CN1223605C - 抑制sars冠状病毒的多肽药物及其衍生物和其应用 - Google Patents
抑制sars冠状病毒的多肽药物及其衍生物和其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种利用多肽及其衍生物阻断SARS冠状病毒感染细胞的方法,其中多肽的氨基酸序列来自SARS冠状病毒spike(S)蛋白的两个七肽重复区(heptad repeat,HR)HR1和HR2。本发明还提供了一种设计HR1和HR2多肽功能类似物的方法。本发明还提供了一种利用融合表达制备SARS冠状病毒S蛋白HR多肽或其衍生物的方法。这种通过表达纯化或人工合成方法获得的HR多肽及其衍生物都对SARS病毒感染细胞有抑制活性,可开发成防治SARS疾病的多肽药物。
Description
发明领域:
本发明属于病毒的分子生物学领域。具体的讲,涉及利用SARS冠状病毒spike(S)蛋白的七肽重复(heptad repeat,HR)HR1和HR2多肽及其衍生物进行对SARS冠状病毒感染的防治。
背景技术:
最近在全世界范围内爆发了一种传染性的重症急性呼吸综合征(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome,SARS)或称“非典型肺炎”,其病原目前已初步确定为一种新型冠状病毒(Coronavirus)。冠状病毒是一种带囊膜的RNA病毒,同其它囊膜病毒相似,它需要通过病毒囊膜与细胞膜的融合将遗传物质释放到细胞内而完成对细胞的感染。对大多数囊膜病毒的融合机制研究发现,它们都是利用囊膜融合糖蛋白通过构象变化介导病毒囊膜和宿主细胞膜的融合,这些囊膜糖蛋白(如流感病毒的HA、HIV的gp120/gp41、埃博拉病毒的Gp以及呼吸道合胞病毒的F蛋白)有着相似的结构特征,它们都有两段称为七肽重复(heptad repeat,HR)的区域-HR1和HR2,这两段区域在蛋白发挥融合活性时会形成一种稳定的六螺旋束或称发卡三聚体结构,这种结构对蛋白通过构象变化发挥融合功能至关重要,许多研究表明外源加入HR1或HR2多肽能够阻断蛋白本身的HR1和HR2间形成发卡三聚体,从而抑制了病毒囊膜和细胞膜的融合,最终阻止了病毒对细胞的感染。然而,至今还未见报道根据这种特性设计多肽或其类似物作为防治冠状病毒感染的药物。目前仅在艾滋病的治疗上已有报道进入三期临床试验的药物-T-20(HR2多肽衍生物),就是这类药物的代表,其治疗作用效果很好。
发明内容:
在称为七肽重复(Heptad Repeat,HR)的研究上,本研究小组已经在多种病毒中作了相关工作,如人呼吸道合胞体病毒(Wang,E.,Sun,X.,Qian,Y.,Zhao,L.,Tien,P.and Gao,G.F.,BBRC.2003,302:469-475.),麻疹病毒(Zhu,J.,Zhang,C.W-H.,Qi,Y.,Tien,P.and Gao,G.F.,BBRC.2002,299:897-902.;Zhu,J.,Ding,Y.,Gao,F.,Wu,T.,Zhang,C.W-H.,Tien,P.,Rao,Z.and Gao,G.F.ActaCrystallogr Biol Crystallogr.2003,D59:587-590.),新出现的Menangle病毒(Zhu,J.,Zhang,C.W-H.,Rao,Z.Tien,P.and Gao,G.F.Archives of Virology2003,in press)等,鸡新城疫病毒(Yu,M.,Wang,E.,Liu,Y.,Cao,D.,Jin,N.,Zhang,C.W-H.,Bartlam,M.,Rao,Z.,Tien,P.and Gao,G.F.Journal of General Virology 2002,83(Pt3):623-629;Zhu,J.,Li,P.,Wu,T.,Zhang,C.W-H.,Bartlam,M.,Rao,Z.,Gao,G.F and Tien,P.Protein Engineering 2003,inpress)等。证实了它们的六螺旋束结构和病毒融合入侵的抑制试验。我们在这方面的技术平台已经建立。
参与冠状病毒融合的囊膜糖蛋白为spike(S)蛋白,在SARS冠状病毒的全序列完成后(加拿大),本发明对其编码的蛋白质进行了系统分析,发现Spike蛋白上也有两段特征性的七肽重复(Heptad Repeat,HR1和HR2),它在S蛋白中的位置请参看图1,图中还比较了艾滋病病毒这一区域在囊膜蛋白(GP160)中的位置,这暗示SARS冠状病毒可能与HIV等有相似的融合机制。我们还进一步比较了所有在基因库(GenBank)中的SARS冠状病毒序列,包括来自美国,加拿大,香港,北京,广东等的病毒基因组序列,发现HR1和HR2这一区域是高度保守的,因此,用它们作为药物靶点可以避免SARS冠状病毒变异引起的耐药性。为此,本发明的目的在于提供了一种利用HR1和HR2多肽及其衍生物阻断SARS冠状病毒感染细胞的方法,其中多肽的氨基酸序列来自SARS冠状病毒spike(S)蛋白的两个七肽重复区(heptad repeat,HR)HR1和HR2,本发明提供了SARS冠状病毒spike蛋白HR1和HR2区在蛋白上的位置及氨基酸序列,其中HR1具有如Seq ID:No.1所示的氨基酸序列;HR2具有如Seq ID:No.2所示的氨基酸序列;应当指出的是,对上述序列进行一个或多个氨基酸的替换、插入和/或缺失所得到的功能类似物也能达到本发明的目的。本发明的另外一个目的还在于提供一种设计HR1和HR2多肽功能类似物的方法;本发明还提供了一种利用融合表达制备SARS冠状病毒S蛋白HR多肽或其衍生物的方法。这种通过表达纯化或人工合成方法获得的HR多肽及其衍生物都对SARS病毒感染细胞有抑制活性,可开发成防治SARS疾病的多肽药物。
本发明提供了下列两种方法获得HR多肽或其衍生物:
1.人工合成多肽
根据本发明提供的SARS冠状病毒spike蛋白的HR1和HR2序列,人工合成了对应于HR1和HR2的多肽,经HPLC鉴定,纯度大于90%。
2.基因工程方法
(1)与GST融合表达制备HR1和HR2多肽或其衍生物
根据SARS病毒S蛋白HR1和HR2的氨基酸序列和大肠杆菌偏爱密码子,对HR1和HR2基因进行人工拼接,利用BamH I/Xho I酶切位点克隆到GST融合表达载体pGEX-6p-1中,经DNA序列测定确定所得基因序列是正确的。将pGEX-6p-1/HR1和pGEX-6p-1/HR2分别转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,挑选单克隆接种含氨卞青霉素(100μg/ml)的适量2×YTA液体培养基(胰蛋白胨16g,酵母提取物10g,氯化钠5g,水1000ml),37℃摇振培养过夜作为种子液;将种子液按1/100接种量接种新鲜2×YTA液体培养基,37℃摇振培养至OD590为0.8-1.0左右,加诱导物IPTG至终浓度1mM,37℃或28℃继续培养4h;5000rpm离心15min收集菌体,加适量PBS缓冲液(140mM NaCl,2.7mM KCl,10mM Na2HPO4,1.8mM KH2PO4,pH7.3)重悬菌体,超声波裂解菌体,超声波裂解后加入终浓度为1%的TritonX-100,冰浴30min,12000rpm,4℃离心15min,取上清;将超声波裂解上清通过经PBS平衡的Glutathione-Sepharose 4B亲和层析柱,再用PBS洗涤亲和柱至少十个柱体积;用至少三个柱体积的还原型谷胱甘肽溶液(10mM reduced glutathione,50mM Tris-HCl pH8.0)洗脱,收集洗脱液得到GST-HR蛋白,用Superdex G50脱盐柱(Pharmacia公司)或超滤浓缩再稀释的方法换成酶切缓冲液(50mMTris-HCl,pH7.0;150mM NaCl;1mM DTT;1mM EDTA,pH8.0),加入过量的GST-3C蛋白酶5℃酶切16h;酶切产物再换成PBS缓冲液,用Glutathione-Sepharose 4B亲和层析柱亲和除去酶切下的GST和GST-3C,收集穿透液得到HR1或HR2蛋白,用截流分子量为3K的超滤管浓缩至适当浓度,利用反向HPLC进一步纯化,-70℃冻存备用。蛋白样品用12%SDS-PAGE或Tris-tricine SDS-PAGE鉴定。蛋白浓度用BCA蛋白检测试剂盒(Pierce公司)确定。
(2)与人GST蛋白融合表达制备HR1和HR2多肽或其衍生物
将人GST蛋白基因与SARS冠状病毒spike蛋白HR1和HR2或其衍生物融合,融合蛋白直接用于抑制SARS冠状病毒对细胞的感染。
本发明提供了设计SARS冠状病毒spike蛋白HR1和HR2多肽功能类似物的方法。由于HR1多肽的疏水性较强,很易发生自身聚集,稳定性不好,这就影响了其功能的发挥。本发明用氨基酸连接子将HR1、HR2、HR1串联起来(称为HR121)进行表达和纯化,同时将HR1、HR2、HR1、HR2、HR1五个多肽串联起来(称为5-Helix)进行表达和纯化,所得HR121和5-Helix稳定性高于单独的HR1多肽,而功能与其相同。本发明还将HR2、HR1、HR2三个多肽串联起来(称为HR212)进行表达和纯化,所得HR212蛋白同样比单独的HR2多肽稳定且便于纯化,而功能与其相似。
本发明提供了应用SARS冠状病毒spike蛋白HR1和HR2多肽或其衍生物阻断SARS病毒感染细胞的方法。将以上人工合成或基因工程方法获得的HR多肽或与GST或其他蛋白融合的HR蛋白倍比稀释与固定浓度的SARS冠状病毒混合,而后共同吸附Vero等培养细胞,观察HR多肽或GST-HR对SARS冠状病毒产生细胞病变(CPE)的影响,结果表明HR多肽或GST-HR能够在nM浓度范围内抑制CPE的产生,说明HR多肽能够阻断SARS冠状病毒对细胞的感染,本发明所提供的HR多肽或其衍生物可以用于开发防治SARS病毒感染的药物。
附图简要说明:
图1SARS冠状病毒spike(S)蛋白结构示意图。图示可能的S1和S2两个亚单位及跨膜区(transmembrane domain)和胞质区(cytoplamicdomain)。计算机程序预测的HR1和HR2在S蛋白的相应位置,同时与HIV-1gp160的HR1及HR2预测结果进行比较,说明它们有相似的结构特征。
图2构建HR1和HR2多肽功能类似物示意图。5-Helix为HRllinker1HR2linker2HR1linker1HR2linker2HR1,HR121为HR1linker1HR2linker2HR1,HR212为HR2linker2HR1linker1HR2,其中linker1的氨基酸序列为SGGRGG(字母表示氨基酸的英文缩写),linker2的氨基酸序列为GGSGG(字母表示氨基酸的英文缩写)。5-Helix和HR121与HR1多肽的功能类似,HR212与HR2多肽的功能类似。
具体实施方式:
实施例
1.SARS冠状病毒spike(S)蛋白HR1和HR2区的预测所用SARS冠状病毒S蛋白序列来自Toronto分离株,基因库收录号码为:NC_004718。利用计算机程序对S蛋白进行分析,表明SARS冠状病毒S蛋白具有两个典型的七肽重复序列,同时利用其它不同的程序进行分析,结果HR1和HR2的位置相似,最后确定HR1序列为Seq ID:No.1;HR2序列为Seq ID:No.2。
2.SARS冠状病毒S蛋白HR1和HR2多肽的人工合成
根据实施例1所提供的HR1和HR2氨基酸序列,人工合成了HR2多肽,同时合成了三段不同长度的HR1多肽,经HPLC鉴定纯度为90%以上,并且所合成的肽可溶性很好。
3.SARS冠状病毒S蛋白HR1基因的人工拼接
根据实施例1所提供的HR1序列和大肠杆菌偏爱密码子设计了下列十条引物用于拼接HR1基因:
S(hr1)1:5’gat gga tcc gag aac cag aaa cag atc gcc aac cag ttc aac aag gcg atc 3’
S(hr1)2:5’tga ggt cgt ggt aag tga ttc ttg aat ttg act gat cgc ctt gtt gaa ctg 3’
S(hr1)3:5’tca ctt acc acg acc tca act gca ttg ggc aag ctg cag gac gtt gtt aac 3’
S(hr1)4:5’ttt cac cag cgt gtt cag tgc ttg agc att ctg gtt aac aac gtc ctg cag 3’
S(hr1)5:5’ctg aac acg ctg gtg aaa caa ctt agc tct aat ttt ggt gcg att tca agt gtg 3’
S(hr1)6:5’gac ttt atc cag acg cga aag gat atc att cag cac act tga aat cgc acc 3’
S(hr1)7:5’tcg cgt ctg gat aaa gtc gag gcg gag gta caa atc gac cgt ctg atc acc 3’
S(hr1)8:5’tgt cac ata ggt ctg cag gct ttg aag acg gcc ggt gat cag acg gtc gat 3’
S(hr1)9:5’ctg cag acc tat gtg aca caa caa ctg atc cgt gct gct gaa atc cgt gct 3’
S(hr1)10:5’gac ctc gag tca agc aag att agc aga agc acg gat ttc agc agc 3’
其中每两条相邻引物都有18个碱基的互补序列,同时设计有BamH I和Xho I酶切位点以及终止密码。引物人工合成。按下列方法拼接HR1基因:第一步,混合S(hr1)1-S(hr1)10十条引物(0.2OD/μl),按下列PCR条件进行扩增:94℃变性5min,而后进行94℃ 1.5min,55℃ 2min,72℃ 1min,25个循环;第二步,以S(hr1)1和S(hr1)10为引物,第一步PCR产物为模板,按同样的条件进行PCR扩增。无水乙醇沉淀法回收PCR产物,1%琼脂糖电泳鉴定。对所得基因用BamH I和Xho I双酶切,与同样经双酶切的pGEX-6p-1载体连接,通过酶切鉴定的方法筛选阳性克隆,最后经DNA序列测定证明所得HR1基因完全正确。
4.SARS冠状病毒S蛋白HR2基因的拼接
根据实施例1所提供的HR2序列和大肠杆菌偏爱密码子设计了下列四条引物用于拼接HR2基因:
S(hr2)1:5’gac gga tcc ggc gac att tca ggc att aac gct tct gtc gtc aac att 3’
S(hr2)2:5’gac ctc att gag acg atc aat ttc ttt ttg aat gtt gac gac aga agc 3’
S(hr2)3:5’gat cgt ctc aat gag gtc gct aaa aat tta aac gaa tca ctg atc gac 3’
S(hr2)4:5’gta ctc gag tca gcc caa ttc ttg cag gtc gat cag tga ttc g 3’
其中每两条相邻引物都有18个碱基的互补序列,同时设计有BamH I和Xho I酶切位点以及终止密码。引物人工合成。按下列方法拼接HR2基因:第一步,混合S(hr2)1-S(hr2)4四条引物(0.2OD/μl),按下列PCR条件进行扩增:94℃变性5min,而后进行94℃ 1min,55℃ 2min,72℃ 1min,25个循环;第二步,以S(hr2)1和S(hr2)4为引物,第一步PCR产物为模板,按同样的条件进行PCR扩增。无水乙醇沉淀法回收PCR产物,1%琼脂糖电泳鉴定。对所得基因用BamH I和Xho I双酶切,与同样经双酶切的pGEX-6p-1载体连接,通过酶切鉴定的方法筛选阳性克隆,最后经DNA序列测定证明所得HR2基因完全正确。
5.SARS冠状病毒HR1和HR2多肽的融合表达
将经DNA测序pGEX-6p-1/HR1和pGEX-6p-1/HR2分别转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,挑选单克隆接种含氨卞青霉素(100μg/ml)的适量2×YTA液体培养基(胰蛋白胨16g,酵母提取物10g,氯化钠5g,水1000ml),37℃摇振培养过夜作为种子液;将种子液按1/100接种量接种新鲜2×YTA液体培养基,37℃摇振培养至OD590为0.8-1.0左右,加诱导物IPTG至终浓度1mM,37℃或28℃继续培养4h;5000rpm离心15min收集菌体,加适量PBS缓冲液(140mM NaCl,2.7mM KCl,10mM Na2HPO4,1.8mM KH2PO4,pH7.3)重悬菌体,超声波裂解菌体,超声波裂解后加入终浓度为1%的TritonX-100,冰浴30min,12000rpm,4℃离心15min,取上清;将超声波裂解上清通过经PBS平衡的Glutathione-Sepharose 4B亲和层析柱,再用PBS洗涤亲和柱至少十个柱体积;用至少三个柱体积的还原型谷胱甘肽溶液(10mM reduced glutathione,50mM Tris-HCl pH8.0)洗脱,收集洗脱液得到GST-HR蛋白,经12%SDS-PAGE鉴定所得蛋白分子量与预期相符,其中GST-HR1为38kDa左右,GST-HR2为30kDa左右;用Superdex G50脱盐柱(Pharmacia公司)或超滤浓缩再稀释的方法将GST-HR换成酶切缓冲液(50mM Tris-HCl,pH7.0;150mM NaCl;1mMDTT;1mM EDTA,pH8.0),加入过量的GST-3C蛋白酶5℃酶切16h;酶切产物再换成PBS缓冲液,用Glutathione-Sepharose 4B亲和层析柱亲和除去酶切下的GST和GST-3C,收集穿透液得到HR1或HR2蛋白,用截流分子量为3K的超滤管浓缩至适当浓度,利用反向HPLC进一步纯化,-70℃冻存备用。蛋白样品用12%Tris-tricine SDS-PAGE鉴定,结果所得HR1多肽为12kDa左右,HR2多肽为4kDa左右,与预期大小相符。蛋白浓度用BCA蛋白检测试剂盒(Pierce公司)确定。
6.SARS冠状病毒HR1和HR2多肽与人GST的融合表达
将人GST与HR1或HR2多肽按与实施例5同样的方法融合表达和纯化,得到的GST-HR蛋白直接用于检测其对抑制SARS冠状病毒感染细胞的活性。
7.SARS冠状病毒S蛋白HR1和HR2多肽的体外结合
将按实施例5方法纯化的GST-HR1与表达纯化的HR2或人工合成的HR2多肽混合,室温作用1小时,再与适量Glutathione-Sepharose 4B亲和填料混合,室温作用30分钟后用PBS缓冲液洗涤三次,而后用还原型谷胱甘肽溶液洗脱,最后进行12%Tris-tricine SDS-PAGE鉴定,结果表明GST-HR1能够与表达纯化或人工合成的HR2多肽特异性结合,说明HR1或HR2多肽及其衍生物是通过与病毒S蛋白上的相应HR区结合而发挥抑制活性。
8.实施例2、5和6方法得到的HR多肽或其衍生物对SARS病毒感染培养细胞的抑制
Vero E6细胞培养于DMEM培养基(含100U/ml青链霉素,10%胎牛血清)中,37℃,5%CO2培养箱中培养至生长成单层。将实施例2、5和6方法得到的HR多肽及其衍生物(溶于PBS缓冲液中)过滤除菌,倍比稀释(起始浓度为100μM)后与固定浓度的SARS冠状病毒混(病毒TCID50为5)合共同吸附上述细胞,37℃1小时后,吸弃病毒和肽的混合物,加入DMEM维持液(含100U/ml青链霉素,2%胎牛血清),37℃,5%CO2培养箱中继续培养,每个稀释度做8个重复,每隔12小时观察细胞病变(CPE)情况。SARS冠状病毒在Vero细胞上产生的CPE为细胞变圆、萎缩、折光性强,最后细胞脱落。计算每个稀释度CPE被抑制的孔的数量,进行统计分析,最后计算IC50值。结果表明HR2多肽或GST-HR2都能抑制SARS冠状病毒在Vero细胞产生CPE,IC50在nM范围内,说明HR2多肽及其衍生物能够抑制SARS病毒感染细胞,可用于开发防治SARS病毒的药物。
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<120>抑制SARS冠状病毒的多肽药物和其衍生物及其应用
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Claims (1)
1.一种阻断SARS冠状病毒感染细胞的多肽,其特征在于所述多肽是来自SARS冠状病毒spike蛋白两个七肽重复区HR1或HR2的多肽,其中所述HR1具有Seq ID No:1所示的氨基酸序列,所述HR2具有Seq ID No:2所示的氨基酸序列。
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AU2003246143A AU2003246143A1 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2003-06-12 | Polypeptide agent for inhibiting sars coronavirus and its derivatives and use thereof |
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WO2005080419A1 (fr) | 2005-09-01 |
AU2003246143A1 (en) | 2005-09-05 |
CN1488641A (zh) | 2004-04-14 |
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