CN118058159A - Rejuvenation method of seed balls after lily cut-flowers are harvested - Google Patents
Rejuvenation method of seed balls after lily cut-flowers are harvested Download PDFInfo
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- CN118058159A CN118058159A CN202410471601.4A CN202410471601A CN118058159A CN 118058159 A CN118058159 A CN 118058159A CN 202410471601 A CN202410471601 A CN 202410471601A CN 118058159 A CN118058159 A CN 118058159A
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- leaves
- stubble
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- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 241000234435 Lilium Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N (+)-Abscisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@@]1(O)C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- -1 compound sodium nitrophenolate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N desoxyabscisic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C(C)C=CC1C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 42
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 27
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- AXKBOWBNOCUNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-nitrophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O AXKBOWBNOCUNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002837 defoliant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CLASFMUIFVKHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[diethoxyphosphoryl-(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine Chemical compound N=1C2=C(C)C=CC=C2SC=1NC(P(=O)(OCC)OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1F CLASFMUIFVKHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031787 nutrient reservoir activity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000724252 Cucumber mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005976 Ethephon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000816 effect on animals Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006286 nutrient intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005195 poor health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QYMMJNLHFKGANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N profenofos Chemical compound CCCSP(=O)(OCC)OC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1Cl QYMMJNLHFKGANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010496 root system development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000034655 secondary growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008117 seed development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004354 sesquiterpene derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005727 virus proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/35—Bulbs; Alliums, e.g. onions or leeks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rejuvenation method of seed balls after lily cut-flowers are harvested, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) When lily cut flowers are harvested and pruned, 15-25 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plants, and the height of the stubble-reserving piles is 31-40 cm; 2) Spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the stubble-leaving leaves, and watering the roots; 3) Applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into soil, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium of the fertilizer is 16:6:30, and the compound sodium nitrophenolate is mixed; 4) Spraying a toxaflutole solution with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaf surface; 5) Applying a compound water-soluble fertilizer which is diluted 2000 times and has the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium of 18:8:24 into soil; 6) Spraying 1500 times of water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer on the leaves; 7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls 80-100 days after pruning, and spraying abscisic acid with the concentration of 600-900 times to the leaves 10 days before harvesting to obtain the lily rejuvenating seed balls with the diameter of 16-20 cm, excellent quality and uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rejuvenation method of seed bulbs after lily cut-flowers are harvested, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation.
Background
Lily is a kind of bulb flower, the production of lily cut flowers takes underground seed bulbs as seed sources, and the quality of lily cut flowers depends on the quality of seed bulbs, so that the domestic flower farmers mostly adopt the first generation seed bulbs (i.e. the seed bulbs have the diameter reaching the diameter specification capable of flowering, but the seed bulbs never have flowers) to produce lily cut flowers. After the lily plant is bud, most of nutrition absorbed by the root system of the lily plant is transmitted to the bud for growth, and due to the fact that the nutrient consumption of the old seed bulbs after flowers are opened is large, new smaller seed bulbs grow on the original positions of the old seed bulbs after lily cutting, the new seed bulbs cannot reach the diameter standard required by the next growing season, but due to the fact that the price of the imported first-generation seed bulbs is high, even if the diameter of the seed bulbs after cutting is small, flower farmers still like to continue to cultivate the seed bulbs after cutting as seed sources of the next year and even continue to use the seed bulbs as seed sources of the third year, obviously, the seed sources save cost, but greatly reduce the quality of lily cutting, cause lower price and are still not beneficial to the increment of flower farmers. In addition, for continuous cropping seed balls, the seed balls can be degraded due to the high risk of spreading and infecting viruses by pests such as aphids, poor health condition of plant root systems, insufficient nutrient absorption of seed balls, easiness in carrying fungus pathogenic bacteria and the like, and can not be used as seed balls for peanut cutting production. Therefore, the seed balls can be directly rejuvenated after cut flowers are harvested, the virus carrying rate of the rejuvenated seed balls is reduced, the excellent variety characteristics of the seed balls are maintained, the rejuvenated balls can produce high-quality cut flowers, the production cost of flower farmers is saved, and the method has important significance for continuous and stable development of lily flower industry.
The compound sodium nitrophenolate is a high-efficiency broad-spectrum plant growth regulator, and has the functions of promoting the flow of cell protoplasm, improving the activity of cells, accelerating the growth and development of plants, promoting root and seedling, enhancing the stress resistance, improving the yield and the like. The compound sodium nitrophenolate can be used alone or in combination with various fertilizers, and can relieve antagonism among the fertilizers, and has the advantages of low dosage, obvious effect, low cost, no toxic or side effect on animals and people, and the like. The defoliant is a kind of hormone substance capable of promoting yellowing and dewatering of leaf and preventing secondary growth of leaf, and includes abscisic acid, ethephon and other hormones. Abscisic acid (ABA for short) is a plant hormone with a sesquiterpene structure, and is often used as a defoliating agent. ABA is non-irritating, and is harmless to human and livestock, and is a natural, green and safe plant growth active substance. ABA has effects of regulating closure of stomata, regulating seed development, and regulating plant growth and development in the whole life cycle of plant. ABA can promote the storage of seeds and fruits, particularly the accumulation of storage proteins and sugar by regulating and controlling the leaf senescence, starch synthesis and degradation and source warehouse transportation processes, mobilize more carbohydrates to distribute to warehouse organs, promote bud dormancy and promote the formation of underground tubers.
In the existing lily bulb rejuvenation technology, besides the longer time, the indexes of bulb quality such as the size of the diameter, the appearance health degree, the starch content of the bulb, the virus carrying rate and the like are not paid more attention, and the rejuvenation bulb cannot produce high-quality cut flowers. Especially when the seed balls with the toxins are selected for producing cut flowers, whether the seed balls are toxic or not can not be judged only from the appearance, and the virus symptoms can be found seriously and cannot be sold only after plants grow large and bloom, so that serious losses of income of flower farmers are caused. The Chinese patent application No. CN201310162096 discloses a breeding method of oriental lily seed balls, which comprises the steps of digging out seed balls immediately after lily cut flowers are collected, cleaning and sterilizing, transplanting the seed balls into humus soil for 10 weeks of low-temperature treatment, taking out the seed balls, placing the seed balls in an environment of 2-4 ℃, and planting the seed balls in soil until the next 3 months of the year, wherein the seed balls reaching flowering specifications can be cultivated after 6 months of field fertilizer water management. The whole rejuvenation process of the invention requires 12 months, and in operation, multiple transplanting balls are needed, and the input labor cost is too high. The Chinese patent application with the application number of CN201010267889 discloses a multi-generation rejuvenation cultivation method for oriental lily bulbs, which is characterized in that bulbs are directly cultivated after cut flowers are harvested, but in the rejuvenation cultivation process, treatment measures for preventing the bulbs from infecting viruses and guaranteeing the quality of the bulbs are not provided, and the focus of the whole technology is a refrigeration treatment step after the bulbs are harvested. The invention discloses a multi-generation rejuvenation cultivation method for oriental lily bulbs, and discloses a rejuvenation method for lily bulbs, which is applied for Chinese patent application with the application number of CN200410063063, wherein the technology of the two application adopts a soilless cultivation mode to cultivate rejuvenation bulbs, the cultivation substrate has complex formula, higher cost and complex operation, and no specific measure for controlling the quality of rejuvenation bulbs is also provided, so that the quality degradation of the rejuvenation bulbs is serious, the quality is poor, and the rejuvenation method cannot be compared with the prior art bulbs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention creatively utilizes the combination of technical means of setting stubble height, promoting lily scale tillering, spraying cell activating agent, virus prevention and control treatment, applying formula fertilizer, defoliating agent yellowing and the like, provides a rejuvenation method capable of obtaining lily cut flowers with excellent appearance and internal quality and achieving the quality of the seed balls of the first generation, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of the rejuvenation seed balls of lily.
The invention is completed by the following technical scheme: the rejuvenation method of the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting as a rejuvenation cultivation object and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) When lily cut flowers are harvested and pruned, 15-25 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plants, the height of the stubble-reserving plants is controlled to be 31-40 cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 2-4 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and potassium of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 75-100 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls 80-100 days after pruning, spraying abscisic acid diluted 600-900 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-retaining plants 10 days before harvesting until all the leaves are wet, digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow, and obtaining the rejuvenating seed balls for cut flower production with the diameter of 16-20 cm.
The corresponding relation between the leaf retention quantity and the stubble height in the step 1) is as follows: the stubble height of 15-20 leaves is 31-35 cm, and the stubble height of 21-25 leaves is 36-45 cm.
After lily cut flowers are harvested, the invention performs innovative comprehensive application by stubble height control, lily scale tillering control, cell activating agent treatment, virus prevention and control treatment, formula fertilizer application and defoliation agent yellowing treatment, can obtain rejuvenation seed balls with good appearance and internal quality within 100 days, and after field planting, more than 96% of cut flowers reach the first-stage cut flower grading standard, and the method is continuously used after lily cut flowers are harvested to obtain rejuvenation seed balls, so that multiple stubbles can be continuously reused, the labor and production input cost is lower, and the medicament used in the production process is environment-friendly and harmless, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of lily rejuvenation seed balls.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
Under the comprehensive application of each treatment step in the technology, the rejuvenation seed balls after lily cut-off flower picking can grow into large-specification high-quality flowering seed balls with the diameter of 16-20 cm, the cultivation period is shorter, and compared with the conventional method for planting and cultivating the seed balls again in the next year after the rejuvenation seed balls are required to be picked out, the period is shortened by 1 year, and the input cost of manpower and material resources is greatly saved.
(2) The virus carrying rate of the rejuvenation balls can be controlled within 3% by adopting virus prevention and control treatment, which is far lower than the virus detection rate of 5% of the seed balls of the first generation, so that the cut flowers produced by using the rejuvenation balls in the later stage can be ensured to avoid virus invasion.
(3) The method has the advantages that the number of new roots sprouting of rejuvenation balls is increased by using a cell activating agent and a staged formulated fertilization and defoliant treatment, the scale development quality is good, the consistency of the seed ball specification is good, the seed source guarantee is provided for the first-stage flowers with 96% of the total quantity of cut flowers produced by using the rejuvenation balls, and the problem that the flower yield of the rejuvenation balls is low due to uneven seed ball quality and specification in the conventional method is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the number of scales of rejuvenating seed balls according to the invention with the number of scales of conventional cultured seed balls;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of the sizes of rejuvenating seed balls according to the invention and conventional culture seed balls.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
The rejuvenation method of the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting, which grow from imported 'Siberia' first generation seed bulbs, as a rejuvenation cultivation object, and comprises the following steps:
1) When lily cut flowers are harvested and pruned, 20 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plants, the height of the stubble-reserving plants is controlled to be 35cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 4 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and 6:30 of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 16:6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 100 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (4) harvesting the seed balls on the 90 th day after pruning, spraying abscisic acid diluted 900 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plants 10 days before harvesting until all the leaves are wet, and digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow to obtain rejuvenation seed balls for cut flower production with the diameter of 18 cm.
Example 2
A rejuvenation method of seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting grown from imported OT lily 'wooden door' first generation seed bulbs as rejuvenation cultivation objects, and comprises the following steps:
1) When cut lily is harvested and pruned, 25 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plant, the height of the stubble-reserving plant is controlled to be 40cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 2 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and 6:30 of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 16:6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 75 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls on the 95 th day after pruning, spraying abscisic acid diluted 600 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plants 10 days before harvesting until all the leaves are wet, and digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow to obtain rejuvenation seed balls for cut flower production with the diameter of 20 cm.
Example 3
A rejuvenation method of seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting, which are grown from imported heavy-petal eastern lily 'Isabela' generation seed bulbs, as rejuvenation cultivation objects, and comprises the following steps:
1) When cut lily is harvested and pruned, 22 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plants, the height of the stubble-reserving plants is controlled to be 35cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 4 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and 6:30 of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 16:6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 90 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls on the 100 th day after pruning, spraying abscisic acid diluted 800 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plants 10 days before harvesting until all the leaves are wet, and digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow to obtain rejuvenation seed balls for cut flower production with the diameter of 18 cm.
Example 4
The rejuvenation method of the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting which are grown by the imported Asian lily 'essence' generation seed bulbs as rejuvenation cultivation objects, and comprises the following steps:
1) When cut lily is harvested and pruned, 23 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plant, the height of the stubble-reserving plant is controlled to be 32cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 3 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and 6:30 of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 16:6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 80 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls on the 80 th day after pruning, spraying abscisic acid diluted 700 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plants 10 days before harvesting until all the leaves are wet, and digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow to obtain rejuvenation seed balls for cut flower production with the diameter of 16 cm.
Example 5
A rejuvenation method of seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting, which are grown from imported LA (Cannon-Asia) lily 'antithetical' first generation seed bulbs, as rejuvenation cultivation objects, and comprises the following steps:
1) When cut lily is harvested and pruned, 25 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plant, the height of the stubble-reserving plant is controlled to be 31cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 2 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and 6:30 of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 16:6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 95 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls on the 85 th day after pruning, spraying abscisic acid diluted 850 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plants 10 days before harvesting until all the leaves are wet, and digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow to obtain rejuvenating seed balls for cut flower production with the diameter of 18 cm.
Example 6
The rejuvenation method of the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting, which are grown from imported LO (Cannon-Oriental) lily 'Carli' first generation seed bulbs, as rejuvenation cultivation objects, and comprises the following steps:
1) When cut lily is harvested and pruned, 15 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plant, the height of the stubble-reserving plant is controlled to be 38cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 3 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and 6:30 of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 16:6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 85 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls on the 95 th day after pruning, spraying abscisic acid which is diluted 650 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plants for wetting all the leaves 10 days before harvesting, digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow, and obtaining the rejuvenating seed balls for the cut flower production with the diameter of 20 cm.
The following test comparison proves the effect of the invention:
Influence of stubble height and number of leaves on rejuvenation ball quality:
Leaves of the cut lily, which remain stubble after being cut, are functional organs for directly conveying photosynthetic products to rejuvenating seed bulbs, so that the quantity of the leaves determines the quantity of the photosynthetic products obtained by the seed bulbs. However, the variety of lily leaves of different hybrid lines has larger shape difference, and the same is true of She Jianju on the stems, so that the quantity of leaves growing on the stems with the same height is different. The cut flower varieties of the hybrid lines of the Oriental lily, the OT lily, the OA lily, the LO lily, the Asian lily, the LA lily and the Cannon lily can leave stubbles according to the height of 31 cm-40 cm, the height of leaving stubbles of 15-20 leaves is 31-35 cm, and the height of leaving stubbles of 21-25 leaves is 36-40 cm.
In the experiment, the first generation seed balls of Siberia are used as materials, 7 treatments are set for the height of the remained stubble after cutting the cut flowers, 50 plants are counted in each treatment, and the fresh weight and the diameter of the rejuvenating balls after harvesting are measured. From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the height of the stubble 35cm is the best choice height of fresh weight and diameter of the rejuvenating seed balls, but 31-40 cm can be used as the suitable height for producing the rejuvenating seed balls with the diameter between 18-20 cm. Compared with the grading standard of lily cut flowers, the cut flowers are produced by the seed balls with large-specification enclosing diameters, the quantity and plant height of the buds are guaranteed, the quality is higher, the economic benefit is better, but the enclosing diameters of 18-20 cm are also good, if the enclosing diameters exceed 20cm, the quantity of the buds is excessive, the buds are reduced, the grading level of the cut flowers is reduced, and the price is reduced.
TABLE 1 rejuvenation means and weights corresponding to different stubble heights and blade counts in the invention
2. Influence of gibberellin and sodium nitrophenolate on quality of rejuvenating balls
Gibberellin and sodium nitrophenolate can promote the growth of lily bulbs, gibberellin can obviously promote the growth of stems and leaves and delay dormancy, and lily scales are underground scale leaves, so that the tillering and the growth of scales are also promoted. The compound sodium nitrophenolate can promote the generation of new roots, keep the root system function active, reduce the sprouting of small seed balls generated by stems and provide all nutrients for the new rejuvenation balls.
In the experiment, the first generation seed balls of Siberia are used as materials, and the height of the stubble after cutting the cut flowers is set to be 35cm. And (3) respectively spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 20 mg/L, 30mg/L and 40mg/L on leaves of the stubble-remained plants once in the third day after pruning, adding sodium nitrophenolate into the preparation of the water-soluble fertilizer solution in the eighth day, and applying the sodium nitrophenolate and the water-soluble fertilizer into soil together by drip irrigation, and continuously applying the sodium nitrophenolate and the water-soluble fertilizer to the 30 th day after pruning. And (5) carrying out treatment statistics on 50 plants for each concentration of the two medicaments, and respectively measuring the total number of scales or the number of seed balls grown in the stem of each rejuvenation ball after harvesting. As can be seen from the results in Table 2, gibberellin with the concentration of 30mg/L has a good induction effect on the quantity of scales, and the dosage of the compound sodium nitrophenolate with the concentration of 2-4 g/mu can effectively inhibit the sprouting of the seed bulbs.
TABLE 2 Effect of gibberellin alone and sodium Furopylate on rejuvenation bulb growth in the present invention
3. Influence of stage formulated fertilization on rejuvenation ball quality
The different growth stages of plants have a large difference in the demands for different fertilizers. The nitrogenous fertilizer mainly promotes the growth of plant stems and leaves, so that the chlorophyll content is kept stable or increased; phosphate fertilizer mainly promotes the growth of flowers and fruits and is helpful for root system development; potash fertilizer has remarkable effect on the enlargement of root system and overground parts. The underground bulbs of the lily cut flowers begin to develop rapidly after being picked, the demand of phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is larger from the beginning of the scale germination, and the demand of nitrogen fertilizer is increased when the scale quantity is stable, so that the fertilizer with different formulas is applied to rejuvenation balls in different growth periods so as to adapt to the demands of each growth node of the seed balls.
In the experiment, the first generation seed balls of Siberia are used as materials, and the height of the stubble after cutting the cut flowers is set to be 35cm. The stubble-remaining plant adopts drip irrigation mode water and fertilizer for simultaneous application every day after pruning, and the ratio of the applied nitrogen to the phosphorus to the potassium is 16:6:30, wherein the fertilizer application concentration is 2000 times of the water solution fertilizer, the daily fertilizing amount is 0.2 kg/mu, and the fertilizer water application mode lasts until 30 days after pruning; from day 31, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is 18:8:24, the fertilizer application concentration is still 2000 times of the water solution fertilizer, the daily fertilizing amount is 0.2 kg/mu, and the fertilizer water application mode is used until 1 week before the seed ball is harvested. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium applied in the whole rejuvenation period is 20:20:20, and applying fertilizer once every 15 days, wherein the dosage of the fertilizer is 5 kg/mu each time. The average diameter of the formulated fertilizer and the average diameter of the rejuvenating beads of the control are measured, and 50 plants are counted.
TABLE 3 influence of the use of stage formulary fertilization in the present invention on rejuvenation of ball growth
4. Effect of antiviral treatment on rejuvenating balloon viral load rate:
The virus prevention and control is the most important work in the lily bulb cultivation process, the lily is easy to be infected by more than 10 viruses including mottle virus, cucumber mosaic virus, asymptomatic virus and the like, and the virus diseases are infected by aphids, plant tissues with viruses, contact propagation of culture substrates and the like, so that virus disease symptoms of lily at different degrees are caused, and the cut lily loses commodity value when serious. The Dufulin is a novel compound with an antiviral function, and by activating salicylic acid signal molecules, further activating plant defense factors such as downstream PAL, POD, SOD and the like, the disease resistance of the overall system of crops is improved, and finally viruses cannot proliferate. The Dufulin has a strong systemic effect, can be quickly transmitted to each part of plants through the absorption of crop leaves, and damages the virus shells, so that the viruses are fixed and cannot continue to proliferate, and further spread of diseases is effectively prevented. After the blade of lily is sprayed with the profenofos, the blade can quickly absorb the effective components and transmit the effective components to the stem and the underground seed bulb, so that the antiviral capability of each tissue part of lily is improved, and the virus proliferation and the diseases are prevented.
The specific comparison experiment uses the imported generation seed balls of Siberia as materials, antiviral treatment is carried out after harvesting cut flowers, 6 different treatment dosage and 1 control treatment are set, 7 cells are divided on the same land, 1 treatment is carried out in each cell, 50 random check on average virus carrying rate of the rejuvenation seed balls (4 common viruses detected by a kit) in each treatment is counted, the total spraying is carried out for 3 times in the rejuvenation period, the spraying is carried out once every 10 days, the first spraying is carried out on the 31 th day after pruning, the second spraying is carried out on the 41 th day after pruning, and the third spraying is carried out on the 51 th day after pruning.
As can be seen from Table 4, the treatment method of the invention has better regulation and control effect on the virus carrying rate of the rejuvenation seed balls of the lily variety Siberia, compared with the rejuvenation balls which are not treated, the virus carrying rate of the rejuvenation balls can be controlled within 3 percent by the toxic fluorine phosphorus leaf spraying treatment, but the virus carrying rate of the rejuvenation balls without treatment is as high as 12 percent by the comparison rejuvenation balls which are not treated, which shows that the medicament treatment can obviously reduce the probability of infecting viruses by the lily rejuvenation balls and is beneficial to the cut flower production by using the lily rejuvenation balls in the later period.
TABLE 4 comparison of the effects of using Dufulin with the blank in the present invention
5. Influence of abscisic acid on rejuvenation ball quality
Abscisic acid has inhibiting effect on cell extension, and can promote accumulation of storage substances of seeds and fruits, especially accumulation of storage proteins and sugar, and promote formation of underground bulb. The lily rejuvenation plant leaves are sprayed with the abscisic acid, so that nutrients can be quickly transferred from overground parts to underground parts, the yellowing degree of the leaves is consistent, and unified harvesting is facilitated.
The experiment uses the seed ball of the inlet generation of the 'wooden door' as the material, and the stubble height after cutting the cut flowers is set to be 35cm. According to the conventional water and fertilizer management, defoliant is sprayed 10 days before rejuvenating the seed balls, the starch content (fresh weight) of the rejuvenating balls is measured, and 50 seed balls are counted for each treatment and comparison. As shown in the results of Table 5, the spraying of the abscisic acid has a remarkable improvement effect on the starch content of the rejuvenating balls, the average starch content of 6 treatments is improved by more than 15% compared with that of a control, and the spraying concentration is optimal by 800 times. The starch content is increased, the quality of lily bulbs is improved, and a good material basis is laid for the later production of high-quality cut flowers.
TABLE 5 influence of abscisic acid spray leaves on rejuvenation of ball growth in the invention
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. The rejuvenation method of the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting takes the seed bulbs after lily cut-off harvesting as a rejuvenation cultivation object and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) When lily cut flowers are harvested and pruned, 15-25 leaves are reserved on the stubble-reserving plants, the height of the stubble-reserving plants is controlled to be 31-40 cm, and photosynthesis is continued;
2) Stopping drip irrigation and water and fertilizer irrigation of the stubble-leaving plant in the first to third days after pruning, spraying gibberellin solution with the concentration of 30mg/L on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant once in the third day until all the leaves are wet, and watering clear water on the roots of the stubble-leaving plant once in the morning in the fourth to seventh days until the roots are wet;
3) From the eighth day after pruning, applying the compound water-soluble fertilizer diluted 2000 times into the soil by drip irrigation every day, and continuously drip-irrigation until the 30 th day after pruning;
The compound water-soluble fertilizer is a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and compound sodium nitrophenolate, wherein: the amount of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, the amount of the compound sodium nitrophenolate is 2-4 g/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and potassium of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 6:30;
4) Spraying a virus-preventing and controlling toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine with the mass concentration of 30% on the leaves of the stubble-leaving plant at the 31 st day after pruning, wherein the amount of the toxic fluorine phosphorus is 75-100 g/mu, and then spraying the toxic fluorine phosphorus liquid medicine once every 10 days for three times;
5) Applying 2000 times diluted water-soluble fertilizer into soil by drip irrigation every day from the 31 st day after pruning until the fertilization is stopped a week before seed ball harvesting;
the water-soluble fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, the dosage of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is 0.2 kg/mu, and the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium=18 to 8 to 24 of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizer;
6) Spraying water-soluble EDTA chelated calcium foliar fertilizer which is diluted 1500 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-remaining plant on the 31 st day and the 40 th day after pruning respectively until all the leaves are wet;
7) And (3) harvesting the seed balls 80-100 days after pruning, spraying abscisic acid diluted 600-900 times for one time on the leaves of the stubble-retaining plants 10 days before harvesting until all the leaves are wet, digging out the seed balls after the leaves are completely yellow, and obtaining the rejuvenating seed balls for cut flower production with the diameter of 16-20 cm.
2. The method for rejuvenating seed bulbs after lily cut-off as defined in claim 1, wherein the correspondence between the leaf retention number and the stubble height in the step 1) is: the stubble height of 15-20 leaves is 31-35 cm, and the stubble height of 21-25 leaves is 36-40 cm.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006321721A (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-30 | Shinto Paint Co Ltd | Blooming and fruit-bearing promoter |
| CN101711493A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-05-26 | 玉溪明珠花卉股份有限公司 | Propagation of lily seedball by directly peeling scale |
| CN103141249A (en) * | 2013-02-24 | 2013-06-12 | 周世永 | Lilium Oriental hybrids seedball rejuvenation method |
| CN106417000A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-22 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Pollen-free lily variety breeding method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006321721A (en) * | 2005-05-17 | 2006-11-30 | Shinto Paint Co Ltd | Blooming and fruit-bearing promoter |
| CN101711493A (en) * | 2009-11-11 | 2010-05-26 | 玉溪明珠花卉股份有限公司 | Propagation of lily seedball by directly peeling scale |
| CN103141249A (en) * | 2013-02-24 | 2013-06-12 | 周世永 | Lilium Oriental hybrids seedball rejuvenation method |
| CN106417000A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-22 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Pollen-free lily variety breeding method |
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| 熊作明: "百合种球处理及复壮", 农业与技术, vol. 40, no. 3, 31 March 2020 (2020-03-31), pages 14 - 15 * |
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