CN118000086A - Breeding method of high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley - Google Patents
Breeding method of high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley Download PDFInfo
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- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 title description 2
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 103
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013095 identification testing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 16
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 7
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
- A01H6/4624—Hordeum vulgarus [barley]
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of highland barley with high quality, high yield and high beta-glucan. The highland barley variety obtained by the breeding method has higher beta-glucan content which can reach more than 6%, better and more stable comprehensive properties, and higher yield than that of Long Qing No. 1 by more than 5%, lodging resistance, disease resistance equivalent to that of Long Qing No. 1, and waxy property equivalent to that of medium waxy No. 8 (amylopectin accounts for more than 90% of total starch).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of highland barley with high quality, high yield and high beta-glucan.
Background
Highland barley (Hordeum vulgare var. Coeleste Linnaeus) is annual herb of Gramineae, and is distributed in northwest and southwest provinces of China for cultivation, and is suitable for being grown in a highland cooling climate, and has strong cold resistance, short growth period, high yield, early maturing and wide adaptability. Highland barley has the medicinal values of descending qi, relieving middle energizer, strengthening essence, tonifying qi, removing dampness, inducing sweat and relieving diarrhea. Meanwhile, highland barley is a crop with the highest beta-glucan in the action of wheat in the world, contains rich dietary fibers, various trace elements and mineral elements such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, trace element selenium and the like which are various inorganic elements beneficial to human health, and has very high nutritive value.
The highland barley beta-glucan is the main component of the highland barley seed endosperm cell wall, accounts for about 75% of the dry weight of the cell wall, and the prior researches find that the beta-glucan in the highland barley has the effects of reducing blood fat, reducing cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular diseases, and meanwhile, the effects of the beta-glucan of regulating blood sugar, improving immunity and resisting tumors are discovered successively, thereby bringing about wide attention worldwide. Currently, the biomedical community generally considers that the beta-glucan has four physiological effects of clearing intestines, reducing cholesterol, regulating blood sugar and improving immunity. Therefore, highland barley is very popular in recent years as a cereal for both medicine and food, and the demand is also greatly increasing. However, the yield of the existing highland barley variety with high beta-glucan is relatively low, and the characteristics of high beta-glucan and high yield cannot be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method of highland barley with high quality, high yield and high beta-glucan, and the highland barley variety obtained by the breeding method has higher yield, better quality, lodging resistance, disease resistance and waxy property which are equivalent to those of parents while improving the content of the beta-glucan.
The invention provides a breeding method of high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley, which comprises the following steps:
1) Hybridizing and harvesting F0 generation by taking sweet beer No. 8 as a female parent and medium glutinous No. 8 as a male parent, and selfing F0 generation to obtain F1 generation plants of sweet beer No. 8 x highland barley medium glutinous No. 8;
2) Taking Gangqing No. 1 as a female parent, taking a F1 generation plant of Gan Pi No. x waxy No. 8 in highland barley as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain F0 generation seeds, and selfing after planting to obtain F1 generation seeds;
3) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 2), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds;
4) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 3), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable plant system.
Preferably, the hybridization of step 1) and step 2) comprises a manual hybridization assembly; the artificial hybridization assembly comprises emasculation, and the emasculation spike number of each plant is 1.
Preferably, in the step 1), the number of tassels for emasculation is more than 6 tassels.
Preferably, in the step 2), the number of tassels for emasculation is more than 10 tassels.
Preferably, in the step 3), the F2 generation seeds after sowing are separated in character, harvested and threshed to obtain the F2 generation single seed.
Preferably, the selfing process of the F3-F5 generation in the step 4) comprises the following steps: and (3) single plants are selected for unicast in the previous generation, 2 rows are sown for each single plant, the single plants of the offspring are continuously selected from the single plants with the plant height of 75-90cm, the spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, the spike number of more than or equal to 20, the tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, the thousand seed weight of more than or equal to 40g, the plant type is compact, the color change in the maturing period is good, the uniformity is consistent, the plant lodging resistance and disease resistance are kept, the single plants are harvested, and the single plants are air-dried and stored.
Preferably, F6 generation in the step 4) is selected, and single plants with good agronomic characteristics, plant height of 70-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type, good color transfer in a maturing period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are harvested and stored.
Preferably, the breeding method further comprises the step of carrying out strain identification tests on the obtained high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable strain.
Preferably, the beta-glucan content of the high-quality high-yield and high beta-glucan highland barley stable strain is higher than 6%.
Preferably, the control cultivar comprises a local main cultivar.
The beneficial effects are that:
The invention provides a breeding method of high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley, which comprises the following steps: 1) Hybridizing and harvesting F0 generation by taking sweet beer No. 8 as a female parent and medium glutinous No. 8 as a male parent, and selfing F0 generation to obtain F1 generation plants of sweet beer No. 8 x highland barley medium glutinous No. 8; 2) Taking Gangqing No. 1 as a female parent, taking a F1 generation plant of Gan Pi No. x waxy No. 8 in highland barley as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain F0 generation seeds, and selfing after planting to obtain F1 generation seeds; 3) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 2), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds; 4) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 3), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable plant system. The highland barley variety obtained by the breeding method of the invention has higher beta-glucan content, can reach more than 6 percent, has better and more stable comprehensive properties, the yield is higher than that of Long Qing No. 1 by more than 5%, the lodging resistance and disease resistance are equivalent to those of Long Qing No. 1, and the waxy property is equivalent to that of medium waxy No. 8 (the amylopectin accounts for more than 90% of the total starch).
Detailed Description
The invention provides a breeding method of high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley, which comprises the following steps:
1) Hybridizing and harvesting F0 generation by taking sweet beer No. 8 as a female parent and medium glutinous No. 8 as a male parent, and selfing F0 generation to obtain F1 generation plants of sweet beer No. 8 x highland barley medium glutinous No. 8;
2) Taking Gangqing No. 1 as a female parent, taking a F1 generation plant of Gan Pi No. x waxy No. 8 in highland barley as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain F0 generation seeds, and selfing after planting to obtain F1 generation seeds;
3) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 2), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds;
4) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 3), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable plant system.
Before the breeding, the invention preferably screens high-quality germplasm resources as breeding parents; the agronomic and economic traits in the screening preferably include growth period, plant height, spike length, spike number, thousand seed weight, plant type, color conversion in the mature period, uniformity, plant lodging resistance and disease resistance; finally, the high-quality two-edge high beta-glucan highland barley 'middle waxy No. 8' is obtained by preferably screening, and the high-quality high-yield beer barley 'sweet beer No. 8' and the high-quality high-yield lodging-resistant two-edge highland barley 'long Qing No. 1' which is suitable for mechanized harvest are planted locally; the invention preferably uses 'Zhongnuo No. 8', 'sweet beer No. 8' and 'Long Qing No. 1' as parents to select and breed high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley.
After the breeding parents are obtained, the invention takes sweet beer No. 8 as a female parent and takes medium glutinous No. 8 as a male parent, and F0 generation is obtained through hybridization. The hybridization of the invention preferably comprises artificial hybridization assembly; the artificial hybrid combination preferably comprises emasculation, the number of emasculated ears per plant is preferably 1, and the number of emasculated ears is preferably more than 6 ears, in order to obtain sufficient hybrid seeds. The specific process of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the present invention may be carried out according to conventional emasculation steps in the art. The invention uniformly mixes and harvests the F0 generation hybrid seeds when the hybrid seeds are mature, and air-dries and stores the hybrid seeds.
After the F0 generation is obtained, the seeds of the F0 generation are planted, and F1 generation plants of sweet beer No. 8 x waxy No. 8 in highland barley are obtained through selfing. The planting and selfing process of the invention is not particularly limited, and the planting and selfing process can be performed according to a conventional planting method in the field.
After obtaining the F1 generation plant of Gan Pi # 8 x middle glutinous 8 in highland barley, the invention takes the Qing No. 1 as a female parent, the F1 generation plant of Gan Pi # 8 x middle glutinous 8 in highland barley as a male parent, the F0 generation seeds are obtained by hybridization, and the F1 generation seeds are obtained by selfing after planting. The hybridization of the invention preferably comprises artificial hybridization assembly; the artificial hybrid combination preferably comprises emasculation, the number of emasculated ears per plant is preferably 1, and the number of emasculated ears is preferably more than 10 ears, in order to obtain sufficient hybrid seeds. The F0 generation seeds are uniformly mixed and harvested when mature, and are air-dried and stored.
After the F1 generation seeds are obtained, the F1 generation seeds are sown and selfed to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds. The F1 generation seeds are planted in the field to obtain the F2 generation, a large amount of character separation occurs in the F2 generation, and when the seeds are mature, a large amount of single plants are preferably selected; and the single plants are marked, and the single plant harvesting, the single plant threshing and the single plant air drying preservation are preferably carried out. When the mass traits are separated, preferably selecting single plants with plant height of 75-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand seed weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type and good color transfer in the mature period, and selecting the single plants, namely F2 generation single plant seeds.
After the F2 generation single plant seeds are obtained, the F2 generation single plant seeds are sown and selfed to F6 generation to obtain F6 generation seeds, and then the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable strain is obtained. In the process of selfing F3-F5 generation: preferably, the single plants are selected for unicast in the previous generation, 2 rows are preferably selected for each single plant, the single plants of the offspring are preferably selected from the single plants with the plant height of 75-90cm, the spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, the spike number of more than or equal to 20, the tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, the thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, the plant type is compact, the color change in the mature period is good, the uniformity is consistent, the plant lodging resistance and disease resistance are continuously selected, the single plants are preferably harvested, and the single plants are air-dried and stored. In the F6 generation of the selfing, the single plant with good agronomic characters, plant height of 70-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type, good color transfer in the mature period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance is preferably selected for harvesting and preservation. In the invention, when a single plant is selected, the standard varieties are preferably planted before and after the planted plant lines, and then 2 lines of standard varieties are planted, wherein the standard varieties are preferably father and mother or local dominant varieties; the local dominant variety preferably comprises Ganqing No. 4.
After the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable strain is obtained, the strain with the beta-glucan content higher than 6% is preferably selected from the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable strain for strain identification test.
The strain identification test of the present invention preferably comprises: the method is adopted for arrangement, 3 times of planting are adopted, a comparison cell is added every 10 cells, the comparison varieties are Ganqing No. 4, the cell length is 2.5m, the width is 1.25m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area distance is 0.25m, the walk is 0.5m, the cell area is 3.125m 2, 5 lines of regions are arranged, 250 seeds are sowed in each line, the comprehensive characters are good in hand-hoeing ditching drill sowing selection in the next ten days in 3 months, and the yield is increased by more than 5% compared with the comparison varieties, and strain comparison tests are carried out.
The strain comparison test according to the invention preferably comprises: the method comprises the steps of adopting random block arrangement, planting for 3 times, wherein the cell length is 5.0m, the cell width is 2.5m, the cell width is 10 rows of regions, the row spacing is 0.25m, the region spacing is 0.25m, the area is 12.5m 2, the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, 560 grains are sowed in each row, and the sowing is performed by hand hoeing, ditching and sowing in 18 days of 3 months; the strain with the yield increased by more than 5 percent compared with the control variety is bred to participate in the full-province area test; the control variety is preferably Ganqing No. 4.
The full provincial area test of the present invention preferably comprises: the method adopts random block arrangement, is planted for 3 times, the cell length is 5.0m, the width is 2.5m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area is 12.5m 2, the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, 560 grains are sown in each line, and ditching and sowing are carried out according to the local sowing period.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with examples for further illustrating the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A breeding method of high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley comprises the following steps:
1. Screening high-quality germplasm resources: the method comprises the steps of collecting high-quality highland barley germplasm resources at home and abroad, identifying agronomic characters and economic characters of the highland barley germplasm resources, and carrying out field identification on the agronomic characters and economic characters of the highland barley germplasm resources including growth period, plant height, spike length, spike number, thousand grain weight, plant type, maturity period color conversion, uniformity, plant lodging resistance and disease resistance, screening out high-quality high-beta-glucan highland barley ' Zhongnuo No. 8 ', locally planting high-quality high-yield beer barley ' sweet beer No. 8 ', and high-quality high-yield lodging resistance ' high-yield highland barley ' Longqing No. 1' suitable for mechanical harvest.
2. The sweet beer No. 8 is used as a female parent, the Chinese glutinous No. 8 is used as a male parent, the artificial hybridization is carried out, each plant only needs to be 1 ear when emasculated, more than 6 ears are produced, enough hybrid seeds are obtained, the seeds are uniformly harvested in a mixing way when mature, and the F0-generation hybrid seeds are obtained through air drying and preservation.
3. And planting seeds of F0 generation (sweet beer No. 8. Times. Medium glutinous No. 8) in the field to obtain hybrid seeds of (sweet beer No. 8. Times. Medium glutinous No. 8).
4. And (3) re-crossing, wherein Long Qing No. 1 is used as a female parent, robust and disease-free plants in (sweet beer No. 8 is multiplied by middle glutinous No. 8) hybrid seeds are used as male parent, manual hybridization is carried out, each plant is only used as 1 spike when emasculation is carried out, more than 10 spikes are carried out, enough hybrid seeds are obtained, unified mixing harvesting is carried out when seeds are mature, air drying and preservation are carried out, and the obtained hybrid seeds are F0 generation.
5. F0 generation seeds are planted in the field to obtain F1 generation seeds, and the F1 generation seeds are harvested when the seeds are mature and are air-dried for preservation.
6. F1 generation seeds are planted in the field to obtain F2 generation seeds, and the F2 generation seeds are combined into various standard varieties of Rong Qing No. 1 and 2 rows before and after the F2 generation seeds are combined. And F2, separating a large number of characters, and selecting a large number of single plants when the mature plants are mature. And (5) harvesting the single plants, threshing the single plants, and air-drying and preserving the single plants.
7. F3-F5 generation, sowing 2 lines on each single plant, combining lines 1 and 2 lines of various standard varieties before and after the single plant is selected, harvesting, air-drying and storing the single plants with the height of the offspring plant of 75-90cm, the spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, the spike number of more than or equal to 20, the tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, the thousand seed weight of more than or equal to 40g, the plant type of compact, good color change in the mature period, consistent uniformity, strong plant lodging resistance and strong disease resistance.
8. F6 generation, selecting stable strain with good agronomic shape, plant height of 70-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type, good color transfer in mature period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance, detecting beta-glucan on the stable highland barley strain, and screening strain identification test with beta-glucan content higher than 6%.
9. And selecting a strain with good comprehensive properties and larger yield increase range than that of a control to carry out a strain identification test.
The method is adopted for arrangement, 3 times of planting are adopted, a comparison cell is added every 10 cells, the comparison variety is Ganqing No. 4, the cell length is 2.5m, the width is 1.25m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area distance is 0.25m, the walk is 0.5m, the cell area is 3.125m 2, 5 lines of regions are arranged, 250 seeds are sowed in each line, and the strain with good comprehensive properties and more than 5% yield than the comparison yield is selected by hand hoeing and ditching drill sowing in the next ten days of 3 months is subjected to strain comparison test.
10. And selecting a strain with good comprehensive properties and stable properties and with a larger yield increase range than that of a control in a strain comparison test, and participating in the strain comparison test.
The method comprises the steps of adopting random block arrangement, planting for 3 times, wherein the cell length is 5.0m, the cell width is 2.5m, the cell width is 10 rows of regions, the row spacing is 0.25m, the region spacing is 0.25m, the area is 12.5m 2, the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, 560 grains are sowed in each row, and the sowing is carried out by hoeing with hands for 3 months; and breeding a strain which increases the yield by more than 5 percent compared with the control strain to participate in the full-province area test.
11. Full province area test
The method adopts random block arrangement, is planted for 3 times, the cell length is 5.0m, the width is 2.5m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area is 12.5m 2, the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, 560 grains are sown in each line, and ditching and sowing are carried out according to the local sowing period.
The result shows that the yield of the obtained highland barley variety with high quality, high yield and high beta-glucan is higher than that of Long Qing No. 1; the lodging resistance and disease resistance are equivalent to those of Long Qing No. 1, the waxy property is equivalent to that of medium waxy No. 8 (the amylopectin accounts for more than 90% of the total starch); the content of beta-glucan was 7.7%.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A breeding method of highland barley with high quality, high yield and high beta-glucan is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Hybridizing and harvesting F0 generation by taking sweet beer No. 8 as a female parent and medium glutinous No. 8 as a male parent, and selfing F0 generation to obtain F1 generation plants of sweet beer No. 8 x highland barley medium glutinous No. 8;
2) Taking Gangqing No. 1 as a female parent, taking a F1 generation plant of Gan Pi No. x waxy No. 8 in highland barley as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain F0 generation seeds, and selfing after planting to obtain F1 generation seeds;
3) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 2), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds;
4) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 3), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable plant system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hybridization of step 1) and step 2) comprises a manual hybridization assembly; the artificial hybridization assembly comprises emasculation, and the emasculation spike number of each plant is 1.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the number of tassels in the emasculation in step 1) is 6 or more.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the number of tassels in the emasculation in step 2) is 10 or more.
5. The method for breeding according to claim 1, wherein the F2 generation after the F1 generation seed sowing in step 3) is subjected to trait separation, single plant harvesting and single plant threshing to obtain the F2 generation single plant seed.
6. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the selfing process of the F3-F5 generation of the step 4) comprises: and (3) single plants are selected for unicast in the previous generation, 2 rows are sown for each single plant, the single plants of the offspring are continuously selected from the single plants with the plant height of 75-90cm, the spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, the spike number of more than or equal to 20, the tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, the thousand seed weight of more than or equal to 40g, the plant type is compact, the color change in the maturing period is good, the uniformity is consistent, the plant lodging resistance and disease resistance are kept, the single plants are harvested, and the single plants are air-dried and stored.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein F6 generation in step 4) is selected, and single plants with good agronomic characteristics, plant height of 70-90cm, spike length of not less than 8cm, spike number of not less than 20, tillering rate of not less than 2, thousand seed weight of not less than 40g, compact plant type, good color change in mature period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are harvested and stored.
8. The breeding method according to claim 1, further comprising performing strain identification test on the obtained high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable strain.
9. The breeding method according to claim 8, wherein the beta-glucan content of the high-quality high-yield and high-beta-glucan highland barley stable strain is higher than 6%.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the control cultivar comprises a local main cultivar.
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