CN118000088A - Breeding method of highland barley with two-edge blue grains - Google Patents
Breeding method of highland barley with two-edge blue grains Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000735588 Gaultheria Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013095 identification testing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000014908 Gaultheria leucocarpa var. yunnanensis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 241000244987 Daiswa polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of highland barley with two blue-grain. The breeding method can obtain the highland barley with the two-prism grains, and the highland barley with the two-prism grains has good lodging resistance and good and stable comprehensive properties, and the yield of the bred 917-2 strain is increased by 5.2 percent compared with the local dominant variety Ganqing No. 4.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of highland barley with two blue-grain.
Background
Highland barley mainly produced in Tibet, qinghai, sichuan, yunnan and other places in China contains nutritional ingredients such as protein, fat, starch, vitamin B and the like, has wide medicine and nutritional values, and has the effects of regulating blood sugar, supplementing physical strength, strengthening spleen and nourishing stomach. The highland barley sold in the market at present has a plurality of different varieties, and the highland barley comprises black highland barley, yellow highland barley and blue highland barley according to the color distinction. The unique color and unique flavor of the blue highland barley become a health-preserving food material popular with the masses of people.
However, most of the existing blue highland barley are multi-edge varieties, the lodging resistance is poor, and the overall yield is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a breeding method of the highland barley with the two-prism grains, which can breed the highland barley with the two-prism grains with high yield, and the obtained highland barley with the two-prism grains has lodging resistance and good comprehensive properties.
The invention provides a breeding method of highland barley with two blue granules, which comprises the following steps:
1) Taking Gaultheria yellow as a female parent and CA2-1 as a male parent, and harvesting F0 generation seeds by hybridization;
2) Selfing the F0 generation seeds after planting to obtain F1 generation plants of Gaultheria Yunnanensis X CA 2-1;
3) The Ganlu No.1 is used as a female parent, the F1 generation plant of Ganlihuang XCA 2-1 is used as a male parent, F0 generation seeds are obtained by hybridization,
4) Selfing the F0 generation seeds obtained in the step 3) after planting to obtain F1 generation seeds;
5) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 4), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds;
6) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 5), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the highland barley stable plant line with the two prismatic grains.
Preferably, the hybridization of step 1) and step 3) comprises a manual hybridization assembly; the artificial hybridization assembly comprises emasculation, and the emasculation spike number of each plant is 1.
Preferably, in the step 1), the number of tassels for emasculation is more than 6 tassels.
Preferably, in the step 3), the number of tassels for emasculation is more than 10 tassels.
Preferably, the F2 generation obtained after sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 5) is separated in character, and the biprism seeds are harvested by a single plant.
Preferably, the F3-F5 generation process of the selfing in step 6) comprises: and (3) selecting single plants for unicast in the previous generation, wherein each single plant is 2 rows, two-edge and blue colors are selected for the offspring, the plant height is 75-90cm, the spike length is more than or equal to 8cm, the spike number is more than or equal to 20, the tillering rate is more than or equal to 2, the thousand grain weight is more than or equal to 40g, the plant type is compact, the color change in the maturing period is good, the uniformity is consistent, the single plants with strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are obtained, and the single plants are harvested and air-dried for storage.
Preferably, the F6 generation process of the selfing in step 6) includes: the plant system with stable biprism grains is selected, which has good agronomic shape, plant height of 75-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20 grains, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type, good color transfer in mature period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance.
Preferably, the strain identification test is carried out on the highland barley stable strain with the biprism grain.
Preferably, the strain with good comprehensive properties and more than 5% yield than the control variety is selected for strain comparison test by the strain identification test.
Preferably, the strain with good comprehensive properties and more than 5% yield than the control variety is selected for full-province area test by the strain comparison test.
The beneficial effects are that:
The invention provides a breeding method of highland barley with two blue granules, which comprises the following steps: 1) Taking Gaultheria yellow as a female parent and CA2-1 as a male parent, and harvesting F0 generation seeds by hybridization; 2) Selfing the F0 generation seeds after planting to obtain F1 generation plants of Gaultheria Yunnanensis X CA 2-1; 3) Taking Gangqing No. 1 as a female parent, taking an F1 generation plant of Ganlihuang X CA2-1 as a male parent, hybridizing to obtain an F0 generation seed, 4) planting the F0 generation seed in the step 3), and selfing to obtain an F1 generation seed; 5) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 4), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds; 6) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 5), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the highland barley stable plant line with the two prismatic grains. The breeding method can obtain the highland barley with the two-prism grains, and the highland barley with the two-prism grains has good lodging resistance and good and stable comprehensive properties, and the yield of the bred 917-2 strain is increased by 5.2 percent compared with the local dominant variety Ganqing No. 4.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a breeding method of highland barley with two blue granules, which comprises the following steps:
1) Taking Gaultheria yellow as a female parent and CA2-1 as a male parent, and harvesting F0 generation seeds by hybridization;
2) Selfing the F0 generation seeds after planting to obtain F1 generation plants of Gaultheria Yunnanensis X CA 2-1;
3) The Ganlu No.1 is used as a female parent, the F1 generation plant of Ganlihuang XCA 2-1 is used as a male parent, F0 generation seeds are obtained by hybridization,
4) Selfing the F0 generation seeds obtained in the step 3) after planting to obtain F1 generation seeds;
5) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 4), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds;
6) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 5), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the highland barley stable plant line with the two prismatic grains.
Before the breeding, the invention preferably screens high-quality germplasm resources as breeding parents; the agronomic and economic traits in the screening preferably include growth period, plant height, spike length, spike number, thousand seed weight, plant type, color conversion in the mature period, uniformity, plant lodging resistance and disease resistance; the screening was performed by field identification. Finally, screening to obtain a highland barley variety 'Ganli yellow', a highland barley with two edges, lodging resistance and high quality skin and barley 'CA 2-1', a highland barley with two edges 'Ganliqing No. 1' which is high in quality, high in yield and lodging resistance and suitable for mechanized harvesting; the invention preferably uses 'Ganlihuang', 'CA 2-1' and 'Long Qing No. 1' as parents to select and breed the highland barley with the two blue grains.
After the breeding parents are obtained, F0 generation seeds are obtained through hybridization by taking the paris polyphylla as a female parent and taking the CA2-1 as a male parent. The hybridization of the invention preferably comprises artificial hybridization assembly; the artificial hybrid combination preferably comprises emasculation, the number of emasculated ears per plant is preferably 1, and the number of emasculated ears is preferably more than 6 ears, in order to obtain sufficient hybrid seeds. The specific process of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the present invention may be carried out according to conventional emasculation steps in the art. The invention uniformly mixes and harvests the F0 generation hybrid seeds when the hybrid seeds are mature, and air-dries and stores the hybrid seeds.
After the F0 generation seeds are obtained, the F0 generation seeds are planted, and F1 generation plants of Gaultheria X CA2-1 are obtained through selfing. The planting and selfing process of the invention is not particularly limited, and the planting and selfing process can be performed according to a conventional planting method in the field.
After the F1 generation plant of the Gaultheria flavicans X CA2-1 is obtained, the Gaultheria flavicans X CA2-1 is used as a female parent, and the F1 generation plant of the Gaultheria flavicans X CA2-1 is used as a male parent, and F0 generation seeds are obtained through hybridization. The hybridization of the invention preferably comprises artificial hybridization assembly; the artificial hybrid combination preferably comprises emasculation, the number of emasculated ears per plant is preferably 1, and the number of emasculated ears is preferably more than 10 ears, in order to obtain sufficient hybrid seeds. The F0 generation seeds are uniformly mixed and harvested when mature, and are air-dried and stored.
After the F0 generation seeds are obtained, the F1 generation seeds are obtained by selfing after the F0 generation seeds are planted. The planting process is not particularly limited, and the conventional planting process in the field can be adopted.
After the F1 generation seeds are obtained, the F1 generation seeds are sown and selfed to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds. The F1 generation seeds are planted in the field to obtain the F2 generation, the F2 generation can be separated in character, and when the seeds are mature, a large number of single plants are preferably selected; and the single plants are marked, and the single plant harvesting, the single plant threshing and the single plant air drying preservation are preferably carried out. When the characters are separated, highland barley with the characters of the two-edge blue grain, the two-edge yellow grain, the multi-edge blue grain and the multi-edge yellow grain is preferably generated, and single plants with the characters of the two-edge blue grain are selected, namely the F2 generation single plant seeds.
After the F2 generation single plant seeds are obtained, the invention sows the F2 generation single plant seeds, selfs the seeds to F6 generation to obtain F6 generation seeds, and the two-prism highland barley stable plant line is obtained. In the process of selfing F3-F5 generation: preferably, the single plants are selected for unicast in the previous generation, 2 rows are selected for each single plant, two ridges are selected for the single plants for the subsequent generation, the plant height is 75-90cm, the spike length is more than or equal to 8cm, the spike grain number is more than or equal to 20 grains, the tillering rate is more than or equal to 2, the thousand grain weight is more than or equal to 40g, the plant type is compact, the color change in the maturing period is good, the uniformity is consistent, the plant lodging resistance and disease resistance are selected, the single plants are preferably harvested, and the single plants are air-dried and stored. In the F6 generation of the selfing, the single plant of the diphenhydra has good agronomic property, plant height of 70-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type, good color transfer in mature period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance is preferably selected for harvesting and preserving. In the invention, when a single plant is selected, the standard varieties are preferably planted before and after the planted plant lines, and then 2 lines of standard varieties are planted, wherein the standard varieties are preferably father and mother or local dominant varieties; the local dominant variety preferably comprises Ganqing No. 4.
After the highland barley stable strain with the biprism grain is obtained, the strain identification test is carried out on the highland barley stable strain with the biprism grain.
The strain identification test of the present invention preferably comprises: the method is adopted for arrangement, 3 times of planting are adopted, a comparison cell is added every 10 cells, the comparison variety is Ganqing No. 4, the cell length is 2.5m, the width is 1.25m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area distance is 0.25m, the walk is 0.5m, the cell area is 3.125m 2, 5 lines of regions are arranged, 250 seeds are sowed in each line, and a strain which has good comprehensive characters and has a yield increase range of more than 5% compared with the comparison is selected by hand hoeing and ditching in the next ten days in 3 months is subjected to strain comparison test.
The strain comparison test according to the invention preferably comprises: the method comprises the steps of adopting random block arrangement, planting for 3 times, wherein the cell length is 5.0m, the width is 2.5m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area is 12.5m 2, the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, 560 grains are sown in each row, and the sowing is carried out by hand hoeing, ditching and sowing in the late 3 months; selecting a strain with the yield increased by more than 5 percent compared with a control variety to participate in a full-province area test; the control variety is preferably Ganqing No. 4.
The full provincial area test of the present invention preferably comprises: the method adopts random block arrangement, is planted for 3 times, has a cell length of 5.0m, a cell width of 2.5m, a cell width of 10 rows of regions, a cell spacing of 0.25m and an area of 12.5m 2, and is characterized in that the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, and 560 grains are sowed in each row according to the ditching and sowing of a local sowing period.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with examples for further illustrating the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A breeding method of a highland barley with two blue grains comprises the following steps:
1. Screening high-quality germplasm resources: the quality highland barley germplasm resources at home and abroad are collected, and the agronomic characters and economic characters of the highland barley germplasm resources are identified, including the growth period, plant height, spike length, spike number, thousand seed weight, plant type, color change in the mature period, uniformity, plant lodging resistance and disease resistance are identified in the field. Screening out highland barley variety 'Ganlihuang', second-edge, anti-fall and high-quality barleys 'CA 2-1' in Gansu province and places with multiple-edge blue grains.
2. Taking Gaultheria yellow as a female parent and CA2-1 as a male parent, manually hybridizing and combining, only making 1 ear per plant during emasculation, making more than 6 ears, obtaining enough hybrid seeds, uniformly mixing and harvesting F0 generation seeds when seeds are mature, and air-drying and preserving.
3. Planting F0 generation seeds of (Gaultheria Yunnanensis X CA 2-1) in the field to obtain the hybrid seeds of (Gaultheria Yunnanensis X CA 2-1).
4. And (3) re-crossing, namely, carrying out long-green No. 1 female parent, taking a robust disease-free plant in the (Ganlihuang×CA 2-1) hybrid as a male parent, carrying out artificial hybridization assembly, only making 1 ear per plant when emasculating, making more than 10 ears per plant, obtaining enough hybrid seeds, uniformly mixing and harvesting when seeds are mature, and carrying out air-drying preservation, wherein the harvested hybrid seeds are F0 generation.
5. F0 generation seeds are planted in the field to obtain F1 generation seeds, and the F1 generation seeds are harvested when the seeds are mature and are air-dried for preservation.
6. F1 generation seeds are planted in the field to obtain F2 generation seeds, and the F2 generation seeds are combined into various standard varieties of Rong Qing No. 1 and 2 rows before and after the F2 generation seeds are combined. F2 generation is largely separated into highland barley with characteristics of bi-prismatic blue grain, bi-prismatic yellow grain, multi-prismatic blue grain and multi-prismatic yellow grain; when the seeds are mature, a large number of the individual plants with the two prismatic colors are selected, marked, harvested, threshed and air-dried. And (5) simultaneously carrying out selection marking on other high-quality character single plants, and harvesting, threshing and air-drying and preserving the single plants.
7. F3-F5 generation, sowing 2 rows for each single plant, combining 2 rows of various standard varieties before and after the single plant is selected, selecting two-edge, blue, 75-90cm in plant height, more than or equal to 8cm in spike length, more than or equal to 20 spike grain number, more than or equal to 2 tillering rate, more than or equal to 40g in thousand grain weight, compact plant type, good color conversion in a maturing period, consistent uniformity, and harvesting, air-drying and preserving single plants with strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance.
8. F6, selecting a blue biprism highland barley, performing multi-generation selfing selection, selecting a biprism stable strain with good agronomic shape, plant height of 75-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type, good color transfer in a mature period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance, and performing a strain identification test.
9. And selecting a strain with good comprehensive properties and larger yield increase range than that of a control to carry out a strain identification test.
The method is adopted for arrangement, 3 times of planting are adopted, a comparison cell is added every 10 cells, the comparison variety is Ganqing No. 4, the cell length is 2.5m, the width is 1.25m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area distance is 0.25m, the walk is 0.5m, the cell area is 3.125m 2, 5 lines of regions are arranged, 250 seeds are sowed in each line, and a strain which has good comprehensive characters and has a yield increase range of more than 5% compared with the comparison is selected by hand hoeing and ditching in the next ten days in 3 months is subjected to strain comparison test.
10. And selecting a strain with good comprehensive properties and stable properties and with a larger yield increase range than that of a control in a strain comparison test, and participating in the strain comparison test.
The method comprises the steps of adopting random block arrangement, planting for 3 times, wherein the cell length is 5.0m, the width is 2.5m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area is 12.5m 2, the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, 560 grains are sown in each row, and the sowing is carried out by hand hoeing, ditching and sowing in the late 3 months; and selecting a strain with the yield increased by more than 5% compared with a control strain to participate in a full-province area test.
11. Full province area test
The method adopts random block arrangement, is planted for 3 times, the cell length is 5.0m, the width is 2.5m, the line spacing is 0.25m, the area is 12.5m & lt 2& gt, the sowing quantity is calculated according to 25 ten thousand grains/mu, 560 grains are sown in each row, furrows and broadcasting are carried out according to the local sowing period, the obtained 917-2 strain is the biprism blue grain, and the yield is increased by 5.2 percent compared with that of the control Ganqing No. 4.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The breeding method of the highland barley with the two prismatic particles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Taking Gaultheria yellow as a female parent and CA2-1 as a male parent, and harvesting F0 generation seeds by hybridization;
2) Selfing the F0 generation seeds after planting to obtain F1 generation plants of Gaultheria Yunnanensis X CA 2-1;
3) The Ganlu No.1 is used as a female parent, the F1 generation plant of Ganlihuang XCA 2-1 is used as a male parent, F0 generation seeds are obtained by hybridization,
4) Selfing the F0 generation seeds obtained in the step 3) after planting to obtain F1 generation seeds;
5) Sowing the F1 generation seeds in the step 4), and selfing to obtain F2 generation single plant seeds;
6) Sowing the F2 generation single plant seeds in the step 5), and selfing to F6 generation to obtain the highland barley stable plant line with the two prismatic grains.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hybridization of step 1) and step 3) comprises a manual hybridization assembly; the artificial hybridization assembly comprises emasculation, and the emasculation spike number of each plant is 1.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the number of tassels in the emasculation in step 1) is 6 or more.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the number of tassels in the emasculation in step 3) is 10 or more.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the F2 generation obtained after the F1 generation seeds are sown in the step 5) is subjected to character separation, and the seeds of the biprism are harvested by a single plant.
6. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the selfing F3-F5 generation process of step 6) comprises: and (3) selecting single plants for unicast in the previous generation, wherein each single plant is 2 rows, two-edge and blue colors are selected for the offspring, the plant height is 75-90cm, the spike length is more than or equal to 8cm, the spike number is more than or equal to 20, the tillering rate is more than or equal to 2, the thousand grain weight is more than or equal to 40g, the plant type is compact, the color change in the maturing period is good, the uniformity is consistent, the single plants with strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance are obtained, and the single plants are harvested and air-dried for storage.
7. The method of claim 1 or 6, wherein the F6 generation process of the selfing of step 6) comprises: the plant system with stable biprism grains is selected, which has good agronomic shape, plant height of 75-90cm, spike length of more than or equal to 8cm, spike number of more than or equal to 20 grains, tillering rate of more than or equal to 2, thousand grain weight of more than or equal to 40g, compact plant type, good color transfer in mature period, consistent uniformity, strong lodging resistance and strong disease resistance.
8. The breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the strain identification test is performed on the highland barley stable strain with the biprism grain.
9. The breeding method according to claim 8, wherein the strain with good comprehensive properties and increased yield by more than 5% than that of the control strain is selected for the strain comparison test by the strain identification test.
10. The breeding method according to claim 9, wherein the strain with good comprehensive properties and increased yield by more than 5% than that of the control strain is selected for full-province area test by the strain comparison test.
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