CN114027175B

CN114027175B - Method for cultivating high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line

Info

Publication number: CN114027175B
Application number: CN202111419636.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宁东; 邵桥; 荣辉
Original assignee: Ningbo Weimeng Seed Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Weimeng Seed Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-26
Filing date: 2021-11-26
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-26
Also published as: CN114027175A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for cultivating a high-saccharine peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line, which is characterized in that a green tomato is used as a female parent, a tomato with excellent quality is used as a recurrent male parent, technical means such as hybridization, inbreeding, backcross, separation selection and the like are carried out for gene recombination, a new green tomato germplasm resource is cultivated, and a new breeding approach is provided for the creation of the green tomato germplasm resource.

Description

Method for cultivating high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tomato cultivation, in particular to a method for cultivating a high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line.

Background

Tomatoes are crops of both vegetables and fruits, are widely planted worldwide and are well liked by people. The tomato has rich fruit color, the tomatoes sold in the market mainly take red and yellow as main materials and take green, brown and the like as auxiliary materials, wherein the green tomatoes have the characteristics of low content of soluble solids, hard mouthfeel and thick peel. At present, the germplasm resources of green tomatoes are rare, the green tomato varieties on the market are mostly formed by conventional varieties or mutation, and the first generation hybrid varieties have poor quality due to resource limitation, and the loss of the germplasm resources, the variety degradation and other adverse effects are easily caused over time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating a high-sugar thin green tomato inbred line, which takes green tomatoes as female parents and tomatoes with good quality as recurrent male parents to carry out multiple backcross and inbred separation, thereby cultivating the high-sugar green tomato with high soluble solid content and thin peel.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for cultivating a high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, selecting high-quality tomatoes 'A' as male parents and green tomatoes 'B' as female parents, and hybridizing to obtain F1-generation seeds;

step two, field planting in the next season, performing individual plant selfing, violently separating characters, sorting according to comprehensive indexes of sugar degree and skin thinness and slag reduction, selecting the first 10 plants, mixing and harvesting to obtain F2 generation seeds;

it is worth integrating that in the second step, the selfed single plant has no requirement, does not need human intervention, and fruit setting naturally.

And step three, sowing seeds of F2 generation in the next season, carrying out natural fruit setting, sorting the first 3 green tomato plants according to comprehensive indexes of sugar content and skin thinness and residue when fruits are ripe, taking the green tomato plants as female parents, and backcrossing the green tomato plants with high-quality tomatoes A to obtain seeds of BC1F1 generation.

It is worth integrating, in the third step, if the green tomato meeting the excellent quality index appears, then 5-7 generations of selfing homozygosis is carried out, and then the green tomato selfing line with stable and consistent sugar degree, skin thickness, color and agronomic characters is selected.

And step four, sowing seeds of BC1F1 generation in the next season, performing individual plant selfing, performing intensive character separation, sorting according to comprehensive indexes of sugar content and thin skin and slag, and selecting the first 10 plants for mixed seed harvest to obtain seeds of BC1F2 generation.

It is worth integrating that in the fourth step, the selfed single plant has no requirement, does not need human intervention, the natural fruit setting.

And fifthly, sowing BC1F2 seeds in the next season, carrying out natural fruit setting, sorting the seeds according to comprehensive indexes of sugar degree and skin thickness and less residue when the fruits are ripe, selecting the first 3 green tomato plants as female parents, and backcrossing the green tomato plants with high quality and tomato A again to obtain BC2F1 seeds.

And in the fifth step, if green tomatoes meeting the high-quality indexes appear, carrying out 5-7 generations of selfing homozygosis, and selecting a green tomato selfing line with stable and consistent sugar degree, skin thickness, color and agronomic shape from the selfing line.

And step six, sowing seeds of BC2F1 generation in the next season, performing single plant selfing, performing intensive character separation, sorting according to comprehensive indexes of sugar content and skin thickness and less slag, and selecting the first 10 plants for mixed seed harvest to obtain seeds of BC2F2 generation.

And (5) worth integrating, in the step six, the selfed single plants have no requirements, artificial interference is not needed, and fruit setting is naturally carried out.

And seventhly, sowing seeds of BC2F2 generation in the next season, performing individual plant selfing, violently separating characters, selecting green tomato individual plants with excellent agronomic characters from the seeds according to excellent quality indexes when fruits are ripe, performing selfing seed reservation, performing 5-7 generation selfing homozygosis on the selfed seeds, and selecting a green tomato selfing line with stable and consistent sugar degree, skin thickness, color and agronomic characters from the selfed lines.

Further, in the invention, the planting conditions of the tomatoes are as follows: selecting plants with five leaves and one heart for field planting, wherein the temperature at night during the field planting period cannot be lower than 10 ℃.

Further, in the invention, the planting conditions of the tomatoes are as follows: selecting five leaves and one core plant for field planting, and field planting in an arch shed, wherein the temperature in the arch shed is more than 10 ℃.

Further, in the invention, the sugar degree of the tomato is the content of soluble solids, and is measured by a handheld refractometer.

It is worth to be integrated that, in the invention, the standard for judging the excellent quality of the tomatoes is as follows:

1. the sugar degree of the small tomatoes is more than 9 degrees, and the weight of a single small tomato is 15-25g;

2. the sugar degree of the big tomatoes exceeds 6 degrees, and the weight of a single big tomato is 100-200g;

3. the thin skin and less slag.

Further, in the invention, the tomato thin skin and slag are evaluated by 10 groups, the 10 groups score and rank after tasting and eating, and the tomatoes with thin skin and slag are selected, wherein the standard of slag is that no residue exists in the mouth after eating, the standard of thin skin is that no residue is discharged after eating, and no pericarp residue exists in the mouth.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the method for cultivating the high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line provided by the invention utilizes the existing germplasm resources to carry out gene recombination through technical means such as hybridization, backcross, inbreeding, separation selection and the like, creates a variety with excellent quality, and provides a new method for cultivating the germplasm resources of green tomatoes, thereby providing a new breeding approach for the creation of the germplasm resources of the green tomatoes.

2. According to the method for cultivating the high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line, germplasm resources of the green tomato inbred line cultivated by the method have genotypes different from those of the existing green varieties, and new green tomato hybrid seeds can be cultivated by using the germplasm resources as parent materials, so that heterosis can be fully embodied.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of tomato male parent, zhejiang cherry powder No. 1 tomato, selected in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is a diagram of a tomato mother plant, a green pearl tomato;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a tomato of "ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S-5-3-2-6-1-2-1" number, which is a inbred green tomato line cultivated according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a tomato of "ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S-10-3-4-5-2-3-1" as a number, which is a inbred green tomato line cultivated according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, which are only exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

The embodiment is as follows:

a method for cultivating a high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line comprises the following specific steps:

the method comprises the following steps:

in autumn of 2014, zhejiang cherry powder No. 1 is selected as a male parent, green tomatoes 'B' are selected as female parents, and hybridization is carried out to obtain F1 generation seeds, wherein the number of the F1 generation seeds is ZY/LZ.

Wherein, zhejiang cherry powder No. 1 is introduced into Zhejiang agriculture, inc., as shown in figure 1, it is numbered ZY, and it is of infinite growth type, precocious, strong fruiting force, and high yield; specifically, the cherry tomato type is round, the weight of a single fruit is about 18g, the mature fruit is pink, the meat is soft and tender, the skin is thin and the taste is strong, and the content of soluble solids can reach 10 degrees to the maximum.

The green pearl is introduced into Youguang Youxin breed limited company, as shown in figure 2, the serial number of the green pearl is LZ, the green pearl is of infinite growth type, the fruiting force is strong, and the yield is high; specifically, the fruits are round, the weight of a single fruit is about 30g, the ripe fruit is green, the taste is hard and crisp, the transportation is resistant, and the content of soluble solids can reach 6 degrees at most.

Step two:

in 2015, 100F 1 (ZY/LZ) seeds are planted on Ningbo farms in spring, and the plants are individually selfed without human intervention and naturally fruit set. The characters of the maturity, the plant height, the fruit setting and the like are separated violently, the plants with the sugar degree higher than the sugar degree and less than the bark and thin residue are selected according to the comprehensive index sequence, the first 10 plants with the sugar degree higher than the sugar degree and less than the bark and thin residue are mixed and harvested to obtain F2 generation seeds, and the serial number of the F2 generation seeds is ZY/LZ-S.

In the embodiment, at the time of field planting, five-leaf and one-heart plants are selected for field planting, and the temperature at night during the field planting cannot be lower than 10 ℃.

More preferably, in the embodiment, during planting, five-leaf and one-heart plants are selected for planting, and planting is performed in an arch shed, wherein the temperature in the arch shed is more than 10 ℃.

It is worth noting that in this example, the sugar content of the tomatoes was measured by a hand-held refractometer.

It is worth integrating that in this example, the ranking of the tomato skin with less residue is evaluated by 10 groups, and the 10 groups are ranked after tasting the test eating, and the tomatoes without residue in mouth and without peel residue after eating are selected.

Step three:

in autumn of 2015, 200 seeds of F2 (ZY/LZ-S) generation were sown in Fujian farm and were individually selfed. When the fruits are ripe, sorting according to comprehensive indexes of sugar degree and skin thinness and residue reduction, selecting the first 3 green tomato plants, backcrossing the green tomato plants serving as female parents with a male parent (ZY) of Zhejiang cherry No. 1 to obtain BC1F1 generation seeds, wherein the serial number of the seeds is ZY/LZ-S// LZ.

It is worth to be integrated that, in this step, no green tomato inbred line with stable and consistent sugar content, thin peel, color and agronomic characters is found.

Step four:

in 2016, 100 seeds were sown in BC1F1 (ZY/LZ-S// LZ) on Ningbo farm, and the plants were selfed without human intervention and fruit set. The characters of the maturity, the plant height, the fruit setting and the like are separated violently, the plants with the sugar degree higher than the sugar degree and less bark and thin residue are selected according to the comprehensive index sequence of the sugar degree and less bark and thin residue, the first 10 plants with the sugar degree higher than the sugar degree and less bark and thin residue are mixed and harvested to obtain BC1F2 generation seeds, and the serial number of the seeds is ZY/LZ-S'.

Step five:

in the autumn of 2016, 200 seeds were sown in the Fujian farm at the BC1F2 (ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S') generation and selfed individually. When the fruits are ripe, sorting the first 3 green tomato plants according to comprehensive indexes of sugar degree and skin thinness and residue reduction, backcrossing the first 3 green tomato plants serving as female parents with a male parent (ZY) of Zhejiang cherry No. 1 to obtain BC2F1 generation seeds, wherein the serial number of the seeds is ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ.

It is worth one thing, in this step, no green tomato inbred line with stable and consistent sugar content, thin skin, color and agronomic characters is found.

Step six:

in the spring of 2017, 100 seeds of BC2F1 (ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ) generation were sown in Ningbo farm, and the individual plants were selfed without human intervention and fruit setting was performed naturally. The shapes of maturity, plant height, fruit setting and the like are severely separated. And (4) selecting the first 10 plants with high sugar degree and less thin peel residues according to the comprehensive index sequence of sugar degree and less thin peel residues, and mixing and harvesting to obtain BC2F2 generation seeds with the serial number of ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S.

Step seven:

in autumn of 2017, 200 BC2F2 (ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S) generation seeds are sown on a Fujian farm, character separation such as maturity, growth vigor, fruit shape, fruit setting property and the like is found through investigation in a fruit maturity period, 15 green tomato plants are selected according to comprehensive indexes of sugar degree and skin thinness and residue reduction, and selfing seeds are obtained.

2 stable high sugar skin thin residue less green tomato inbred lines are obtained by continuous inbred for 6 generations in 1 month to 2020 and 12 months in 2018, which are respectively 'ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S-5-3-2-6-1-2-1' and 'ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S-10-3-4-5-2-3-1', as shown in attached figure 3 and attached figure 4.

Wherein, the self-bred line ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S-5-3-2-6-1-2-1 has the main characteristic characteristics that: unlimited growth type, green round fruit in the mature period, single fruit weight of 20g, soluble solid content of 9 degrees, thin peel and less residue. The plant height is 140cm (from the ground to the fourth ear height), the 8 th-9 th leaf of the main stem grows the first inflorescence, the second return pinnate compound leaf has green leaf color, the inflorescence type is mainly a multi-branch inflorescence, and the flower is yellow.

The self-bred line ZY/LZ-S// LZ-S// LZ-S-10-3-4-5-2-3-1 has the main characteristic characteristics that: infinite growth type, green short oval fruit in mature period, single fruit weight of 13g, soluble solid content of 9.6 degree, thin peel and less residue. The plant height is 140cm (from the ground to the fourth ear height), the 9 th to 10 th leaves of the main stem grow the first inflorescence, the second time of the pinnate compound leaves, the leaves are green, the inflorescence type is mainly the multi-branch inflorescence, and the flower is yellow.

Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating a high-sugar-peel thin green fruit tomato inbred line is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, hybridizing by taking tomato Zhejiang cherry powder No. 1 as a male parent and green tomato green pearl as a female parent to obtain F1 generation seeds;

step two, field planting in the next season, selfing of single plants, selecting the first 10 plants with high sugar degree, thin peel and less residue, and mixing and harvesting to obtain F2 generation seeds;

step three, sowing seeds of F2 generation in the next season, naturally bearing fruits, selecting the first 3 green tomato plants with high sugar degree, thin skin and less residue as female parents, and backcrossing the female parents with tomato Zhejiang cherry powder No. 1 to obtain seeds of BC1F1 generation;

step four, sowing seeds of BC1F1 generation in the next season, performing single plant selfing, selecting the first 10 plants with high sugar degree, thin skin and less residue, and performing mixed seed harvest to obtain seeds of BC1F2 generation;

step five, sowing BC1F2 seeds in the next season, naturally bearing fruits, selecting the first 3 green tomato plants with high sugar degree, thin skin and less residue as female parents, and backcrossing with tomato Zhejiang cherry powder No. 1 to obtain BC2F1 seeds;

step six, sowing seeds of BC2F1 generation in the next season, performing single plant selfing, selecting the first 10 plants with high sugar degree, thin skin and less residue, and performing mixed seed harvest to obtain seeds of BC2F2 generation;

and seventhly, sowing seeds of BC2F2 generation in the next season, performing single plant selfing, selecting green tomato single plant selfing seeds with excellent agronomic characters, performing 5-7 generation selfing homozygosis on the selfing seeds, and selecting a green tomato selfing line with high sugar degree, thin skin, less slag, stable and consistent color and agronomic characters.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the third step or the fifth step, green tomatoes with excellent quality are found, the seeds are reserved by single plant selfing, and after 5-7 generations of selfing homozygosis is carried out on the selfed seeds, a green tomato selfing line with high sugar degree, thin skin, less residue, stable color and consistent agronomic characters is selected.

3. The method of breeding the high-glycemic thin green fruit tomato inbred line of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the planting condition of the tomatoes is that plants with five leaves and one heart are selected for planting, and the temperature at night in the planting period cannot be lower than 10 ℃.

4. The method of breeding the high-glycemic thin green fruit tomato inbred line of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the field planting condition of the tomatoes is that five-leaf and one-heart plants are selected for field planting and field planting is carried out in an arched shed, and the temperature in the arched shed is higher than 10 ℃.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the sugar content of the tomatoes was determined by a handheld refractometer.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the tomato is of good quality as a small tomato having a sugar degree of more than 9 degrees; the sugar degree of the big tomatoes exceeds 6 degrees; the skin is thin and the slag is little.