CN117064048B - 一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆及其制备方法,一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,包括新鲜斑兰汁、山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶,其中,A组分是白砂糖、葡萄糖浆中的一种或其混合物,B组分是斑兰冻干粉、斑兰提取物中的一种。一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的制备方法在于采用球磨工艺将新鲜斑兰汁、山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶球磨2~3h后,巴氏灭菌得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆。本申请提供的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆不含防腐剂,能够抑制微生物生长,适合常温保存,生产工艺简便,外观气味俱佳,最大程度的保留了斑兰叶的风味。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,尤其是涉及一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆及其制备方法。
背景技术
斑兰叶,又名斑斓叶、香兰叶,为露兜树科(Pandanaceae)露兜树属(Pandanus)热带香料作物,是东南亚应用广泛的植物香料。将新鲜的斑兰叶榨取成汁,再加入食物中,可以为食物提供独特的香气,且天然无害。斑兰叶不仅具有清新淡雅的独特香气,而且还含有角鲨烯、甾醇、不饱和脂肪酸等多种活性物质,具有很好的营养价值。近年,斑兰叶作为地方特色食品原料在海南,广东等地区得到大力倡导。由于鲜榨斑兰汁不易保存,目前斑兰叶的加工方式主要是将斑兰叶鲜叶干燥粉碎做成斑兰粉。
斑兰粉的加工技术有烘干、微波干燥和冻干等干燥方式,前两者干燥过程由于加温受热原因,不可避免的会造成斑兰叶颜色、风味及活性物质的损失;冷冻干燥虽然干燥温度较低,斑兰粉的品质相对好些,但设备投资大,能耗高,时间长,生产效率太低。尽管公知新鲜斑兰叶榨汁的加工方式最佳,但斑兰叶鲜榨汁常温放置容易分层、褪色、变味和污染,冷藏保存仅能稍微延长变味时间,仍然存在分层、褪色问题。因此,难以实现斑兰鲜榨汁的工业化,还存在改进空间。
发明内容
为了进一步实现斑兰鲜榨汁的工业化,本申请提供一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆及其制备方法。本申请提供的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆不含防腐剂,能够抑制微生物生长,适合常温保存,生产工艺简便,外观气味俱佳,最大程度的保留了斑兰叶的风味。
第一方面,本申请提供的一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,采用如下的技术方案:
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,包括以下质量份数的组分:
其中,所述A组分是白砂糖、葡萄糖浆中的一种或其混合物;
所述B组分是斑兰冻干粉、斑兰提取物中的一种。
上述技术方案中,新鲜斑兰汁、山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶以上述特定比例的复配,相互协同作用增加了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的风味层次感,最大程度的保留斑兰叶的独特香气,完美掩盖斑兰叶的苦味,形成了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的独特风味和口感,进一步提高了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的大众接受度,尤其是不能忍受“苦味儿”的人群的接受度。
山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶的复配能够有效地钝化鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆中酶的活性和抑制鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆中微生物的生长,将鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆稠度调节到恰到好处,鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆更好地锁住水分,斑兰浆料更加稳定地悬浮于鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的体系中,鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆体系的致密性进一步隔绝了外界氧气,避免了斑兰汁内活性物质的氧化,在避免添加防腐剂的同时最大程度的保证鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆能够常温稳定保存,改善了斑兰汁常温保存时容易褪色、分层、变质的缺陷,便于鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的商业化生产和长途运输售卖,具有经济价值。
本申请将斑兰冻干粉、斑兰提取物作为B组分的一种,能够协同配合山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶,进一步还原、提升鲜榨斑兰汁的斑兰风味,进一步减少了鲜榨斑兰汁在制备过程中乃至运输储藏过程中的风味损失,更有利于鲜榨斑兰汁的商业化生产。
优选的,鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆包括以下质量份数的组分:
按照上述比例复配的各组分之间能够更好地相互协同,提高鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的体系稳定性,进一步抑制鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆内微生物的生长,延长鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的保质期。
优选的,所述A组分是白砂糖。
优选的,所述B组分是斑兰冻干粉。
上述技术方案中,山梨糖醇具有清凉的甜味,为低热值甜味剂;白砂糖为食糖的一种,是最常用的甜味剂之一,黄原胶是一种作用广泛的微生物外包多糖,是常见的食品添加剂;山梨糖醇、白砂糖、黄原胶三者复配能更好地发挥协同作用,不仅更长时间地保持鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的翠绿色,更好地克服了斑兰汁容易褪色的缺陷,进一步地将鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的风味口感调和到了一个优秀的状态,使得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆具有了更佳的食用体验。
第二方面,本申请提供鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的制备方法采用如下的技术方案:
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1.将新鲜斑兰叶清洗干净后榨汁,得新鲜斑兰汁;
2.将新鲜斑兰汁与山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶混合均匀并球磨2~3h,巴氏灭菌后得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中的球磨转速为1200-1500r/min。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中新鲜斑兰汁的巴氏灭菌参数为:80~85℃,灭菌10~15min。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中先将斑兰叶切碎成1~2cm的碎段再榨汁。
上述技术方案中,舍弃传统的净化处理,直接将新鲜榨取的斑兰汁与其他组分混合,采用球磨工艺对斑兰汁进行处理,不仅使得制备的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆在最大程度上保留了植物纤维营养物质,还使得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的口感更加细腻顺滑,各组分间分散得更加均匀,斑兰汁浓浆体系更加稳定。
本申请选择先将斑兰叶切碎成1~2cm的碎段再榨汁,在保证斑兰叶纤维不影响榨汁的前提下,更好的减少了斑兰叶纤维在榨汁过程中的损伤。
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
1.新鲜斑兰汁、山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶以上述特定比例的复配,相互协同作用增加了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的风味层次感,最大程度的保留斑兰叶的独特香气,完美掩盖斑兰叶的苦味,形成了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的独特风味和口感,进一步提高了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的大众接受度,尤其是不能忍受“苦味儿”的人群的接受度。
2.山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶的复配还有效地钝化鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆中酶的活性和抑制鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆中微生物的生长,将鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆稠度调节到恰到好处,鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆更好地锁住水分,斑兰浆料更加稳定地悬浮于鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的体系中,鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆体系的致密性进一步隔绝了外界氧气,避免了斑兰汁内活性物质的氧化,在避免添加防腐剂的同时最大程度的保证鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆能够常温稳定保存,改善了斑兰汁常温保存时容易褪色、分层、变质的缺陷,便于鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的商业化生产和长途运输售卖,具有经济价值。
3.山梨糖醇、白砂糖、黄原胶三者复配能更好地发挥协同作用,不仅更长时间地保持鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的翠绿色,更好地克服了斑兰汁容易褪色的缺陷,还将鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的风味口感调和到了一个优秀的状态,使得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆具有了更佳的食用体验。
附图说明
图1:实施例3和对比例6的鲜榨斑兰汁分别常温密封放置0h和72h后的状态图。
具体实施方式
为更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
除另有说明的外,本发明中用到的各种原材料及机械设备均来源于市售。
实施例1
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,包括1000g新鲜斑兰汁、50g山梨糖醇、500g A组分、25g B组分、9.5g黄原胶。
其中,A组分是白砂糖和葡萄糖浆的混合物。
其中,白砂糖和葡萄糖浆的质量比为5:1。
其中,B组分是斑兰提取物。
其中,鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将新鲜斑兰叶清洗干净后切碎成1cm碎段,榨汁,得新鲜斑兰汁;
(2)直接将步骤(1)中的新鲜斑兰汁与山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶混合,在1500r/min的转速下球磨2h,进行巴氏灭菌(灭菌参数为85℃,10min)后得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆。
实施例2
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例1不同的是,包括800g新鲜斑兰汁、100g山梨糖醇、700gA组分、50g B组分、2.5g黄原胶。
其中,A组分是白砂糖和葡萄糖浆的混合物。
其中,白砂糖和葡萄糖浆的质量比为3:1。
其中,B组分是斑兰冻干粉。
其中,鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将新鲜斑兰叶清洗干净后切碎成2cm碎段,榨汁,得新鲜斑兰汁;
(2)直接将步骤(1)中的新鲜斑兰汁与山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶混合,在1200r/min的转速下球磨3h,进行巴氏灭菌(灭菌参数为80℃,15min)后得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆。
实施例3
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例1不同的是,包括500g新鲜斑兰汁、200g山梨糖醇、350gA组分、30g B组分、3g黄原胶。
其中,A组分是白砂糖。
其中,B组分是斑兰冻干粉。
实施例4
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3不同的是,B组分是斑兰提取物。
实施例5
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3不同的是,A组分是葡萄糖浆。
对比例1
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3的区别在于,黄原胶等量替换为卡拉胶。
对比例2
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3的区别在于,山梨糖醇等量替换为麦芽糖醇。
对比例3
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3的区别在于,A组分等量替换为乳糖。
对比例4
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3的区别在于,黄原胶的添加量变为5g。
对比例5
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3的区别在于,黄原胶的添加量变为0.5g。
对比例6
一种鲜榨斑兰汁,与实施例3的区别在于,不添加山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶;
其中,对比例6的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的制备方法为:
将新鲜斑兰叶清洗干净后榨汁,得新鲜斑兰汁,再将新鲜斑兰汁与B组分混合,在1500r/min的转速下球磨2h,进行巴氏灭菌(灭菌参数为85℃,15min)后得鲜榨斑兰汁。
对比例7
一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,与实施例3的区别在于,制备方法为:
将新鲜斑兰叶清洗干净后榨汁,得新鲜斑兰汁,再将新鲜斑兰汁与山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶在1500r/min下混合搅拌5min,进行巴氏灭菌(灭菌参数为85℃,10min)后得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆。
试验
微生物检测:依据GB 4789.2-2022检测菌落总数、依据GB 4789.3-2016检测大肠菌群。
分别检测上述各实施例及对比例的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆刚生产完成即0h时和常温密封放置72h后的菌落总数和大肠菌群,再分别另取刚生产完成的实施例3和对比例6的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,检测0h和0℃密封冷藏72h后的菌落总数和大肠菌群,检测结果见表1。
风味测评:选取10名专业人员对鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的外观、气味、口感进行评分并观测是否分层。
分别对上述刚生产完成即0h的各实施例及对比例的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的外观、气味、口感进行评分并观测是否分层。
再分别取上述刚生产完成即0h的各实施例及对比例的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆各30mL于50mL规格的螺口平底PP管中,在25℃,湿度50%的室内环境下常温密封保存:72h,再分别另取30mL实施例3和对比例6的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆置于50mL规格的螺口平底PP管中,0℃下密封冷藏72h;72h后对上述鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的外观、气味、口感进行评分并观测是否分层,测评结果见表2。
外观评分:
1~2代表色泽呈黄褐色,呈现不均一、分层浓浆;
3~4代表色泽部分呈黄褐色,呈现不均一浓浆;
5~6代表色泽呈翠绿色,呈现粗糙或不均一浓浆;
7~8代表色泽呈翠绿色,呈现细腻浓浆。
气味评分:
1~2代表几乎无斑兰芳香气,带有酸臭味;
3~4代表斑兰芳香气味微弱,带有轻微的酸臭味;
5~6代表斑兰芳香气味清新、浓郁,没有层次感;
7~8代表斑兰芳香气味清新、浓郁,有层次感。
口感评分:
1~2代表带有强烈变质异味;
3~4代表带有变质异味;
5~6代表无变质异味,口感不够细腻,斑兰味浓郁
7~8代表无变质异味,口感细腻,斑兰味浓郁。
分层现象:
无分层代表没有分层,为均一稳定的绿色浓浆;
部分分层代表绿色浓浆出现不均匀的分层现象,但是分界线不明显;
分层代表固状物完全沉淀,有明显分界线。
表1:
表2:
上述测试结果表明,实施例1-5具备良好的抑菌、保色保味效果。
实施例3和对比例1-3的区别在于,对比例1采用卡拉胶等量替换了黄原胶,对比例2采用麦芽糖醇等量替换了山梨糖醇,对比例3采用乳糖等量替换了A组分,对比例1-3的72h后的菌落总数明显高于实施例3,对比例1-3的0h和72h后的外观、气味、口感的风味测评分数也明显低于实施例3;由上述分析可得,山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶的复配具备特殊性,三者缺一不可,三者的复配能够协同钝化鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆中酶的活性和抑制鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆中微生物的生长,保证了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆能够常温稳定保存,改善了斑兰汁常温保存时容易褪色、变味、分层的缺陷。
实施例3和对比例4-5的区别在于,对比例4-5的黄原胶的添加量不在本申请配方范围内,对比例4-5的72h后的菌落总数明显高于实施例3,对比例4-5的72h后的外观、气味、口感的风味测评分数也明显低于实施例3;由上述分析可得,黄原胶的添加量范围具备特殊性,在本申请特定的配方中,黄原胶的添加量只有在0.19~0.3份的范围间,才能够协同配合山梨糖醇、A组分,保证鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的常温稳定保存,改善斑兰汁常温保存时容易褪色、变味、分层的缺陷。
实施例3和对比例6的区别在于,对比例6未添加山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶,对比例6的72h后的微生物检测值明显高于实施例3,对比例6的72h后的风味测评明显低于实施例3,对比例6(冷藏)的72h后的风味测评低于实施例3但是高于对比例6;由上述分析可得,新鲜斑兰汁、山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶的复配,新鲜斑兰汁、山梨糖醇、A组分、黄原胶以上述特定比例的复配,相互协同作用增加了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的风味层次感,最大程度的保留斑兰叶的独特香气,完美掩盖斑兰叶的苦味,形成了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的独特风味和口感,进一步提高了鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的大众接受度。
实施例3和对比例7的区别在于,对比例7未采用球磨方式混合新鲜斑兰汁、山梨糖醇、A组分、B组分、黄原胶,对比例7的72h后的外观、口感均低于实施例3,对比7的72h后出现部分分层现象;由上述分析可得,采用球磨工艺对斑兰汁进行处理,不仅使得制备的鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆在最大程度上保留了植物纤维营养物质,还使得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的口感更加细腻顺滑,各组分间分散得更加均匀,斑兰汁浓浆体系更加稳定,进一步保证鲜榨斑兰汁的良好储藏性。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (4)
1.一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,其特征在于,由以下质量份数的组分:
新鲜斑兰汁: 50~80份;
山梨糖醇: 10~20份;
白砂糖: 35~70份;
斑兰冻干粉: 3~5份;
黄原胶: 0.19~0.3份;
所述鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1:将新鲜斑兰叶清洗干净后榨汁,得新鲜斑兰汁;
步骤2:将新鲜斑兰汁与山梨糖醇、白砂糖、斑兰冻干粉、黄原胶混合均匀并球磨2~3h,巴氏灭菌后得鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,其特征在于,所述步骤2中的球磨转速为1200-1500r/min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,其特征在于,所述步骤2中的巴氏灭菌参数为:80~85℃,灭菌10~15min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种鲜榨斑兰汁浓浆,其特征在于,所述步骤1中先将斑兰叶切碎成1~2cm的碎段再榨汁。
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