CN116949224A - 检测猫消化道病原体的多重pcr试剂盒及应用 - Google Patents
检测猫消化道病原体的多重pcr试剂盒及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及猫消化道病原体检测技术领域,具体涉及检测猫消化道病原体的多重PCR试剂盒及应用。该多重PCR试剂盒包括四种外引物对和四种内引物对,能够构成一个多重PCR反应体系,该反应体系能够有效、协同地扩增出待检测样品中猫消化道病原体:猫细小病毒、猫肠道冠状病毒、猫传染性腹膜炎病毒及猫衣原体的特异性序列,扩增效果准确,灵敏度和重复性高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及猫消化道病原体检测技术领域,具体涉及检测猫消化道病原体的多重PCR试剂盒及应用。
背景技术
猫细小病毒病(Feline panleukopenia)又称猫泛白细胞减少症、猫瘟、猫传染性肠炎,是由猫细小病毒(Feline panleukopenia Virus,FPV)引起的一种急性高度接触性传染病,病猫主要表现为机体内白细胞数量急剧减少,FPV还对猫科动物的消化道系统造成巨大伤害,病猫表现出严重的消化道症状。猫冠状病毒(Feline Corona Virus,FCV)是一种引起猫传染性腹膜炎的病毒,并不是所有的猫换上冠状病毒就一定会得猫传腹,一旦感染病毒,它们就会永远携带病毒,并通过唾液或粪便传染给其他猫;普通的猫冠状病毒通常仅会引起猫消化道疾病,但如果病毒变异后侵入其他器官,就会导致传染性腹膜炎的发生。猫传染性腹膜炎病毒(Feline Infectious Peritonitis,FIP)猫传染性腹膜炎是由冠状病毒变异病毒引起的,5%~10%的冠状病毒患病猫会患上猫传腹。这种病毒可以在冠状病毒出现几周或几年后出现,而且几乎总是致命的。如今有441传腹药可针对性治疗,据说治愈概率95%以上。猫衣原体(Chlamydia, C.felis)同样可以引起其消化道病变。
由于消化道病原种类繁多,易引起混合、并发或继发感染,造成相似的临床症状,难以区分和对症治疗。如何做到快速准确地鉴别病原,是实现精准治疗的前提。目前,胶体金快速诊断试纸是猫科动物临床诊断最常用的方法,但由于胶体金试纸敏感性较低,对早期感染或病原含量低的样品检出率低,不能满足临床高通量、准确的检测需求。因此,建立快速、准确的病原鉴别方法对猫科动物上消化道疾病的防治至关重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种检测猫消化道病原体的多重PCR试剂盒及检测方法,所述的这种检测猫消化道病原体的多重PCR试剂盒及检测方法要解决现有技术中的检测猫消化道病原体的方法灵敏度不高、成本较高、且不能同时检测猫消化道携带的多种病原体的技术问题。
本发明提供一种检测猫消化道病原体的多重PCR试剂盒,包括如下引物:
检测猫细小病毒的如SEQ ID NO.1~2所示的外引物对和如SEQ ID NO.3~4所示的内引物对;
检测猫肠道冠状病毒的如SEQ ID NO.6~7所示的外引物对和如SEQ ID NO.8~9所示的内引物对;
检测猫传染性腹膜炎病毒的如SEQ ID NO.11~12所示的外引物对和如SEQ IDNO.13~14所示的内引物对;
检测猫衣原体的如SEQ ID NO.16~17所示的外引物对和如SEQ ID NO.18~19所示的内引物对;
其中,如SEQ ID NO.1~2所示、如SEQ ID NO.6~7所示、如SEQ ID NO.11~12所示和如SEQ ID NO.16~17所示的外引物对的若干单核苷酸为锁核苷酸。
进一步地,所述试剂盒还包括如SEQ ID NO.5、10、15和20所示的探针。探针5’端连接有荧光基团FAM,3’端连接有淬灭荧光基团TAMRA。
进一步地,所述试剂盒中还包括阳性标准品,所述阳性标准品包括分别携带:
如SEQ IN NO.21所示的猫细小病毒的特异性序列;
如SEQ IN NO.22所示的猫肠道冠状病毒的特异性序列;
如SEQ IN NO.23所示的猫传染性腹膜炎病毒的的特异性序列;
如SEQ IN NO.24所示的猫衣原体的特异性序列的四个重组质粒。
进一步地,所述多重PCR试剂盒可以配制成为一个多重PCR反应体系,所述多重PCR反应体系以100μL计包含:
50μL 2×PCR buffer;
5μL模板;
四种外引物对均为100nM,各2.5μL;
四种内引物对均为100nM,3μL;
余量为PCR所需的Mg2+,dNTP,Taq DNA聚合酶,及无核酸酶水。
进一步地,所述多重PCR试剂盒可以配制成为一个多重PCR反应体系,所述多重PCR反应体系以100μL计包含:
50μL 2×PCR buffer;
5μL模板;
四种外引物对均为100nM,各2.5μL;
四种内引物对均为100nM,)各3μL;
四种探针均为50nM,各1μL;
余量为PCR所需的Mg2+,dNTP,Taq DNA聚合酶,UNG酶,逆转录酶,及无核酸酶水。
本发明提供一种检测猫消化道病原体的方法,包括:
提取猫消化道核酸;
将所述核酸在PCR扩增仪上进行扩增;以及
将所述扩增的产物进行检测;
其中,使用的引物包括:
检测猫细小病毒的如SEQ ID NO.1~2所示的外引物对和如SEQ ID NO.3~4所示的内引物对;
检测猫肠道冠状病毒的如SEQ ID NO.6~7所示的外引物对和如SEQ ID NO.8~9所示的内引物对;
检测猫传染性腹膜炎病毒的如SEQ ID NO.11~12所示的外引物对和如SEQ IDNO.13~14所示的内引物对;
检测猫衣原体的如SEQ ID NO.16~17所示的外引物对和如SEQ ID NO.18~19所示的内引物对。
进一步地,所述核酸在PCR扩增仪上进行扩增的步骤具体包括:
将四种所述外引物对和四种所述内引物对分别加入所述多重PCR反应体系中,进行如下的PCR反应程序:5℃预变性 5 min;95℃变性 15 s,70℃退火 30 s,72℃延伸 40s,循环 15次;95℃变性 15 s,56℃退火 30 s,72℃延伸 15 s,循环40次。
进一步地,所述检测包括对回收所述电泳条带进行纳米孔测序。
进一步地,所述方法还包括向反应体系中加入如SEQ ID NO.21~25所示的探针,并根据扩增产物产生的荧光信号扩增曲线检测猫消化道病毒。
另外,本发明还提供所述的试剂盒在检测猫消化道病原体体外样品中的应用的。
本发明的有益效果在于:采用一个多重PCR反应体系能够有效、协同地扩增出待检测样品中猫消化道病原体:猫细小病毒、猫肠道冠状病毒、猫传染性腹膜炎病毒和猫衣原体的特异性序列,扩增效果准确,灵敏度和重复性高;四组四重引物/探针无交叉污染及干扰,而且使用目前常规的市售实时荧光PCR设备,无须改造,操作方便并节省成本,进一步节约了成本。
附图说明
图1为内、外引物退火温度确立与优化结果;1~7泳道依次为在内引物退火温度确定为53℃,外引物退火温度分别设置为71.0℃、70℃、69℃、67℃、65.0℃、63℃或59℃进行筛选时电泳结果;8~12泳道依次为在外引物退火温度为65℃时,内引物退火温度分别设置为56℃、55℃、54℃、53℃或52℃进行筛选时电泳结果;目的条带294bp为猫细小病毒IRAK1基因的特异性序列;目的条带265bp为猫肠道冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白基因的特异性序列;目的条带209bp为猫传染性腹膜炎病毒nsp 3b基因的特异性序列;目的条带332bp为猫衣原体PMP9基因的特异性序列。
图2为不同浓度的四种标准质粒绘制的标准曲线。
图3为本发明提供的多重PCR及纳米孔测序检测猫细小病毒的结果,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与NC组相比,n=3。
图4为本发明提供的多重PCR及纳米孔测序检测猫肠道冠状病毒的结果,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与NC组相比,n=3。
图5为本发明提供的多重PCR及纳米孔测序检测猫传染性腹膜炎病毒的结果,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与NC组相比,n=3。
图6为本发明提供的多重PCR及纳米孔测序检测猫衣原体的结果,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与NC组相比,n=3。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。本发明中未详细单独说明的试剂均为常规试剂,均可从商业途径获得;未详细特别说明的方法均为常规实验方法,可从现有技术中获知。
实施例1 引物及探针的设计及合成
从NCBI上检索到猫细小病毒(Feline panleukopenia, FP)IRAK1 CDS(XM_023248932.2)的基因序列,猫肠道冠状病毒(Feline Corona Virus, FECV)核衣壳蛋白基因CDS(ID: ABI14451.1)的基因序列,猫传染性腹膜炎病毒(Feline Infectious Peritonitis, FIP)nsp 3b基因(NC_002306.3)的基因序列,猫衣原体(Chlamydia felis,Cf)PMP9基因的部分CDS序列(>MW756209.1),进行引物和探针设计,设计序列通过化学合成得到。
猫细小病毒的特异性序列如SEQ IN NO.21所示(294bp),猫肠道冠状病毒的特异性序列如SEQ IN NO.22所示(265bp)的。猫传染性腹膜炎病毒的特异性序列如SEQ INNO.23所示(209bp),猫衣原体PMP9基因的特异性序列如SEQ IN NO.24所示(332bp)的。
检测猫细小病毒:
外引物:
NO.1: ACGCACCTGCAGCTGCTCCGC
NO.2: GCTCTCCCGGTTAGGCTTG;下划线为锁核苷酸。
内引物:
NO.3: ATATCATCACGGCCT;
NO.4: TGGGCTTGGGACAGGACCCAG;
探针:
NO.5: CCTCCCGCCCCCCTTCTGCCCCCCGGC;
检测猫肠道冠状病毒:
外引物:
NO.6: ACAGGACCTCGCGCTGATGCT;
NO.7: GGCCATTGGATTGTTGTCTTCCTCTGG;下划线为锁核苷酸。
内引物:
NO.8: agattgatggagtcttctggg;
NO.9: GACCTGTTTCTTGAGACAG;
探针:
NO.10: ATGGTGCCATGAACAAGCCAACAACA;
检测猫传染性腹膜炎病毒:
外引物:
NO.11: ATGCTAAGCTTGGTCTCTCC
NO.12:CGCATGGAATTTAGAATGGCA;下划线为锁核苷酸。
内引物:
NO.13:AGTCAATAGTCATACAGTTG
NO.14:TGCTTTGGGTCTTGTGTG
探针:
NO.15:CTGTTTACAAGTTTAAAGCCAAATTTTGG
检测猫衣原体:
NO.16: CGGAGGCACAAGCTATACGGGTTCG;
NO.17: CCCAAAGGTCCTTGTACCG;下划线为锁核苷酸。
NO.18: CCTAGTACTCAAGAAATAATGAAGC;
NO.19: TTTGTGGCTGTAGGGTTGGT;
NO.20: CCAACCTATTACCCTATCCGCAGGATC;
标准品的制备:
标注品为携带上述各种特异性序列的重组质粒。以特异性引物扩增靶基因区域,得到的PCR产物经纯化再与pMD18-T克隆载体连接,步骤简述如下:载体与目的片段在37℃条件下孵育1小时;将连接产物加入top10感受态细胞中进行转化,37℃过夜培养;观察菌落生长情况,挑选白色菌落接入液体培养基,置于摇床中37℃震荡培养8~16小时;用Omega质粒提取试剂盒提取质粒,洗脱体积为40μL;对所有提取质粒进行Sanger法测序验证,测序结果符合目的要求的克隆质粒各取1μL加水稀释,在琼脂糖凝胶电泳上检测,根据检测条带,初步判断其纯度和浓度;同时取1μL各质粒利用BioPhotometer核酸蛋白分析仪测定OD260/280值及浓度,结合电泳检测结果,确定其浓度和纯度。依次制得四个阳性标准品:pMD18-T-FP、pMD18-T-FECV、pMD18-T-FIP和pMD18-T-CF。
实施例2 内、外引物退火温度确立与优化
采用特异性序列(300 copies/μL,其中,pMD18-T-FP、pMD18-T-FECV、pMD18-T-FIP和pMD18-T-CF等比例混合)为DNA模板,采用常规PCR反应100μL体系,在温度梯度PCR仪进行扩增。反应采用100μL体系包含:50μL 2×PCR buffer(可购自TaKaRa公司,pH8.3,无Mg2+);5μL标准质粒(300copies/μL,其中四种重组质粒等比例混合)为DNA模板;四种外引物对(100nM)各2.5μL,四种内引物对(100nM)各3μL;Taq DNA聚合酶为2U;Mg2+(MgCl2)终浓度为3.75mmol/ml,dNTP终浓度各为0.2mmol/ml,甘油的终浓度15%(V/V),余量为无核酸酶水。外引物PCR反应条件为:预变性5min;变性95℃15s;外引物退火:59~71℃,梯度为1℃,30s,内引物退火为:52~56℃,梯度为1℃,30s;外引物延伸,72℃,40s,内引物延伸,72℃,15s;内、外引物均扩增40个循环。随后将扩增产物在1.0%进的琼脂凝胶中进行DNA凝胶电泳,用成像仪观察拍照。
结果如图1所示,在内引物退火温度确定为53℃,外引物退火温度分别设置为59℃、63℃、65.0℃、67℃、69℃、70℃或71.0℃进行筛选时,确定为外引物退火温度最佳为70℃。在外引物退火温度为65℃时,内引物退火温度分别设置为56℃、55℃、54℃、53℃或52℃进行筛选时,确定内引物退火温度为56℃。由此确定,故确立 PCR 反应条件为:95℃预变性5 min;95℃变性 15 s,70℃退火 30 s,72℃延伸 40 s,循环 15次;95℃变性 15 s,56℃退火 30 s,72℃延伸 15 s,循环40次。
实施例3 标准曲线的确立、灵敏度及重复检测
1、标准曲线
将标准质粒按200、50、10和5.0 copies/μL(其中四种重组质粒等比例混合),进行10倍梯度稀释,无核酸酶水作为阴性对照,按优化后的反应体系与条件,进行实时荧光PCR(以上述100μL体系计,还包括50nM探针1μL),获得不同浓度质粒的扩增曲线,并绘制标准曲线。如图2所示,获得的标准曲线具有良好的线性关系,线性方程式为:y = -13.428x +57.131,R2 = 0.9443。
2、灵敏度检测
将四种标准质粒按200、40、4和1.0 copies/μL稀释,按照优化后的反应条件和参数,进行多重 PCR扩增,使用纳米孔测序技术对扩增产物测序,而后进行基因序列分析。
如图3~6所示,与对照组相比,采用本发明提供的多重PCR及纳米孔测序方法序列分析得到的猫细小病毒、猫肠道冠状病毒、猫传染性腹膜炎病毒和猫衣原体在模板浓度分别为300、30、3和1.0 copies/μL均能检测与对照组具有统计学差异的Reads,说明本发明提供的多重PCR及纳米孔测序方法灵敏度能够达到1.0 copies/μL。
3、重复性检测
将标准质粒稀释为200、120、40、4copies/μL(其中四种重组质粒等比例混合),进行重复性试验,按照优化后的反应条件和体系,加入探针进行荧光检测得到Ct值,进行3次独立重复试验,计算标准差和变异系数。结果如表1所示,所建立的采用本发明提供的引物及探针进行多重PCR扩增方法,组内变异系数<1%,组间变异系数<2%,说明本发明提供的引物及探针对猫消化道病原体的扩增检测稳定,重复性高。
表1
实施例4 实际样本的检测
1、核酸提取
从患病猫的消化道样本液中提取核酸。核酸的提取按照常规磁珠提取法进行提取,为了同时适应上述四种病毒的核酸提取,改进如下:向1μL样本液加入90μL核酸萃取液(配方及终浓度为:异硫氰酸胍1.2M、乙二胺四乙酸钠(pH8.0)10mM、吐温-20 2%(W/W)、高氯酸钠1M、乙醇40%(V/V)、Tris-HCl(pH8.0)10mM),于42℃保温10min,然后加入10μL MagDNA®D-Beads DNA磁珠悬浮液(50mg/mL,可购自北京艾比根生物技术有限公司),振荡混合均匀后,套在磁架上施加磁场,弃去其中液体,然后加入200μL洗涤液A(配方及终浓度为:高氯酸钠1M、乙醇30%(V/V)),洗涤后弃去洗涤液A,再加入200μL洗涤液B(配方及终浓度为:乙醇70%(V/V)),洗涤后弃去洗涤液B,最后加入洗脱液(配方及终浓度为:Tris-HCl(pH8.0)10mM),于42℃保温10min,吸出并保留液体,即为核酸提取液。
2、多重PCR反应
PCR反应体系总体积为100μL,其中各组分的终浓度分别为:50μL 2×PCR buffer(可购自TaKaRa公司,pH8.3,无Mg2+);核酸提取液(100倍稀释)5μL;四种外引物对(100nM)各2.5μL,四种内引物对(100nM)各3μL,四种探针(50nM)各1μL,Mg2+(MgCl2)终浓度为3.75mmol/ml,dNTP终浓度各为0.2mmol/ml,UNG酶含量为0.05U,Taq DNA聚合酶为2U,逆转录酶为15U,甘油的终浓度15%(V/V),余量为无核酸酶水。
PCR反应程序为:95℃预变性 5 min;95℃变性 15 s,70℃退火 30 s,72℃延伸40 s,循环 15次;95℃变性 15 s,56℃退火 30 s,72℃延伸 15 s,循环40次。
针对相同的样品(核酸提取液),重复3次,完成对这四种病原体的PCR扩增。PCR扩增产物进行2%的琼脂糖电泳,观察是否有目的条带。同时进行Qubit定量,质控合格后方可进行下一步。
3、纳米孔测序
按照纳米孔快速建库试剂盒SQK‐RBK110.96的说明书进行文库构建,测序平台为MinIONMK1C测序仪搭配R9.4.1Flowcell芯片。简要步骤为:准备9μL PCR产物,分别加入1μLBarcode条码(1~48号),30℃孵育2min,80℃孵育2min后置于冰上冷却。将所有条码标记的文库混合,用DNA核酸纯化磁珠纯化,纯化产物加入测序接头后进行上机测序。测序数据经过测序仪内置的 Guppy 软件进行Barcode 拆分,使用 BLAST 分析软件对下机数据进行物种鉴定,统计各病原体的序列数量。
表2
结果如表2可知,本发明通过多重PCR扩增目标区域并一次性完成捕获,结合纳米孔测序技术,多样本同时测序,在大样本量筛查的同时极大地降低了成本的同时进一步提高猫消化道病原体检测的灵敏度及可重复性,实现大批量样本消化道病原体检测及混合感染样品基质的有效检测。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种检测猫消化道病原体的多重PCR试剂盒,其特征在于,包括如下引物:
检测猫细小病毒的如SEQ ID NO.1~2所示的外引物对、如SEQ ID NO.3~4所示的内引物对和如SEQ ID NO.5所示的探针;
检测猫肠道冠状病毒的如SEQ ID NO.6~7所示的外引物对、如SEQ ID NO.8~9所示的内引物对和如SEQ ID NO.10所示的探针;
检测猫传染性腹膜炎病毒的如SEQ ID NO.11~12所示的外引物对、如SEQ ID NO.13~14所示的内引物对和如SEQ ID NO.15所示的探针;
检测猫衣原体的如SEQ ID NO.16~17所示的外引物对、如SEQ ID NO.18~19所示的内引物对和如SEQ ID NO.20所示的探针;
其中,如SEQ ID NO.1~2所示、如SEQ ID NO.6~7所示、如SEQ ID NO.11~12所示和如SEQID NO.16~17所示的外引物对的若干单核苷酸为锁核苷酸。
2.如权利要求1所述的多重PCR试剂盒,其特征在于:所述试剂盒中还包括阳性标准品,所述阳性标准品包括分别携带:
如SEQ IN NO.21所示的猫细小病毒的特异性序列;
如SEQ IN NO.22所示的猫肠道冠状病毒的特异性序列;
如SEQ IN NO.23所示的猫传染性腹膜炎病毒的特异性序列;
如SEQ IN NO.24所示的猫衣原体的特异性序列的四个重组质粒。
3.如权利要求2所述的多重PCR试剂盒,其特征在于,所述多重PCR试剂盒配制成为一个多重PCR反应体系,所述多重PCR反应体系以100μL计包含:
50μL 2×PCR buffer;
5μL模板;
四种外引物对均为100nM,各2.5μL;
四种内引物对均为100nM,3μL;
余量为PCR所需的Mg2+,dNTP,Taq DNA聚合酶,及无核酸酶水。
4.如权利要求2所述的多重PCR试剂盒,其特征在于,所述多重PCR试剂盒配制成为一个多重PCR反应体系,所述多重PCR反应体系以100μL计包含:
50μL 2×PCR buffer;
5μL模板;
四种外引物对均为100nM,各2.5μL;
四种内引物对均为100nM,各3μL;
四种探针均为50nM,各1μL;
余量为PCR所需的Mg2+,dNTP,Taq DNA聚合酶,UNG酶,逆转录酶,及无核酸酶水。
5.如权利要求1~4任一所述的试剂盒在检测猫消化道病原体体外样品中的应用。
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