CN116903285B - 一种改性海泡石及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种改性海泡石及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/042—Magnesium silicates, e.g. talc, sepiolite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/006—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C3/04 - C09C3/12
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- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/04—Physical treatment, e.g. grinding, treatment with ultrasonic vibrations
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Abstract
本发明提供一种改性海泡石及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:1.1)将预处理海泡石、酸性水溶液混合后进行水浴加热,水浴加热温度为30‑80℃,水浴加热时间为1‑3h,加热完成,制得酸活化海泡石;1.2)向步骤1.1)中加入羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐和有机溶剂一进行反应,反应温度为80‑120℃,反应时间为5‑10h,反应结束后,过滤、洗涤、干燥,制得硅烷改性海泡石;1.3)将步骤1.2)制得的硅烷改性海泡石和松香基超支化聚酯加入有机溶剂二和水的混合液中,然后加入酸性催化剂一和阻聚剂,进行反应,反应温度为110‑125℃,反应结束,除杂、洗涤、真空干燥,即得改性海泡石。海泡石的粒径增大到合适的范围制得的改性海泡石,在高温下不分层,具有高的沉降稳定性能,且具有好的流变性和附着力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于海泡石领域,具体涉及一种改性海泡石及其制备方法。
背景技术
海泡石是一种纤维状的含水硅酸镁盐矿物。海泡石表面含有的羟基遇水或极性溶液会迅速溶胀并散开,形成单体纤维或较小的纤维束杂乱分散成互相制约的网络,使分散后海泡石比表面积增大,基于此特性,可将海泡石溶液作为悬浮剂,提高体系内物料的悬浮性。但是天然海泡石含有大量杂质,遇水或极性溶液溶胀时,比表面积增大不明显,且孔道狭窄,从而导致其悬浮特性和流变特性较差,而限制其应用。
为提高海泡石的悬浮特性,需要对海泡石进行处理,现有的处理方法主要包括水热处理法、酸活化法、离子交换改性法、偶联剂改性法等。水热处理法是将海泡石和水混合后加入反应釜内,在一定温度下搅拌数小时,产物经分离、干燥后即得到超细化处理的海泡石产品,通过水热处理的海泡石不仅可以解决纤维单体聚集的现象,而且增加了比表面积和酸活化速度,但水热处理法温度过高易使海泡石纤维分解为细小纤维,使其粘度增大,分离难度增加,因而水热处理法处理海泡石时对温度和搅拌时间要求更为严苛;酸活化法是通过强酸与海泡石混合,搅拌一段时间烘干后便可制得,强酸可以溶出海泡石中的镁离子,清除层间和孔道里的碳酸盐杂质,海泡石的通道打通,不仅能够增大孔径和微孔隙率,还能提高海泡石的吸附和交换能力,但酸活化法会使海泡石的结构发生较大的变化,大孔隙率增加,使其吸附能力与交换能力下降;离子交换改性是用金属离子取代海泡石晶格中的镁离子,使海泡石产生中等强度的酸性或碱性,离子交换改性可以克服酸处理使海泡石结构发生改变,但不能增加海泡石的比表面积;偶联剂改性法是有机硅烷水解后产生的硅醇与海泡石表面的羟基发生脱水反应,从而使有机硅烷接枝到海泡石表面,改性后的海泡石由聚集状态变为分散状态,比表面积增大,使改性海泡石悬浮剂在体系中能形成网状结构使填料附着,对填料起承托作用,但是其流变性能和悬浮特性仍需要进一步的提高,且为了具有较好的流变性、附着力以及悬浮性,硅烷改性使用的海泡石的粒径一般控制在100微米以内,对海泡石的粒径要求严苛。
针对现有改性海泡石存在的缺陷,如何对海泡石进行改性,不仅在改性使用的海泡石粒径不受100微米以内限制的情况下,还具有优异的附着力和好的悬浮特性、流变性能,是本发明亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种改性海泡石及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一方面,本发明提供一种改性海泡石的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1.1)将预处理海泡石、酸性水溶液混合后进行水浴加热,水浴加热温度为30-80℃,水浴加热时间为1-3h,加热完成,制得酸活化海泡石;
1.2)将步骤1.1)制得的酸活化海泡石和羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐加入有机溶剂一中进行反应,反应温度为80-120℃,反应时间为5-10h,反应结束后,过滤、洗涤、干燥,制得硅烷改性海泡石;
1.3)将步骤1.2)制得的硅烷改性海泡石和松香基超支化聚酯加入有机溶剂二和水的混合液中,然后加入酸性催化剂一和阻聚剂,进行反应,反应温度为110-125℃,反应结束,除杂、洗涤、真空干燥,即得改性海泡石。
作为进一步的改进,所述松香基超支化聚酯的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在惰性气氛下,将马来海松酸、环氧丙醇、酸性催化剂二加入非质子溶剂中进行反应,反应温度为100-150℃,酸值低于10mg/g后,继续在真空度为0.1-100kPa下反应0.5-5h,反应结束,沉淀、过滤、洗涤、干燥,制得松香基超支化聚酯。
作为进一步的改进,所述预处理海泡石的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将研磨后的海泡石和水充分混合后,静置10-20h,取上层海泡石悬浮液、抽滤、洗涤、干燥制得预处理海泡石,其中,研磨后的海泡石和水的重量比为1:50-70。
作为进一步的改进,所述海泡石通过球磨机研磨,研磨后海泡石的粒径为1-10mm。
作为进一步的改进,所述预处理海泡石和酸性水溶液的重量比为1:20-30,所述酸性水溶液为盐酸,且盐酸的浓度为0.5-3mol/L。
作为进一步的改进,所述预处理海泡石和羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐的重量比为0.05-0.6:1;所述硅烷改性海泡石和松香基超支化聚酯的重量比为1:1-7。
作为进一步的改进,所述阻聚剂为对苯二酚、对羟基苯甲醚、对叔丁基邻苯二酚、2,6-二硝基对甲苯中的至少一种。
作为进一步的改进,所述酸性催化剂一和酸性催化剂二均为硫酸、对甲苯磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸中的至少一种。
作为进一步的改进,所述酸性催化剂二与马来海松酸的质量比是1-10:100。
另一方面,本发明还提供改性海泡石的制备方法制得的改性海泡石。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:海泡石的粒径增大到合适的范围时(即海泡石粒径不需控制在100微米以内)制得的改性海泡石,在高温下不分层,具有高的沉降稳定性能,且具有良好的流变性和附着力。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。需要说明的是,下面的实施例为本发明的示例,仅用来说明本发明,而不用来限制本发明。在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情况下,可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。
以下实施例中,除松香基超支化聚酯、改性海泡石外,其余所使用的化合物单体及相关试剂均可从市场购得,其中,海泡石购自河北捷贵矿产品有限公司,货号为0077-41;羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐购自金锦乐化学有限公司;羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐购自金锦乐化学有限公司。
所述松香基超支化聚酯的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在惰性气氛下,将10g马来海松酸、3.7g环氧丙醇、0.1g对甲苯磺酸加入50gN,N-二甲基乙酰胺中进行反应,反应温度为120℃,酸值低于10mg/g后,继续在真空度为100kPa下反应2h,反应结束,降温后用大量去离子水沉淀,过滤、洗涤、真空干燥(干燥温度为60℃)后,制得松香基超支化聚酯。
预处理海泡石1的制备,包括以下步骤:
将研磨后的海泡石(海泡石通过球磨机研磨,研磨后海泡石的粒径为1mm)和水充分混合后(其中,研磨后的海泡石重量为20g,水的体积比为1000mL,充分混合时的搅拌速度为80r/min,搅拌时间为1h),静置18h,取上层海泡石悬浮液,抽滤、蒸馏水洗涤、在70℃真空干燥20h制得预处理海泡石1。
预处理海泡石2的制备,包括以下步骤:
将研磨后的海泡石(海泡石通过球磨机研磨,研磨后海泡石的粒径为8mm)和水充分混合后(其中,研磨后的海泡石重量为20g,水的体积比为1000mL,充分混合时的搅拌速度为100r/min,搅拌时间为40min),静置20h,取上层海泡石悬浮液,抽滤、蒸馏水洗涤、在70℃真空干燥20h制得预处理海泡石2。
预处理海泡石3的制备,包括以下步骤:
将研磨后的海泡石(海泡石通过球磨机研磨,研磨后海泡石的粒径为25μm)和水充分混合后(其中,研磨后的海泡石重量为20g,水的体积比为1000mL,充分混合时的搅拌速度为100r/min,搅拌时间为40min),静置20h,取上层海泡石悬浮液,抽滤、蒸馏水洗涤、在70℃真空干燥20h制得预处理海泡石3。
改性海泡石1的制备,包括以下步骤:
1.1)将制得的15g预处理海泡石1和300g盐酸(盐酸的浓度为2mol/L)混合后进行水浴加热,水浴加热温度为60℃,水浴加热时间为2h,加热完成,制得酸活化海泡石;
1.2)向步骤1.1)中加入50g羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐和300mL无水乙醇进行反应,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为10h,反应结束后,过滤、依次用氯仿洗涤、乙醇洗涤、在60℃真空干燥24h,制得硅烷改性海泡石;
1.3)将步骤1.2)制得的10g硅烷改性海泡石和15g松香基超支化聚酯加入50g甲苯和水的混合液(其中甲苯和水的重量比为1:0.2)中,然后加入0.15g质量分数为98%的浓硫酸和0.3g对苯二酚,进行反应,反应温度为115℃,反应8h后,反应结束,减压蒸馏去除甲苯,用质量分数为15%的Na2CO3水溶液中和硫酸,再用水洗涤至pH为中性,产物放入真空烘箱中于70℃烘干,即得改性海泡石。
改性海泡石2的制备,包括以下步骤:
1.1)将制得的15g预处理海泡石2和350g盐酸(盐酸的浓度为1.5mol/L)混合后进行水浴加热,水浴加热温度为60℃,水浴加热时间为2h,加热完成,制得酸活化海泡石;
1.2)向步骤1.1)中加入30g羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐和300mL无水乙醇进行反应,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为10h,反应结束后,过滤、依次用氯仿洗涤、乙醇洗涤、在60℃真空干燥24h,制得硅烷改性海泡石;
1.3)将步骤1.2)制得的10g硅烷改性海泡石和20g松香基超支化聚酯加入50g甲苯和水的混合液(其中甲苯和水的重量比为1:0.2)中,然后加入0.12g质量分数为98%的浓硫酸和0.25g对苯二酚,进行反应,反应温度为115℃,反应8h后,反应结束,减压蒸馏去除甲苯,用质量分数为15%的Na2CO3水溶液中和硫酸,再用水洗涤至pH为中性,产物放入真空烘箱中于70℃烘干,即得改性海泡石。
改性海泡石3的制备,包括以下步骤:
1.1)将制得的10g预处理海泡石1和200g盐酸(盐酸的浓度为2.2mol/L)混合后进行水浴加热,水浴加热温度为60℃,水浴加热时间为2h,加热完成,制得酸活化海泡石;
1.2)向步骤1.1)中加入20g羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐和150mL无水乙醇进行反应,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为10h,反应结束后,过滤、依次用氯仿洗涤、乙醇洗涤、在60℃真空干燥24h,制得硅烷改性海泡石;
1.3)将步骤1.2)制得的15g硅烷改性海泡石和30g松香基超支化聚酯加入80g甲苯和水的混合液(其中甲苯和水的重量比为1:0.3)中,然后加入0.2g质量分数为98%的浓硫酸和0.25g对苯二酚,进行反应,反应温度为115℃,反应8h后,反应结束,减压蒸馏去除甲苯,用质量分数为15%的Na2CO3水溶液中和硫酸,再用水洗涤至pH为中性,产物放入真空烘箱中于70℃烘干,即得改性海泡石。
改性海泡石4的制备方法基本同改性海泡石1,区别在于:将步骤1.1)中15g预处理海泡石1替换成15g预处理海泡石3。
改性海泡石5的制备方法基本同改性海泡石1,区别在于:不包括步骤1.3)。
改性海泡石6的制备方法基本同改性海泡石1,区别在于:将步骤1.1)中15g预处理海泡石1替换成15g预处理海泡石3;且不包括步骤1.3)。
样品1-7的制备,包括以下步骤:
称取丁苯橡胶30g,油井水泥60g,分散剂(异丙醇)2g和缓凝剂(酒石酸)3.5g,混合均匀(搅拌速度为80r/min,搅拌时间为20min)后,加入3g悬浮剂,制得待测样品。
样品1-7使用的悬浮剂如下表1所示,其中样品7使用的悬浮剂为常规悬浮剂:
表1
实施例1(样品1) | 改性海泡石1 |
实施例2(样品2) | 改性海泡石2 |
实施例3(样品3) | 改性海泡石3 |
实施例4(样品4) | 改性海泡石4 |
对比例1(样品5) | 改性海泡石5 |
对比例2(样品6) | 改性海泡石6 |
对比例3(样品7) | 纤维素HPMC |
对样品1-7制得的样品进行沉降稳定性能、流变性能测试以及附着力测试,试验测试结果如表2所示。
沉降稳定性能以及流变性能测试:按GB/T19139标准,测试条件为:温度为150℃,压力为160MPa;
附着力测试:按照SY/T 0442标准进行检测。
表2
由实施例1、对比例1、对比例3对比可知,在海泡石先使用硅烷改性再使用松香基超支化聚酯进行改性的情况下,制得的改性海泡石用作悬浮剂时,在高温下不分层,具有较高的沉降稳定性能,且具有良好的流变性和附着力;
由实施例1和对比例2对比可知,海泡石粒径较小时,仅通过硅烷改性制得的改性海泡石用作悬浮剂时,在高温下出现分层现象,且流变性和附着力均较差;
由实施例1至实施例4对比可知,本申请制得的改性海泡石,在高温下不分层,具有高的沉降稳定性能,且具有良好的流变性和附着力,且将海泡石的粒径增大到合适的范围时,不影响改性海泡石的悬浮性能和流变性能以及附着力;
综上,海泡石的粒径增大到合适的范围时(即海泡石粒径不需控制在100微米以内)制得的改性海泡石,在高温下不分层,具有高的沉降稳定性能,且具有良好的流变性和附着力。
以上实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人了解本发明内容并加以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围,凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种改性海泡石的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1.1)将预处理海泡石、酸性水溶液混合后进行水浴加热,水浴加热温度为30-80℃,水浴加热时间为1-3h,加热完成,制得酸活化海泡石;
1.2)向步骤1.1)中加入羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐和有机溶剂一进行反应,反应温度为80-120℃,反应时间为5-10h,反应结束后,过滤、洗涤、干燥,制得硅烷改性海泡石;
1.3)将步骤1.2)制得的硅烷改性海泡石和松香基超支化聚酯加入有机溶剂二和水的混合液中,然后加入酸性催化剂一和阻聚剂,进行反应,反应温度为110-125℃,反应结束,除杂、洗涤、真空干燥,即得改性海泡石;
所述松香基超支化聚酯的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在惰性气氛下,将马来海松酸、环氧丙醇、酸性催化剂二加入非质子溶剂中进行反应,反应温度为100-150℃,酸值低于10mg/g后,继续在真空度为0.1-100kPa下反应0.5-5h,反应结束,沉淀、过滤、洗涤、干燥,制得松香基超支化聚酯;
所述海泡石通过球磨机研磨,研磨后海泡石的粒径为1-10mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性海泡石的制备方法,其特征在于:所述预处理海泡石的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将研磨后的海泡石和水充分混合后,静置10-20h,取上层海泡石悬浮液、抽滤、洗涤、干燥制得预处理海泡石,其中,研磨后的海泡石和水的重量比为1:50-70。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性海泡石的制备方法,其特征在于:所述预处理海泡石和酸性水溶液的重量比为1:20-30,所述酸性水溶液为盐酸,且盐酸的浓度为0.5-3mol/L。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性海泡石的制备方法,其特征在于:所述预处理海泡石和羧基乙基硅烷三醇钠盐的重量比为0.05-0.6:1;所述硅烷改性海泡石和松香基超支化聚酯的重量比为1:1-7。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性海泡石的制备方法,其特征在于:所述阻聚剂为对苯二酚、对羟基苯甲醚、对叔丁基邻苯二酚、2,6-二硝基对甲苯中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种改性海泡石的制备方法,其特征在于:所述酸性催化剂一和酸性催化剂二均为硫酸、对甲苯磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性海泡石的制备方法,其特征在于:所述酸性催化剂二与马来海松酸的质量比是1-10:100。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的一种改性海泡石的制备方法制得的改性海泡石。
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