CN116746431A - Soilless culture small tomato high-yield method - Google Patents
Soilless culture small tomato high-yield method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116746431A CN116746431A CN202310669530.4A CN202310669530A CN116746431A CN 116746431 A CN116746431 A CN 116746431A CN 202310669530 A CN202310669530 A CN 202310669530A CN 116746431 A CN116746431 A CN 116746431A
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- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002155 anti-virotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-yield method for soilless culture of small tomatoes, which comprises the following steps: step one: planting tomatoes in a culture medium for field planting, and then performing heart picking treatment; step two: selecting two branches with regular and strong growth vigor from the lateral branches, carrying out double-pole pruning culture, and removing the rest lateral branches; step three: and (3) in the growing process of the tomato plants, respectively carrying out partial lateral bud removal treatment on the two branches selected in the second step until the tomato plants grow until the tomatoes are harvested. The high-yield method for soilless culture of the small tomatoes has the advantages of simple steps, easiness in operation, uniform size, uniform quality, higher sweetness and better taste of the obtained small tomatoes. Compared with the existing method for cultivating small tomatoes by only one main branch of a whole plant, the method for cultivating small tomatoes in a soilless culture manner can improve the yield of the small tomatoes and increase the yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a high-yield method for soilless culture of small tomatoes.
Background
The small tomatoes are of the genus tomato of the family Solanaceae, are warm-loving, light-loving and fertilizer-resistant, can be used as vegetables and fruits, have the vitamin content which is 1.7 times that of common tomatoes, and can be cultivated in China all the year round. The small tomatoes are lovely due to the small appearance, the sugar content is very high, the taste is sweet and delicious, and the flavor is unique and is deeply loved by consumers. The cultivation of the small tomatoes is to select a loose and breathable matrix or loam cultivation and planting with rich organic matters and deep cultivation layer.
The small tomatoes are divided into a plurality of different varieties, the small tomatoes of different varieties have different advantages in plant growth vigor and the obtained fruits, for example, the small tomatoes with the strawberry heart have very strong growth vigor, the plant growth vigor is vigorous, the premature senility yield of no yellow She Bu is high, the diameter of the small tomatoes is generally about 1-3 cm, the fruits are bright red and blue, and the taste is sweet and delicious; the small tomatoes with the silvery 88 have the advantages of antivirus, high fruiting rate, infinite growth, strong growth vigor and strong low-temperature adaptability. However, the small tomato plant has the advantages that the small tomato plant can also have disadvantages, such as high growth vigor and high fruiting rate of the small tomato plant, a plurality of branches and side branches are arranged on the same plant, a large number of fruits are produced on the same main branch, and the nutrients on the main branch of the same plant are correspondingly reduced on the basis of the fruits and the plurality of side branches, so that the sweetness of the small tomato fruits is reduced and the acidity is increased; on the other hand, due to the strong growth vigor, the fruits on the plants with only one main branch can cause the difference of the sizes and the quality of the fruits grown on the same plant due to the vertical shielding problem, and the small tomatoes with larger fruits have lower sweetness, larger acidity and better color compared with the small tomatoes with smaller fruits, and the difference can cause the non-uniform quality and the non-uniform size of the small tomatoes produced in mass. Therefore, controlling the fruit diameter and quality of the small tomatoes during the cultivation of the small tomato plants is a great difficulty in cultivation and planting of the small tomatoes. The double-rod pruning close planting method is adopted in the small tomato planting management process, so that the size of the small tomato fruit diameter can be controlled, the quality of the small tomato fruit can be ensured, and the yield and income can be increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-yield method for soilless culture of small tomatoes, which solves the problem that the fruit diameter and the fruit quality of the small tomatoes are well controlled in the cultivation process of the small tomatoes in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the high-yield method for the soilless culture of the small tomatoes is provided, and has the innovation points that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: planting tomatoes in a culture medium for field planting, and then performing heart picking treatment;
step two: selecting two branches with regular and strong growth vigor from the lateral branches, carrying out double-pole pruning culture, and removing the rest lateral branches;
step three: and (3) in the growing process of the tomato plants, respectively carrying out partial lateral bud removal treatment on the two branches selected in the second step until the tomato plants grow until the tomatoes are harvested.
Further, the specific time of the core picking process in the first step is as follows: the plant height is 29-31cm, and 4-5 leaves are provided.
Further, the specific time for removing the lateral branches in the second step is as follows: the lateral branches are 6-8cm long.
Further, the whole shape of the double-pole pruning after the side branches are removed in the second step is Y-shaped.
Further, the specific method for removing part of lateral buds in the third step comprises the following steps: two lateral buds are separated, one lateral bud is reserved, and the two lateral buds at intervals are removed.
Furthermore, the first to third steps are to fertilize the small tomato plants 2 to 3 times per day.
Further, the kinds of fertilizers include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
Further, the outer diameter of the small tomatoes collected in the step three is 1.5-2.0cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The high-yield method for soilless culture of the small tomatoes has the advantages of simple steps, easiness in operation, uniform size, uniform quality, higher sweetness and better taste of the obtained small tomatoes.
(2) Compared with the existing method for cultivating small tomatoes by only one main branch of a whole plant, the method for cultivating small tomatoes in a soilless culture manner can improve the yield of the small tomatoes and increase the yield.
(3) The high-yield method for soilless culture of the small tomatoes can provide a better living space for the growth of the small tomatoes, avoid the problem of growth resistance caused by vertical shielding, enable the growth and maturation of fruits to be faster, and enable the time to be on the market to be advanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of a high yield method for soilless culture of small tomatoes.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following detailed description.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the high-yield method for the soilless culture of the small tomatoes is provided, the specific flow is shown in a figure 1, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: planting tomatoes in a culture medium for field planting, and then performing heart picking treatment; the specific time of the heart picking treatment is as follows: the plant height range is 29-31cm, and when 4-5 leaves exist;
step two: selecting two branches with regular and strong growth vigor from the lateral branches, carrying out double-pole pruning culture, and removing the rest lateral branches; the specific time for lateral branch extirpation is as follows: the lateral branches are 6-8cm long. The whole shape of the double-pole pruning after the lateral branch is removed is Y-shaped.
Step three: and (3) in the growing process of the tomato plants, respectively carrying out partial lateral bud removal treatment on the two branches selected in the second step until the tomato plants grow until the tomatoes are harvested.
The specific method for removing partial lateral buds comprises the following steps: two lateral buds are separated, one lateral bud is reserved, and the two lateral buds at intervals are removed.
The fertilizer is applied to the small tomato plants in the first to third steps, and the fertilizer application amount is 2 to 3 times per day. The fertilizer types include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
The outer diameter of the small tomatoes used in the invention is 1.5-2.0cm.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention is further described through the following examples.
Example 1
Step one: planting tomatoes in a culture medium for field planting, and then performing heart picking treatment; the specific time of the heart picking treatment is as follows: the plant height is 29cm, and when 4 leaves exist;
step two: selecting two branches with regular and strong growth vigor from the lateral branches, carrying out double-pole pruning culture, and removing the rest lateral branches; the specific time for lateral branch extirpation is as follows: the lateral branches are 6cm long. The whole shape of the double-pole pruning after the lateral branch is removed is Y-shaped.
Step three: and (3) in the growing process of the tomato plants, respectively carrying out partial lateral bud removal treatment on the two branches selected in the second step until the tomato plants grow until the tomatoes are harvested.
The specific method for removing partial lateral buds comprises the following steps: two lateral buds are separated, one lateral bud is reserved, and the two lateral buds at intervals are removed.
The fertilizer is applied to the small tomato plants in the first to third steps, and the fertilizer application amount is 2 to 3 times per day. The fertilizer types include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
Example 2
Step one: planting tomatoes in a culture medium for field planting, and then performing heart picking treatment; the specific time of the heart picking treatment is as follows: the plant height range is 30cm, and when 4 leaves exist;
step two: selecting two branches with regular and strong growth vigor from the lateral branches, carrying out double-pole pruning culture, and removing the rest lateral branches; the specific time for lateral branch extirpation is as follows: the lateral branches are as long as 7 cm. The whole shape of the double-pole pruning after the lateral branch is removed is Y-shaped.
Step three: and (3) in the growing process of the tomato plants, respectively carrying out partial lateral bud removal treatment on the two branches selected in the second step until the tomato plants grow until the tomatoes are harvested.
The specific method for removing partial lateral buds comprises the following steps: two lateral buds are separated, one lateral bud is reserved, and the two lateral buds at intervals are removed.
The fertilizer is applied to the small tomato plants in the first to third steps, and the fertilizer application amount is 2 to 3 times per day. The fertilizer types include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
Example 3
The high-yield method for the soilless culture of the small tomatoes is provided, the specific flow is shown in a figure 1, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: planting tomatoes in a culture medium for field planting, and then performing heart picking treatment; the specific time of the heart picking treatment is as follows: the plant height range is 31cm, and when 5 leaves exist;
step two: selecting two branches with regular and strong growth vigor from the lateral branches, carrying out double-pole pruning culture, and removing the rest lateral branches; the specific time for lateral branch extirpation is as follows: the lateral branches are long to 8 cm. The whole shape of the double-pole pruning after the lateral branch is removed is Y-shaped.
Step three: and (3) in the growing process of the tomato plants, respectively carrying out partial lateral bud removal treatment on the two branches selected in the second step until the tomato plants grow until the tomatoes are harvested.
The specific method for removing partial lateral buds comprises the following steps: two lateral buds are separated, one lateral bud is reserved, and the two lateral buds at intervals are removed.
The fertilizer is applied to the small tomato plants in the first to third steps, and the fertilizer application amount is 2 to 3 times per day. The fertilizer types include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
By the implementation of the above examples 1-3, the present invention compares the yield, acidity and sweetness of the small tomatoes obtained in the three examples and the existing small tomato cultivation methods by table 1.
TABLE 1
As shown in Table 1, the method of the invention can improve the yield of the small tomatoes by 33.3% -40% per mu (compared with the existing method for cultivating the small tomatoes). For the tests of acidity and sweetness of the obtained small tomatoes, 50 persons are selected to respectively taste the small tomatoes obtained by the cultivation methods in the prior art, the method in the embodiment 1, the method in the embodiment 2 and the method in the embodiment 3, the maximum acid sweetness is 10 minutes, the average value of the acid sweetness of the small tomatoes obtained by the cultivation method corresponding to the taste of 50 persons in the table is obtained from the table 1, and the acidity of the small tomatoes obtained by the technical scheme of the invention is lower and the sweetness of the small tomatoes is higher than that of the small tomatoes obtained by the cultivation method in the prior art.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the claimed technical content of the present invention is fully described in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A high-yield method for soilless culture of small tomatoes is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: planting tomatoes in a culture medium for field planting, and then performing heart picking treatment;
step two: selecting two branches with regular and strong growth vigor from the lateral branches, carrying out double-pole pruning culture, and removing the rest lateral branches;
step three: and (3) in the growing process of the tomato plants, respectively carrying out partial lateral bud removal treatment on the two branches selected in the second step until the tomato plants grow until the tomatoes are harvested.
2. The method for high yield of soilless culture small tomatoes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific time of the core picking processing in the first step is as follows: the plant height is 29-31cm, and 4-5 leaves are provided.
3. The method for high yield of soilless culture small tomatoes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific time for lateral branch extirpation in the second step is as follows: the lateral branches are 6-8cm long.
4. A method for high yield of soilless culture small tomatoes as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and in the second step, the whole shape of the double-rod pruning after the lateral branches are removed is Y-shaped.
5. The method for high yield of soilless culture small tomatoes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific method for removing partial lateral buds in the third step comprises the following steps: two lateral buds are separated, one lateral bud is reserved, and the two lateral buds at intervals are removed.
6. The method for high yield of soilless culture small tomatoes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the first step to the third step are all performed with fertilization on the small tomato plants, and the fertilization amount is 2-3 times per day.
7. The method for high yield of soilless culture small tomatoes as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the fertilizer types include nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
8. The method for high yield of soilless culture small tomatoes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer diameter of the small tomatoes collected in the step three is 1.5-2.0cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310669530.4A CN116746431A (en) | 2023-06-07 | 2023-06-07 | Soilless culture small tomato high-yield method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310669530.4A CN116746431A (en) | 2023-06-07 | 2023-06-07 | Soilless culture small tomato high-yield method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116746431A true CN116746431A (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310669530.4A Pending CN116746431A (en) | 2023-06-07 | 2023-06-07 | Soilless culture small tomato high-yield method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116746431A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-06-07 CN CN202310669530.4A patent/CN116746431A/en active Pending
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