CN116671383A - Method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation - Google Patents
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- CN116671383A CN116671383A CN202310892761.1A CN202310892761A CN116671383A CN 116671383 A CN116671383 A CN 116671383A CN 202310892761 A CN202310892761 A CN 202310892761A CN 116671383 A CN116671383 A CN 116671383A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000004883 flower formation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 244000175448 Citrus madurensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000017317 Fortunella Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 abstract description 15
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000158748 Acronychia Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000183685 Citrus aurantium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007716 Citrus aurantium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000228 Citrus myrtifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016646 Citrus taiwanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001666 citrus aurantium l. flower Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of citrus breeding and cultivation, in particular to a method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation, which comprises the steps of transferring adult plants to an environment with the temperature of 34-38 ℃ for 6-10 days; transferring the plants subjected to the temperature treatment to a temperature lower than 30 ℃ and a long-day environment, and waiting for flowering. The method is simple to operate, has higher flowering efficiency and shorter time compared with the traditional method for controlling the flowering of kumquat plants by using drought, and can save labor cost. The method can be applied to artificial climate boxes and large greenhouses by utilizing the modern temperature control technology, and has a certain application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of citrus breeding and cultivation, in particular to a method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation.
Background
Citrus, a sub-family citrus of the family ruiaceae, has 3 genera for economic cultivation: trifoliate, kumquat and citrus. The citrus has long cultivation history in China, and besides meeting the edible demands of people, kumquats such as kumquats, season oranges and the like can also be used as ornamental plants, and the fruits after fruiting are golden and full, so that the citrus has great ornamental value. Especially during spring festival, the 'luckiness' of citrus in Chinese traditional culture is more encouraging the consumption demand of people for ornamental citrus. Citrus plants have a great variety of flowering habits, citrus plants flower once in most spring in subtropical regions, while kumquats can continuously flower, and the flowering period is concentrated in summer. The flowering habit of citrus not only limits the development of the intercross breeding work of citrus, but also is unfavorable for the production of ornamental citrus during holidays.
The existing main measures for inducing citrus to form flower buds are low temperature and drought. Kumquat plants such as kumquats and citrus aurantium can induce flowers through natural drought, and flower bud differentiation can be promoted through controlling watering, girdling and the like in production. However, the time required for water control treatment is long, the operation steps are complicated, the water control degree also needs to be accurately controlled, otherwise, excessive drought can cause fallen leaves, and the growth vigor of plants is affected. The girdling requires a large amount of labor, has high cost and low efficiency, and can influence the normal growth and development of the tree body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing cultivation measures for inducing kumquat plants to flower, and provides a method for regulating and controlling the quick flower formation of kumquat plants through higher temperature, flower buds can be quickly generated only through a period of specific environmental temperature treatment, and the method is easy to operate, simple and convenient to operate and low in cost.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention designs a method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Transferring the adult plants to an environment with the temperature of 34-38 ℃ for culturing for 6-10 days;
(2) Transferring the plants subjected to the temperature treatment in the step (1) to a long-day environment at a temperature lower than 30 ℃ to wait for flowering.
Further, in the step (1), the adult plant is a plant with strong tree body, good growth condition and long childhood.
Still further, in the step (1), soil is kept moist during the temperature culturing process, and the illumination mode is artificial long-day illumination.
Still further, in the step (1), the method for keeping the soil moist is watering 1 time a day.
Still further, in the step (1), during the temperature culturing process: the temperature was 35℃and the culture was carried out for 7 days.
Still further, in the step (2), the culture temperature is 26 to 28 ℃.
Still further, in the step (2), the culture temperature is 26 ℃.
Still further, in the step (1) and the step (2), the long-day condition is 16h of illumination and 8h of darkness.
Still further, in the step (1) and the step (2), the illumination intensity is: 10000Lx.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can quickly generate flower buds to flower by only treating at a specific environmental temperature for a period of time. The method can manually control the flowering time of kumquat plants, so that the market demand for ornamental oranges can be met at any time, and the breeding demands can be met. Compared with the mode of controlling water and girdling to control flower formation, the method is simple to operate, can avoid the influence of excessive drought on plant growth, and can save labor cost. The method can be applied to artificial climate boxes and large greenhouses by utilizing the modern temperature control technology, and has a certain application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operational flow of temperature treatment of kumquat flowers;
in the figure, white areas represent light treatments, and gray areas represent dark treatments;
FIG. 2 is a statistical chart of the flower forming effect of the acronychia after 7 days of treatment at different temperatures;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the flower shape of the acronychia in example 1 before and after treatment at 35℃for 7 days;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of example 2 of orange flowers after treatment at 35℃for 7 days;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operational flow of drought treatment of flower formation of acronychia;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the flowers before and after the drought treatment of the acronychia;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the comparison of the flowering rate of the acronychia after drought treatment and the acronychia after treatment at 35℃for 7 days in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments for understanding by those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Transferring the adult plants to an environment with the temperature of 34-38 ℃ for culturing for 6-10 days;
(2) Transferring the plants subjected to the temperature treatment in the step (1) to a long-day environment at a temperature lower than 30 ℃ to wait for flowering.
Based on the method, experiments of treating plants to form flowers at different temperatures
1.1 method
According to the method, after 7d treatment is carried out on different acronychia in the temperature range of 30-40 ℃, the flower forming condition is observed;
1.2 conclusion
As shown in fig. 2: after 7d treatment at 30-40 ℃, the effect of promoting the flower formation is most obvious in the treatment range of 34-38 ℃, and the flower formation rate (flower bud number/axillary bud number) is about 60%. Therefore, the preferred temperature for promoting flowering by the temperature treatment is 34-38 ℃; most preferably the temperature is 35 ℃.
Example 1
A method for rapid flower formation by temperature regulation of acronychia comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Selecting acronychia which is strong in tree body, good in growth condition and has spent childhood, and transplanting the acronychia into a flowerpot for later use;
(2) Transferring the plants in the step (1) into a climatic chamber with the temperature of 35 ℃ for 7 days; wherein, during the temperature treatment period, watering is carried out for 1 time every day to keep soil moist, the illumination mode is artificial long-day illumination, and the long-day illumination condition is 16 hours of illumination and 8 hours of darkness; 10000Lx;
(3) Transferring the plants treated in the step (2) to a culture environment with the temperature of 26 ℃ for long-day cultivation, and waiting for flowering, wherein the long-day condition is 16 hours of illumination and 8 hours of darkness; 10000Lx.
As shown in fig. 3: the axillary buds of the plant before treatment are almost all in an undifferentiated state, and the axillary buds of the plant are rapidly converted into flower buds after temperature treatment.
Example 2
A method for rapid flower formation of citrus reticulata by temperature regulation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Selecting four seasons orange which is strong in tree body, good in growth vigor and has reached the childhood period, and transplanting the four seasons orange into a flowerpot for later use;
(2) Transferring the plants in the step (1) into a climatic chamber with the temperature of 35 ℃ for 7 days; wherein, during the temperature treatment period, watering is carried out for 1 time every day to keep soil moist, the illumination mode is artificial long-day illumination, and the long-day illumination condition is 16 hours of illumination and 8 hours of darkness; 10000Lx;
(3) Transferring the plants treated in the step (2) to a culture environment with the temperature of 26 ℃ for long-day cultivation, and waiting for flowering, wherein the long-day condition is 16 hours of illumination and 8 hours of darkness; 10000Lx.
As shown in fig. 4: the axillary buds of the plant before treatment are almost all in an undifferentiated state, and the axillary buds of the plant are rapidly converted into flower buds after temperature treatment.
According to the actual situation, the processing of the acronychia in combination with the example 1 is compared with the existing drought processing method:
1. method of
The operational flow of drought treatment acronychia is shown in figure 5: watering the plants thoroughly before treatment, and waiting for natural drought of the plants; when the plant leaves start to curl, the plant leaves are regarded as drought treatment, watering is carried out once every 4-5 days, and the duration of the drought treatment is 4 weeks; and fully watering after drought treatment is finished, and waiting for plants to bloom.
2. Conclusion(s)
As shown in fig. 6 to 7: watering thoroughly after drought treatment is finished, and enabling flower buds to start to develop and bloom; the flowering rate after drought treatment was about 35%. The method of the embodiment 1 can quickly promote the flower formation of the acronychia through temperature treatment, and the flower formation effect is better after the temperature treatment, and the flower formation rate is 57%; and the treatment time of the method of example 1 was about 1 week. The existing drought treatment method is long in time and needs about 1 month; therefore, compared with the defects of relatively complicated and long period of the existing drought treatment method, the method has simple and convenient operation and relatively complicated drought treatment method.
In summary, it is shown that: the method has better flower forming effect after temperature treatment, the flower forming rate is 50-60%, and the flower forming rate of the existing drought treatment method is 30-40%; far higher than drought treatment methods.
Other parts not described in detail are prior art. Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Transferring the adult plants to an environment with the temperature of 34-38 ℃ for culturing for 6-10 days;
(2) Transferring the plants subjected to the temperature treatment in the step (1) to a long-day environment at a temperature lower than 30 ℃ to wait for flowering.
2. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquats according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the adult plant is a plant with strong tree body, good growth vigor and long childhood.
3. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquat-like plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), soil is kept moist during the temperature culture treatment, and the illumination mode is artificial long-day illumination.
4. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquat-like plants according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (1), the soil is kept moist by watering 1 time a day.
5. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquat-like plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step (1), during the temperature culturing process: the temperature was 35℃and the culture was carried out for 7 days.
6. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquats according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the culture temperature is 26-28 ℃.
7. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquats of claim 6, wherein: in the step (2), the culture temperature is 26 ℃.
8. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquat-like plants according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (1) and the step (2), the long-day conditions are 16h of illumination and 8h of darkness.
9. The method for rapid flower formation by temperature control of kumquats of claim 6, wherein: in the step (1) and the step (2), the illumination intensity is as follows: 10000Lx.
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