CN106718557A - A kind of method for predicting the heating mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming - Google Patents

A kind of method for predicting the heating mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106718557A
CN106718557A CN201611131919.XA CN201611131919A CN106718557A CN 106718557 A CN106718557 A CN 106718557A CN 201611131919 A CN201611131919 A CN 201611131919A CN 106718557 A CN106718557 A CN 106718557A
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branch
blossoming
culture
mandarin orange
amount
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CN106718557B (en
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王鹏
徐建国
石学根
柯甫志
温明霞
吴韶辉
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Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute
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Zhejiang Citrus Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0299Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for predicting the heating mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming;Specifically include and adopt fringe, branch treatment, water cutting cultivation, the steps such as judgement of blossoming, wherein, strict regulations have been carried out to adopting fringe time, fringe wood specification and sampling tree etc., fringe wood growth quality and the relevance of the amount of blossoming has been improve, bearing basal shoot Cheng Hualiang judging nicety rates have been improve.The look-ahead amount of blossoming, it is determined that suitable heating period is particularly significant to greenhouse mandarin orange forcing culture;The invention provides a kind of simple and accurate satsuma orange bearing basal shoot amount of blossoming Forecasting Methodology to help oranges and tangerines Planting household to determine that greenhouse forcing culture accurately heats period, with significant Social benefit and economic benefit.

Description

A kind of method for predicting the heating mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming
Technical field
The present invention relates to satsuma orange greenhouse forcing culture technology, and in particular to one kind prediction heating mandarin orange forcing culture The method of flower amount.
Background technology
China's citrusfruit maturity period is concentrated mainly on for 10 ~ December, in order that oranges and tangerines do sth. in advance ripe listing, meets people Growing consumption demand, the oranges and tangerines place of production has successively carried out greenhouse production research.Oranges and tangerines facility heats forcing culture technology Refer to using facilities such as greenhouse, air-heaters, after bud differentiation, by heating breaking dormancy, make tree body do sth. in advance to enter growth period, Envirment factor, including temperature, illumination, moisture, gas concentration lwevel, soil are controlled by manual adjustment in growth and development process Condition etc., promotes the comprehensive cultivation technique that the oranges and tangerines phenological period is done sth. in advance, with change the listing phase, improve quality, high yield etc. Effect, is remarkably improved economic benefit.
Although greenhouse mandarin orange forcing culture high financial profit, also there is risk very high simultaneously, generally after heating Blossom how many left and right fruit yield and quality.Therefore, although earlier heating to manage it is favourable, easily occur the amount of blossoming it is few, The inconsistent phenomenon of flowering time, so as to cause fruit quality and yield to decline, causes economic benefit to lose.So, in advance in advance The survey amount of blossoming, it is determined that suitable heating period extremely important is just seemed to greenhouse mandarin orange forcing culture.Due to Wenzhou honey under bore hole Mandarin orange bud is difficult difference with the outward appearance of leaf bud, therefore is difficult to determine the quantity of bearing basal shoot bud before Morphological Differentiation of Flower Bud, And flower bud number is determined according to the condition of bud Physiological Differentiation, such as blade C/N ratios, or the changes of contents of measure starch or sugar Amount, not only needs the sensing equipment and technology of higher level, the deviation that predicts the outcome also easily occurs.It is therefore desirable to have a kind of simple And accurately method predicts the amount of blossoming of satsuma orange bearing basal shoot, to help oranges and tangerines Planting household to determine greenhouse forcing culture Accurate heating period.
The content of the invention
Satsuma orange bearing basal shoot is germinateed it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, how much directly observe its bud, predict The method for heating the mandarin orange amount of blossoming, can simply and exactly judge that satsuma orange heats the starting of forcing culture by the method In heating period, it is to avoid because there is warm-up time too early, cause that the amount of blossoming is few, flowering time is inconsistent, it is final to reduce tangerine fruit The problem of yield and quality.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method for predicting the heating mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, it includes following steps:
(1)Adopt the fringe time:Preferably start before 3 weeks of local greenhouse mandarin orange plan heating from date, and one was carried out every 3 ~ 5 days It is secondary to adopt fringe;
(2)Fringe wood selection:The sampling tree of fringe wood, " be annual fruiting tree ", " alternate bear tree ", " every young flower in selection greenhouse Each 10 plants of tree ", and fringe wood is divided into top branch, middle part branch and bottom branch, three groups by sample position;
(3)Fringe wood specification:Choosing is long 10 ~ 15 centimetres, interception lower end bearing basal shoot branch slightly more than or equal to 0.4 centimetre, wherein Spend good branch and blossom bad branch must uniform clip, the branch quantity for once judging is 10 ~ 15;
(4)Branch treatment:The branch of collection is first processed once with bactericide, prevents branch from going mouldy, and after distilled water is cleaned up, is made Branch keeps aseptic, then branch is pre-processed from plant growth promoter, and pretreatment mode is that band leaf falls to erect leaching, immersion liquid Height distance branch intercepts 3 centimetres of lower end;
(5)Water cutting culture:After after branch immersion liquid drying, blade is removed, petiole is not stayed, to promote axillary bud to sprout as early as possible;To make branch Bar physiologically active is good, should cut off 0.8 ~ 1.2cm of branch lower end, in then standing on mill water culture nutrient solution rapidly, maintain the temperature at 28 ~ 30 DEG C, humidity be natural light or more than or equal to the dress that 1700 lux, light application time are 12 hours in 90% or more, intensity of illumination Put middle culture;
(6)Blossom judgement:Culture carries out bud confirmation after 7 ~ 10 days or so, when the rate of buddingging of branch reaches 70 ~ 80%, you can Start heating.
Further, described blossoming judges also combine number of days after meteorological condition, the result quantities of upper one year, pruning then Considering judgement Deng key factor could heat.
Step(5)The compound method of the mill water culture nutrient solution is:3 grams of sucrose, 1.65 grams are added in cleaning running water at 1 liter NH4NO3, 1.9 grams of KNO3, 0.37 gram of MgSO4•7H2O, 0.17 gram of KH2PO4, 0.40 gram of CaCl2•2H2O, 0.01 gram of FeSO4•7H2O, After fully dissolving is mixed, regulation pH value is 6.0, is then 6.0 through finely tuning pH value again after 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilizations 20 minute 1 time, close Envelope refrigerates standby in 4 DEG C of refrigerators;
The step(4)Middle bactericide processing mode is 75% alcohol disinfecting 1 minute, or 2% NaClO sterilizes 10 minutes;
The step(4)The 6-BA that middle plant growth promoter carries out pretreatment mode to branch for concentration for 5g/L soaks 1 second Clock;
Further, to prevent high humility that is dry, maintaining bearing basal shoot moisture and growing environment, can be moulded with colourless printing opacity Pocket is wrapped up the branch after treatment and culture vessel, and culture environment humidity is improved as far as possible.
Further, branch is buddingged rate computational methods:(The branch sum of the branch sum/culture buddingged)× 100%, its In, when the bud of sprouting for occurring visually debating on a branch is considered the branch buddingged.
The inventive method has carried out strict regulations to adopting fringe time, fringe wood specification and sampling tree, to ensure the growth of fringe wood Quality and flower measurer are representative, and have carried out disinfecting for fringe wood, and pre- place is carried out with plant growth promoter before culture Reason, the activity of fringe wood is lifted with this;And the nutrient solution used when cultivating provides the nutrition needed for fringe wood germination is buddingged, it is ensured that How much is final accurate judged result mother's branch Cheng Hualiang.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 water cutting culture branches are buddingged rate(%)Blossom several tropic with bearing basal shoot after heating.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of method for predicting the heating mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, first had to according to meteorological condition, upper one year then Result quantities, prune after the key factor such as number of days, tree vigo(u)r, shoot mass consider and judge the pre-heating time.
Whole prediction flower amount process mainly follows following steps:
(1)Adopt the fringe time:By taking the weather of Zhejiang as an example, preferably carried out in mid-November then to early December, the time of condition difference will Somewhat postpone and adopt the fringe time, overlay film can be carried out before heating starts at 1 week target date, adopt fringe initial time for greenhouse mandarin orange plan Start before 3 weeks of heating date, every 5 days when initial, can be carried out adopting fringe every 3 days close to during target date, day temperature is worked as in operation Degree is preferably 15 ~ 20 DEG C, and reliability is higher;
(2)Fringe wood selection:The satsuma orange tree that plan November is heated, pruning terminates rear summer shoot need to develop more than 130 days, The satsuma orange tree that December is heated, pruning terminates rear summer shoot need to develop more than 120 days, select " to tie year after year in greenhouse Fruit tree ", " alternate bear tree ", each 10 plants of " per young Hua Shu ", and summer shoot fringe wood is divided into top branch, middle part by sample position Branch and bottom branch, three groups;
(3)Fringe wood specification:From long 15 ~ 20 centimetres, the bearing basal shoot branch of thick more than 0.5 centimetre of lower end is intercepted, wherein thinking Be blossom good branch and blossom bad branch must uniform clip, the branch quantity for once judging is 10 ~ 15;
(4)Branch treatment:The dust that the branch clear water adopted back in greenhouse is washed off on blade and branch, then sprayed with 75% alcohol Sterilization 1 minute, or 2% NaClO spraying disinfections 10 minutes, prevent branch from going mouldy, and after distilled water is cleaned up, branch are ensured as far as possible Bar is aseptic.The branch of acquisition is pre-processed, during treatment again from concentration for the 6-BA of 5g/L soaks 1 second to adopting cladus bar The tie leaf of fringe one is adopted with 15 to fall to erect leaching, 3 centimetres of lower end of immersion liquid height distance branch interception;
(5)Water cutting culture:After after branch immersion liquid drying, blade is removed from base portion separating layer, petiole is not stayed, to promote axillary bud as early as possible Sprout;To make branch physiologically active good, 0.8 ~ 1.2cm of branch lower end is cut off, and stand on the mill water culture nutrient solution of preparation rapidly, Be maintained at 28 ~ 30 DEG C of temperature, humidity 90% or more, intensity of illumination is for natural light or more than or equal to 1700 lux, light application time Cultivated in the device of 12 hours, carry out one time of nutrition liquid displacement within every 3 days, prevent nutrient solution breed bacteria and mould.
(6)Blossom judgement:Branch can germinate after cultivating 4 days, send without leaf flower, have leaf to spend and young sprout, be spent after 7 days Bud is recognized, when thering is leaf to spend identification difficult with young sprout, removal rudiment top spire, you can identification;Then observed daily, Zhi Dao Calculated after 10 days terminate and always buddingged rate, typically when branch budding rate reach 70 ~ 80% when, may determine that greenhouse can be heated substantially .But this result can not be followed blindly, should also take into full account meteorological condition then, the result quantities of upper one year, prune after number of days etc. Key factor considers judgement could be heated.
Further, the preparation of above-mentioned mill water culture nutrient solution:3 grams of sucrose, 1.65 grams are added in cleaning running water at 1 liter NH4NO3, 1.9 grams of KNO3, 0.37 gram of MgSO4•7H2O, 0.17 gram of KH2PO4, 0.40 gram of CaCl2•2H2O, 0.01 gram of FeSO4•7H2O, After fully dissolving is mixed, regulation pH value is 6.0, is then 6.0 through finely tuning pH value again after 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilizations 20 minute 1 time, close Envelope refrigerates standby in 4 DEG C of refrigerators;
Further, to prevent high humility that is dry, maintaining bearing basal shoot moisture and growing environment, can be moulded with colourless printing opacity Pocket is wrapped up the branch after treatment and culture vessel, and culture environment humidity is improved as far as possible.
Further, branch goes out flower bud rate computational methods:(The branch sum of the branch sum/culture buddingged)× 100%, its In, when the bud of sprouting for occurring visually debating on a branch is calculated as 1 branch for going out flower bud during observation, then branch is carried out Mark prevents from computing repeatedly, the observation period terminate after add up the sum of branch of buddingging.
Table 1 is processed buddings rate with untreated branch(%)Compare
By table 1, we can draw:The axillary bud time of sprouting of the branch after treatment will be earlier than untreated branch, and rate of buddingging It is higher than same time untreated branch.Therefore, treatment measures can shorten water cutting incubation time, and improve axillary bud and sprout rate, this Be conducive to quickly and accurately predicting the amount of blooming of heating satsuma orange knot mother's branch.
The different sampling stages branch of table 2 is buddingged rate(%)Comparing
By table 2, we can obtain:With delaying for collection result mother's branch fringe wood time, the rate of buddingging of branch is constantly raised, When branch averagely budding rate for 70 ~ 80% when, with reference to meteorological condition then, the result quantities of upper one year, prune after the key such as number of days The factor just can contemplate and proceed by greenhouse heating.
The water cutting culture branch of table 3 is buddingged rate(%)Blossom several comparing with bearing basal shoot after heating
Tree body by table 3 it will be seen that water cutting culture branch is buddingged more than rate, the bearing basal shoot amount of blossoming also compares after heating It is many, there is obvious linear relationship between both Fig. 1 regression curves explanations, this explanation the method can be by bearing basal shoot before heating Bud differentiation situation prediction heating after satsuma orange bearing basal shoot the amount of blossoming.
To sum up, the method that a kind of prediction of present invention design heats the mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, using treated Bearing basal shoot fringe wood is manually cultivated in the preparation nutrient solution of sterilization, promotes its rudiment to budding, and it is to adopting fringe time, fringe wood Specification and sampling tree have carried out strict regulations, representative with the growth quality and flower measurer that ensure fringe wood, and have carried out fringe wood Disinfect, pre-processed with plant growth promoter before culture, the activity of fringe wood is lifted with this, and adopted when cultivating Nutrient solution further provides the nutrition needed for fringe wood germination is buddingged, it is ensured that final accurate judged result mother's branch Cheng Hualiang is more It is few.
The method of present invention design, can quickly and accurately predict the amount of blooming of heating satsuma orange bearing basal shoot, be essence Determine that the beginning period of greenhouse satsuma orange heating provides strong technical support, cultivation is facilitated so as to effectively improve greenhouse mandarin orange The economic benefit of training.

Claims (6)

1. it is a kind of to predict the method for heating the mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, it is characterised in that it includes step in detail below:
(1)Adopt the fringe time:Preferably start before 3 weeks of local greenhouse mandarin orange plan heating from date, and one was carried out every 3 ~ 5 days It is secondary to adopt fringe;
(2)Fringe wood selection:The sampling tree of fringe wood, " be annual fruiting tree ", " alternate bear tree ", " every young flower in selection greenhouse Each 10 plants of tree ", and fringe wood is divided into top branch, middle part branch and bottom branch, three groups by sample position;
(3)Fringe wood specification:Choosing is long 10 ~ 15 centimetres, interception lower end bearing basal shoot branch slightly more than or equal to 0.5 centimetre, wherein Spend good branch and blossom bad branch must uniform clip, the branch quantity for once judging is 10 ~ 15;
(4)Branch treatment:The branch of collection is first processed once with bactericide, prevents branch from going mouldy, and after distilled water is cleaned up, is made Branch keeps aseptic, then branch is pre-processed from plant growth promoter, and pretreatment mode is that band leaf falls to erect leaching, immersion liquid Height distance branch intercepts 3 centimetres of lower end;
(5)Water cutting culture:After after branch immersion liquid drying, blade is removed, petiole is not stayed, to promote axillary bud to sprout as early as possible;To make branch Bar physiologically active is good, should cut off 0.8 ~ 1.2cm of branch lower end, in then standing on mill water culture nutrient solution rapidly, maintain the temperature at 28 ~ 30 DEG C, humidity be natural light or more than or equal to the dress that 1700 lux, light application time are 12 hours in 90% or more, intensity of illumination Put middle culture;
(6)Blossom judgement:Culture carries out bud confirmation after 7 ~ 10 days or so, when the rate of buddingging of branch reaches 70 ~ 80%, you can Start heating;
Further, described blossoming judges also be closed with reference to number of days after meteorological condition then, the result quantities of upper one year, pruning etc. Key factor integration considers that judgement could be heated.
2. the method that a kind of prediction according to claim 1 heats the mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, it is characterised in that described Branch rate computational methods of buddingging are:(The branch sum of the branch sum/culture buddingged)× 100%, wherein, when on a branch The bud of sprouting that naked eyes occur can debate is considered the branch buddingged.
3. the method that a kind of prediction according to claim 1 heats the mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, it is characterised in that described Step(4)Middle bactericide processing mode is 75% alcohol disinfecting 1 minute, or 2% NaClO sterilizes 10 minutes.
4. the method that a kind of prediction according to claim 1 heats the mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, it is characterised in that described Step(4)The 6-BA that middle plant growth promoter carries out pretreatment mode to branch for concentration for 5g/L soaks 1 second.
5. the method that a kind of prediction according to claim 1 heats the mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, it is characterised in that described Step(5)The compound method of middle mill water culture nutrient solution is:3 grams of sucrose, 1.65 grams of NH are added in cleaning running water at 1 liter4NO3, 1.9 Gram KNO3, 0.37 gram of MgSO4•7H2O, 0.17 gram of KH2PO4, 0.40 gram of CaCl2•2H2O, 0.01 gram of FeSO4•7H2O, fully dissolving After mixing, regulation pH value is 6.0, is then 6.0 through finely tuning pH value again after 121 DEG C of moist heat sterilizations 20 minute 1 time, sealing refrigerate in 4 DEG C of refrigerators are standby.
6. the method that a kind of prediction according to claim 1 heats the mandarin orange forcing culture amount of blossoming, it is characterised in that described Step(5)It is the high humility for preventing from drying, maintaining bearing basal shoot moisture and growing environment during water planting culture, can be with colourless Light-passing plastic bag is wrapped up the branch after treatment and culture vessel, improves culture environment humidity.
CN201611131919.XA 2016-12-09 2016-12-09 Method for predicting flower-bearing amount of warming mandarin orange in forcing culture Active CN106718557B (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109470692A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-03-15 浙江省柑桔研究所 A kind of prediction technique in greenhouse citrus forcing culture heating period
CN111512870A (en) * 2020-04-13 2020-08-11 广西大学 Method for judging whether secondary tips of out-of-season cultivation of four-season meadow silvergrass become flowers or not before leaf-spreading period
CN115152518A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-10-11 象山县农业经济特产技术推广中心 Method for promoting early flower bud differentiation of middle and late maturing citrus varieties
CN116671383A (en) * 2023-07-20 2023-09-01 华中农业大学 Method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109470692A (en) * 2018-03-09 2019-03-15 浙江省柑桔研究所 A kind of prediction technique in greenhouse citrus forcing culture heating period
CN111512870A (en) * 2020-04-13 2020-08-11 广西大学 Method for judging whether secondary tips of out-of-season cultivation of four-season meadow silvergrass become flowers or not before leaf-spreading period
CN115152518A (en) * 2022-08-22 2022-10-11 象山县农业经济特产技术推广中心 Method for promoting early flower bud differentiation of middle and late maturing citrus varieties
CN116671383A (en) * 2023-07-20 2023-09-01 华中农业大学 Method for rapid flower formation of kumquat plants through temperature regulation

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