CN105660296A - Citrus full-tree cold-proof coverage technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a citrus full-tree cold-proof coverage technology. The technology comprises the steps that 1, in autumn and winter seasons of years of which temperature in winter and spring seasons is low, a crown of the upper portion of a citrus tree body is held miscellaneously; 2, straw stems or wheat straws are used for covering the periphery of the tree body by the thickness of about 5-10 centimeters; 3, a support or plant fibers are used for fixing the periphery; 4, a ventilating opening which is about 5-10 centimeters long and wide is reserved in the base of the citrus tree body in the south direction; 5, the straw stems and wheat straws in the step 2 are disassembled in the beginning of March after cold-air outbreak of the second year, and in the disassembling process, people should be careful and do not damage branches and leaves of the citrus tree body. The technology effectively prevents rain and snow from directly falling onto the citrus tree body and prevents direct cold injuries to tissue and cells of the tree body by low temperature; the windproof effect is effective, and water loss of the tissue and the cells can be reduced. The situation that after snowing, due to direct irradiation of the sun, temperature of the tissue cells rises rapidly can be effectively prevented. The situation that due to icing, mechanical damage to the branches is caused can be effectively prevented.

Description

Cold-proof soverlay technique set entirely by a kind of Citrus

Technical field

The present invention relates to planting technology apparatus field, specifically cold-proof soverlay technique set entirely by a kind of Citrus.

Background technology

CitrusRutaceaePlant, property happiness warm and moist weather, and winter is cold-resistant, its geographical distribution, between south latitude and north latitude 16 °-37 °, is the typical torrid zone, subtropical evergreen fruit trees (except trifoliate orange), and what be wherein used as Economical cultivation has 3 genus:Poncirus, Citrus andFortunella crassifolia SwingleBelong to. The Citrus of China and the cultivation of other countries of the world are mainlyCitrus. Hua Dansheng or 2-3 clusters; The irregular 5-3 of calyx is shallow to be split; Within petal generally grows 1.5 centimetres; 20-25 piece of stamen, style is elongated, stigma head. The month at florescence 4-5, fruit month phase 10-12.

Owing to Citrus originate in the backwoods of subtropical zone warm and moist, property is liked warm weather conditions and is feared severe cold winter, especially Fructus Citri Limoniae, Fortunella crassifolia Swingle, Fructus Citri grandis, Fructus Citri sinensis etc., even satsuma orange, local morning etc. common citrus kind, if northern area, the Changjiang river is cultivated in China Yangtze river basin or Henan etc., capital suffers from periodically freeze injury, for this, reinforcement Citrus low temperature cold-proof cultivation technology R and D, to ensureing that Citrus stable high yield year after year is particularly significant.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Citrus and entirely set cold-proof soverlay technique, with the problem solving to propose in above-mentioned background technology.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:

Cold-proof soverlay technique set entirely by a kind of Citrus, comprises the following steps:

(1) autumn and winter season in time occurred at winter-spring season low temperature, by assorted for mandarin tree body top tree crown hold together;

(2) use grass stalk or straw to make about 5-10 centimetre thickness around tree body to cover;

(3) support or Plant fiber is used to do peripheral fixing;

(4) in mandarin tree body base portion direction to the south, the blow vent of the about 5-10 centimetre of length and width is stayed;

(5) at the beginning of 3 months after Second Year cold wave goes, the grass stalk in step (2) and straw are removed, it is noted that do not damage mandarin tree body branch and blade when removing; If demodicid mite class occurs in tree body branch and leaf part, low toxicity plant protection preparation is used to be prevented and treated; If Citrus leaf has fertilizer deficiency situation, do foundation fertilising in conjunction with Citrus accelerating germination in early spring fertilizer.

As the further scheme of the present invention: grass stalk in described step (2) or the thick mud of 1-3 centimetre can be covered on straw as closing ectosome.

Compared with prior art, the present invention one effectively prevent sleet directly to drop on mandarin tree body, prevent the low temperature direct freeze injury to tree soma and cell, two is effective protection effect, histiocytic dehydration can be reduced, three is the histiocytic steep temperature rise caused because of sun direct projection after can effectively preventing snow, and four is can effectively prevent the mechanical damage because of the branch caused that freezes; Additionally, covering set entirely by Citrus can effectively provide inner canopy humidity, significantly resist wind speed, effectively lower the luffing of leaf temperature, the ground temperature 1-2 degree of 5-15 centimetre soil layer under the surface soil of raising tree crown base portion and earth's surface, simultaneously, it is possible to be effectively improved soil moisture, the safe overwintering that above-mentioned the Ecological and Physiological Effect is mandarin tree body has built good environment.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the technical scheme of this patent is described in more detail.

Cold-proof soverlay technique set entirely by a kind of Citrus, comprises the following steps:

(1) autumn and winter season in time occurred at winter-spring season low temperature, by assorted for mandarin tree body top tree crown hold together;

(2) use grass stalk or straw to make about 5-10 centimetre thickness around tree body to cover; If temperature is low then, it is also possible to cover mud several centimeters thick on Caulis et Folium Oryzae etc. and close ectosome, to strengthen heat insulation effect.

(3) support or Plant fiber is used to do peripheral fixing;

(4) in mandarin tree body base portion direction to the south, the blow vent of the about 5-10 centimetre of length and width is stayed; To regulate the aeration status of tree inside and outside;

(5) at the beginning of 3 months after Second Year cold wave goes, the grass stalk in step (2) and straw are removed, it is noted that do not damage mandarin tree body branch and blade when removing; If demodicid mite class occurs in tree body branch and leaf part, low toxicity plant protection preparation is used to be prevented and treated; If Citrus leaf has fertilizer deficiency situation, do foundation fertilising in conjunction with Citrus accelerating germination in early spring fertilizer.

Cold-proof soverlay technique set entirely by above-mentioned Citrus, simple and easy to do, with low cost, cold-proof respond well. For the method that short teenage mandarin tree body can also adopt straw screen or mat to cover, making simple and easy frame shape along line-spacing in tree body both sides, frame base component can use citrus orchard soil pressure real, to prevent sleet from invading. Simultaneously, it is desirable to frame to fasten back to the direction that cold wind comes, it is prevented that is turned over by wind and snow.

Citrus autumn and winter and spring are also the important period of bud differentiation, and therefore, Citrus are entirely set cold-proof soverlay technique and necessarily can not be covered too early when implementing, and remove late, and Citrus Second Year seat flower percentage of fertile fruit otherwise can be caused to decline. Meanwhile, preferably pour water and suitable applications of farmyard manure material on covering ground of previous crops in conditional region and Citrus field, to strengthen trunk infusion, improve Citrus self cold tolerance, lay material base for Second Year high yield and high quality.

Severe cold mandarin tree in winter body is subject to freeze injury, and one is cause tree soma cell dehydration to endure cold with low temperature strong wind; It addition, be that after snow, snow melt cooling causes histiocyte low temperature to endure cold. Covering set entirely by Citrus, and why can to alleviate freeze injury one be effectively prevent sleet directly to drop on mandarin tree body, prevent the low temperature direct freeze injury to tree soma and cell, two is effective protection effect, histiocytic dehydration can be reduced, three is the histiocytic steep temperature rise caused because of sun direct projection after can effectively preventing snow, and four is can effectively prevent the mechanical damage because of the branch caused that freezes. From the result that field experiment is observed, covering set entirely by Citrus can effectively provide inner canopy humidity, significantly resist wind speed, effectively lower the luffing of leaf temperature, the ground temperature 1-2 degree of 5-15 centimetre soil layer under the surface soil of raising tree crown base portion and earth's surface, simultaneously, it is possible to be effectively improved soil moisture. The safe overwintering that the Ecological and Physiological Effect is mandarin tree body in above-mentioned micro-territory has built good environment. Therefore, even if mandarin tree body sets covering entirely in developed country, such as county of Japanese midwestern Shizuoka, the Ai Yuan county of middle part four countries, the citriculture region such as Fukuoka county, south, it is still an effective prevention method so far and is used. Gushi of Henan county in China's NORTH OF DABIE MOUNTAINS, the citriculture areas such as Zhejiang dragon trip, Jinhua, Wenzhou, Taihu Lake, Jiangsu, also having severe cold to implement Citrus winter in history and entirely set the experience of covering, the chill-proof growing for Citrus north area provides example, is worthy to be popularized.

Above the better embodiment of this patent is explained in detail, but this patent is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art possesses, it is also possible to make a variety of changes under the premise without departing from this patent objective.

Claims (2)

1. cold-proof soverlay technique set entirely by Citrus, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:

(1) autumn and winter season in time occurred at winter-spring season low temperature, by assorted for mandarin tree body top tree crown hold together;

(2) use grass stalk or straw to make about 5-10 centimetre thickness around tree body to cover;

(3) support or Plant fiber is used to do peripheral fixing;

(4) in mandarin tree body base portion direction to the south, the blow vent of the about 5-10 centimetre of length and width is stayed;

(5) at the beginning of 3 months after Second Year cold wave goes, the grass stalk in step (2) and straw are removed, it is noted that do not damage mandarin tree body branch and blade when removing; If demodicid mite class occurs in tree body branch and leaf part, low toxicity plant protection preparation is used to be prevented and treated; If Citrus leaf has fertilizer deficiency situation, do foundation fertilising in conjunction with Citrus accelerating germination in early spring fertilizer.

2. cold-proof soverlay technique set entirely by Citrus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that grass stalk in described step (2) or can cover the thick mud of 1-3 centimetre on straw as closing ectosome.