CN116589606A - 一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖及其制备方法、应用 - Google Patents
一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖及其制备方法、应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116589606A CN116589606A CN202211543941.0A CN202211543941A CN116589606A CN 116589606 A CN116589606 A CN 116589606A CN 202211543941 A CN202211543941 A CN 202211543941A CN 116589606 A CN116589606 A CN 116589606A
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- butyrylated
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- yeast glucan
- glucan
- yeast
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物医药领域,具体涉及一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖及其制备方法、应用;研究结果表明丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu‑glu(DS1.74))具有良好的激活免疫作用以及对肿瘤良好的治疗效果,可以作为抗肿瘤药物的免疫调节剂辅助抗肿瘤药物,提高其治疗效果。该丁酰化酵母葡聚糖无毒性,具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药领域,具体涉及一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖及其制备方法、应用。
背景技术
结肠癌是发生于结肠部位的常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,占胃肠道肿瘤的第3位。慢性大肠炎症,如溃疡性结肠炎的肠癌发生率高于一般人群,炎症的增生性病变的发展过程中,常可形成息肉,进一步发展为肠癌;克隆氏(Crohn)病时,有结肠、直肠受累者可引起癌变。据一般资料统计,有结肠息肉的患者,结肠癌发病率是无结肠息肉患者的5倍。家族性多发性肠息肉瘤,癌变的发生率更高。
结肠癌患者大多已中年以上,其中多数年龄为45岁左右,约有5%患者的年龄在30岁以下。结肠癌的临床表现随其病灶大小所在部位及病理类型而有所不同。不少早期结肠癌患者在临床上可毫无症状,但随着病程的发展和病灶的不断增大,可以产生一系列结肠癌的常见症状,诸如大便次数增多、大便带血和粘液、腹痛、腹泻或便秘、肠梗阻以及全身乏力、体重减轻和贫血等症状。
结肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率居恶性肿瘤的第4~6位。近年来其发病率有上升的趋势。其根治性切除后5年生存率为50%左右。术后复发和转移是其死亡的重要原因。公认的治疗结肠癌的方法是以手术为主、并辅以化疗,免疫治疗、中药以及其它支持治疗的综合治疗。结肠癌化疗方案主要以5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)为基础,四氢叶酸(LV)作为调节剂可增强效应剂5-FU的疗效。临床治疗的首选的FOLFOX4方案是在以上基础上再联合奥沙利铂进行治疗。目前口服化疗结肠癌口服化疗药主要指氟嘧啶类前体药物,吸收后通过1次或多次代谢转变成5-氟尿嘧啶,发挥抗癌作用。但结肠癌本身具有免疫抑制作用因此很多抗肿瘤药物治疗效果不明显,因此临床一般在抗肿瘤药物的基础上辅以免疫调节剂结合解决免疫抑制问题。因此,寻找新的免疫调节剂在预防或治疗结肠癌药物具有重要研究意义。
酵母葡聚糖(结构式如式II所示,分子量范围是20-240kD)存在于酵母菌的细胞壁中,在二十世纪四十年代,Pillemer博士首次发现并报道酵母细胞壁中有一种物质具有提高免疫力的作用。之后,经过图伦大学Diluzio博士的进一步研究发现,酵母细胞壁中提高免疫力的物质是一种多糖—β-葡聚糖,并从面包酵母中分离出这种物质。1963年首次发现其具有抗肿瘤活性,以后又相继发现其具有抗菌及免疫调节作用。
对肿瘤、肝炎、心血管、糖尿病、降血脂、抗衰老等方面均有独特的生物活性。
迄今为止,现有技术中没有关于将天然酵母葡聚糖进行丁酰化应用于结肠癌的治疗作用的记载和报道。
发明内容
要解决技术问题:
本发明提供一种全新的免疫调节剂,其是可以协同抗肿瘤药物治疗结肠癌的化合物。
技术方案:
特别是提供了如式(Ⅰ)所示的丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))的制备及其作为免疫调节剂治疗结肠癌药物的应用。研究结果表明丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))具有良好的激活免疫作用以及对肿瘤良好的治疗效果。
丁酰化酵母葡聚糖,为天然酵母葡聚糖经化学修饰而得,其骨架结构如式(Ⅰ)所示。丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(式Ⅰ)的英文名为Butyrylated yeast glucan或Butyrylated yeastdextran。因在本发明中主应用的为取代度为1.74的丁酰化酵母葡聚糖。本发明专利将它简称为Bu-glu(DS1.74)。
具体而言:
一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu(DS1.74),取代度为1.74,分子量在35kD-423kD,其结构式如(I)。
一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu(DS1.74),由如下步骤制备获得:
(1)将酵母葡聚糖置于二氯甲烷中,根据酵母葡聚糖上葡萄糖单元羟基数量,依次加入4-二甲氨基吡啶(0.1eq)、三乙胺(5eq)、丁酸酐(6eq)。置于室温环境下搅拌反应24小时。
(2)将步骤(1)中所得的反应液,用稀氢氧化钠溶液调至中性,抽滤,得到粗产物。
(3)将步骤(2)中粗产物用蒸馏水充分洗涤三遍。抽滤,得到丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))。
一种免疫调节性治疗结肠癌的药物的组合物,其特征在于,含有所述的丁酰化葡聚糖Bu-glu(DS1.74)及药学可接受的载体。
所述药物组合物可以是片剂、胶囊、丸剂、及各种微粒给药系统。
丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu(DS1.74)与抗癌药物联用在制备治疗抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
所述的肿瘤为结肠癌。
所述的抗肿瘤药物为奥沙利铂。
进一步而言,本发明化合物的药物组合物可根据本领域公知的方法制备。用于此目的时,如果需要,可将本发明化合物与一种或多种固体或液体药物赋形剂和/或辅剂结合,制成可作为人药或兽药使用的适当的施用形式或剂量形式。
本发明化合物或含有它的药物组合物可以单位剂量形式给药,给药途径主要为口服,若有其他需要可肠道、腹膜或直肠等。
给药剂型可以是液体剂型、固体剂型。如液体剂型可以是真溶液类、胶体类、微粒剂型、乳剂剂型、混悬剂型。其他剂型例如片剂、胶囊、滴丸、丸剂、粉剂、溶液剂、乳剂、颗粒剂、栓剂等。
本发明化合物可以制成普通制剂、也可以是缓释制剂、控释制剂、靶向制剂及各种微粒给药系统。
例如为了将单位给药剂型制成片剂,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。关于载体的例子是,例如稀释剂与吸收剂,如淀粉、糊精、硫酸钙、乳糖、甘露醇、蔗糖、氯化钠、葡萄糖、尿素、碳酸钙、白陶土、微晶纤维素、硅酸铝等;湿润剂与粘合剂,如水、甘油、聚乙二醇、乙醇、丙醇、淀粉浆、糊精、糖浆、蜂蜜、葡萄糖溶液、阿拉伯胶浆、明胶浆、羧甲基纤维素钠、紫胶、甲基纤维素、磷酸钾、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等;崩解剂,例如干燥淀粉、海藻酸盐、琼脂粉、褐藻淀粉、碳酸氢钠与枸橼酸、碳酸钙、聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酯、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素等;崩解抑制剂,例如蔗糖、三硬脂酸甘油酯、可可脂、氢化油等;吸收促进剂,例如季铵盐、十二烷基硫酸钠等;润滑剂,例如滑石粉、二氧化硅、玉米淀粉、硬脂酸盐、硼酸、液体石蜡、聚乙二醇等。还可以将片剂进一步制成包衣片,例如糖包衣片、薄膜包衣片、肠溶包衣片,或双层片和多层片。
例如为了将给药单元制成丸剂,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。关于载体的例子是,例如稀释剂与吸收剂,如葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉、可可脂、氢化植物油、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、单硬脂酸甘油脂、高岭土、滑石粉等;粘合剂,如阿拉伯胶、黄蓍胶、明胶、乙醇、蜂蜜、液糖、米糊或面糊等;崩解剂如琼脂粉、干燥粉、海藻酸盐、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素等。
例如为了将给药单元制成胶囊,将有效成份本发明化合物丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))与上述的各种载体混合,并将由此得到的混合物置于硬的明胶胶囊或软胶囊中。也可将有效成分本发明化合物制成微囊剂,混悬于水性介质中形成混悬剂,亦可装入硬胶囊中或制成注射剂应用。
此外,如需要,也可以向药物制剂中添加着色剂、防腐剂、香料、矫味剂、甜味剂或香料等。这些辅料是本领域常用的。
本发明所用的无菌介质都可以通过本领域技术人员众所周知的标准技术制得。可将它们灭菌,例如通过经由细菌过滤器过滤、通过向组合物中加入灭菌剂、通过将组合物放射处理、或通过将组合物加热灭菌。还可以在临用前将它们制成无菌可注射介质。
为了达到用药目的,增加治疗效果,本发明的药物或药物组合物可用任何公知的给药方法给药。当然用于实施本发明化合物的给药途径取决于疾病和需要治疗的部位。因为本发明化合物的药动学和药效学特征会有某种程度的不同,因此在组织中获得治疗浓度的最优选方法是逐渐增加剂量并监测临床效果。对于这样的逐渐增加治疗剂量,初始剂量将取决于给药途径。
对于任何特定患者,本发明化合物药物组合物的给药剂量取决于许多因素,例如所要预防或治疗疾病的性质和严重程度,患者或动物的性别、年龄、性格及个体反应,给药途径、给药次数、治疗目的,因此本发明的治疗剂量可以有较大范围的变化。根据所治疗患者的病症,可能必须对剂量作出某些改变,并且在任何情况下,都由医师决定个体患者的合适剂量。
给药剂量是指不包括载体重量在内(当使用载体时)的化合物的重量。一般来讲,本发明中药学成分的使用剂量是本领域技术人员公知的。可以根据本发明化合物组合物中最后的制剂中所含有的实际药物数量,加以适当的调整,以达到其治疗有效量的要求,完成本发明的预防或治疗目的。可以是单一剂量形式给药或分成几个,例如二、三或四个剂量形式给药;这受限于给药医生的临床经验以及包括运用其它治疗手段的给药方案。本发明的化合物或组合物可单独服用,或与其他治疗药物或对症药物合并使用并调整剂量。本发明通过化学合成的方式合成了所应用的药物,并且通过核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱技术确证了化合物的成功合成及取代度的计算。
根据本发明还涉及含有作为活性成份的丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))和常规药物赋形剂或辅剂的药物组合物。通常本发明药物组合物含有0.1~95%重量的丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))。在单元剂型中本发明化合物一般含量为0.1~200mg。
有益效果
1、本发明通过细胞毒实验(MTT法)验证丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu(DS1.74)的无毒性。进而通过qPCR实验验证对巨噬细胞RAW264.7刺激后较无取代的酵母葡聚糖(Glucan)更有效产生IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、IL12β(具有显著性差异)等具有免疫效应的细胞因子。通过Western Blot实验验证本发明通过JNK-P38途径激活巨噬细胞。通过细胞共培养实验、CCK8实验验证化合物激活免疫细胞后对结肠癌细胞的杀伤作用。
本发明以C57小鼠为试验动物,通过异位植瘤建立小鼠结肠癌模型,后通过口服给药进行治疗。考察丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))对结肠癌的治疗作用。治疗方案为:方案一:单独使用合成药物验证治疗作用。造模使用MC38小鼠结肠癌细胞,异位植于背部皮下。采取灌胃给药方式,给药组灌胃给与200mg/kg丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74)),同时设置了给与同样当量的酵母葡聚糖的同型对照组,另外空白对照组除不给与药物治疗外,其他处理方式均相同。当肿瘤长至一定体积时,每两天给药一次。直至出现超过1500mm3小鼠,视为治疗结束。方案二:联合化药奥沙利铂验证化疗药物配合免疫调节剂具有更好的治疗作用,由于化疗不良反应颇多,查阅很多相关资料后,在此选用了一个既能对小鼠肿瘤起到一定治疗作用,但不良作用相对小的剂量。造模使用MC38小鼠结肠癌细胞,异位植于背部皮下。采取灌胃给药方式,给药组灌胃给与200mg/kg丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))+3mg/kg奥沙利铂(Oxa),同时设置了3mg/kg奥沙利铂(Oxa)的同型对照组,另外空白对照组除不给与药物治疗外,其他处理方式均相同。当肿瘤长至一定体积时,每两天给药一次,在第14、16天时停止给与奥沙利铂。方案一与方案二在给药开始后,每两天记录小鼠的瘤体积、体重。实验结果分析表明服用Bu-glu(DS1.74)的小鼠的肿瘤明显治疗的更好。相关病理切片以及免疫组化结果也佐证了服用Bu-glu(DS1.74)后其肿瘤凋亡情况更明显、肿瘤免疫微环境更好的被激活。这些实验结果充分的说明了丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))能够有效的调节免疫反应,达到治疗肿瘤的目的。
2、尽管现有技术表明短链脂肪酸类的丁酸盐,作为组蛋白去乙酰化抑制剂,近年来被报道能够增强机体的细胞免疫功能,但治疗效果差,难以应用于临床。酵母葡聚糖在水中和一般有机溶剂中是难溶的。丁酰化后其脂溶性增加。口服给药是采用大豆油溶解,在大豆油中可以达到15mg/mL,在DMSO中可达到20mg/mL。满足临床上需求,本发明提供一种全新的治疗效果更好的丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu(DS1.74),该化合物在体内试验证实可以作为免疫调节剂,并取得良好治疗效果。
3、酵母葡聚糖和丁酸盐既是天然产物,又是国家食品药品监督管理局所已批准使用的食品添加剂,天然环保,无毒高效。本发明提供了将两者结合的制备方法及在免疫调节中治疗结肠癌的作用和用途。
术语
Glucan:葡聚糖
Bu-glu(DS1.74):丁酰基取代度1.74的酵母葡聚糖
MTT:3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐
qPCR:实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应
Western Blot:蛋白质免疫印迹
IL-1β:白细胞介素1β
IL-6:白细胞介素6
TNF-α:肿瘤坏死因子α
IL-12β:白细胞介素β
Oxa:奥沙利铂
H&E:苏木精-伊红染色法
Ki67:增殖细胞抗原
CD86:分化86簇
CD206:分化206簇
附图说明
图1原料及产物红外光谱图;
图2原料及产物核磁氢谱图(A)Glucan1H谱图(B)Bu-glu(DS1.74)1H谱图;
图3MTT实验结果图;(A)L02细胞MTT结果(B)MC38细胞MTT结果(C)、(D)HCT116细胞MTT结果(E)HepG2细胞MTT结果;
图4RAW264.7经刺激产生细胞因子qPCR结果图;(A)TNF-αmRNA相对表达量(B)IL-1βmRNA相对表达量(C)IL-6mRNA相对表达量(D)IL-12βmRNA相对表达量(与对照组相比*p<0.05;**p<0.01;与原料组相比#p<0.05;##p<0.01;n=3);
图5RAW264.7经刺激相关蛋白表达情况图(A)Western Bolt图(B)p-P38蛋白表达量灰度分析图(C)P38蛋白表达量灰度分析图(D)p-JNK蛋白表达量灰度分析图(E)JNK蛋白表达量灰度分析图(与对照组相比*p<0.05;****p<0.0001与原料组相比##p<0.01;###p<0.001;####p<0.0001;n=3)
图6RAW264.7经刺激杀伤肿瘤细胞结果图;(A)MC38结肠癌细胞结晶紫染色,放大倍数:100×(B)MC38结肠癌细胞结晶紫染色量化图(C)MC38结肠癌细胞存活情况;(与对照组相比*p<0.05;**p<0.01;***p<0.001;****p<0.0001;与原料组相比#p<0.05;n=3);
图7荷瘤小鼠治疗结果图(A)小鼠体重变化图(B)小鼠肿瘤生长曲线(C)小鼠肿瘤重量;(与对照组相比*p<0.05;n≥6)
图8小鼠肿瘤组织相态及相关指标图;放大倍数:200×;
图9安全性评价相关指数图;(A)心脏指数(B)肝脏指数(C)肾脏指数(D)脾脏指数(E)胸腺指数(n≥6);
图10Bu-glu(DS1.74)联合奥沙利铂治疗荷瘤小鼠结果图;(A)小鼠体重变化图(B)小鼠肿瘤生长曲线(C)小鼠肿瘤重量;(与对照组相比*p<0.05;**p<0.01;n=6);
图11联合治疗小鼠肿瘤组织形态图;注:放大倍数:200×。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以帮助本领域的技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明。
一、化学合成实验
实施例1.化学法将丁酰基修饰于葡聚糖结构上
方法:将酵母葡聚糖0.4g置于10mL二氯甲烷中,根据葡聚糖上羟基数量,依次加入0.1eq 4-二甲氨基吡啶、5eq三乙胺、6eq丁酸酐。置于室温环境下反应24小时。将反应完成的反应液,用0.5mol/LNaOH调至中性,此过程中产物会析出。将析出产物抽滤,抽滤得到的产物再用纯水洗涤3遍,去除残留的试剂及小分子水溶性杂质,抽滤得到最终产物。
结果:如图1、图2所示,红外光谱中在1750cm-1出现羰基的特征吸收峰,核磁共振氢谱中0.87ppm、1.52ppm及2.28ppm出现丁酰基上甲基、次亚甲基的特征氢,验证了产物的成功合成。
二、药理药效实验
实施例2.MTT法验证产物无细胞毒性
方法:分别将不同的细胞接种于6孔板中,使用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基,在含5%CO2培养箱中培养。将丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))和酵母葡聚糖(Glucan)分别稀释在含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基中设置25、50、100μg/mL作用于正常的肝脏L02细胞,培养24h,后使用MTT测定细胞活力。将丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))和酵母葡聚糖(Glucan)分别设置50、100、200μg/mL作用于结肠癌细胞HCT116细胞,培养24h后,使用MTT测定细胞活力。将丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))和酵母葡聚糖(Glucan)分别设置100、200μg/mL作用于肝癌细胞HepG2细胞培养24h后,使用MTT测定细胞活力。将丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))和酵母葡聚糖(Glucan)分别设置100、200μg/mL作用于结肠癌细胞MC38细胞培养24h后,使用MTT测定细胞活力。
结果:如图3所示,以不加药物的Control组为对照,计算细胞活力情况。结果显示不同剂量作用于正常细胞或癌细胞。丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))对细胞均无明显的毒性。
实施例3.丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))刺激RAW264.7产生相关细胞因子
方法:将Raw264.7细胞接种于6孔板中,使用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基,在含5%CO2培养箱中培养。将丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))和酵母葡聚糖(Glucan)分别用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基稀释至终浓度100μg/mL,作用于RAW264.7细胞培养24h。培养后使用Trizol法提取细胞总RNA,进行qPCR,测定IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、IL12β上调表达情况。
结果:如图4所示,丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))与原料葡聚糖(Glucan)以及不加药物的Control组相比。能够明显刺激RAW264.7产生TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-12β相关炎症因子的上调表达,表明丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))能够有效激活巨噬细胞的抗肿瘤活性。
其相关细胞因子显著差异如表1所示。
表1相关细胞因子显著性差异分析表(P<0.05表示存在显著性差异)
实施例4.丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))通过JNK-P38通路的激活RAW264.7细胞
方法:将Raw264.7细胞接种于6孔板中,使用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基,在含5%CO2培养箱中培养。将丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))和酵母葡聚糖(Glucan)分别用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基稀释至终浓度100μg/mL,作用于RAW264.7细胞培养24h。作用结束后,使用RIPA裂解液将细胞裂解,提取蛋白。将提取的蛋白进行BCA定量后,使用上样缓冲液将蛋白制样。将制好的蛋白样品进行Western Blot实验。使用JNK、pJNK、P38、pP38抗体检测通路激活情况。
结果:结果如图5所示,丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))能够有效提高JNK-pJNK/P38-pP38的蛋白含量,说明有效刺激了此通路的激活,从而使RAW264.7细胞得到有效激活(其中,Dex70为右旋糖苷70,Bu-Dex70(DS2.81)为丁酰化取代度为2.81的右旋糖苷,这两者中Dex70不具备免疫调节作用,Bu-Dex70(DS2.81)作为丁酰化基团能够发挥一定的免疫调节作用的对照进行实验。Bu-glu(DS0.94)为取代度为0.94的酵母葡聚糖,作为取代度低的产物对照,其免疫调节效果不如Bu-glu(DS1.74)),其相关细蛋白水平表达显著差异如表2所示。
表2相关蛋白表达显著性差异分析表(P<0.05表示存在显著性差异)
实施例5.丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))能激活RAW264.7的抗肿瘤活性对肿瘤细胞产生杀伤作用
方法:将MC38肿瘤细胞铺于Transwell小室下室,后将使用实施例3方法刺激活化的RAW264.7细胞铺于Transwell小室上室,在含5%CO2培养箱中共培养24小时。培养结束后,将MC38细胞进行结晶紫染色以及CCK8实验检测MC38细胞存活情况。
结果:如图6所示,细胞密度和形态以及孔板中细胞的活力情况显示出丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))能够有效刺激RAW264.7细胞活化以后对肿瘤细胞进行直接性的杀伤。
其相关细胞密度及细胞活力显著差异如表3所示。
表3相关细胞密度和细胞活力显著性差异分析表(P<0.05表示存在显著性差异)
实施例6.丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))对于结肠癌荷瘤小鼠治疗作用
方法:使用MC38小鼠结肠癌细胞在小鼠背部皮下植入,5×105个细胞/只,待肿瘤长至一定体积时,将小鼠随机分为3组,分别为不给予药物治疗的Control组、Glucan治疗组、Bu-glu(DS1.74)治疗组。每两天进行一次灌胃给药。Bu-glu(DS1.74)给药剂量为200mg/kg,根据葡聚糖上葡糖糖单元的量,Glucan组给与等当量进行治疗。观察对肿瘤的治疗作用。
结果:如图7、图8所示。小鼠的肿瘤体积及重量Bu-glu(DS1.74)组相对于Control组和Glucan治疗组都有一个较为明显的治疗好转情况。小鼠的相关组织H&E染色明显看出Bu-glu(DS1.74)组细胞密度更低、细胞增殖相关抗原Ki67表达更少、CD206免疫抑制性分化族表达更少、CD86免疫激活性分化族表达更多。这些结果表明Bu-glu(DS1.74)对于小鼠机体的免疫激活有一个很明显的促进作用,并且能够对肿瘤起到一个明显的免疫治疗作用。
实施例7.丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))对于结肠癌荷瘤小鼠安全性评价
方法:将实施例6中小鼠经过治疗后,将小鼠的心、肝、脾脏、肾脏、胸腺取出,称重。将所得重量与小鼠体重关联,除以体重,进行相关心脏指数、肝脏指数、脾脏指数、肾脏指数、胸腺指数的计算。以衡量合成产物丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))的体内安全性。
结果:如图9所示。经过口服丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))进行治疗肿瘤的小鼠,其心指数、肝指数、脾脏指数、肾脏指数、胸腺指数没有显著的变化。说明合成产物在体内安全性良好。
实施例8.丁酰化酵母葡聚糖(Bu-glu(DS1.74))联合奥沙利铂(Oxa)对于结肠癌荷瘤小鼠治疗作用
方法:由于化疗药物的不良副作用很多,查阅很多相关资料后,在此选用了一个既能对小鼠肿瘤起到一定治疗作用,但不良作用小的剂量。使用MC38小鼠结肠癌细胞在小鼠背部皮下植入,5×105个细胞/只,待肿瘤长至一定体积时,将小鼠随机分为3组,分别为不给予药物治疗的Control组、Oxa治疗组(奥沙利铂(Oxa)3mg/kg))、Bu-glu(DS1.74)+Oxa治疗组(Bu-glu(DS1.74)200mg/kg,奥沙利铂(Oxa)3mg/kg)。每两天进行一次灌胃给药。观察对肿瘤的治疗作用。
结果:结果如表4、如图10、图11所示,选用的剂量下单独奥沙利铂小鼠体重下降更为严重,肿瘤治疗效果不佳。Bu-glu(DS1.74)联合Oxa与单独使用Oxa相比较,小鼠的肿瘤治疗效果更好,并且从小鼠的体重变化来看,Bu-glu(DS1.74)还能一定程度的减轻化疗药物对于小鼠的不良副作用。小鼠的肿瘤组织H&E切片结构明显看出联合治疗组的肿瘤组织坏死情况更多。表明Bu-glu(DS1.74)可以联合化疗药物起到更好的协同治疗作用,还能降低化疗药物对机体带来的危害。
表4小鼠平均体重及平均瘤体积、平均瘤重结果(n=6)
组别 | Control | Oxa | Bu-glu(DS1.74)+Oxa |
平均体重(g) | 22.085 | 19.115 | 19.856 |
平均肿瘤体积(mm3) | 403.618 | 249.589 | 143.01 |
平均瘤重(g) | 0.268 | 0.150 | 0.095 |
Claims (7)
1.一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu,取代度为1.74,分子量在35kD-423kD,其结构式如(I)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu的制备方法,其特征在于,由如下步骤制备获得:
(1)将酵母葡聚糖置于二氯甲烷中,根据酵母葡聚糖上葡萄糖单元羟基数量,依次加入4-二甲氨基吡啶0.1eq、三乙胺5eq、丁酸酐6eq。置于室温环境下搅拌反应24小时;
(2)将步骤(1)中所得的反应液,用稀氢氧化钠溶液调至中性,抽滤,得到粗产物l;
(3)将步骤(2)中粗产物用蒸馏水充分洗涤三遍。抽滤,得到丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu。
3.一种免疫调节性治疗结肠癌的药物的组合物,其特征在于,含有权利要求1所述的丁酰化葡聚糖Bu-glu及药学可接受的载体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的所述药物组合物,其特征在于所述的组合物是片剂、胶囊丸剂、及各种微粒给药系统。
5.丁酰化酵母葡聚糖Bu-glu与抗癌药物联用在制备治疗抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的肿瘤为结肠癌。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的抗肿瘤药物为奥沙利铂。
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