CN116446192B - 一种发热保暖面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种发热保暖面料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116446192B CN116446192B CN202310500897.3A CN202310500897A CN116446192B CN 116446192 B CN116446192 B CN 116446192B CN 202310500897 A CN202310500897 A CN 202310500897A CN 116446192 B CN116446192 B CN 116446192B
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种发热保暖面料及其制备方法，属于面料技术领域。在纯棉面料上均匀浸渍一层发热保暖涂料，所述发热保暖涂料由以下原料按重量份制备而成：聚丙烯酰胺40‑50份、远红外发热颗粒5‑10份、二氧化硅气凝胶3‑5份、增稠剂1‑2份、抗氧剂0.1‑0.4份、去离子水70‑90份。本发明制得的面料具有远红外发热和提高保暖的功能，具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料技术领域，具体涉及一种发热保暖面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
针织面料即是利用织针将纱线弯曲成圈并相互串套而形成的织物。针织面料的组织结构使得其具有良好的弹性和延伸性，织物柔软且透气度好。目前，市面上出现了一些功能性针织面料，其具有防辐射、杀菌、防火隔热等特殊功效，尤其是具有发热、保暖、保温效果的面料，其应用范围广，市场需求大，因此受到广泛研究。
中国专利申请CN105146780A公开了一种智能发热针织面料的生产工艺，属于纺织工艺技术领域。该申请首先将聚酯纤维母粒和远红外矿石粉母粒混合均匀，依次通过转鼓干燥，熔融喷丝，成型、卷绕及落桶，集束工序，牵伸，切割和打包，纺纱，织布和胚布成品工艺，并通过服装加工工艺制成保暖内衣，聚酯纤维由分散于其中的远红外发射颗粒发射远红外射线，以提供隔热和健康促进效果，本发明透气性强，不易破损，且具有优异的储热和隔热性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种发热保暖面料及其制备方法，制得的面料具有远红外发热和提高保暖性能的功能。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
本发明提供一种发热保暖面料，在纯棉面料上均匀浸渍一层发热保暖涂料，所述发热保暖涂料由以下原料按重量份制备而成：聚丙烯酰胺40-50份、远红外发热颗粒5-10份、二氧化硅气凝胶3-5份、增稠剂1-2份、抗氧剂0.1-0.4份、去离子水70-90份。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述远红外发热颗粒的制备方法如下：
S1.将锆酸四丁酯、司盘溶于有机溶剂中，制得油相；
S2.将氯化锌、吐温溶于水中，制得水相；
S3.将水相滴加于油相中，乳化，凝胶化反应，离心，洗涤，煅烧，制得氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
S4.将步骤S3制得的氧化锌/氧化锆微球分散于水中，加入多巴胺盐酸盐和催化剂，加热搅拌反应，制得聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
S5.将步骤S4制得的聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球焙烧，制得远红外发热颗粒。
作为本发明的进一步改进，步骤S1中所述锆酸四丁酯、司盘和有机溶剂的质量比为10-15:0.5-1:50-70，所述司盘选自司盘-20、司盘-40、司盘-60、司盘-80中的至少一种，所述有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、乙酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸丁酯、环己烷、正己烷中的至少一种。
作为本发明的进一步改进，步骤S2中所述氯化锌、吐温和水的质量比为7-12:1-2:100；所述吐温选自吐温-20、吐温-40、吐温-60、吐温-80中的至少一种。
作为本发明的进一步改进，步骤S3中所述水相和油相的质量比为30-50:70-100，所述凝胶化反应的时间为15-20min，所述煅烧的温度为300-500℃，时间为1-2h。
作为本发明的进一步改进，步骤S4中所述氧化锌/氧化锆微球、多巴胺盐酸盐和催化剂的质量比为10-15:12-17:0.1-0.2，所述催化剂为pH＝5.5-6的Tris-HCl溶液，所述加热搅拌反应的温度为35-45℃，时间为1-2h。
作为本发明的进一步改进，步骤S5中所述焙烧的温度为1200-1500℃，时间为2-3h。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述增稠剂选自甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟乙基纤维素、淀粉、明胶、海藻酸钠、干酪素、瓜尔胶、甲壳胺、阿拉伯树胶、黄原胶、大豆蛋白胶、天然橡胶、羊毛脂、琼脂、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氧化乙烯、卡波树脂、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酸酯共聚乳液、顺丁橡胶、丁苯橡胶、聚氨酯、改性聚脲、低分子聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述抗氧剂选自二苯胺、对苯二胺、二氢喹啉、2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双(3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)硫醚、四〔β-(3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸〕季戊四醇酯、三辛酯、三癸酯、三(十二碳醇)酯和三(十六碳醇)酯中的至少一种。
本发明进一步保护一种上述发热保暖面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将发热保暖涂料中各组分按比例混合均匀，制得发热保暖涂料；
(2)将纯棉面料浸渍在发热保暖涂料中，浴比为1:30-50，浸渍15-30min，取出，85-95℃干燥35-45min，制得发热保暖面料。
本发明具有如下有益效果：远红外线是指波长范围为6-15μm的电磁波，其可以穿入人体组织2-3mm，与人体内分子形成共振效应，加剧分子运动，从而达到蓄热保暖、增强血液微循环和提高新陈代谢的作用。远红外纺织品可以吸收太阳光中的短波能量或人体散发的热量，并将其以远红外辐射方式作用于人体，在医疗保健、服用纺织品等领域具有广阔的应用前景。本发明通过溶胶凝胶反应和离子沉积煅烧氧化制得了氧化锌/氧化锆微球，具有较好的发射远红外线的效果，并在其表面包覆一层聚多巴胺层，在高温焙烧的作用下，聚多巴胺碳化形成碳层并于氧化锌和氧化锆部分反应，制得ZrC和ZnC，进一步提高了发射远红外线的发射效果，使得制得的面料具有发热保暖的功能。另外，二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒是一种低密度、低导热性、高孔隙率、高比表面积的纳米多孔材料，进一步提高了面料发热后的保暖性能。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
制备例1远红外发热颗粒的制备
方法如下：
S1.将10重量份锆酸四丁酯、0.5重量份司盘-20溶于50重量份乙酸丁酯中，制得油相；
S2.将7重量份氯化锌、1重量份吐温-20溶于100重量份水中，制得水相；
S3.将30重量份水相滴加于70重量份油相中，乳化，凝胶化反应15min，离心，洗涤，300℃煅烧1h，制得氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
S4.将10重量份步骤S3制得的氧化锌/氧化锆微球分散于100重量份水中，加入12重量份多巴胺盐酸盐和0.1重量份催化剂，加热至35℃，搅拌反应1h，制得聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
所述催化剂为pH＝5.5的Tris-HCl溶液；
S5.将步骤S4制得的聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球在1200℃焙烧2h，制得远红外发热颗粒。
制备例2远红外发热颗粒的制备
方法如下：
S1.将15重量份锆酸四丁酯、1重量份司盘-40溶于70重量份石油醚中，制得油相；
S2.将12重量份氯化锌、2重量份吐温-40溶于100重量份水中，制得水相；
S3.将50重量份水相滴加于100重量份油相中，乳化，凝胶化反应20min，离心，洗涤，500℃煅烧2h，制得氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
S4.将15重量份步骤S3制得的氧化锌/氧化锆微球分散于100重量份水中，加入17重量份多巴胺盐酸盐和0.2重量份催化剂，加热至45℃，搅拌反应2h，制得聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
所述催化剂为pH＝6的Tris-HCl溶液；
S5.将步骤S4制得的聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球在1500℃焙烧3h，制得远红外发热颗粒。
制备例3远红外发热颗粒的制备
方法如下：
S1.将12重量份锆酸四丁酯、0.7重量份司盘-80溶于60重量份正己烷中，制得油相；
S2.将10重量份氯化锌、1.5重量份吐温-80溶于100重量份水中，制得水相；
S3.将40重量份水相滴加于85重量份油相中，乳化，凝胶化反应17min，离心，洗涤，400℃煅烧1.5h，制得氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
S4.将12重量份步骤S3制得的氧化锌/氧化锆微球分散于100重量份水中，加入15重量份多巴胺盐酸盐和0.15重量份催化剂，加热至40℃，搅拌反应1.5h，制得聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
所述催化剂为pH＝5.7的Tris-HCl溶液；
S5.将步骤S4制得的聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球在1350℃焙烧2.5h，制得远红外发热颗粒。
对比制备例1
与制备例3相比，不同之处在于，步骤S2中未添加氯化锌。
对比制备例2
与制备例3相比，不同之处在于，步骤S1中未添加锆酸四丁酯。
对比制备例3
与制备例3相比，不同之处在于，未进行步骤S4。
对比制备例4
与制备例3相比，不同之处在于，未进行步骤S5。
实施例1
一种发热保暖面料，在纯棉面料上均匀浸渍一层发热保暖涂料，所述发热保暖涂料由以下原料按重量份制备而成：聚丙烯酰胺40份、制备例1制得的远红外发热颗粒5份、二氧化硅气凝胶3份、瓜尔胶1份、双(3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)硫醚0.1份、去离子水70份。
制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)将发热保暖涂料中各组分按比例混合均匀，制得发热保暖涂料；
(2)将纯棉面料浸渍在发热保暖涂料中，浴比为1:30，浸渍15min，取出，85℃干燥35min，制得发热保暖面料。
实施例2
一种发热保暖面料，在纯棉面料上均匀浸渍一层发热保暖涂料，所述发热保暖涂料由以下原料按重量份制备而成：聚丙烯酰胺50份、制备例2制得的远红外发热颗粒10份、二氧化硅气凝胶5份、海藻酸钠2份、2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚0.4份、去离子水90份。
制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)将发热保暖涂料中各组分按比例混合均匀，制得发热保暖涂料；
(2)将纯棉面料浸渍在发热保暖涂料中，浴比为1:50，浸渍30min，取出，95℃干燥45min，制得发热保暖面料。
实施例3
一种发热保暖面料，在纯棉面料上均匀浸渍一层发热保暖涂料，所述发热保暖涂料由以下原料按重量份制备而成：聚丙烯酰胺45份、制备例3制得的远红外发热颗粒7份、二氧化硅气凝胶4份、羟丙基甲基纤维素1.5份、三(十六碳醇)酯0.25份、去离子水80份。
制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)将发热保暖涂料中各组分按比例混合均匀，制得发热保暖涂料；
(2)将纯棉面料浸渍在发热保暖涂料中，浴比为1:40，浸渍22min，取出，90℃干燥40min，制得发热保暖面料。
对比例1
与实施例3相比，不同之处在于，远红外发热颗粒由对比制备例1制得。
对比例2
与实施例3相比，不同之处在于，远红外发热颗粒由对比制备例2制得。
对比例3
与实施例3相比，不同之处在于，远红外发热颗粒由对比制备例3制得。
对比例4
与实施例3相比，不同之处在于，远红外发热颗粒由对比制备例4制得。
测试例1
将本发明实施例1-3和对比例1-4制得的发热保暖面料进行性能测试。
采用全自动强度测试仪对面料的力学性能进行表征。
采用接触角测试仪在25℃下进行测试。在面料表面滴水，并使用数码相机置于平视位置拍照，计算接触角。
参照FZ/T 73036-2010《吸湿发热针织内衣》测试吸湿发热保暖性能。
结果见表1。
由上表可知，本发明实施例1-3制得的发热保暖面料具有更好的综合性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种发热保暖面料，其特征在于，在纯棉面料上均匀浸渍一层发热保暖涂料，所述发热保暖涂料由以下原料按重量份制备而成：聚丙烯酰胺40-50份、远红外发热颗粒5-10份、二氧化硅气凝胶3-5份、增稠剂1-2份、抗氧剂0.1-0.4份、去离子水70-90份；
所述远红外发热颗粒的制备方法如下：
S1.将锆酸四丁酯、司盘溶于有机溶剂中，制得油相；
S2.将氯化锌、吐温溶于水中，制得水相；
S3.将水相滴加于油相中，乳化，凝胶化反应，离心，洗涤，煅烧，制得氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
S4.将步骤S3制得的氧化锌/氧化锆微球分散于水中，加入多巴胺盐酸盐和催化剂，加热搅拌反应，制得聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球；
S5.将步骤S4制得的聚多巴胺改性氧化锌/氧化锆微球焙烧，制得远红外发热颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述发热保暖面料，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述锆酸四丁酯、司盘和有机溶剂的质量比为10-15:0.5-1:50-70，所述司盘选自司盘-20、司盘-40、司盘-60、司盘-80中的至少一种，所述有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷、氯仿、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、乙酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸丁酯、环己烷、正己烷中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述发热保暖面料，其特征在于，步骤S2中所述氯化锌、吐温和水的质量比为7-12:1-2:100；所述吐温选自吐温-20、吐温-40、吐温-60、吐温-80中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述发热保暖面料，其特征在于，步骤S3中所述水相和油相的质量比为30-50:70-100，所述凝胶化反应的时间为15-20min，所述煅烧的温度为300-500℃，时间为1-2h。
5.根据权利要求1所述发热保暖面料，其特征在于，步骤S4中所述氧化锌/氧化锆微球、多巴胺盐酸盐和催化剂的质量比为10-15:12-17:0.1-0.2，所述催化剂为pH=5.5-6的Tris-HCl溶液，所述加热搅拌反应的温度为35-45℃，时间为1-2h。
6.根据权利要求1所述发热保暖面料，其特征在于，步骤S5中所述焙烧的温度为1200-1500℃，时间为2-3h。
7.根据权利要求1所述发热保暖面料，其特征在于，所述增稠剂选自甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟乙基纤维素、淀粉、明胶、海藻酸钠、干酪素、瓜尔胶、甲壳胺、阿拉伯树胶、黄原胶、大豆蛋白胶、天然橡胶、羊毛脂、琼脂、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氧化乙烯、卡波树脂、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酸酯共聚乳液、顺丁橡胶、丁苯橡胶、聚氨酯、改性聚脲、低分子聚乙烯蜡中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述发热保暖面料，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂选自二苯胺、对苯二胺、二氢喹啉、2，6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚、双(3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)硫醚、四〔β-(3，5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸〕季戊四醇酯、三辛酯、三癸酯、三(十二碳醇)酯和三(十六碳醇)酯中的至少一种。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述发热保暖面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将发热保暖涂料中各组分按比例混合均匀，制得发热保暖涂料；
（2）将纯棉面料浸渍在发热保暖涂料中，浴比为1:30-50，浸渍15-30min，取出，85-95℃干燥35-45min，制得发热保暖面料。
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