CN1162862A - 具有降低的总线谐波负载的开关型电源 - Google Patents

具有降低的总线谐波负载的开关型电源 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1162862A
CN1162862A CN97103044A CN97103044A CN1162862A CN 1162862 A CN1162862 A CN 1162862A CN 97103044 A CN97103044 A CN 97103044A CN 97103044 A CN97103044 A CN 97103044A CN 1162862 A CN1162862 A CN 1162862A
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diode
charging capacitor
power supply
voltage
circuit
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CN1055183C (zh
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莱因哈德·凯格尔
琼-保罗·洛弗尔
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Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
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Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4258—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a regulated and galvanically isolated DC output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

一种开关型电源，它具有改进的功率因数，也就是降低的总线谐波负载。按照本发明，感应线圈(LH)和二极管(DH)的结点(D)经第二二极管(DE)连接到具有固定电压的点(B)，尤其连接到储能电容器(CS)，其与充电电容器(CN)相比具有大电容，并经二极管(DN)形成的去耦元件连接到它。特别是用于电视机或录像机的开关型电源。

Description

具有降低的总线谐波 负载的开关型电源
本发明涉及在总线上具有降低的谐波负载的开关型电源。这种开关型电源公开在DE-OS 44 31 120中。该开关型电源使得利用较简单的电路显著并有效地改进所谓的功率因数成为可能，也就是说降低从总线获取的谐波。
业已发现，在开关晶体管截止的瞬时，由于电流被截止感应线圈感应一大电压脉冲，该电压脉冲经由隔离变压器的初级绕组送到开关晶体管的集电极。这一不需要的电压脉冲也未因耦合隔离变压器而降低，因为感应线圈设置在与隔离变压器分离的铁芯上，因而未耦合到隔离变压器。这一大电压脉冲一方面危害开关晶体管，另一方面产生不需要的干扰辐射。如果有必要，由于该电压脉冲，必须使用一个具有较高耐压的更贵的开关晶体管。然而在这种情况下，仍存在干扰辐射的问题。
本发明的目的是提供一种带简单电路装置的所述类型开关型电源，从而降低电压脉冲的幅度和由它引起的干扰辐射，开关晶体管不需要具有增大的耐压的晶体管。
因此本发明的要点是感应线圈和二极管的结点经第二二极管连接到具有固定电压的点。
按照本发明的措施显著降低了开关晶体管上由在开关晶体管截止瞬时感应线圈上感应的脉冲所引起的电压负载。那么开关晶体管不再受到危害，不需要使用具有增大的耐压的开关晶体管。因此通过增大功率因数，也就是降低总线上谐波负载的电路的效果不会受到按照本发明的措施的不利影响。该电路措施也相当简单，并仅需要市场上可构得的二极管而不需要特殊的二极管。
第二二极管最好连接到隔离变压器初级绕组连接到充电电容器的那一端。然后将所述结点的脉冲电压限制于初级绕组该端的直流电压，其数值对该晶体管是不危险的。同时，初级绕组的这一端最好连接到与充电电容器相比大的储能电容器，并经一个去耦元件连接到充电电容器。在这种情况下去耦元件最好由二极管构成。
第二二极管也可连接到任何需要的具有固定电压的点。这种情况下的电压必须足够大，使得尤其在开关晶体管导通的时间期间二极管不影响电路的其它效果，并仍然产生足够低数值的限定。
下面参照附图解释本发明。所附的单张图表示出了应用按照本发明的解决方案的所述已知电路。
该图示出了开关型电源的配置。该示图表示出总线电压UN，总线整流器BR，限流电阻R1，充电电容CN，具有初级绕组W1和次级绕组W2的隔离变压器Tr，开关晶体管T1，用于产生负载R2的滤波电容C1上的工作电压U2的二极管D1，以及由次级提供的控制电路S，用于为稳定工作电压U2而控制开关晶体管T1。用去耦二极管DN使充电电容CN与储能电容CS互相去耦。此外，由感应线圈LH和二极管DH构成的串联电路被插在充电电容器CN与初级绕组W1的抽头A之间。
充电电容器CN上的电压是脉动正弦电压，由于相对小的充电电容器CN的结果，该正弦电压不下降到零，然而，在UN的过零区中，那里具有恒定值。与充电电容器CN相比大的储能电容器CS上的电压UB是已滤波的直流电压，其在一半周期期间实际上不下降。然而，二极管DN形成CS的第一充电路径，在其自身上产生不希望的包含谐波的电流。此时由LH和DH构成的串联电路形成CS的第二充电路径。由于特别选择LH值和抽头A位置的结果，在UN最大值的区域中额外的充电电流在CS中流过。该充电电流具有比流经DN的充电电流长的持续期间和小的幅度，因此从总线得到的电流具有明显较低的谐波成分并更加接近于理想正弦波形。在至此所描述电路的情况下，在开关晶体管T1截止的瞬时在点D感应线圈LH产生正电压脉冲P，该电压脉冲P危害开关晶体管T1并产生不希望的干扰辐射。
此外，此时点D经二极管DE连接到点B，也就是连接到储能电容器CS。撇开二极管DE大约0.7伏的较小正向电压不论，这导致点D的电压脉冲P不可能超过点B的电压值。这意味着点D的电压脉冲P被限制为点B电压UB的值。但是该电压UB对晶体管T1而言是不危险的，也不产生过大量的干扰辐射。
二极管DE也可连接在点D与一具有大致处在电压UB量值数量级上的固定电压的另一点之间。

Claims (4)

1、一种开关型电源具有降低的总线谐波负载，在这种开关型电源的情况下总线整流器(BR)的输出端连接到充电电容器(CN)及由变压器(Tr)的初级绕组(W1)和开关晶体管(T1)形成的串联电路，充电电容(CN)经过由感应线圈(LH)和二极管(DH)形成的串联电路连接到初级绕组(W1)上的抽头(A)，其特征在于：感应线圈(LH)和二极管(DH)的结点(D)经第二二极管(DE)连接到固定电压的点(B)。
2、按照权利要求1的电路，其特征在于：第二二极管(DE)连接到初级绕组(W1)连接到充电电容器(CN)的那一端。
3、按照权利要求2的电路，其特征在于：初级绕组(W1)的端点(B)连接到储能电容器(CS)，储能电容器(CS)与充电电容器(CN)相比较是大电容，并经去耦元件(DN)连接到充电电容器(CN)。
4、按照权利要求3的电路，其特征在于：去耦元件是由二极管(DN)形成的。
CN97103044A 1996-03-19 1997-03-14 具有降低的总线谐波负载的开关型电源 Expired - Lifetime CN1055183C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19610762.8 1996-03-19
DE19610762A DE19610762A1 (de) 1996-03-19 1996-03-19 Schaltnetzteil mit verringerter Oberwellenbelastung des Netzes

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CN1162862A true CN1162862A (zh) 1997-10-22
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US (1) US6088242A (zh)
EP (1) EP0797288B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3774023B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1055183C (zh)
DE (2) DE19610762A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100357859C (zh) * 2002-10-18 2007-12-26 汤姆森许可贸易公司 总线控制电源开关
CN107534386A (zh) * 2015-04-24 2018-01-02 施密徳豪泽股份公司 直流电压转换器

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CN107534386A (zh) * 2015-04-24 2018-01-02 施密徳豪泽股份公司 直流电压转换器
CN107534386B (zh) * 2015-04-24 2020-05-05 施密徳豪泽股份公司 直流电压转换器

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Publication number Publication date
EP0797288A1 (de) 1997-09-24
DE59710323D1 (de) 2003-07-31
JP3774023B2 (ja) 2006-05-10
JPH09331676A (ja) 1997-12-22
EP0797288B1 (de) 2003-06-25
US6088242A (en) 2000-07-11
DE19610762A1 (de) 1997-09-25
CN1055183C (zh) 2000-08-02

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