CN116180327A - 一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN116180327A
CN116180327A CN202310022162.4A CN202310022162A CN116180327A CN 116180327 A CN116180327 A CN 116180327A CN 202310022162 A CN202310022162 A CN 202310022162A CN 116180327 A CN116180327 A CN 116180327A
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parts
tensile
woven fabric
filler
fiber
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CN116180327B (zh
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朱云斌
郑洋
曹克静
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Jiangsu Shengfang Nano Material Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Shengfang Nano Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本申请涉及无纺布技术领域,具体公开了一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺。本申请的抗拉无纺布,包括以下重量份原料:聚乙烯40‑60份、填料20‑30份、偶联剂10‑20份、碳纤维11‑15份、壳聚糖纤维7‑11份、蕉麻纤维14‑16份;上述配方简单,配比严谨,所得无纺布具有显著的抗拉性能和抗菌性能。本申请的抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂均匀混合,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,得复合纤维;S2、将复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固、热轧,得抗拉无纺布;上述生产工艺步骤简单,成本低,适合工业化生产,拓展了无纺布的应用市场。

Description

一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺
技术领域
本申请涉及无纺布技术领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺。
背景技术
随着经济与科技的不断发展,纺织品的种类越来越丰富,且纺织品的应用范围已经渗透到人们的生活与生产的各个方面,而作为纺织品中的重要角色—无纺布制品,其具有色彩丰富、鲜艳明丽、款式多样、时尚环保,且质轻、环保、可循环再利用等众多优点。无纺布是由定向的或是随机的纤维构成的,无纺布的制作工艺就是只需要将纺织短纤维或者是其长丝进行定向,或者是随机的排列而形成的纤网结构,然后采用机械、热粘或者是化学等加固方式进行加固而得。
聚乙烯是无纺布常用的原料,聚乙烯是乙烯经聚合制得的一种热塑性树脂,具有优良的耐低温性能,化学稳定性好,能耐大多数酸碱的侵蚀,但由于聚乙烯分子链是柔性链,且无极性基团存在,分子链间吸引力较小使得聚乙烯的力学性能一般,尤其是拉伸强度较低,使得聚乙烯无纺布的抗拉性能较差,限制了无纺布的发展与应用。因此,亟需提出一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺,以解决现有的无纺布的抗拉性能较差的问题,进一步拓展无纺布的应用范畴。
发明内容
为了解决现有的无纺布的抗拉性能较差的问题,本申请提供了一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺。
第一方面,本申请提供了一种抗拉无纺布,采用如下技术方案:
一种抗拉无纺布,包括以下重量份原料:聚乙烯40-60份、填料20-30份、偶联剂10-20份、碳纤维11-15份、壳聚糖纤维7-11份、蕉麻纤维14-16份;
所述填料,包括以下重量份原料:碳纳米管分散体16-18份、芦苇秆粉18-22份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮11-15份、槐糖脂1-4份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯1-2份、乙二醇30-50份。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请的抗拉无纺布的原料包括聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、蕉麻纤维,且将各组分的重量份控制在一定的范围内,各组分之间相互作用,使得无纺布的抗拉性能得到了显著地提高,且无纺布具有优异的抗菌性能;另外,所添加的填料由碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、槐糖脂、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯等原料组成,碳纳米管分散体具有良好的分散性,不易发生团聚,能够充分发挥自身的优异性能,与芦苇秆粉协同作用,能够极大程度地提高无纺布的抗拉性能,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮能够提高各组分之间的相容性,加强各组分之间的连接;硫代二丙酸二月桂酯具有良好的抗老化性能,使得无纺布持久耐用;且在槐糖脂的分散作用下,填料中的各组分分散得更加均匀,获得性能更佳的填料,从而进一步提高了无纺布的抗拉性能。
优选的,所述填料,由以下方法制得:
将碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、槐糖脂加入乙二醇中,在70-80℃下,以转速1100-1500r/min搅拌1-2h,抽滤,洗涤,得填料。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请在填料的制备过程中,控制各工艺参数,使得各组分紧密结合,获得综合性能更加优异的填料。
优选的,所述碳纳米管分散体,由以下方法制得:
按重量份,先将碳纳米管3-5份、木质素磺酸钠1-2份、N,N二甲基甲酰胺20-30份均匀混合,并进行超声分散,再进行冷冻干燥处理,完全冷冻后进行破碎,得碳纳米管分散体。
优选的,所述碳纳米管直径为25-35nm,长度为1-10μm。
优选的,所述超声条件为:温度为40-60℃,时间为30-50min,超声功率为2500-3500W。
优选的,所述冷冻干燥的条件为:温度为-15-(-10)℃,时间为2-3h。
通过上述技术方案,本申请采用木质素磺酸钠分散碳纳米管,并进行超声分散与冷冻干燥,获得的碳纳米管分散体的分散效果好,稳定度高,有效改善了碳纳米管易团聚的问题,碳纳米管分散体能够最大化表现出碳纳米管的优异特性。
优选的,所述芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将芦苇秆研磨成直径为10-20mm的粉末后,用浓度为8-10wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡1-2h后,过滤,再在紫外灯下照射1-2h,得芦苇秆粉。
优选的,所述芦苇秆与盐酸溶液的质量比为1:4-8。
优选的,所述紫外灯照射的条件为:功率为200-600W,波长为250-400nm。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请将芦苇秆研磨成粉末,先经酸处理,再经紫外灯照射,并控制各工艺参数,使得芦苇秆粉的表面生成活性基团,能够与其他组分进行有效结合,有利于提高无纺布的韧性和抗拉能力,使无纺布持久耐用。
优选的,所述聚乙烯由质量比为1:3-5的茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得。
优选的,所述茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为1-3g/10min,密度为0.942-0.962g/cc;所述低密度高压聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为2-6g/10min,密度为0.95-0.96g/cc。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请的聚乙烯由茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得,且二者的质量比控制在一定的范围内,同时还控制二者的熔体流动速率和密度,使得聚乙烯不仅具着高柔韧性和高延伸率,还能降低生产成本,减少能耗,提高生产效率。
优选的,所述偶联剂由质量比为2-5:7的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请的偶联剂由乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得,与聚丙烯、填料有较好的相容性,且二者协同增效,能够使聚丙烯和填料之间形成紧密的网络结构,进而使得无纺布的综合性能更加优异。
第二方面,本申请提供了一种抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,采用以下技术方案:
一种抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂进行均匀混合,在45-50℃搅拌反应1-2h后,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,得复合纤维;
S2、将步骤S1所得的复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固、热轧,得抗拉无纺布。
优选的,所述步骤S1的纺丝工艺参数为:纺丝温度为220-240℃,喷丝板孔径直径为0.2-0.6mm。
优选的,所述步骤S2的针刺工艺参数为:针刺频率为650-850刺/min,针刺密度为180-450刺/cm2,针刺深度为8-11mm。
优选的,所述步骤S2的热轧工艺参数为:温度为85-90℃,压力为1-1.2kg/m3,时间为10-20min。
通过采用上述技术方案,在抗拉无纺布的生产过程中,以控制纺丝工艺的参数来实现制得的复合纤维具有优异的力学性能;随后复合纤维与复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维进行梳理后铺网,通过控制针刺工艺参数和热轧参数,保证制得的抗拉无纺布的抗拉性能有所增强。本申请的抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,步骤简单,成本低,适合工业化生产,优化了抗拉无纺布的综合性能。
优选的,所述抗拉无纺布还进行了后整理:
将抗拉无纺布以浴比为1:10-20浸泡于整理液中,在50-60℃下浸泡40-60min后,水洗,烘干,即可。
优选的,所述整理液,由以下方法制得:
按重量份,将聚乙烯醇10-20份、纳米海泡石粉15-18份、肉桂酸4-6份、有机膨润土0.5-2.5份、硬脂酸钙1-3份加入水30-40份中,在40-60℃下,以转速600-800r/min搅拌1-2h,得整理液。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请的抗拉无纺布还进行了后整理,并以聚乙烯醇、纳米海泡石粉、肉桂酸、有机膨润土、硬脂酸钙等原料,形成整理液,抗拉无纺布在整理液的作用下,进一步加强了无纺布中的各纤维之间的连接,使得无纺布的内部结构更加紧密,同时在无纺布的表面形成一层保护膜,不仅修复了无纺布表面的缺陷,还提高了无纺布的耐磨、抗老化、抗菌性能,使得无纺布的综合性能更加优异。
综上所述,本申请具有以下有益效果:
1、本申请以聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、蕉麻纤维为无纺布的原料,且填料由碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、槐糖脂、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯等原料制得,所得无纺布具有优异的抗拉性能和显著的抑菌性能。
2、本申请的抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,步骤简单,成本低,适合工业化生产;且抗拉无纺布还进行了后整理,整理液包括聚乙烯醇、纳米海泡石粉、肉桂酸、有机膨润土、硬脂酸钙等原料,所得无纺布的综合性能更加优异,具有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
制备例1-5提供了碳纳米管分散体的制备方法。
制备例1
碳纳米管分散体,由以下方法制得:
先将碳纳米管30g、木质素磺酸钠10g、N,N二甲基甲酰胺200g均匀混合,并在40℃下,以超声功率2500W进行超声分散50min;再在-15℃下,冷冻干燥处理3h,完全冷冻后进行破碎,得碳纳米管分散体;
其中,碳纳米管直径为35nm,长度为1μm。
制备例2
碳纳米管分散体,由以下方法制得:
先将碳纳米管35g、木质素磺酸钠12g、N,N二甲基甲酰胺220g均匀混合,并在45℃下,以超声功率2800W进行超声分散45min;再在-14℃下,冷冻干燥处理2.8h,完全冷冻后进行破碎,得碳纳米管分散体;
其中,碳纳米管直径为32nm,长度为3μm。
制备例3
碳纳米管分散体,由以下方法制得:
先将碳纳米管40g、木质素磺酸钠15g、N,N二甲基甲酰胺250g均匀混合,并在50℃下,以超声功率3000W进行超声分散40min;再在-13℃下,冷冻干燥处理2.5h,完全冷冻后进行破碎,得碳纳米管分散体;
其中,碳纳米管直径为30nm,长度为5μm。
制备例4
碳纳米管分散体,由以下方法制得:
先将碳纳米管45g、木质素磺酸钠18g、N,N二甲基甲酰胺280g均匀混合,并在55℃下,以超声功率3200W进行超声分散35min;再在-12℃下,冷冻干燥处理2.3h,完全冷冻后进行破碎,得碳纳米管分散体;
其中,碳纳米管直径为28nm,长度为7μm。
制备例5
碳纳米管分散体,由以下方法制得:
先将碳纳米管50g、木质素磺酸钠20g、N,N二甲基甲酰胺300g均匀混合,并在60℃下,以超声功率3500W进行超声分散30min;再在-10℃下,冷冻干燥处理2h,完全冷冻后进行破碎,得碳纳米管分散体;
其中,碳纳米管直径为25nm,长度为10μm。
制备例6-10、对比制备例1、2提供了芦苇秆粉的制备方法。
制备例6
芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将10g芦苇秆研磨成直径为10mm的粉末后,用40g浓度为10wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡1h后,过滤,再在紫外灯下照射,功率为200W,波长为250nm,时间为2h,得芦苇秆粉。
制备例7
芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将10g芦苇秆研磨成直径为12mm的粉末后,用50g浓度为9.5wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡1.2h后,过滤,再在紫外灯下照射,功率为300W,波长为280nm,时间为1.8h,得芦苇秆粉。
制备例8
芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将10g芦苇秆研磨成直径为15mm的粉末后,用60g浓度为9wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡1.5h后,过滤,再在紫外灯下照射,功率为400W,波长为300nm,时间为1.5h,得芦苇秆粉。
制备例9
芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将10g芦苇秆研磨成直径为18mm的粉末后,用70g浓度为8.5wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡1.8h后,过滤,再在紫外灯下照射,功率为500W,波长为350nm,时间为1.2h,得芦苇秆粉。
制备例10
芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将10g芦苇秆研磨成直径为20mm的粉末后,用80g浓度为8wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡2h后,过滤,再在紫外灯下照射,功率为600W,波长为400nm,时间为1h,得芦苇秆粉。
对比制备例1
芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将10g芦苇秆研磨成直径为10mm的粉末后,再用40g浓度为10wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡1h后,过滤,得芦苇秆粉。
对比制备例2
芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将10g芦苇秆研磨成直径为10mm的粉末后,再在紫外灯下照射,功率为200W,波长为250nm,时间为2h,得芦苇秆粉。
制备例11-15、对比制备例3-7提供了填料及其制备方法。
制备例11
填料,包括以下原料:碳纳米管分散体160g、芦苇秆粉180g、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮110g、槐糖脂10g、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯10g、乙二醇300g;
其中,碳纳米管分散体由制备例1制得;芦苇秆粉由制备例6制得;
填料,由以下方法制得:
将碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、槐糖脂加入乙二醇中,在70℃下,以转速1100r/min搅拌2h,抽滤,洗涤,得填料。
制备例12
填料,包括以下原料:碳纳米管分散体165g、芦苇秆粉190g、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮120g、槐糖脂12g、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯12g、乙二醇350g;
其中,碳纳米管分散体由制备例2制得;芦苇秆粉由制备例7制得;
填料,由以下方法制得:
将碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、槐糖脂加入乙二醇中,在72℃下,以转速1200r/min搅拌1.8h,抽滤,洗涤,得填料。
制备例13
填料,包括以下原料:碳纳米管分散体170g、芦苇秆粉200g、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮130g、槐糖脂12.5g、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯15g、乙二醇400g;
其中,碳纳米管分散体由制备例3制得;芦苇秆粉由制备例8制得;填料,由以下方法制得:将碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、槐糖脂加入乙二醇中,在75℃下,以转速1300r/min搅拌1.5h,抽滤,洗涤,得填料。
制备例14
填料,包括以下原料:碳纳米管分散体175g、芦苇秆粉210g、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮140g、槐糖脂13g、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯18g、乙二醇450g;
其中,碳纳米管分散体由制备例4制得;芦苇秆粉由制备例9制得;
填料,由以下方法制得:
将碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、槐糖脂加入乙二醇中,在78℃下,以转速1400r/min搅拌1.2h,抽滤,洗涤,得填料。
制备例15
填料,包括以下原料:碳纳米管分散体180g、芦苇秆粉220g、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮150g、槐糖脂40g、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯20g、乙二醇500g;
其中,碳纳米管分散体由制备例5制得;芦苇秆粉由制备例10制得;填料,由以下方法制得:
将碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、槐糖脂加入乙二醇中,在80℃下,以转速1500r/min搅拌1h,抽滤,洗涤,得填料。
对比制备例3
对比制备例3,同制备例11,不同之处仅在于:用等量的碳纳米管替换碳纳米管分散体。
对比制备例4
对比制备例4,同制备例11,不同之处仅在于:芦苇秆粉由对比制备例1制得。
对比制备例5
对比制备例5,同制备例11,不同之处仅在于:芦苇秆粉由对比制备例2制得。
对比制备例6
对比制备例6,同制备例11,不同之处仅在于:将碳纳米管分散体全部替换为芦苇秆粉(制备例6)。
对比制备例7
对比制备例7,同制备例11,不同之处仅在于:将芦苇秆粉全部替换为碳纳米管分散体(制备例1)。
制备例16-20提供了整理液的制备方法。
制备例16
将聚乙烯醇100g、纳米海泡石粉150g、肉桂酸40g、有机膨润土5g、硬脂酸钙10g加入水300g中,在40℃下,以转速600r/min搅拌2h,得整理液。
制备例17
将聚乙烯醇120g、纳米海泡石粉155g、肉桂酸45g、有机膨润土10g、硬脂酸钙15g加入水330g中,在45℃下,以转速650r/min搅拌1.8h,得整理液。
制备例18
将聚乙烯醇150g、纳米海泡石粉160g、肉桂酸50g、有机膨润土15g、硬脂酸钙20g加入水350g中,在50℃下,以转速700r/min搅拌1.5h,得整理液。
制备例19
将聚乙烯醇170g、纳米海泡石粉170g、肉桂酸55g、有机膨润土20g、硬脂酸钙25g加入水380g中,在55℃下,以转速750r/min搅拌1.2h,得整理液。
制备例20
将聚乙烯醇200g、纳米海泡石粉180g、肉桂酸60g、有机膨润土25g、硬脂酸钙30g加入水400g中,在60℃下,以转速800r/min搅拌1h,得整理液。
实施例1-5提供了一种抗拉无纺布及其生产工艺。
实施例1
一种抗拉无纺布,包括以下原料:聚乙烯400g、填料200g、偶联剂100g、碳纤维110g、壳聚糖纤维70g、蕉麻纤维140g;
其中,聚乙烯由质量比为1:3的茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得;且茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为1g/10min,密度为0.942g/cc;低密度高压聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为2g/10min,密度为0.95g/cc;填料由制备例11制得;偶联剂由质量比为2:7的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得。
一种抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂进行均匀混合,在45℃搅拌反应1h后,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,喷丝板孔径直径为0.2mm,纺丝温度为220℃,得复合纤维;
S2、将步骤S1所得的复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固,针刺频率为650刺/min,针刺密度为180刺/cm2,针刺深度为8mm,在温度为85℃,压力为1kg/m3热轧10min,得无纺布;
S3、将步骤S2所得的无纺布以浴比为1:10浸泡于整理液中,在45℃下浸泡60min后,水洗,烘干,得抗拉无纺布;
其中,整理液由制备例16制得。
实施例2
一种抗拉无纺布,包括以下原料:聚乙烯450g、填料220g、偶联剂120g、碳纤维120g、壳聚糖纤维80g、蕉麻纤维145g;
其中,聚乙烯由质量比为1:3.5的茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得;且茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为1.5g/10min,密度为0.945g/cc;低密度高压聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为3g/10min,密度为0.955g/cc;填料由制备例12制得;偶联剂由质量比为3:7的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得。
一种抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂进行均匀混合,在46℃搅拌反应1.2h后,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,喷丝板孔径直径为0.3mm,纺丝温度为225℃,得复合纤维;
S2、将步骤S1所得的复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固,针刺频率为700刺/min,针刺密度为200刺/cm2,针刺深度为8.5mm,在温度为86℃,压力为1.05kg/m3热轧12min,得无纺布;
S3、将步骤S2所得的无纺布以浴比为1:12浸泡于整理液中,在52℃下浸泡55min后,水洗,烘干,得抗拉无纺布;
其中,整理液由制备例17制得。
实施例3
一种抗拉无纺布,包括以下原料:聚乙烯500g、填料250g、偶联剂150g、碳纤维130g、壳聚糖纤维90g、蕉麻纤维150g、整理液800g;
其中,聚乙烯由质量比为1:4的茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得;且茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为2g/10min,密度为0.948g/cc;低密度高压聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为4g/10min,密度为0.955g/cc;填料由制备例13制得;偶联剂由质量比为4:7的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得。
一种抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂进行均匀混合,在48℃搅拌反应1.5h后,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,喷丝板孔径直径为0.4mm,纺丝温度为230℃,得复合纤维;
S2、将步骤S1所得的复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固,针刺频率为750刺/min,针刺密度为300刺/cm2,针刺深度为9mm,在温度为88℃,压力为1.1kg/m3热轧15min,得无纺布;
S3、将步骤S2所得的无纺布以浴比为1:15浸泡于整理液中,在55℃下浸泡50min后,水洗,烘干,得抗拉无纺布;
其中,整理液由制备例18制得。
实施例4
一种抗拉无纺布,包括以下原料:聚乙烯550g、填料280g、偶联剂170g、碳纤维140g、壳聚糖纤维100g、蕉麻纤维155g;
其中,聚乙烯由质量比为1:4.5的茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得;且茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为2.5g/10min,密度为0.952g/cc;低密度高压聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为5g/10min,密度为0.955g/cc;填料由制备例14制得;偶联剂由质量比为4.5:7的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得。
一种抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂进行均匀混合,在49℃搅拌反应1.8h后,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,喷丝板孔径直径为0.5mm,纺丝温度为235℃,得复合纤维;
S2、将步骤S1所得的复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固,针刺频率为800刺/min,针刺密度为380刺/cm2,针刺深度为10mm,在温度为89℃,压力为1.15kg/m3热轧18min,得无纺布;
S3、将步骤S2所得的无纺布以浴比为1:18浸泡于整理液中,在58℃下浸泡45min后,水洗,烘干,得抗拉无纺布;
其中,整理液由制备例19制得。
实施例5
一种抗拉无纺布,包括以下原料:聚乙烯600g、填料300g、偶联剂200g、碳纤维150g、壳聚糖纤维110g、蕉麻纤维160g;
其中,聚乙烯由质量比为1:5的茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得;且茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为3g/10min,密度为0.962g/cc;低密度高压聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为6g/10min,密度为0.96g/cc;填料由制备例15制得;偶联剂由质量比为5:7的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得。
一种抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂进行均匀混合,在50℃搅拌反应2h后,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,喷丝板孔径直径为0.6mm,纺丝温度为240℃,得复合纤维;
S2、将步骤S1所得的复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固,针刺频率为850刺/min,针刺密度为450刺/cm2,针刺深度为11mm,在温度为90℃,压力为1.2kg/m3热轧20min,得无纺布;
S3、将步骤S2所得的无纺布以浴比为1:20浸泡于整理液中,在60℃下浸泡40min后,水洗,烘干,得抗拉无纺布;
其中,整理液由制备例20制得。
为了验证本申请实施例1-5中抗拉无纺布的性能,申请人设置了对比例1-9,具体如下:
对比例1
对比例1,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:聚乙烯仅为茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯。
对比例2
对比例2,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:聚乙烯仅为低密度高压聚乙烯。
对比例3
对比例3,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:填料由对比制备例3制得。
对比例4
对比例4,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:填料由对比制备例4制得。
对比例5
对比例5,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:填料由对比制备例5制得。
对比例6
对比例6,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:填料由对比制备例6制得。
对比例7
对比例7,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:填料由对比制备例7制得。
对比例8
对比例8,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:偶联剂仅为乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷。
对比例9
对比例9,同实施例1,不同之处仅在于:偶联剂仅为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
分别检测本申请实施例1-5和对比例1-9中抗拉无纺布的性能,得出如下结果参数,具体见表1:
抗拉性能:参照GB/T328.9-2007进行无纺布的纵向抗拉强度及横向抗拉强度测定;
抑菌率:参照GB/T20944.3-2008进行无纺布的抑菌率测定,所用菌种为金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 6538)。
表1:
Figure BDA0004042895480000121
由上述表1显示数据可知:本申请实施例1-5中制得无纺布的性能优于对比例1-9中制得的无纺布,无纺布的横向抗拉强度和纵向抗拉强度都较大,且抑菌率较高,说明无纺布的性能优异,扩大了无纺布的应用前景。
由实施例1和对比例1、2可知:实施例1中的聚丙烯由茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得,较对比例1、2可知,实施例1制得的无纺布的抗拉强度较高。
由实施例1和对比例3可知:实施例1中填料由制备例11制得,且制备例11中碳纳米管分散体由制备例1制得,较对比例3直接采用碳纳米管,实施例1制得的无纺布具有优异的抗拉性能和抗菌性能。
由实施例1和对比例4、5可知:实施例1中填料由制备例11制得,且制备例11中的芦苇秆粉由制备例6制得,先酸化,再经紫外灯照射,较对比例4、5,实施例1制得的无纺布的抗拉性能得到显著增强。
由实施例1和对比例6、7可知:实施例1中填料由制备例11制得,且制备例11中包括碳纳米管分散体与芦苇秆粉,较对比例6、7,实施例1制得的无纺布的抗拉性能更佳。
由实施例1和对比例8、9可知:实施例1中偶联剂由乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得,较对比例8、9,实施例1制得的无纺布的抗拉性能得到了有效提高,无纺布的综合性能更加优异。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (9)

1.一种抗拉无纺布,其特征在于,包括以下重量份原料:聚乙烯40-60份、填料20-30份、偶联剂10-20份、碳纤维11-15份、壳聚糖纤维7-11份、蕉麻纤维14-16份;
所述填料,包括以下重量份原料:碳纳米管分散体16-18份、芦苇秆粉18-22份、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮11-15份、槐糖脂1-4份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯1-2份、乙二醇30-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗拉无纺布,其特征在于,所述填料,由以下方法制得:
将碳纳米管分散体、芦苇秆粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、槐糖脂加入乙二醇中,在70-80℃下,以转速1100-1500r/min搅拌1-2h,抽滤,洗涤,得填料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的抗拉无纺布,其特征在于,所述碳纳米管分散体,由以下方法制得:
按重量份,先将碳纳米管3-5份、木质素磺酸钠1-2份、N,N二甲基甲酰胺20-30份均匀混合,并进行超声分散,再进行冷冻干燥处理,完全冷冻后进行破碎,得碳纳米管分散体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗拉无纺布,其特征在于,所述芦苇秆粉,由以下方法制得:
先将芦苇秆研磨成直径为10-20mm的粉末后,用浓度为8-10wt%的盐酸溶液浸泡1-2h后,过滤,再在紫外灯下照射1-2h,得芦苇秆粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗拉无纺布,其特征在于,所述聚乙烯由质量比为1:3-5的茂金属线型低密度聚乙烯和低密度高压聚乙烯混合而得。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗拉无纺布,其特征在于,所述偶联剂由质量比为2-5:7的乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷混合而得。
7.一种权利要求1-6任一项所述的抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、将聚乙烯、填料、偶联剂进行均匀混合,在45-50℃搅拌反应1-2h后,得预混料;预混料经熔融纺丝,得复合纤维;
S2、将步骤S1所得的复合纤维、碳纤维、壳聚糖纤维、焦麻纤维经混合、开松、梳理、针刺加固、热轧,得抗拉无纺布。
8.根据权利要求7所述的抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述抗拉无纺布还进行了后整理:
将抗拉无纺布以浴比为1:10-20浸泡于整理液中,在50-60℃下浸泡40-60min后,水洗,烘干,即可。
9.根据权利要求7所述的抗拉无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述整理液,由以下方法制得:
按重量份,将聚乙烯醇10-20份、纳米海泡石粉15-18份、肉桂酸4-6份、有机膨润土0.5-2.5份、硬脂酸钙1-3份加入水30-40份中,在40-60℃下,以转速600-800r/min搅拌1-2h,得整理液。
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