CN114369902B - 一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，使用香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维通过加工复合后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维是通过将玉米淀粉纤维使用香茅提取物改性处理后得到。本发明使用高吸水性的玉米淀粉纤维作为主料，使用聚丙烯纤维增强了玉米淀粉纤维的结构强度，使用香茅提取物增强了玉米淀粉纤维的抑菌性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯弹性体领域，具体涉及一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布。
背景技术
无纺布，又称不织布，是由定向的或随机的纤维而构成，因具有布的外观与某些性能而称其为布，无纺布具有防潮、透气、柔韧、质轻、不助燃、容易分解、无毒无刺激性、色彩丰富、价格低廉、可循环再用等特点，如多采用聚丙烯粒料为原料，经高温熔融、喷丝、铺纲、热压卷取连续一步法生产而成，无纺布没有经纬线，剪裁和缝纫都非常方便，而且质轻容易定型，深受手工爱好者的喜爱，因为它是一种不需要纺纱织布而形成的织物，只是将纺织短纤维或者长丝进行定向或随机排列，形成纤网结构，然后采用机械、热粘或化学等方法加固而成。
现有吸水无纺布，大都采用两层无纺布夹着一层或多层吸水层制备而成，这种无纺布的结构强度低，且大都不存在抑菌功能，不适于医用。
发明内容
针对现有吸水无纺布存在结构强度低、不存在抑菌功能问题，本发明的目的是提供一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布。
本发明的目的采用以下技术方案来实现：
一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，使用香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维通过加工复合后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维是通过将玉米淀粉纤维使用香茅提取物改性处理后得到。
优选地，所述香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与所述聚丙烯纤维的质量比为5～8:1～3。
优选地，所述加工复合是使用气流成网机直接成网。
优选地，所述玉米淀粉纤维在使用香茅提取物改性处理之前先进行活化处理。
优选地，所述玉米淀粉纤维活化处理的方法为：
将玉米淀粉纤维分散至纯化水中，加入丙烯酰胺与氯化钠，超声处理均匀后，升温至45～55℃，搅拌处理1～3h，过滤后，得到玉米淀粉纤维活化物。
优选地，所述玉米淀粉纤维、丙烯酰胺、氯化钠与纯化水的质量比为1:0.05～0.1:0.02～0.05:8～10。
优选地，所述香茅提取物的制备方法为：
S1.将新鲜的香茅叶清洗干净后，捣碎成浆液，得到香茅叶浆液；
S2.将香茅叶浆液与去离子水混合，置于常温条件下超声处理，得到香茅叶混液；
S3.将香茅叶混液滤除沉淀后，减压浓缩，得到香茅叶减压浓缩液；
S4.将香茅叶减压浓缩液使用Sevage法脱蛋白后，滤除沉淀，得到香茅叶脱蛋白液；
S5.将香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液混合，搅拌混合均匀后，静置醇沉，离心取下层沉淀，干燥处理后，得到香茅提取物。
优选地，所述S2中，香茅叶浆液与去离子水的质量比为1:1.5～2，超声处理的时间为0.2～0.5h。
优选地，所述S3中，香茅叶减压浓缩液的体积是香茅叶混液体积的1/3～1/2。
优选地，所述S4中，Sevage法脱蛋白使用的Sevage试剂为氯仿与正丁醇按照体积比为5:1混合；Sevage试剂的加入量是香茅叶减压浓缩液体积的1/5～1/4。
优选地，所述S5中，乙醇溶液的质量分数大于或等于90％，香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液的体积比为1:3～5。
优选地，所述S5中，静置醇沉是在冰水浴条件下进行，静置醇沉时间为8～12h。
优选地，所述香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维的制备方法为：
将香茅提取物溶于二氯甲烷中，加入玉米淀粉纤维活化物，超声分散均匀后，减压干燥，使得香茅提取物完全沉积在玉米淀粉纤维上，得到香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维。
优选地，所述香茅提取物、玉米淀粉纤维活化物与二氯甲烷的质量比为0.2～0.4:1:4～6。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明使用高吸水性的玉米淀粉纤维作为主料，使用聚丙烯纤维增强了玉米淀粉纤维的结构强度，使用香茅提取物增强了玉米淀粉纤维的抑菌性。
由于香茅本身具有较好的抗菌作用，本发明将其使用水提醇沉法进行提取，最终得到了香茅提取物，本发明将香茅提取物与玉米淀粉纤维复合，使其吸附在玉米淀粉纤维上，制备得到了具有抑菌功能的医用无纺布，结合聚丙烯纤维后力学强度得到增强，以及玉米淀粉纤维活化处理后吸水性也得到增强。
具体实施方式
下面结合以下实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1
一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，使用香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维使用气流成网机直接成网后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维是通过将玉米淀粉纤维先进行活化处理，再使用香茅提取物改性处理后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的质量比为7:2。
其中，玉米淀粉纤维活化处理的方法为：
将玉米淀粉纤维分散至纯化水中，加入丙烯酰胺与氯化钠，超声处理均匀后，升温至45～55℃，搅拌处理1h，过滤后，得到玉米淀粉纤维活化物；玉米淀粉纤维、丙烯酰胺、氯化钠与纯化水的质量比为1:0.05:0.02:8。
香茅提取物的制备方法为：
S1.将新鲜的香茅叶清洗干净后，捣碎成浆液，得到香茅叶浆液；
S2.将香茅叶浆液与去离子水混合，置于常温条件下超声处理，得到香茅叶混液；香茅叶浆液与去离子水的质量比为1:1.5，超声处理的时间为0.2h；
S3.将香茅叶混液滤除沉淀后，减压浓缩，得到香茅叶减压浓缩液；香茅叶减压浓缩液的体积是香茅叶混液体积的1/3～1/2；
S4.将香茅叶减压浓缩液使用Sevage法脱蛋白后，滤除沉淀，得到香茅叶脱蛋白液；Sevage法脱蛋白使用的Sevage试剂为氯仿与正丁醇按照体积比为5:1混合；Sevage试剂的加入量是香茅叶减压浓缩液体积的1/5～1/4；
S5.将香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液混合，搅拌混合均匀后，静置醇沉，离心取下层沉淀，干燥处理后，得到香茅提取物；乙醇溶液的质量分数大于或等于90％，香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液的体积比为1:3；静置醇沉是在冰水浴条件下进行，静置醇沉时间为8h。
香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维的制备方法为：
将香茅提取物溶于二氯甲烷中，加入玉米淀粉纤维活化物，超声分散均匀后，减压干燥，使得香茅提取物完全沉积在玉米淀粉纤维上，得到香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维；香茅提取物、玉米淀粉纤维活化物与二氯甲烷的质量比为0.2:1:4。
经检测，由实施例1制备的医用抑菌吸水无纺布的拉伸强度为31.2MPa，吸水率为37％，对大肠杆菌抗菌性＞90％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性＞90％。
实施例2
一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，使用香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维使用气流成网机直接成网后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维是通过将玉米淀粉纤维先进行活化处理，再使用香茅提取物改性处理后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的质量比为5:1。
其中，玉米淀粉纤维活化处理的方法为：
将玉米淀粉纤维分散至纯化水中，加入丙烯酰胺与氯化钠，超声处理均匀后，升温至45～55℃，搅拌处理2h，过滤后，得到玉米淀粉纤维活化物；玉米淀粉纤维、丙烯酰胺、氯化钠与纯化水的质量比为1:0.1:0.02:10。
香茅提取物的制备方法为：
S1.将新鲜的香茅叶清洗干净后，捣碎成浆液，得到香茅叶浆液；
S2.将香茅叶浆液与去离子水混合，置于常温条件下超声处理，得到香茅叶混液；香茅叶浆液与去离子水的质量比为1:2，超声处理的时间为0.5h；
S3.将香茅叶混液滤除沉淀后，减压浓缩，得到香茅叶减压浓缩液；香茅叶减压浓缩液的体积是香茅叶混液体积的1/3～1/2；
S4.将香茅叶减压浓缩液使用Sevage法脱蛋白后，滤除沉淀，得到香茅叶脱蛋白液；Sevage法脱蛋白使用的Sevage试剂为氯仿与正丁醇按照体积比为5:1混合；Sevage试剂的加入量是香茅叶减压浓缩液体积的1/5～1/4；
S5.将香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液混合，搅拌混合均匀后，静置醇沉，离心取下层沉淀，干燥处理后，得到香茅提取物；乙醇溶液的质量分数大于或等于90％，香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液的体积比为1:4；静置醇沉是在冰水浴条件下进行，静置醇沉时间为10h。
香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维的制备方法为：
将香茅提取物溶于二氯甲烷中，加入玉米淀粉纤维活化物，超声分散均匀后，减压干燥，使得香茅提取物完全沉积在玉米淀粉纤维上，得到香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维；香茅提取物、玉米淀粉纤维活化物与二氯甲烷的质量比为0.3:1:5。
经检测，由实施例1制备的医用抑菌吸水无纺布的拉伸强度为32.5MPa，吸水率为34％，对大肠杆菌抗菌性＞90％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性＞90％。
实施例3
一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，使用香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维使用气流成网机直接成网后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维是通过将玉米淀粉纤维先进行活化处理，再使用香茅提取物改性处理后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维的质量比为8:3。
其中，玉米淀粉纤维活化处理的方法为：
将玉米淀粉纤维分散至纯化水中，加入丙烯酰胺与氯化钠，超声处理均匀后，升温至45～55℃，搅拌处理3h，过滤后，得到玉米淀粉纤维活化物；玉米淀粉纤维、丙烯酰胺、氯化钠与纯化水的质量比为1:0.05:0.05:10。
香茅提取物的制备方法为：
S1.将新鲜的香茅叶清洗干净后，捣碎成浆液，得到香茅叶浆液；
S2.将香茅叶浆液与去离子水混合，置于常温条件下超声处理，得到香茅叶混液；香茅叶浆液与去离子水的质量比为1:2，超声处理的时间为0.5h；
S3.将香茅叶混液滤除沉淀后，减压浓缩，得到香茅叶减压浓缩液；香茅叶减压浓缩液的体积是香茅叶混液体积的1/3～1/2；
S4.将香茅叶减压浓缩液使用Sevage法脱蛋白后，滤除沉淀，得到香茅叶脱蛋白液；Sevage法脱蛋白使用的Sevage试剂为氯仿与正丁醇按照体积比为5:1混合；Sevage试剂的加入量是香茅叶减压浓缩液体积的1/5～1/4；
S5.将香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液混合，搅拌混合均匀后，静置醇沉，离心取下层沉淀，干燥处理后，得到香茅提取物；乙醇溶液的质量分数大于或等于90％，香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液的体积比为1:5；静置醇沉是在冰水浴条件下进行，静置醇沉时间为12h。
香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维的制备方法为：
将香茅提取物溶于二氯甲烷中，加入玉米淀粉纤维活化物，超声分散均匀后，减压干燥，使得香茅提取物完全沉积在玉米淀粉纤维上，得到香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维；香茅提取物、玉米淀粉纤维活化物与二氯甲烷的质量比为0.4:1:6。
经检测，由实施例1制备的医用抑菌吸水无纺布的拉伸强度为34.7MPa，吸水率为33％，对大肠杆菌抗菌性＞90％，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性＞90％。
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，其特征在于，使用香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与聚丙烯纤维通过加工复合后得到；其中，香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维是通过将玉米淀粉纤维使用香茅提取物改性处理后得到；
所述香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维的制备方法为：
将香茅提取物溶于二氯甲烷中，加入玉米淀粉纤维活化物，超声分散均匀后，减压干燥，使得香茅提取物完全沉积在玉米淀粉纤维上，得到香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维；
所述香茅提取物、玉米淀粉纤维活化物与二氯甲烷的质量比为0.2～0.4:1:4～6；
所述玉米淀粉纤维在使用香茅提取物改性处理之前先进行活化处理；
所述玉米淀粉纤维活化处理的方法为：
将玉米淀粉纤维分散至纯化水中，加入丙烯酰胺与氯化钠，超声处理均匀后，升温至45～55℃，搅拌处理1～3h，过滤后，得到玉米淀粉纤维活化物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，其特征在于，所述香茅提取物/玉米淀粉纤维与所述聚丙烯纤维的质量比为5～8:1～3。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，其特征在于，所述加工复合是使用气流成网机直接成网。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，其特征在于，所述玉米淀粉纤维、丙烯酰胺、氯化钠与纯化水的质量比为1:0.05～0.1:0.02～0.05:8～10。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，其特征在于，所述香茅提取物的制备方法为：
S1.将新鲜的香茅叶清洗干净后，捣碎成浆液，得到香茅叶浆液；
S2.将香茅叶浆液与去离子水混合，置于常温条件下超声处理，得到香茅叶混液；
S3.将香茅叶混液滤除沉淀后，减压浓缩，得到香茅叶减压浓缩液；
S4.将香茅叶减压浓缩液使用Sevage法脱蛋白后，滤除沉淀，得到香茅叶脱蛋白液；
S5.将香茅叶脱蛋白液与乙醇溶液混合，搅拌混合均匀后，静置醇沉，离心取下层沉淀，干燥处理后，得到香茅提取物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种医用抑菌吸水无纺布，其特征在于，S2中，香茅叶浆液与去离子水的质量比为1:1.5～2，超声处理的时间为0.2～0.5h。
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