CN116120122A - Selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing polyase and preparation method of selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing polyase and preparation method of selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer Download PDF

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CN116120122A
CN116120122A CN202310189288.0A CN202310189288A CN116120122A CN 116120122 A CN116120122 A CN 116120122A CN 202310189288 A CN202310189288 A CN 202310189288A CN 116120122 A CN116120122 A CN 116120122A
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selenium
fertilizer
organic fertilizer
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赵鹏
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Shijiazhuang Zhongnong Xingtai Biological Science & Technology Co ltd
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Shijiazhuang Zhongnong Xingtai Biological Science & Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a polyase and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The invention relates to a poly-tenase selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials: chicken manure, corn stalk, aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, aspergillus oryzae, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, chitosan oligosaccharide, iminodisuccinic acid and algal polysaccharide. The invention takes selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt as a selenium source, takes chicken manure and corn straw as organic raw materials, adopts specific microbial inoculum to ferment and produce organic fertilizer, and simultaneously adds biological hormone and seaweed extract to promote the crops to enrich selenium. Meanwhile, the content of water-soluble heavy metals in the soil is reduced, the forced injury of the heavy metals to the growth of crops is reduced, the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are fixed, the growth of the crops is promoted, and the yield of the crops is improved.

Description

Selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing polyase and preparation method of selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a polyase and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Selenium (Se) is one of 15 kinds of nutrients necessary for human body, and it is proved by a great number of clinical experiments at home and abroad that selenium deficiency of human body can cause dysfunction of some important organs, resulting in occurrence of a plurality of serious diseases. For example, selenium deficiency can result in insufficient protein supply, failure to produce sufficient calories to supply the body's needs, resulting in malnutrition, growth and development disorders, and wasting. Selenium deficiency can increase the occurrence risk of cardiovascular diseases, and human selenium deficiency can cause myocardial cell injury due to accumulation of lipid peroxide, can not play a role in protecting cardiac muscle, and can increase morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Researches show that the low-selenium or selenium-deficient people can not only prevent tumors, liver diseases and the like, but also improve the immunity of organisms, maintain the normal functions of important organs such as heart, liver, lung, stomach and the like, and prevent senile cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by supplementing a proper amount of selenium.
The edible reinforced selenium medicine and food preparation is a main mode of supplementing selenium at present, but the medicine and food preparation has low utilization rate in human body and has side effect risk. Research shows that selenium which is most easily absorbed by human body is organic selenium in plants, the plants are key carriers for converting inorganic selenium into organic selenium in nature, and selenium-rich crops are taken as important organic selenium converters and are the best mode for human to ingest selenium.
The selenium-rich biological organic fertilizer is a selenium-rich organic fertilizer with biological activity, and the selenium content in soil can be increased by applying the selenium-rich biological organic fertilizer, so that crops can draw selenium element from the soil to produce and manufacture selenium-rich agricultural products. Most of the existing selenium-rich fertilizers are directly added with inorganic selenium or organic selenium, so that the selenium content in the soil is improved, but the selenium-rich fertilizers have no remarkable promotion effect on the absorption and conversion of selenium elements by crops, so that the selenium elements in the soil are excessive after the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizers are applied for a long time, and environmental pollution is easy to cause. Therefore, the novel selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer is provided, and the improvement of the selenium-rich amount of crops and the reduction of environmental pollution are very critical.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a poly-tenase and a preparation method thereof. The invention takes selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt as a selenium source, takes chicken manure and corn straw as organic raw materials, adopts specific microbial inoculum to ferment and produce organic fertilizer, and simultaneously adds biological hormone and seaweed extract to promote the crops to enrich selenium. Meanwhile, the content of water-soluble heavy metals in the soil is reduced, the forced injury of the heavy metals to the growth of crops is reduced, the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are fixed, the growth of the crops is promoted, and the yield of the crops is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a polyase, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 40 parts of chicken manure, 30 to 40 parts of corn stalk, 0.1 to 0.3 part of aspergillus niger, 0.1 to 0.3 part of saccharomycete, 0.1 to 0.3 part of aspergillus oryzae, 1 to 5 parts of selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, 1 to 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 to 5 parts of boron sulfate, 1 to 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.1 to 0.3 part of paenibacillus mucilaginosus, 3 to 8 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5 to 2.0 parts of iminodisuccinic acid and 4 to 9 parts of algal polysaccharide.
Preferably, the water content of the chicken manure is 30-55%; the water content of the corn straw is 45-60%.
Preferably, the viable count of the Aspergillus niger is 4-6 multiplied by 10 7 Individual/g; the viable count of the saccharomycetes is 1 to 3 multiplied by 10 9 Individual/g; the viable count of the aspergillus oryzae is 1-3 multiplied by 10 9 Individual/g; the viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 2-6 multiplied by 10 8 Individual/g; the viable count of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 1-2 multiplied by 10 7 Each/g.
Preferably, the preparation method of the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt comprises the following steps: stirring polyaspartic acid and calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution for reaction; and adding selenious acid into the solution, filtering, concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polyase selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing chicken manure, corn stalks, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid and 1/4-1/2 algal polysaccharide, adding aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, and decomposing and fermenting to obtain a primary fertilizer;
(2) Crushing, granulating, drying and screening the primary fertilizer to obtain a granular fertilizer;
(3) Spraying a chitosan oligosaccharide solution on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and drying to obtain a secondary fertilizer;
(4) Spraying the solution of the residual algal polysaccharide on the secondary fertilizer, and drying to obtain the poly-Tianse selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the temperature of the decomposing fermentation is 25-70 ℃; the time is 15-30 days.
Preferably, the pile is turned over after fermenting for 5-6 days, and the pile is turned over every 14-16 hours later.
Preferably, in the chitosan oligosaccharide solution, the mass ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide to water is 1: (8-15); in the solution of the residual algal polysaccharide, the mass ratio of algal polysaccharide to water is 1: (8-15).
The invention provides a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a poly-tenase and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, chicken manure and corn straw are mixed as organic raw materials, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc, boron, iron and other microelements are added, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and other microbial agents are added for decomposing fermentation, and the decomposition effect of the composite microbial agents on the materials is utilized to improve the nutrient content of the fertilizer. The selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is used as a selenium source, and the special chemical structure of the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt can effectively prevent volatilization loss of helium fertilizer and fixation of potassium fertilizer, reduce the content of water-soluble heavy metal in soil, reduce the forced injury of heavy metal to crop growth, promote crop growth and improve crop yield. Meanwhile, the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is matched by supplementing the biological hormone and the seaweed extract, so that the nutrient absorption capacity of crops is improved, the enrichment of the crops on selenium is promoted, and the selenium content of the crops is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a polyase, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 40 parts of chicken manure, 30 to 40 parts of corn stalk, 0.1 to 0.3 part of aspergillus niger, 0.1 to 0.3 part of saccharomycete, 0.1 to 0.3 part of aspergillus oryzae, 1 to 5 parts of selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, 1 to 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 to 5 parts of boron sulfate, 1 to 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.1 to 0.3 part of paenibacillus mucilaginosus, 3 to 8 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5 to 2.0 parts of iminodisuccinic acid and 4 to 9 parts of algal polysaccharide.
In the invention, the polyase selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer is preferably prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of chicken manure, 35 parts of corn stalk, 0.2 part of aspergillus niger, 0.2 part of saccharomycetes, 0.2 part of aspergillus oryzae, 3 parts of selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of boron sulfate, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.2 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 part of paenibacillus mucilaginosus, 5 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1.5 parts of iminodisuccinic acid and 6 parts of algal polysaccharide.
In the present invention, the moisture content of the chicken manure is preferably 30 to 55%, and more preferably 45%.
In the present invention, the moisture content of the corn stalk is preferably 45 to 60%, more preferably 55%.
In the present invention, the viable count of Aspergillus niger is preferably 4 to 6X 10 7 Each g, more preferably 5X 10 7 Individual/g
In the present invention, the viable count of the yeast is preferably 1 to 3X 10 9 Each g, more preferably 2X 10 9 Each/g.
In the present invention, the number of viable bacteria of the Aspergillus oryzae is preferably 1 to 3X 10 9 Each g, more preferably 2X 10 9 Each/g.
In the present invention, the viable count of the Bacillus subtilis is preferably 2 to 6X 10 8 Each g, more preferably 4X 10 8 Each/g.
In the present invention, the viable count of the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus is preferably 1 to 2X 10 7 Each g, more preferably 1.5X10 7 Each/g.
In the invention, the preparation method of the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is preferably as follows: stirring polyaspartic acid and calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution for reaction; and adding selenious acid into the solution, filtering, concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polyase selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing chicken manure, corn stalks, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid and 1/4-1/2 algal polysaccharide, adding aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, and decomposing and fermenting to obtain a primary fertilizer;
(2) Crushing, granulating, drying and screening the primary fertilizer to obtain a granular fertilizer;
(3) Spraying a chitosan oligosaccharide solution on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and drying to obtain a secondary fertilizer;
(4) Spraying the solution of the residual algal polysaccharide on the secondary fertilizer, and drying to obtain the poly-Tianse selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer.
The invention mixes chicken manure, corn stalk, selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid and 1/4-1/2 seaweed polysaccharide, and adds aspergillus niger, saccharomycete, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus to obtain the primary fertilizer through decomposing and fermenting.
In the invention, preferably, the seaweed polysaccharide is divided into two parts, the seaweed polysaccharide of the first part is mixed with chicken manure, corn stalk, selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate and iminodisuccinic acid, and aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis and bacillus mucilaginosus are added for decomposing and fermenting to obtain the primary fertilizer.
In the present invention, the algal polysaccharide of the first part preferably occupies 1/4 to 1/2 of the total weight of algal polysaccharide, and more preferably occupies 3/8 of the total weight of algal polysaccharide.
In the present invention, the temperature of the decomposing fermentation is preferably 25 to 70 ℃.
In the present invention, the time for the decomposing fermentation is preferably 15 to 30 days, more preferably 15 days.
In the invention, the pile is turned over after fermenting for 5-6 days, and the pile is turned over every 14-16 hours later; it is further preferred to turn the heap after 5 days of fermentation, and then once every 15 hours.
The invention pulverizes, granulates, dries and sieves the primary fertilizer to obtain the granular fertilizer.
In the present invention, the particle diameter of the primary fertilizer after pulverization is preferably (0.3 to 2) mm× (0.3 to 2) mm, and more preferably 1mm×1mm.
In the present invention, the moisture content of the dried product is preferably 3% to 10%, more preferably 5%.
In the present invention, the mesh size of the screen used for the screening is preferably 1 to 3mm, more preferably 2mm.
In the present invention, the sifted material is preferably taken as a granular fertilizer after sifting.
According to the invention, the solution of chitosan oligosaccharide is sprayed on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and the granular fertilizer is dried to obtain the secondary fertilizer.
In the solution of the chitosan oligosaccharide, the mass ratio of the chitosan oligosaccharide to water is preferably 1: (8 to 15), more preferably 1:12.
in the present invention, the moisture content of the dried product is preferably 3% to 10%, more preferably 5%.
The second part of seaweed polysaccharide solution is sprayed on the secondary fertilizer, and the poly-tenase selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer is obtained after drying.
In the present invention, the algal polysaccharide in the second part preferably occupies 1/2 to 3/4 of the total weight of algal polysaccharide, and more preferably occupies 5/8 of the total weight of algal polysaccharide.
In the present invention, in the solution of the second part of algal polysaccharide, the mass ratio of algal polysaccharide to water is preferably 1: (8 to 15), more preferably 1:12.
in the present invention, the moisture content of the dried product is preferably 3% to 10%, more preferably 5%.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a polyase, which comprises 35kg of chicken manure with the water content of 45%, 35kg of corn straw with the water content of 55%, 0.2kg of aspergillus niger, 0.2kg of saccharomycetes, 0.2kg of aspergillus oryzae, 3kg of selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt, 3kg of zinc sulfate, 3kg of boron sulfate, 3kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.2kg of bacillus subtilis, 0.2kg of paenibacillus mucilaginosus, 5kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1.5kg of iminodisuccinic acid and 6kg of algal polysaccharide.
The selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is prepared according to the production method disclosed in Chinese patent CN103275318B, and the specific process is as follows: stirring 5000g of polyaspartic acid and 232g of calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution at 50 ℃ for reaction; and adding selenious acid into the solution until the pH value of the solution is 3.5, filtering, concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt.
The specific preparation process of the selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer of the polyase is as follows:
algal polysaccharide was prepared according to 3:5 is divided into two parts, chicken manure, corn stalk, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid, and algal polysaccharide (3/8 of total mass) of the first part are mixed uniformly, and Aspergillus niger (viable count 5×10) is added 7 Per gram), yeast (number of viable bacteria 2×10) 9 Per gram), aspergillus oryzae (viable count 2×10) 9 Each gram), bacillus subtilis (number of viable bacteria 4×10) 8 Each gram) and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus (viable count 1.5X10) 7 And (3) piling the materials after uniformly stirring, and carrying out thoroughly decomposed fermentation. The temperature of the center of the pile body is measured every day, the pile is turned over every 5 th day of fermentation, and then the pile is turned over every 15h, so that the temperature in the material pile is controlled within the range of 25-55 ℃. And after the temperature in the reactor is reduced to below 30 ℃, the odor of the materials is reduced, the texture is loose, and the primary fertilizer is obtained after fermentation is completed.
Crushing the primary fertilizer into 1mm multiplied by 1mm, granulating in a granulator, taking out, drying until the water content is 5%, sieving with a 2mm sieve, and taking out the sieved substance to obtain the granular fertilizer. According to 1:12, preparing a chitosan oligosaccharide solution by using water; according to 1:12, and dissolving the second part (5/8 of the total mass) of algal polysaccharide with water to prepare a solution. Uniformly spraying chitosan oligosaccharide on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and then drying the fertilizer until the moisture content is 5%, thereby obtaining a secondary fertilizer; and uniformly spraying the seaweed polysaccharide solution on the surface of the secondary fertilizer, and drying the fertilizer again until the water content is 5%, thereby obtaining the poly-Tian-enzyme selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 2
The invention provides a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a polyase, which comprises 30kg of chicken manure with the water content of 30%, 30kg of corn straw with the water content of 45%, 0.1kg of aspergillus niger, 0.1kg of saccharomycetes, 0.1kg of aspergillus oryzae, 1kg of selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt, 1kg of zinc sulfate, 1kg of boron sulfate, 1kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.1kg of bacillus subtilis, 0.1kg of paenibacillus mucilaginosus, 3kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5kg of iminodisuccinic acid and 4kg of algal polysaccharide.
The selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is prepared according to the production method disclosed in Chinese patent CN103275318B, and the specific process is as follows: stirring 5000g of polyaspartic acid and 232g of calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution at 50 ℃ for reaction; and adding selenious acid into the solution until the pH value of the solution is 3.5, filtering, concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt.
The specific preparation process of the selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer of the polyase is as follows:
algal polysaccharide was prepared according to 1:3 is divided into two parts, chicken manure, corn stalk, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid, and algal polysaccharide (1/4 of the total mass) of the first part are mixed uniformly, and Aspergillus niger (viable count 4×10) is added 7 Per gram), yeast (number of viable bacteria 1×10) 9 Per gram), aspergillus oryzae (viable count 1×10) 9 Each gram), bacillus subtilis (number of living bacteria 2×10) 8 Each/g), paenibacillus mucilaginosus (viable count 1×10) 7 And (3) piling the materials after uniformly stirring, and carrying out thoroughly decomposed fermentation. And measuring the temperature of the center of the pile every day. Turning the stack on the 6 th day of fermentation, and turning the stack every 15 hours later to control the temperature in the material stack within the range of 25-55 ℃. And after the temperature in the reactor is reduced to below 30 ℃, the odor of the materials is reduced, the texture is loose, and the primary fertilizer is obtained after fermentation is completed.
Crushing the primary fertilizer into 1mm multiplied by 1mm, granulating in a granulator, taking out, drying until the water content is 5%, sieving with a 2mm sieve, and taking out the sieved substance to obtain the granular fertilizer. According to 1:8, preparing a chitosan oligosaccharide solution by using water; according to 1:8, dissolving the second part of algal polysaccharide (3/4 of the total mass) with water to prepare a solution. Uniformly spraying chitosan oligosaccharide on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and then drying the fertilizer until the moisture content is 5%, thereby obtaining a secondary fertilizer; and uniformly spraying the seaweed polysaccharide solution on the surface of the secondary fertilizer, and drying the fertilizer again until the water content is 5%, thereby obtaining the poly-Tian-enzyme selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer.
Example 3
The invention provides a selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing a polyase, which comprises 40kg of chicken manure with the water content of 55%, 40kg of corn straw with the water content of 60%, 0.3kg of aspergillus niger, 0.3kg of saccharomycetes, 0.3kg of aspergillus oryzae, 5kg of selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt, 5kg of zinc sulfate, 5kg of boron sulfate, 5kg of ferrous sulfate, 0.3kg of bacillus subtilis, 0.3kg of paenibacillus mucilaginosus, 8kg of chitosan oligosaccharide, 2.0kg of iminodisuccinic acid and 9kg of algal polysaccharide.
The selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is prepared according to the production method disclosed in Chinese patent CN103275318B, and the specific process is as follows: stirring 5000g of polyaspartic acid and 232g of calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution at 50 ℃ for reaction; and adding selenious acid into the solution until the pH value of the solution is 3.5, filtering, concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt.
The specific preparation process of the selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer of the polyase is as follows:
algal polysaccharide was prepared according to 1:1 is divided into two parts, chicken manure, corn stalk, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid, and algal polysaccharide (1/2 of the total mass) of the first part are mixed uniformly, and Aspergillus niger (viable count 5×10) is added 7 Per gram), yeast (number of viable bacteria 2×10) 9 Per gram), aspergillus oryzae (viable count 2×10) 9 Each gram), bacillus subtilis (number of viable bacteria 4×10) 8 Each gram) and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus (viable count 1.5X10) 7 And (3) piling the materials after uniformly stirring, and carrying out thoroughly decomposed fermentation. The temperature of the center of the pile body is measured every day, the pile is turned over every 5 th day of fermentation, and then the pile is turned over every 15h, so that the temperature in the material pile is controlled within the range of 25-55 ℃. And after the temperature in the reactor is reduced to below 30 ℃, the odor of the materials is reduced, the texture is loose, and the primary fertilizer is obtained after fermentation is completed.
Crushing the primary fertilizer into 1mm multiplied by 1mm, granulating in a granulator, taking out, drying until the water content is 5%, sieving with a 2mm sieve, and taking out the sieved substance to obtain the granular fertilizer. According to 1:12, preparing a chitosan oligosaccharide solution by using water; according to 1:12, and dissolving the second part of algal polysaccharide (1/2 of the total mass) with water to prepare a solution. Uniformly spraying chitosan oligosaccharide on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and then drying the fertilizer until the moisture content is 5%, thereby obtaining a secondary fertilizer; and uniformly spraying the seaweed polysaccharide solution on the surface of the secondary fertilizer, and drying the fertilizer again until the water content is 5%, thereby obtaining the poly-Tian-enzyme selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example also explores the influence of the addition amount of Aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes and Aspergillus oryzae on the decomposing and fermenting process of the organic fertilizer in the preparation process of the selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer of the polyase.
The addition amount of the aspergillus niger is respectively set to be 0.05kg, the addition amount of the saccharomycetes is set to be 0.05kg, and the addition amount of the aspergillus oryzae is set to be 0.05kg as a comparison group 1; the addition amount of Aspergillus niger was adjusted to 0.5kg, and the addition amount of yeast was adjusted to 0.5kg as comparative group 2. The other treatments were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example also explores the influence of the type of the fermentation inoculant on the organic fertilizer decomposition fermentation process in the preparation process of the selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer by the polyase.
Respectively setting a comparison group 3 which takes Trichoderma viride, saccharomycetes, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus as zymophytes; aspergillus niger, yeast, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus licheniformis, paenibacillus mucilaginosus as comparative group 4 of ferments. The other treatments were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example also explores the influence of the types of selenium source substances on the organic fertilizer decomposition fermentation process in the preparation process of the selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer of the polyase.
The selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt was replaced with calcium selenite, set as comparative group 5, and the other treatments were the same as in example 1.
Test example 4
The comparative example was prepared as comparative group 6, omitting the addition of chitosan oligosaccharide, iminodisuccinic acid and algal polysaccharide, according to the procedure of example 1.
Comparative example 5
In this comparative example, chitosan oligosaccharide was replaced with chitosan, iminodisuccinic acid was replaced with humic acid, algal polysaccharide was replaced with lentinan, and comparative example 7 was set, and the other treatments were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example was set as comparative group 8 using the raw material composition and amount of example 1, and adjusting the preparation process. The specific preparation process is adjusted as follows:
mixing chicken manure, corn stalk, selenium-rich calcium polyaspartate, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid, and adding Aspergillus niger (viable count 5×10) 7 Per gram), yeast (number of viable bacteria 2×10) 9 Per gram), aspergillus oryzae (viable count 2×10) 9 Each gram), bacillus subtilis (number of viable bacteria 4×10) 8 Each gram) and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus (viable count 1.5X10) 7 And (3) piling the materials after uniformly stirring, and carrying out thoroughly decomposed fermentation. The temperature of the center of the pile body is measured every day, the pile is turned over on the 5 th day of fermentation, and then the pile is turned over every 15 hours. And after the temperature in the reactor is reduced to below 30 ℃, the odor of the materials is reduced, the texture is loose, and the primary fertilizer is obtained after fermentation is completed.
Crushing the primary fertilizer into 1mm multiplied by 1mm, granulating in a granulator, taking out, drying until the water content is 5%, sieving with a 2mm sieve, and taking out the sieved substance to obtain the granular fertilizer. According to 1:12, preparing a chitosan oligosaccharide solution by using water; according to 1:12, dissolving seaweed polysaccharide with water to obtain a solution. Uniformly spraying chitosan oligosaccharide on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and then drying the fertilizer until the moisture content is 5%, thereby obtaining a secondary fertilizer; and uniformly spraying the seaweed polysaccharide solution on the surface of the secondary fertilizer, and drying the fertilizer again until the water content is 5%, thereby obtaining the poly-Tian-enzyme selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer.
Test example 1
The selenium-rich bioorganic fertilizers of each group in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to performance evaluation by using the change of temperature during the decomposition fermentation of the organic fertilizer, the decomposition time and the nutrient content of the organic fertilizer as indexes. The results of the detection are shown in tables 1 to 2.
Table 1 temperature variation during the decomposition and fermentation of the selenium-enriched bioorganic fertilizers of each group
Figure BDA0004104972990000101
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Figure BDA0004104972990000111
As can be seen from Table 1, the selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer of examples 1-3 has fast temperature rise in the process of decomposing and fermenting, can rapidly kill harmful components in materials, and can continuously last for about three days at a high temperature of more than 60 ℃ and reduce the subsequent temperature to about 50 ℃, thereby meeting the activity temperature of a fermentation microbial inoculum, accelerating the decomposing process of the materials and shortening the fermentation time. And after the addition amount of the fermentation inoculant is reduced in the comparison group 1, the temperature is raised slowly, and only 8 days are needed for raising the temperature to above 60 ℃, so that the decomposition time is obviously prolonged. After the addition amount of the fermentation inoculant is increased in the comparison group 2, the temperature is raised faster, the temperature can be raised to 62 ℃ in the 2 nd day of fermentation, but the temperature is also lowered faster, and the problem of incomplete decomposition is easily caused. The Aspergillus niger was replaced with Trichoderma viride in the comparative group 3, the Bacillus subtilis was replaced with Bacillus licheniformis in the comparative group 4, and the time for decomposing fermentation was significantly prolonged after the replacement of the Bacillus subtilis, wherein the decomposing was completed for 30 days. Comparative group 5 replaces selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, and has no obvious effect on the rotten fermentation process compared with example 1. Control 6 omitted chitosan oligosaccharide, iminodisuccinic acid and algal polysaccharide, and had no significant effect on the rotten fermentation process compared to examples 2 and 3. Comparative group 7 replaced chitosan oligosaccharide, iminodisuccinic acid and algal polysaccharide, and had no significant effect on the rotten fermentation process compared to examples 2 and 3. The comparison group 8 adjusts the adding time of algal polysaccharide, slows down the heating speed and prolongs the decomposition time. The seaweed polysaccharide is added in the fermentation process, so that the fermentation process can be promoted.
Table 2 nutrient content of selenium-enriched bioorganic fertilizers of each group
Figure BDA0004104972990000112
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Figure BDA0004104972990000121
As can be seen from Table 2, the organic matter and nitrogen content of the selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer of examples 1 to 3 are higher than those of comparative groups 1 to 8. Wherein, after the addition amount of the fermentation inoculant is reduced in the comparison group 1, the organic matter content in the organic fertilizer is reduced, and after the addition amount of the fermentation inoculant is increased in the comparison group 2, the organic matter and nitrogen content in the organic fertilizer are not obviously increased. The use amount of the fermentation inoculant has a certain influence on the quality of the organic fertilizer. The Aspergillus niger is replaced by Trichoderma viride in the comparison group 3, the Bacillus subtilis is replaced by Bacillus licheniformis in the comparison group 4, and the organic matters and nitrogen content in the two groups of organic fertilizers are reduced, so that the type of the fermentation inoculant has a certain influence on the quality of the organic fertilizers. Comparative group 5 replaces selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, and organic matters and nitrogen content in the organic fertilizer are not obviously floating compared with the example. The comparative group 6 omits chitosan oligosaccharide, iminodisuccinic acid and algal polysaccharide, and the organic matters and nitrogen content in the organic fertilizer are reduced, but the reduction range is smaller. The chitosan oligosaccharide, the iminodisuccinic acid and the algal polysaccharide are replaced by the comparative group 7, the organic matters and the nitrogen content in the organic fertilizer are reduced, but the reduction range is smaller. The comparison group 8 adjusts the adding time of algal polysaccharide, and the organic matters and nitrogen content in the organic fertilizer are reduced.
Test example 2
And (3) selecting 12 test fields with the same area and the same fertility to plant wheat, wherein the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative groups 5-7 is used as a base fertilizer, and the using amount is 20 kg/mu. Wheat is sowed after application, and the wheat sowing quantity is 6 kg/mu. After the wheat seedlings, timely removing weeds and watering, and preferably, watering thoroughly until the wheat seedlings are penetrated on the same day; urea is applied in the jointing period, 15kg per mu; ammonium bicarbonate is applied in the booting stage, and the weight of the ammonium bicarbonate is 5kg per mu. After the wheat is mature, the yield and selenium content of each group of wheat are counted. The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 wheat yield of each group
Group of Thousand grain weight (g) Yield (kg/mu) Selenium content (μg/kg)
Example 1 43.6 436.8 438
Example 2 42.8 416.9 439
Example 3 42.7 432.1 435
Comparative group 5 33.8 355.5 321
Comparative group 6 36.4 371.3 368
Comparative group 7 37.1 385.6 351
As can be seen from Table 4, the selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer of examples 1 to 3 can obviously improve thousand seed weight and mu yield of wheat, and can obviously improve selenium content in wheat, thus obtaining selenium-enriched wheat. Comparing examples 1-3 with comparative group 5, it can be seen that the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is adopted as a selenium source, so that the absorption of selenium by wheat can be promoted; comparing examples 1-3 and comparative group 5 with comparative group 6, it can be seen that the chitosan oligosaccharide, iminodisuccinic acid and algal polysaccharide added in the invention can further promote the absorption of selenium element in selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt by wheat; comparing examples 1-3 with comparative group 7, it can be seen that other ingredients were not effective in promoting selenium absorption in wheat after replacing chitosan oligosaccharide, iminodisuccinic acid and algal polysaccharide.
Test example 3
Test field soil before wheat sowing and after wheat harvesting in test example 2 is collected respectively, and the passivation effect of each group of selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer on heavy metals in the soil is evaluated on the content of water-soluble heavy metals (Cd and As) in the soil. The test results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 changes in the content of Water-soluble heavy metals before and after fermentation of the selenium-enriched bioorganic fertilizers of each group
Figure BDA0004104972990000131
Figure BDA0004104972990000141
As can be seen from Table 4, the selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer of examples 1 to 3 can effectively reduce the content of water-soluble heavy metals in soil before and after application, and has the effect of passivating the heavy metals in soil. The comparative groups 6 and 7 also have an obvious effect of reducing the water-soluble heavy metals, but the comparative group 5 has no obvious effect on the content of the water-soluble heavy metals in the soil. The selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt has the effect of passivating the heavy metal in soil, can indirectly reduce the forced injury of the heavy metal to the growth of crops, promote the growth of the crops and improve the yield of the crops.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 to 40 parts of chicken manure, 30 to 40 parts of corn stalk, 0.1 to 0.3 part of aspergillus niger, 0.1 to 0.3 part of saccharomycete, 0.1 to 0.3 part of aspergillus oryzae, 1 to 5 parts of selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, 1 to 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 to 5 parts of boron sulfate, 1 to 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 to 0.3 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.1 to 0.3 part of paenibacillus mucilaginosus, 3 to 8 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5 to 2.0 parts of iminodisuccinic acid and 4 to 9 parts of algal polysaccharide.
2. The poly-Tianse selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the chicken manure is 30-55%; the water content of the corn straw is 45-60%.
3. The selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer of the polyase enzyme according to claim 2, wherein the viable count of the aspergillus niger is 4-6 multiplied by 10 7 Individual/g; the viable count of the saccharomycetes is 1 to 3 multiplied by 10 9 Individual/g; the viable count of the aspergillus oryzae is 1-3 multiplied by 10 9 Individual/g; the cakeThe viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 2 to 6 multiplied by 10 8 Individual/g; the viable count of the paenibacillus mucilaginosus is 1-2 multiplied by 10 7 Each/g.
4. The selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer of the polyase according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt is as follows: stirring polyaspartic acid and calcium hydroxide in an aqueous solution for reaction; and adding selenious acid into the solution, filtering, concentrating and drying the filtrate to obtain the selenium-enriched polyaspartic acid calcium salt.
5. A method for preparing the poly-tenase selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing chicken manure, corn stalks, selenium-rich polyaspartic acid calcium salt, zinc sulfate, boron sulfate, ferrous sulfate, iminodisuccinic acid and 1/4-1/2 algal polysaccharide, adding aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, aspergillus oryzae, bacillus subtilis and paenibacillus mucilaginosus, and decomposing and fermenting to obtain a primary fertilizer;
(2) Crushing, granulating, drying and screening the primary fertilizer to obtain a granular fertilizer;
(3) Spraying a chitosan oligosaccharide solution on the surface of the granular fertilizer, and drying to obtain a secondary fertilizer;
(4) Spraying the solution of the residual algal polysaccharide on the secondary fertilizer, and drying to obtain the poly-Tianse selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the decomposing fermentation is 25 to 70 ℃; the time is 15-30 days.
7. The process according to claim 6, wherein the fermentation is carried out for 5 to 6 days and then the stack is turned over once every 14 to 16 hours.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the chitosan oligosaccharide to the water in the solution of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1: (8-15); in the solution of the residual algal polysaccharide, the mass ratio of algal polysaccharide to water is 1: (8-15).
CN202310189288.0A 2023-03-02 2023-03-02 Selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer containing polyase and preparation method of selenium-enriched biological organic fertilizer Pending CN116120122A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116082079A (en) * 2023-02-10 2023-05-09 南京恒宝田功能农业产业研究院有限公司 Special selenium-zinc-rich organic fertilizer for wheat and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116082079A (en) * 2023-02-10 2023-05-09 南京恒宝田功能农业产业研究院有限公司 Special selenium-zinc-rich organic fertilizer for wheat and preparation method thereof

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