CN116082079A - Special selenium-zinc-rich organic fertilizer for wheat and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special selenium-zinc-rich organic fertilizer for wheat and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical group O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910001577 potassium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 28
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000194105 Paenibacillus polymyxa Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 241001219477 Chroococcus Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000589152 Azotobacter chroococcum Species 0.000 claims 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 abstract description 31
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 29
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- -1 selenite ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PEUPCBAALXHYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;selenite Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Se]([O-])=O PEUPCBAALXHYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of livestock manure, 15-50 parts of corn stalk, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 10-20 parts of cassava residue, 5-15 parts of peanut cake, 5-10 parts of castor cake, 1-10 parts of furfural residue, 5-20 parts of potassium mineral powder, 0.1-1 part of fermentation inoculant, 1-5 parts of brown sugar, 1-4 parts of chitosan, 1-5 parts of calcium sulfate, 1-4 parts of zinc carbonate, 0.1-1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20-40 parts of acetic acid solution and 50-150 parts of sodium selenite aqueous solution. The special organic fertilizer for wheat is used for wheat planting, and has a good yield increasing effect, and at least the yield is increased by more than 25.4%. Through detection, the content of organic selenium in the wheat reaches 0.184mg/kg, the content of organic zinc reaches 48.05mg/kg, and the zinc and selenium content of the seeds reach the zinc and selenium-rich standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheat organic fertilizers, in particular to a selenium-zinc-rich special organic fertilizer for wheat and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Chemical fertilizers have been used in China for over half a century, but long-term use of chemical fertilizers causes a plurality of problems, namely, pollution is generated to the environment and serious harm is generated to the health of human bodies; secondly, chemical fertilizers often only contain single fertilizer elements, the nutritional structure of soil is damaged after long-term use, and then the nutritional structure of crops is affected, in addition, the physical structure of the soil is damaged after long-term use of the chemical fertilizers, so that the soil is hardened, cultivation is inconvenient, and in recent years, people gradually recover the use of organic fertilizers.
Wheat is used as a main grain crop in China, the improvement of the quality and the improvement of the yield of the wheat are more and more concerned, the use of the organic fertilizer plays a very important role in the wheat production in China, and due to unreasonable factors in the use process, the nutrient utilization rate of the fertilizer is reduced, and the ecological environment including the soil environment is seriously damaged.
Zinc and selenium are mineral nutrition elements necessary for human life, the content of effective zinc and effective selenium in soil in most areas of China is very low, the soil is generally deficient in zinc and selenium, the zinc and selenium content in wheat grains is seriously insufficient, and a considerable part of people, especially children and old people, are caused by various diseases caused by deficiency of zinc and selenium due to long-term consumption of flour with very low zinc and selenium content.
The development of selenium-zinc-rich foods is enhanced, the commercial and economic values are important, and the constitution of people is enhanced, so that the wheat absorbs enough zinc and selenium elements from the soil to make the obtained foods become selenium-rich and zinc-rich products, and the soil needs to be improved.
At present, the common selenium fertilizer for spring wheat is an inorganic selenium fertilizer, sodium selenite is used as a main component, and zinc sulfate is used as a main component, but sodium selenite and zinc sulfate are applied to soil, so that the soil is easy to inactivate, the loss speed is high, the effectiveness is reduced, and the fertilizer efficiency is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat and a preparation method thereof.
The special selenium-zinc-rich organic fertilizer for wheat comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of livestock manure, 15-50 parts of corn stalk, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 10-20 parts of cassava residue, 5-15 parts of peanut cake, 5-10 parts of castor cake, 1-10 parts of furfural residue, 5-20 parts of potassium mineral powder, 0.1-1 part of fermentation inoculant, 1-5 parts of brown sugar, 1-4 parts of chitosan, 1-5 parts of calcium sulfate, 1-4 parts of zinc carbonate, 0.1-1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20-40 parts of acetic acid solution and 50-150 parts of sodium selenite aqueous solution.
Preferably, the acetic acid solution concentration is 0.1 to 1mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 1.2-2g/L.
Preferably, the fermentation inoculant comprises at least one of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, azotobacter chroococcus and saccharomycetes.
Preferably, the fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, azotobacter chroococcus and saccharomycetes;
wherein the number of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 0.1-2.4X10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 1 to 5 multiplied by 10 9 The number of bacillus subtilis is 1-2 multiplied by 10 per gram 8 The number of bacillus mucilaginosus per gram is 0.5-1.5X10 8 The number of azotobacter chroococcus per gram is 1.5-4.5X10 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 0.1-2×10 9 Each/g.
The preparation method of the selenium-zinc-rich special organic fertilizer for wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding chitosan into an acetic acid solution according to a proportion, stirring uniformly, adding calcium sulfate into the acetic acid solution, stirring, adding zinc carbonate, stirring, dropwise adding absolute ethyl alcohol under a stirring state, continuously stirring after the addition is completed, adding sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding the solution into a sodium selenite aqueous solution, stirring at 40-50 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing at 40-60 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing livestock manure, corn stalks, plant ash, cassava residues, peanut cakes, castor cakes and furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, potassium mineral powder, a fermentation inoculant and brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to 10-30wt%, fermenting, granulating by a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat.
Preferably, in S1, the weight ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the calcium sulfate is 100-200:1-5.
Preferably, in the S3, in the fermentation process, the fermentation is carried out at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 1-3 days, the temperature is raised to 70-75 ℃ by turning over, the fermentation is carried out for 1-2 days, and the temperature is reduced to the room temperature.
The technical effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, calcium sulfate is dissolved in acetic acid solution of chitosan, under the action of zinc carbonate, sulfate radical and zinc ions generate zinc sulfate, then ethanol is adopted as a coagulant to separate out the zinc sulfate generated in situ on chitosan and chitosan molecular chains, sodium tripolyphosphate is further adopted to crosslink, the obtained product can not only effectively slowly release zinc sulfate, but also can electrostatically combine amino groups on chitosan with selenite ions in sodium selenite to form sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, and the comprehensive effect can simultaneously realize the slow release of sodium selenite and zinc sulfate.
According to the invention, livestock manure, corn stalks, plant ash, cassava residues, peanut cakes, castor cakes and furfural residues are compounded and crushed, and then fermentation microbial inoculum is adopted to ferment under the cooperation of brown sugar, so that organic compounds such as macromolecular proteins in the organic compounds can be decomposed to be suitable for being absorbed by wheat, the absorption rate of the wheat on nutrient substances is improved, and meanwhile, in sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, the positive electricity of chitosan is weakened in the process of generating zinc sulfate, so that the structure of a coating layer formed by the zinc selenite composite zinc sulfate is loose, and on the basis of ensuring that selenium cannot be lost, the nutrient components generated by fermentation are adsorbed for slow release, so that the wheat can fully absorb and utilize fermentation products.
The invention can not harden soil, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, can obtain zinc-rich and selenium-rich wheat crops, and can balance and supply nutrients, improve soil, improve yield, comprehensively improve wheat quality, and has strong operability and remarkable social and economic benefits in the formula of the zinc-rich and selenium-rich wheat special fertilizer.
The special organic fertilizer for wheat is used for wheat planting, and wheat can be increased by at least 25.4%, and has a good yield increasing effect. Through detection, the content of organic selenium in the wheat reaches 0.184mg/kg, the content of organic zinc reaches 48.05mg/kg, and the zinc content of the seeds does not reach the zinc-rich selenium-rich standard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the zinc content of the products of example 5 and comparative examples 1-2 applied to soil.
FIG. 2 shows the selenium content of the soil applied by the products of example 5 and comparative examples 1-2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
A preparation method of a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 1kg of chitosan into 20kg of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.1mol/L, uniformly stirring, adding 1kg of calcium sulfate into the acetic acid solution, stirring for 10min, adding 2.5kg of zinc carbonate, stirring for 10min, dropwise adding 100kg of absolute ethyl alcohol in a stirring state, continuously stirring for 5min after the completion of the addition, adding 0.1kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking for 5min, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding into 50kg of sodium selenite aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.2g/L, stirring for 10min at the temperature of 40 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing 50kg of livestock manure, 15kg of corn stalks, 5kg of plant ash, 10kg of cassava residues, 5kg of peanut cakes, 5kg of castor cakes and 1kg of furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, 5kg of potassium mineral powder, 0.1kg of fermentation inoculant and 1kg of brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to 10wt%, fermenting at 40 ℃ for 1 day, turning over, raising the temperature to 70 ℃, fermenting for 1 day, cooling to room temperature, granulating in a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat.
The fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcus;
wherein the number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 0.1 multiplied by 10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 1 multiplied by 10 9 Each gram of bacillus subtilis 1 multiplied by 10 8 0.5X10 of Bacillus mucilaginosus per gram 8 1.5X10 of azotobacter chroococcus per gram 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 0.1X10 9 Each/g.
Example 2
A preparation method of a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 4kg of chitosan into 40kg of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 1mol/L, uniformly stirring, adding 5kg of calcium sulfate into the acetic acid solution, stirring for 30min, adding 4kg of zinc carbonate, stirring for 30min, dropwise adding 200kg of absolute ethyl alcohol in a stirring state, continuously stirring for 15min after the complete addition, adding 1kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking for 20min, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding into 150kg of sodium selenite aqueous solution with the concentration of 2g/L, stirring for 20min at the temperature of 50 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing air at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing 100kg of livestock manure, 50kg of corn stalks, 15kg of plant ash, 20kg of cassava residues, 15kg of peanut cakes, 10kg of castor cakes and 10kg of furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, 20kg of potassium mineral powder, 1kg of fermentation inoculant and 5kg of brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to 30wt%, fermenting at 60 ℃ for 3 days, turning over, raising the temperature to 75 ℃, fermenting for 2 days, cooling to room temperature, granulating in a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-rich special organic fertilizer for wheat.
The fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcus;
wherein the number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 2.4x10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 5 multiplied by 10 9 Each gram of bacillus subtilis 2 multiplied by 10 8 Bacillus mucilaginosus 1.5X10 g/g 8 Azotobacter chroococcus 4.5X10/g 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 2X 10 9 Each/g.
Example 3
A preparation method of a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 1.5kg of chitosan into 25kg of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, uniformly stirring, adding 2kg of calcium sulfate, stirring for 12min, adding 1.5kg of zinc carbonate, stirring for 15min, dropwise adding 125kg of absolute ethyl alcohol in a stirring state, continuously stirring for 6min after the addition is completed, adding 0.2kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking for 8min, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding into 60kg of sodium selenite aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.3g/L, stirring for 12min at the temperature of 41 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing at the temperature of 42 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing 60kg of livestock manure, 16kg of corn stalks, 8kg of plant ash, 12kg of cassava residues, 8kg of peanut cakes, 6kg of castor cakes and 2kg of furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, 10kg of potassium mineral powder, 0.2kg of zymophyte and 2kg of brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to be 12wt%, fermenting at 45 ℃ for 1 day, turning over, raising the temperature to 72 ℃, fermenting for 1 day, cooling to room temperature, granulating by a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-rich special organic fertilizer for wheat.
The fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcus;
wherein the number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 0.4x10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 2 multiplied by 10 9 Each gram of bacillus subtilis is 1.2X10 8 0.8X10 of Bacillus mucilaginosus per gram 8 1.8X10 of azotobacter chroococcus per gram 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 0.3X10 9 Each/g.
Example 4
A preparation method of a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 3.2kg of chitosan into 35kg of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.8mol/L, uniformly stirring, adding 4kg of calcium sulfate, stirring for 24min, adding 3.2kg of zinc carbonate, stirring for 24min, dropwise adding 180kg of absolute ethyl alcohol in a stirring state, continuously stirring for 12min after the addition is completed, adding 0.8kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking for 18min, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding into 125kg of sodium selenite aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.8g/L, stirring for 18min at the temperature of 48 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing at the temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing 98kg of livestock manure, 45kg of corn stalks, 12kg of plant ash, 18kg of cassava residues, 12kg of peanut cakes, 9kg of castor cakes and 8kg of furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, 18kg of potassium mineral powder, 0.8kg of fermentation inoculant and 4kg of brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to 28wt%, fermenting at 55 ℃ for 2 days, turning over, raising the temperature to 74 ℃, fermenting for 2 days, cooling to room temperature, granulating in a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat.
The fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcus;
wherein the number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 2.2x10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 4 multiplied by 10 9 Each gram of the bacillus subtilis is 1.8X10 8 Bacillus mucilaginosus 1.2X10 g/g 8 Azotobacter chroococcus 4.2X10/g 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 1.6X10 9 Each/g.
Example 5
A preparation method of a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 2.5kg of chitosan into 32kg of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, uniformly stirring, adding 2.5kg of calcium sulfate, stirring for 20min, adding 3.5kg of zinc carbonate, stirring for 24min, dropwise adding 160kg of absolute ethyl alcohol in a stirring state, continuously stirring for 12min after the addition is completed, adding 0.4kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking for 12min, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding into 120kg of sodium selenite aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.6g/L, stirring for 15min at the temperature of 45 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing at the temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing 85kg of livestock manure, 45kg of corn stalks, 13kg of plant ash, 16kg of cassava residues, 12kg of peanut cakes, 7kg of castor cakes and 5.5kg of furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, 12kg of potassium mineral powder, 0.6kg of fermentation inoculant and 2.5kg of brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to be 24wt%, fermenting at 55 ℃ for 2 days, turning over, raising the temperature to 72 ℃, fermenting for 2 days, cooling to room temperature, granulating by a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat.
The fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcus;
wherein the number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 2.1X10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is4×10 9 Each gram of the bacillus subtilis is 1.5X10 8 Bacillus mucilaginosus 1.2X10 g/g 8 3.5X10 of azotobacter chroococcus per gram 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 1.2X10 9 Each/g.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 2.5kg of chitosan into 32kg of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, uniformly stirring, adding 2.5kg of calcium sulfate, stirring for 20min, adding 3.5kg of zinc carbonate, stirring for 24min, dropwise adding 160kg of absolute ethyl alcohol in a stirring state, continuously stirring for 12min after the addition is completed, adding 0.4kg of sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking for 12min, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, and compounding zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing 85kg of livestock manure, 45kg of corn stalks, 13kg of plant ash, 16kg of cassava residues, 12kg of peanut cakes, 7kg of castor cakes and 5.5kg of furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding composite zinc sulfate, 12kg of potassium mineral powder, 0.6kg of fermentation inoculant, 2.5kg of brown sugar and 120kg of sodium selenite aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.6g/L into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adjusting the water content to be 24wt%, fermenting for 2 days at the temperature of 55 ℃, turning over, raising the temperature to 72 ℃, fermenting for 2 days, cooling to room temperature, granulating in a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat.
The fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcus;
wherein the number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 2.1X10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 4 multiplied by 10 9 Each gram of the bacillus subtilis is 1.5X10 8 Bacillus mucilaginosus 1.2X10 g/g 8 3.5X10 of azotobacter chroococcus per gram 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 1.2X10 9 Each/g.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a special organic fertilizer for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat comprises the following steps:
s1, adding 2.5kg of calcium sulfate into 32kg of acetic acid solution with the concentration of 0.5mol/L, uniformly stirring, adding 3.5kg of zinc carbonate, stirring for 24min, dropwise adding 160kg of absolute ethyl alcohol in a stirring state, continuously stirring for 12min after the complete addition, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding into 120kg of sodium selenite aqueous solution with the concentration of 1.6g/L, stirring for 15min at the temperature of 45 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing at the temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing 85kg of livestock manure, 45kg of corn stalks, 13kg of plant ash, 16kg of cassava residues, 12kg of peanut cakes, 7kg of castor cakes and 5.5kg of furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, 12kg of potassium mineral powder, 0.6kg of fermentation inoculant and 2.5kg of brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to be 24wt%, fermenting at 55 ℃ for 2 days, turning over, raising the temperature to 72 ℃, fermenting for 2 days, cooling to room temperature, granulating by a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat.
The fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and azotobacter chroococcus;
wherein the number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 2.1X10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 4 multiplied by 10 9 Each gram of the bacillus subtilis is 1.5X10 8 Bacillus mucilaginosus 1.2X10 g/g 8 3.5X10 of azotobacter chroococcus per gram 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 1.2X10 9 Each/g.
Test
The organic fertilizer special for wheat prepared in the example 5 and the comparative examples 1-2 is prepared by taking fertilized soil every 15 days after fertilization, taking soil samples of soil layers of 0-20cm near the fertilization point, air-drying the soil, grinding and sieving to determine the effective zinc and the effective selenium content, analyzing the effective zinc content in a laboratory as shown in figure 1, and analyzing the effective selenium content in the laboratory as shown in figure 2.
Applying 25kg of the special fertilizer obtained in the example 5 and the comparative examples 1-2 to planting soil per mu, applying fertilizer by adopting a mode of artificial sowing and deep hole application, then detecting the selenium content of the spring wheat seeds and the selenium content of the whole plant, wherein the test results are shown in table 1, and detecting the zinc content of the spring wheat seeds and the zinc content of the whole plant, and the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 Effect of the Special fertilizer on dynamic changes of spring wheat seed selenium and Whole plant selenium (mg/kg)
TABLE 2 Effect of the Special fertilizer on dynamic changes of spring wheat seed Zinc, whole plant Zinc (mg/kg)
From tables 1 and 2, it is clear that the zinc and selenium contents of spring wheat can be greatly improved in example 5 of the present invention. After the special fertilizer is applied in the embodiment 5, the selenium content of the whole plant selenium and the seed selenium can be obviously improved compared with those in the comparative examples 1-2, and the selenium-rich target is achieved. By applying the special fertilizer, the average zinc content of the whole wheat plants in the growing period, particularly the zinc content of the mature seeds is obviously improved, the zinc content of the mature seeds reaches 48.05mg/kg, and compared with comparative examples 1-2, the zinc content of the mature seeds is obviously improved.
The selenium-rich effect and the zinc-rich effect of the invention reach extremely remarkable level compared with comparative examples 1-2. The operability is good, and the popularization and the application are convenient.
Spring wheat soil planted with the special fertilizer obtained in example 5 and comparative example 1-2 was tested, and the test results are shown in table 3 below.
Table 3 influence of the fertilizer special for spring wheat planting soil
From the above table 3, the invention has obvious water retention effect, not only can improve the water content and organic matter content of soil layers, promote the increase of yield and income of spring wheat, but also can promote the reproduction of microorganisms in soil, reduce the volume weight of the soil, improve the physical structure of plough layers and improve the soil.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The special selenium-zinc-rich organic fertilizer for wheat is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of livestock manure, 15-50 parts of corn stalk, 5-15 parts of plant ash, 10-20 parts of cassava residue, 5-15 parts of peanut cake, 5-10 parts of castor cake, 1-10 parts of furfural residue, 5-20 parts of potassium mineral powder, 0.1-1 part of fermentation inoculant, 1-5 parts of brown sugar, 1-4 parts of chitosan, 1-5 parts of calcium sulfate, 1-4 parts of zinc carbonate, 0.1-1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 20-40 parts of acetic acid solution and 50-150 parts of sodium selenite aqueous solution.
2. The selenium-zinc-rich special organic fertilizer for wheat, according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 0.1-1mol/L.
3. The organic fertilizer special for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sodium selenite aqueous solution is 1.2-2g/L.
4. The selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat, according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation inoculant comprises at least one of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, azotobacter chroococcum and saccharomycetes.
5. The selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat, according to claim 4, wherein the fermentation inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus polymyxa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus, azotobacter chroococcus and saccharomycetes;
wherein the number of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is 0.1-2.4X10 8 The number of the bacillus polymyxa per gram is 1 to 5 multiplied by 10 9 The number of bacillus subtilis is 1-2 multiplied by 10 per gram 8 The number of bacillus mucilaginosus per gram is 0.5-1.5X10 8 The number of azotobacter chroococcus per gram is 1.5-4.5X10 8 The number of yeasts per gram is 0.1-2×10 9 Each/g.
6. A method for preparing the organic fertilizer special for selenium-zinc-enriched wheat according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding chitosan into an acetic acid solution according to a proportion, stirring uniformly, adding calcium sulfate into the acetic acid solution, stirring, adding zinc carbonate, stirring, dropwise adding absolute ethyl alcohol under a stirring state, continuously stirring after the addition is completed, adding sodium tripolyphosphate, crosslinking, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying, adding the solution into a sodium selenite aqueous solution, stirring at 40-50 ℃, centrifuging, and drying by blowing at 40-60 ℃ to obtain sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate;
s2, uniformly mixing livestock manure, corn stalks, plant ash, cassava residues, peanut cakes, castor cakes and furfural residues, drying, and crushing to a particle size of 1-10mm to obtain a prefabricated material;
s3, adding sodium selenite composite zinc sulfate, potassium mineral powder, a fermentation inoculant and brown sugar into the prefabricated material, uniformly mixing, adding water to adjust the water content to 10-30wt%, fermenting, granulating by a rotary drum, and drying to obtain the selenium-zinc-enriched special organic fertilizer for wheat.
7. The preparation method of the selenium-zinc-rich special organic fertilizer for wheat is characterized in that in S1, the weight ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol to calcium sulfate is 100-200:1-5.
8. The preparation method of the selenium-zinc-rich special organic fertilizer for wheat is characterized in that in S3, fermentation is carried out at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 1-3 days, turning over and pushing, the temperature is increased to 70-75 ℃, fermentation is carried out for 1-2 days, and the temperature is reduced to room temperature.
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| CN102219586A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-10-19 | 高炳德 | Selenium-enriched and zinc-enriched seed manure special for wheat and potato |
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