CN105110896A - Wheat straw biochar fertilizer for reducing nutrient loss and preparation method for wheat straw biochar fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheat straw biochar fertilizer for reducing nutrient loss and a preparation method for the wheat straw biochar fertilizer. The fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34-38 parts of mussel powder, 10-14 parts of a fish emulsion, 6-9 parts of ammonium phosphate, 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-3 parts of sodium polysulfide, 47-53 parts of rape seed cake powder, 9-11 parts of bentonite, 80-100 parts of fresh enteromorpha prolifera, 5-6 parts of a compound microbial agent, 240-250 parts of wheat straws, 22-26 parts of fresh urine and a proper amount of water. Through scientific selection of raw materials, the biochar fertilizer disclosed by the invention contains abundant nitrogen phosphorus and potassium and various microelements required by crops while the soil adhesion of fertilizer particles is improved by adding the fish emulsion and bentonite; on the basis of a carbon framework, the specific surface area and the ion adsorption sites are increased, so that ammonium and other water solution salt ions can be adsorbed as a result of the charge density on the surface of the fertilizer, and therefore, the exchange capacity of soil ions is improved, the loss of nutrients is reduced, and the fertility retaining capacity and the buffering performance of the soil are improved.

Description

A kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer reducing nutrient loss and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of fertilizers, particularly a kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer reducing nutrient loss and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Biomass charcoal is that biomass carbonize through limit oxygen thermo-cracking the organic substance being rich in stability carbon obtained, charcoal not only effectively can promote the organic carbon content in soil, while progressively improving soil fertilizer, water retention property, for aspects such as reduction soil nutrient losses, there is good effect equally.

Along with the continuous lifting of agricultural products in China export ratio, agricultural will constantly be upgraded for the requirement of fertilizer, soil fertility, therefore the angle promoted from change and the fertility of soil and fertilizer kind uses charcoal fertilizer, produces great prograding by the adjustment of China's structure of agricultural production and the lifting of export of farm produce comprehensive strength.

But due to charcoal light weight, in Powdered, take up space comparatively large, transport and storage cost higher, and also exist in using in farmland process and use the difficulty such as inconvenience, dust pollution, limit agricultural extension and the utilization of biomass charcoal.For this reason, the present inventor makes biomass charcoal base composite fertilizer by being coordinated with plurality of raw materials by biomass charcoal, the release period of fertilizer nutrient is extended by charcoal, reduce nutrient loss, Inorganic whisker thing then eliminates the defect of charcoal nutrient deficiency, thus accomplished making full use of charcoal, significant to agricultural high-effiency, ecology, environmental protection, Sustainable development.

Summary of the invention

The present invention compensate for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer reducing nutrient loss and preparation method thereof.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Fertilizer of the present invention is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Mussel Powder 34-38, fish latex 10-14, ammonium phosphate 6-9, magnesium sulfate 1-2, sodium polysulphide 2-3, coarse colza meal 47-53, wilkinite 9-11, fresh Enteromorpha 80-100, complex micro organism fungicide 5-6, wheat stalk 240-250, freshly voided urine 22-26, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with Mussel Powder, coarse colza meal, wilkinite, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 45-50%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 25-28 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 480-520 DEG C, insulation charing 3-4 hour, again temperature is increased to 770-830 DEG C, insulation 1-1.5 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add fish latex, magnesium sulfate, at being heated to 55-60 DEG C, be incubated 50-70 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium phosphate, sodium polysulphide stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 3.8-4.2, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 9-11 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

Charcoal purity can be improved to the secondary charing of wheat stalk in step 2, and increase the number cells of charcoal further, improve its adsorptive power.

The method using wheat stalk powdered carbon repeatedly to adsorb in step 4 can improve the crystallized ability of charcoal to mixotrophism liquid Middle nutrition element, its huge specific surface area effectively can promote the formation of nitrogenous crystallization, and the loss of the nutritive element that drying process brings after preventing.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

The Enteromorpha added is except containing except carbon nitrogen organic composition, also containing small organic molecule and the natural phant such as growth hormone, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins growth regulators such as sea grass polysaccharide, N.F,USP MANNITOL, alginic acid, also have 40 various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, ensure that and provide comprehensive nutrition supply to crop.

Charcoal fertilizer of the present invention is selected through the science of raw material, containing abundant N P and K and various crop essential trace element, and fish latex, bentonitic interpolation improve the soil adhesion of fertiliser granulates, the basis of charcoal skeleton adds specific surface area and ionic adsorption site, make the electric density of fertilizer surface can adsorb ammonium and other water-soluble salt ions, thus improve the exchange capacity of soil ion, reduce the loss of nutritive substance, improve fertilizer-preserving ability and the shock-absorbing capacity of soil.

Specific embodiments

Below in conjunction with following embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:

The raw material taking following weight part (kg) is made: Mussel Powder 36, fish latex 12, ammonium phosphate 8, magnesium sulfate 1, sodium polysulphide 2, coarse colza meal 50, wilkinite 10, fresh Enteromorpha 90, complex micro organism fungicide 6, wheat stalk 245, freshly voided urine 24, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with Mussel Powder, coarse colza meal, wilkinite, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 45-50%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, ferment 27 days, after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, fermented liquid and ferment slag are obtained to fermentation heap squeeze and filter, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 500 DEG C, insulation charing 3.5 hours, again temperature is increased to 800 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour, carry out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add fish latex, magnesium sulfate, at being heated to 55 DEG C, be incubated 60 minutes, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium phosphate, sodium polysulphide stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 3.8, equiponderant three parts are divided into by after concentrated 10 times of mixed solution heating, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate using value of the present invention, the present inventor have chosen 20 mu of rice test fields and carries out compliance test result to charcoal fertilizer of the present invention, wherein 10 mu of experimental group use charcoal of the present invention fertilizer to use common fertilizer as base manure as base manure, another 10 mu of control groups, and mu fertilise is 1600kg, during paddy growth, all management modes are all identical, record experimental data as follows after maturation:

Project

Control group

Experimental group

Soil available nitrogen content (mg/kg)	35.83	38.94
			Ammonia nitrogen content (mg/L) in paddy field water either	1.84	0.59
Disease and pest incidence (%)	5.9	3.1
			Output (kg/ mu)	547	618
Stimulation ratio (%)	——	12.98

After can finding out use charcoal fertilizer of the present invention from experimental data, the soil nutrient content of rice terrace significantly improves, decrease the nutritive loss of nitrogen loss to paddy field water either simultaneously, during paddy growth, disease and pest also significantly reduces, the quality of paddy rice is had greatly improved, finally obtain higher rice yield, have larger raising compared to control group productive rate.

Claims (2)

1. wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer reducing nutrient loss and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: Mussel Powder 34-38, fish latex 10-14, ammonium phosphate 6-9, magnesium sulfate 1-2, sodium polysulphide 2-3, coarse colza meal 47-53, wilkinite 9-11, fresh Enteromorpha 80-100, complex micro organism fungicide 5-6, wheat stalk 240-250, freshly voided urine 22-26, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

2. wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of the minimizing nutrient loss according to claims 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of preparation method are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with Mussel Powder, coarse colza meal, wilkinite, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 45-50%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 25-28 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 480-520 DEG C, insulation charing 3-4 hour, again temperature is increased to 770-830 DEG C, insulation 1-1.5 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add fish latex, magnesium sulfate, at being heated to 55-60 DEG C, be incubated 50-70 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium phosphate, sodium polysulphide stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 3.8-4.2, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 9-11 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.