CN115956473A - New albizia julibrissin strong seedling cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a new cultivation method of strong seedlings of albizia julibrissin, belonging to the technical field of agriculture, the cultivation method of the seedlings comprises the following steps of S1, collecting seeds; s2, treating seeds; s3, sowing and raising seedlings; s3, seedling management; s4, cutting roots and moving bags; s5, hardening seedlings and cutting tips. The method changes the traditional habits of culturing bare-rooted seedlings and culturing the whooping seedlings of the new albizia julibrissin, seedlings are cultured in advance, and the seedling age is improved. The invention is beneficial to culturing strong seedlings, further improves the lignification degree and stress resistance of the seedlings, enables the seedlings to be more suitable for the climate and environmental conditions of a forestation land, and improves the survival rate and the preservation rate of the forestation. Meanwhile, the method draws multidisciplinary knowledge for crossing biology, ecological environment and forestry and agricultural technology, and has the advantages of practicality, simplicity and feasibility.

Description

New albizia julibrissin strong seedling cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of botany, in particular to a new cultivation method of strong seedlings of albizia julibrissin.

Background

New Leucaena genus Mimosaceae, leucaena genus evergreen small arbor, up to 4-6 m, is a pioneer tree species for afforestation in dry and hot valley areas. The current situations of poor quality of the new albizzia julibrissin seedlings, low survival rate of afforestation and poor afforestation success rate are caused by the factors of insufficient capital investment, simple seedling raising method, late seedling raising time, short seedling age (whooping seedlings), low lignification degree of the seedlings, poor stress resistance, bag penetration of seedling root systems, easy dispersion of nutrient soil and the like. In addition, in China, the rivers are more and criss-cross, a plurality of dry and hot valley areas are formed, the climate is dry and hot, the conditions of the vertical land are poor, the vegetation of the forest is rare, the water and soil loss is serious, the ecological environment is extremely fragile, the afforestation and greening are difficult, and the ecological management and restoration are difficult. At present, the country implements the strategy of ecological protection and restoration of Yangtze river and Jinsha river watershed, puts forward higher and more recent requirements on forest and grass departments, focuses on implementing the project of ecological protection and restoration of Yangtze river and Jinsha river watershed, implements 'large protection' on Yangtze river and Jinsha river watershed, and makes forestation, greening and ecological restoration treatment of Yangtze river and Jinsha river watershed imperative. The new albizia julibrissin is used as a pioneer tree species for afforestation and greening in dry and hot valley areas, the traditional and laggard seedling culture method cannot meet the current requirements of ecological protection and restoration on 'gnawing hard bones', and the improvement on the new albizia julibrissin seedling culture technology is urgently needed. The survival rate and the preservation rate of afforestation in the dry and hot valley areas are improved, and the ecological protection and restoration process of Yangtze river and Jinsha river flow areas is promoted.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve or partially solve the problems in the related technology, the invention adopts a seedling culture method combining manpower and nature to realize the purposes of culturing strong seedlings of the new silktree albizzia, improving the survival rate and the preservation rate of afforestation in dry and hot valley areas, promoting the ecological protection and restoration process of Yangtze river and Jinsha river flow areas, creating green corridors of the Yangtze river and the Jinsha river flow areas and laying an ecological foundation for the development of the Yangtze river economic zone.

The invention provides a new cultivation method of albizia julibrissin strong seedlings, which comprises the following steps:

s1, seed collection: collecting new albizia julibrissin fine varieties;

s2, preparing nutrient soil: uniformly stirring the following components in parts by weight: 15000 to 16000 parts of fertile soil on the surface layer of the farmland, 5000 to 6000 parts of clay, 500 to 600 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2000 to 2500 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 1000 to 1200 parts of quick lime and 20 to 25 parts of carbendazim, and the materials are piled, fermented for 20 to 25 days and bagged.

S3, seed treatment

1) Seed cleaning: rinsing the seeds with clear water to remove insect grains and rotten grains;

2) Seed disinfection: soaking the cleaned seeds in disinfectant to sterilize the seeds, and then cleaning the seeds with clear water for later use;

3) Seed treatment: filling the cleaned and sterilized seeds into a container, pouring hot water at 70-80 ℃ into the seeds, immersing the seeds, naturally cooling the seeds, and continuing to soak for 24 hours to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water and swell; removing the wax from the treated seeds, rinsing the seeds with clear water, continuously soaking for 10 to 12 hours, taking out the seeds, putting the seeds into a cloth bag, stacking the seeds for accelerating germination, and preparing for sowing after the seeds germinate;

s4, sowing and seedling raising: putting the seeds obtained in the step (S3) into nutrition bags, covering fine soil on each bag with the thickness of 1-2 cm after sowing, and compacting the soil after covering the soil to ensure that the seeds are tightly contacted with the soil; after sowing, covering the seedbed with pine needles or dry straws, watering thoroughly, and then performing seedling management;

s5, root cutting and bag moving: after seedling management is finished, root cutting and bag moving are carried out; cutting roots and moving bags once every 2 months, and repeating for 5-6 times to promote the lateral roots and fibrous roots of the nursery stock to grow in large quantity and keep not penetrating the bags;

s6, hardening seedlings: controlling water and fertilizer, reducing watering on the premise of not wilting, and enabling the water and fertilizer to naturally grow in the wild-simulated environment;

s7, cutting the tip: controlling the high growth of the nursery stock, and cutting the seedling when the height of the nursery stock reaches 35-50 cm, so that the trunk of the nursery stock is controlled between 30-40 cm, and the coarse growth of the nursery stock is promoted;

s8, nursery stock outplanting: after 1 year of cultivation and hardening, the nursery stock is taken out of the nursery for forestation.

Further, the specification of the pouch in S2 is 10cm × 15cm (diameter × height).

Furthermore, the S2 comprises 15750 parts of fertile soil on the surface layer of the farmland, 5250 parts of clay soil, 525 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2100 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 1050 parts of quicklime and 21 parts of carbendazim in parts by weight.

Further, the disinfectant in the S3 is 1000 times of 50% carbendazim, and seeds are soaked for 2 hours.

Further, the method for removing the wax from the testa in S3 is to package the treated seeds with a cloth bag and wash the seeds with hands to remove the wax from the testa.

Further, the dry straw in S4 is insecticidal and disinfected dry straw.

Further, the seedling management comprises: watering and irrigating, building plastic film arched sheds, thinning and filling seedlings, weeding and preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests.

Furthermore, the time for starting seedling raising is 8-9 months in the current year, and 6-7 months in the next year, the seedlings are released from the nursery for forestation.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.

The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

1. the invention realizes the cultivation of the high-quality nursery stock of the new albizia julibrissin.

2. The invention improves the survival rate and the preservation rate of new albizia julibrissin forestation and ensures the forestation effect. Promote afforestation and greening progress and lay a foundation for implementing ecological protection and restoration.

3. The method is easy to operate and easy to widely popularize and apply.

4. The invention is the crossing of biology, ecological environment and agricultural and forestry technologies, draws the dual advantages of a plurality of disciplines and has valuable advantages.

Detailed Description

Alternative embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below. While alternative embodiments of the present application have been described, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The cultivation method of the new albizia julibrissin strong seedlings comprises the following steps:

s1, seed collection: a new albizia julibrissin dura (Lam.) de Wit of the genus Leucaena of the family Mimosaceae is used as a test material, and a fine variety of the new albizia julibrissin mother tree which is plump in local crown and strong in growth is selected as a seed source for seedling culture. Ensuring the excellent hereditary character of the nursery stock.

S2, preparing nutrient soil: the nutrient soil matrix mainly adopts the fertilizer soil on the surface layer of the forest land or the agricultural land, 20 to 30 percent of clay is added (the viscosity of the nutrient soil is increased, the nutrient soil is not easy to disperse and is convenient to transport), the soil is crushed after being dried through sunshine exposure, impurities and large soil blocks are removed through sieving, 25 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 100 kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 50 kg of quicklime and 1 kg of carbendazim or phloretin are added into every 1000 kg of soil and mixed evenly, and the mixture is piled up and fermented for about 20 days and packaged. The function is to disinfect soil and provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of nursery stocks.

S3, seed treatment

1) Seed cleaning: rinsing the seeds with clear water to remove insect grains and rotten grains;

2) Seed disinfection: soaking the cleaned seeds in disinfectant to sterilize the seeds, and then cleaning the seeds with clear water for later use;

3) Seed treatment: filling the cleaned and sterilized seeds into a container, pouring hot water at 70-80 ℃ into the seeds, immersing the seeds, naturally cooling the seeds, and continuing to soak for 24 hours to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water and swell; removing the wax from the treated seeds, rinsing the seeds with clear water, continuously soaking for 10 to 12 hours, taking out the seeds, putting the seeds into a cloth bag, stacking the seeds for accelerating germination, and preparing for sowing after the seeds germinate;

s4, sowing and seedling raising: putting the seeds obtained in the step (S3) into nutrition bags, covering fine soil on each bag with the thickness of 1-2 cm after sowing, and compacting the soil after covering the soil to ensure that the seeds are tightly contacted with the soil; after sowing, covering a seedbed with pine hair or dry straws, watering thoroughly, and then performing seedling management;

s5, root cutting and bag moving: after seedling management is finished, root cutting and bag moving are carried out; cutting roots and moving bags once every 2 months, and repeating for 5-6 times to promote the lateral roots and fibrous roots of the nursery stock to grow in large quantity and keep not penetrating the bags;

s6, hardening seedlings: controlling water and fertilizer, and reducing watering on the premise of not withering, so that the water and fertilizer are preferably not dried. The seedling growing method has the advantages that the seedling growing method can grow naturally in the wild-simulated environment, wild training is carried out, root cutting, bag moving, water controlling and tip cutting are carried out alternately, and seedling hardening is carried out repeatedly for 5-6 times, so that sufficient lignification of the seedlings is promoted, the coarse growth of the seedlings is accelerated, the quality of the seedlings is improved, the stress resistance of the seedlings and the tolerance capability to the severe natural environment are enhanced, the lignification degree and the stress resistance of the seedlings are gradually improved, and the seedling growing method can adapt to the severe environment of drought, heat and sunlight exposure.

S7, cutting a tip: the new albizia julibrissin seedlings grow fast and have strong germination capacity, and the high growth of the seedlings which is too fast can cause the imbalance of the high growth and the coarse growth of the seedlings, the seedlings are fine and too high, the lignification degree of the tips of the seedlings is low, and the stress resistance is poor. After the seedlings are planted in the forestation land, the moisture in the seedlings is difficult to transport upwards for a long distance, so that the moisture supply of the seedlings is insufficient, withered tips are easy to form, and the survival rate of the seedlings is influenced. Therefore, the high growth of the nursery stock must be controlled, and the cutting treatment is carried out when the height of the nursery stock reaches 35-50 cm, so that the trunk of the nursery stock is controlled between 30-40 cm, and the coarse growth of the nursery stock is promoted;

s8, nursery stock outplanting: after 1 year of cultivation and hardening, the nursery stock is taken out of the nursery for forestation.

In one embodiment of the present application, the bagging gauge in S2 is 10cm x 15cm (diameter x height).

In one embodiment of the application, the components in S2 comprise 15750 parts of fertile soil on the surface layer of the farmland, 5250 parts of clay soil, 525 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2100 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 1050 parts of quicklime and 21 parts of carbendazim by weight.

In one embodiment of the present application, the disinfecting solution in S3 is a 1000-fold solution of 50% carbendazim, and is soaked for 2 hours.

In one embodiment of the present application, the method for removing the wax from the testa in S3 is to cloth bag the treated seed and rub it by hand to remove the wax from the testa.

In one embodiment of the present application, the dry straw in S4 is insecticidal, sterilized dry straw.

In one embodiment of the present application, the seedling management comprises: watering and irrigating, building plastic film arched sheds, thinning and filling seedlings, weeding and preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests.

In one embodiment of the present application, the time for starting the seedling culture is 8-9 months in the current year, and the seedling is released for forestation 6-7 months in the next year.

For the sake of clarity, the following examples are given in detail.

Example 1

The method for cultivating the new silktree albizzia strong seedlings comprises the following specific steps and materials:

1. seed collection: 20 kg of local high-quality new albizia julibrissin fine seeds are collected.

2. Preparing nutrient soil: preparing 24.7 tons of nutrient soil, wherein: 15750 kg of fertile soil on the surface layer of the farmland, 5250 kg of clay soil, 525 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 2100 kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 1050 kg of quicklime and 21 kg of carbendazim. Mixing, stacking, fermenting for about 20 days, and packaging.

3. Bagging the nutrient soil: the nutrition bag 70000 is filled, and the specification of the nutrition bag is 10cm multiplied by 15cm (diameter multiplied by height).

4. Seed treatment

1) Seed cleaning: the new albizia julibrissin seeds are easily damaged by worms on trees or in the process of harvesting and storing, and the seeds are required to be bleached by clear water to remove worm grains and rotten grains.

2) Seed disinfection: soaking the cleaned seeds in 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 2 hours for seed disinfection, and finally cleaning the seeds with clear water for later use.

3) Seed treatment: putting the cleaned and sterilized seeds into a container, pouring hot water of 80 ℃ into the seeds to submerge the seeds, naturally cooling the seeds, and continuing to soak for 24 hours to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water and swell. The treated seeds were packed in a cloth bag and rubbed with the hands to remove the wax from the testa. Rinsing with clean water, continuously soaking for about 10 hours, taking out the seeds, putting the seeds into a cloth bag, stacking for accelerating germination, watering at proper time, keeping the corresponding humidity at the proper temperature of 25-30 ℃, turning over for 1-2 times every day, and preparing for sowing after the seeds germinate for 3-4 days.

5. Seedling culture time: 8 months in 2021.

6. Sowing and seedling raising: the treated seeds for accelerating germination are placed into nutrient bags, each bag contains 3-5 seeds, fine soil is covered after sowing, the thickness of the covering soil is preferably 1-2 cm, and the soil is compacted after covering soil, so that the seeds are in close contact with the soil, and germination and soil emergence are facilitated. After sowing, the seedbed is covered with pine hair or insecticidal and disinfected dry straw, and then the seedlings are watered thoroughly and then are managed in the seedling stage.

7. Seedling stage management: the method comprises watering and irrigating, building plastic film arched sheds, thinning and filling seedlings, weeding, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests and the like.

8. Cutting roots and moving bags: the new albizia julibrissin seedling has developed root system, clear main root and easy bag penetration of container seedling, and has root cutting and bag transferring treatment for raising seedling quality. When the height of the nursery stock reaches 10-15 cm, the root system is penetrated through the bag, the main root of the nursery stock is cut off by a sickle, a hoe and other devices, and the position of the nutrition bag is moved to enable the nursery stock to grow. Cutting roots and moving bags once every 2 months, and repeating for 5-6 times to promote the lateral roots and fibrous roots of the nursery stock to grow in large quantity, and the bags are kept not to be penetrated.

9. Hardening seedlings: controlling water and fertilizer, and reducing watering to the greatest extent under the condition of not wilting, preferably drying. The nursery stock can grow naturally in the wild-like environment, is subjected to wild training, improves the tolerance of the nursery stock to the natural environment, gradually improves the lignification degree and the stress resistance of the nursery stock, and can adapt to the severe environments of drought, heat and sunshine solarization.

10. Cutting a tip: controlling the high growth of the nursery stock, and performing tip cutting treatment when the height of the nursery stock reaches 35-50 cm, so that the trunk of the nursery stock is controlled between 30-40 cm, and the coarse growth of the nursery stock is promoted.

11. And (3) outplanting the nursery stock: after 1 year of cultivation and hardening, the seedlings are outplanted and forested in 2022 years and 7 months. 66500 new Albizzia julibrissin seedlings out of the nursery are grown, the ground diameter of the seedlings reaches more than 0.4cm, the height of the seedlings reaches more than 30-40 cm, the seedlings are fully lignified, and the root systems are intact and developed. Through inspection, the I-grade seedlings reach 90%. The seedlings of the batch are subjected to afforestation tests in Wandetown, heyi town, dongpo village and Bailu town of Wudingcounty, chuxiong province, and the afforestation survival rate reaches over 95 percent. Proved by the experiment, the artificial wetland can adapt to the climatic and environmental conditions of the dry and hot valley areas, and can be popularized and applied in a large area.

Having described embodiments of the present application, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. The cultivation method of the new silktree albizzia strong seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, seed collection: collecting new fine variety of albizia julibrissin;

s2, preparing nutrient soil: uniformly stirring the following components in parts by weight: 15000 to 16000 parts of fertile soil on the surface layer of the farmland, 5000 to 6000 parts of clay, 500 to 600 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 2000 to 2500 parts of decomposed farmyard manure, 1000 to 1200 parts of quick lime and 20 to 25 parts of carbendazim, and stacking and fermenting for 20 to 25 days for bagging;

s3, seed treatment

1) Seed cleaning: rinsing the seeds with clear water to remove insect grains and rotten grains;

2) Seed disinfection: soaking the cleaned seeds in disinfectant to sterilize the seeds, and then cleaning the seeds with clear water for later use;

3) Seed treatment: filling the cleaned and sterilized seeds into a container, pouring hot water at 70-80 ℃ into the seeds, immersing the seeds, naturally cooling the seeds, and continuing to soak for 24 hours to ensure that the seeds fully absorb water and swell; removing the wax from the processed seeds, rinsing the seeds with clear water, continuously soaking for 10 to 12 hours, taking out the seeds, putting the seeds into a cloth bag, stacking for accelerating germination, and preparing for sowing after the seeds germinate;

s4, sowing and seedling raising: putting the seeds obtained in the step (S3) into nutrition bags, covering fine soil on each bag with the thickness of 1-2 cm after sowing, and compacting the soil after covering the soil to ensure that the seeds are tightly contacted with the soil; after sowing, covering a seedbed with pine hair or dry straws, watering thoroughly, and then performing seedling management;

s5, root cutting and bag moving: after seedling management is finished, root cutting and bag moving are carried out; cutting roots and moving bags once every 2 months, and repeating for 5-6 times to promote the lateral roots and fibrous roots of the nursery stock to grow in large quantity and keep not penetrating the bags;

s6, seedling hardening: controlling water and fertilizer, reducing watering on the premise of not wilting, and enabling the water and fertilizer to naturally grow in the wild-simulated environment;

s7, cutting a tip: controlling the high growth of the nursery stock, and cutting the seedling when the height of the nursery stock reaches 35-50 cm, so that the trunk of the nursery stock is controlled between 30-40 cm, and the coarse growth of the nursery stock is promoted;

s8, nursery stock outplanting: after 1 year of cultivation and hardening, the nursery stock is taken out of the nursery for forestation.

2. The method for cultivating a strong sprout of silktree albizzia according to claim 1, wherein the size of the bag in S2 is 10cm x 15cm (diameter x height).

3. The method for cultivating strong seedlings of new silktree albizzia according to claim 1, wherein the components in S2 comprise 15750 parts by weight of fertile soil on the surface layer of the farmland, 5250 parts by weight of clay laterite, 525 parts by weight of phosphate fertilizer, 2100 parts by weight of decomposed farmyard manure, 1050 parts by weight of quick lime and 21 parts by weight of carbendazim.

4. The method for cultivating a strong seedling of albizzia julibrissin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disinfectant in S3 is a 1000-fold solution of 50% carbendazim, and the seed is soaked for 2 hours.

5. The method for cultivating a strong sprout of Albizzia julibrissin Durazz as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for removing the testa wax in S3 comprises packaging the treated seeds with cloth bag, and rubbing the seeds with hands to remove the testa wax.

6. The method for cultivating a strong seedling of albizia julibrissin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dry straw in S4 is an insecticidal and sterile dry straw.

7. The method for cultivating a strong seedling of albizia julibrissin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling management comprises: watering and irrigating, building plastic film arched sheds, thinning and filling seedlings, weeding and preventing and controlling diseases and pests.

8. The method for cultivating strong seedlings of albizia julibrissin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time for starting seedling cultivation is 8-9 months in the current year and 6-7 months in the next year.