CN115720740B - Method for relieving dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China - Google Patents
Method for relieving dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 241000319057 Kalopanax septemlobus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 241000202564 Kalopanax Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001444063 Aronia Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000209524 Araceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000565391 Fraxinus mandshurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for releasing dormancy of Kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China. Belongs to the technical field of sowing and seedling raising of the kalopanax sessiliflorus. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out warm bare layering treatment on fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds under the breathable and moisturizing conditions to obtain seeds subjected to warm bare layering; and (3) keeping the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination moist, and carrying out low-temperature bare lamination treatment to obtain the seeds with dormancy removed. According to the invention, after dormancy of seeds is broken through temperature-changing naked lamination, dehydration and drying are carried out at 15-25 ℃, so that the chokeberry seeds after dormancy removal are obtained, and the germination rate of the seeds is not obviously reduced in 10 months when the seeds are stored at a low temperature (3 ℃). The non-dormant seeds of the kalopanax sessiliflorus obtained after the treatment of the invention are convenient for transportation and storage, can be used for sowing and raising seedlings at any time, the sowing is not limited by the time for releasing the dormancy of the seeds, and the mildewing and the rot or the early germination of the germination accelerating seeds in sand layers are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sowing and seedling raising of kalopanax sessiliflorus, in particular to a method for relieving dormancy of kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds produced in northeast China.
Background
The Araceae of Kalopanax pictus (Kalopanax septemlobus) is distributed from northeast to south China. The kalopanax sessiliflorus has strong adaptability, is good in sunny and moist environment, is slightly negative-resistant, cold-resistant and suitable for growing in neutral or slightly acidic soil which contains rich humus, has deep and loose soil layers and is well drained. The kalopanax septemlobus leaves are beautiful, the leaves are dark green, the trunk is straight and straight, and the kalopanax septemlobus leaves are suitable for planting on the pavement tree or gardens. In addition, the mandshurica wood is hard, fine and smooth, and obvious in pattern, and is a good material for manufacturing advanced furniture, musical instruments and craft sculptures. The root and bark of the kalopanax can be used as medicines, and have the effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, diminishing inflammation and eliminating phlegm, easing pain and the like. Tender leaves of the kalopanax septemlobus spring can be picked for eating, and the kalopanax septemlobus spring is fragrant in smell and excellent in quality, and is a delicious wild vegetable.
The natural resources of the kalopanax pictus are mainly used in mountain woods and are distributed in a small quantity, the natural resources are rarely integrated into blocky woods, the difficulty of natural updating and recovery is high, the ecological environment of the natural kalopanax pictus is seriously degraded by the large-area destroyed woods, the living of a plurality of wild germplasm resources is seriously threatened, the preservation quantity is gradually reduced, and the natural resources are listed as national second-grade precious tree species. As a new variety of forestation tree species or landscaping mainly with woods, there is a need for high quality and high yield seedlings to ensure recovery and expansion of cultivation. The success or failure of seed germination is an important precondition for determining the emergence rate and the quality of seedlings, so research on the technology for relieving the dormancy of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds is imperative to improve the germination rate of the seeds.
The ripening period of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds is 9-11 months, and the ripeness difference of the fruits is larger due to inconsistent flowering and fruiting. And the dormancy degree of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds in different producing areas is different, the phenomenon of dormancy of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds in south is basically avoided, the phenomenon of dormancy of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds in north is basically avoided, and particularly the phenomenon of deep dormancy of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds in high latitude areas is avoided. The research on the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds of the north species source of the Qinling mountain shows that: the seed coats are free from barriers, and the water permeability and the air permeability are not affected. The kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds are filled with endosperm, and are typical endosperm seeds. The embryo is very small, the embryo rate is only 30% -50% under a microscope, the development is incomplete, most of the embryo is in the heart-shaped embryo stage, and few embryos are torpedo-shaped, which indicates that the embryo has not completed morphological maturation. Immature embryo development is an important factor causing dormancy and germination difficulty of the kalopanax septemlobus seeds.
Therefore, how to provide a method for releasing the dormancy of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds in the north of Qinling, especially in the northeast region is a problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for releasing dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China, which can increase germination rate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for releasing dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China, comprising the steps of:
(1) Carrying out warm bare layering treatment on fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds under the breathable and moisturizing conditions to obtain seeds subjected to warm bare layering;
(2) And (3) keeping the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination moist, and carrying out low-temperature bare lamination treatment to obtain the seeds with dormancy removed.
Preferably: step (1) fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds are obtained: after the kalopanax septemlobus fruits are picked, modulating and removing impurities to obtain fresh seeds; modulating: removing the seeds from the peel; removing impurities: removing impurities and blighted grains by a water separation method; the fresh seeds also comprise disinfection treatment, wherein the disinfection treatment comprises: sterilizing fresh seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 2h, taking out, and repeatedly washing with sterile water; under the condition of ventilation and moisture preservation: packaging into a breathable seed bag with humidity of 80-85% RH; heating bare lamination treatment: 14-16 ℃, no matrix and 9-10 weeks of treatment time.
Further, the pericarp is separated; the impurity removal: removing impurities and blighted skin by a water selection method, and referring to forestry industry standards of the people's republic of China: the technical specification LY/T2643-2016 of the sowing and seedling raising of the kalopanax septemlobus.
Preferably: step (2) is kept wet: placing the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination in a sealing bag, and keeping the humidity in the bag at 75-80% RH; and (3) low-temperature bare lamination treatment: 4-6 ℃, no matrix and 12-13 weeks of treatment time.
Preferably: in the process of low-temperature bare lamination treatment, the bag mouth is opened for ventilation every week, the ventilation time is 10min, and the humidity in the bag is kept at 75-80% RH.
Preferably: the method also comprises a step (3) of drying treatment.
The beneficial effects are that: the obtained dry seeds are convenient to store and transport, and free from dormancy, and are suitable for long-term low-temperature storage.
Preferably: and (3) drying: drying at 15-25 deg.c to water content of 7-10%.
The beneficial effects are that: the seeds after dormancy removal can be stored at a low temperature (3 ℃) and can also be directly germinated and sowed.
The invention also provides application of any method in forestry production and landscaping.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a method for relieving the dormancy of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds produced in northeast China, which has the following technical effects: the seed dormancy is broken by the variable-temperature naked lamination, and the seed is dehydrated and dried at 15-25 ℃ to obtain the kalopanax sessiliflorus seed after dormancy removal, and the seed germination rate of the seed is not obviously reduced in 10 months of low-temperature (3 ℃) storage. The non-dormant seeds of the kalopanax sessiliflorus obtained after the treatment of the invention are convenient for transportation and storage, can be used for sowing and raising seedlings at any time, the sowing is not limited by the time for releasing the dormancy of the seeds, and the mildewing and the rot or the early germination of the germination accelerating seeds in sand layers are avoided.
Detailed Description
The following description will clearly and fully describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for relieving dormancy of Kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China
Example 1
A method for releasing dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China, comprising the steps of:
(1) Carrying out warm bare layering treatment on fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds under the breathable and moisturizing conditions to obtain seeds subjected to warm bare layering;
(2) And (3) keeping the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination moist, and carrying out low-temperature bare lamination treatment to obtain the seeds with dormancy removed.
To further optimize the technical scheme: step (1) fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds are obtained: after the kalopanax septemlobus fruits are picked, modulating and removing impurities to obtain fresh seeds; modulating: removing the seeds from the peel; removing impurities: removing impurities and blighted grains by a water separation method; the fresh seeds also comprise disinfection treatment, wherein the disinfection treatment comprises: sterilizing fresh seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 2h, taking out, and repeatedly washing with sterile water; under the condition of ventilation and moisture preservation: packaging into a breathable seed bag with humidity of 80% RH; heating bare lamination treatment: 14 ℃, no matrix, and 9 weeks of treatment time.
To further optimize the technical scheme: step (2) is kept wet: placing the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination in a sealing bag, and keeping the humidity in the bag at 75% RH; and (3) low-temperature bare lamination treatment: 4 ℃ without matrix, and the treatment time is 12 weeks.
To further optimize the technical scheme: during the low temperature bare lamination process, the mouth of the bag was opened weekly for 10min of aeration and the humidity in the bag was maintained at 75% RH.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the method also comprises a step (3) of drying treatment.
To further optimize the technical scheme: and (3) drying: drying at 15 deg.C until the water content is 7%.
Example 2
A method for releasing dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China, comprising the steps of:
(1) Carrying out warm bare layering treatment on fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds under the breathable and moisturizing conditions to obtain seeds subjected to warm bare layering;
(2) And (3) keeping the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination moist, and carrying out low-temperature bare lamination treatment to obtain the seeds with dormancy removed.
To further optimize the technical scheme: step (1) fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds are obtained: after the kalopanax septemlobus fruits are picked, modulating and removing impurities to obtain fresh seeds; modulating: removing the seeds from the peel; removing impurities: removing impurities and blighted grains by a water separation method; the fresh seeds also comprise disinfection treatment, wherein the disinfection treatment comprises: sterilizing fresh seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 2h, taking out, and repeatedly washing with sterile water; under the condition of ventilation and moisture preservation: packaging into a breathable seed bag with humidity of 83% RH; heating bare lamination treatment: 15 ℃ without matrix, and the treatment time is 10 weeks.
To further optimize the technical scheme: step (2) is kept wet: placing the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination in a sealing bag, and keeping the humidity in the bag at 80% RH; and (3) low-temperature bare lamination treatment: 5 ℃, no matrix, and the treatment time is 12 weeks.
To further optimize the technical scheme: during the low-temperature bare lamination treatment, the bag mouth is opened every week for ventilation for 10min, and the humidity in the bag is kept at 80% RH.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the method also comprises a step (3) of drying treatment.
To further optimize the technical scheme: and (3) drying: drying at 20deg.C until the water content is 8%.
Example 3
A method for releasing dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China, comprising the steps of:
(1) Carrying out warm bare layering treatment on fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds under the breathable and moisturizing conditions to obtain seeds subjected to warm bare layering;
(2) And (3) keeping the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination moist, and carrying out low-temperature bare lamination treatment to obtain the seeds with dormancy removed.
To further optimize the technical scheme: step (1) fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds are obtained: after the kalopanax septemlobus fruits are picked, modulating and removing impurities to obtain fresh seeds; modulating: removing the seeds from the peel; removing impurities: removing impurities and blighted grains by a water separation method; the fresh seeds also comprise disinfection treatment, wherein the disinfection treatment comprises: sterilizing fresh seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 2h, taking out, and repeatedly washing with sterile water; under the condition of ventilation and moisture preservation: packaging into a breathable seed bag with humidity of 85% RH; heating bare lamination treatment: 16 ℃, no matrix, and treatment time of 10 weeks.
To further optimize the technical scheme: step (2) is kept wet: placing the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination in a sealing bag, and keeping the humidity in the bag at 80% RH; and (3) low-temperature bare lamination treatment: 6 ℃, no matrix, and 13 weeks of treatment time.
To further optimize the technical scheme: during the low-temperature bare lamination treatment, the bag mouth is opened every week for ventilation for 10min, and the humidity in the bag is kept at 80% RH.
To further optimize the technical scheme: the method also comprises a step (3) of drying treatment.
To further optimize the technical scheme: and (3) drying: drying at 25deg.C until the water content is 10%.
Comparative experiments
The germination accelerating treatment modes of the manchurian ash seeds produced in the northeast China mainly comprise the following 2 types:
After the fruits of comparative example 1 are picked, the seeds are firstly prepared to be removed from the pericarps, then the seeds are selected by water to remove impurities and blighted, the seeds are fished out and put into a room for drying in the shade to form air-dried seeds, and the air-dried seeds are stored in a ventilated and dried place. When the sowing time is about 120d, soaking the air-dried seeds in water for 3d, then sterilizing for 2h by using 0.5 percent of potassium permanganate, uniformly mixing with wet sand with the water content of 60 percent according to the volume ratio of 1:3, and laminating at 20 ℃ for 60d to 3-5 ℃ for 60d.
Comparative example 2, prepared fresh seeds were sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 2 hours, and mixed with wet sand having a water content of 60% in a volume ratio of 1:3, mixing, placing in a container, placing in a shade place, keeping the temperature of the seed sand at about 15 ℃, and storing for 60-90 d. The seed sand is often turned over and sprayed with water at any time, so that the humidity of the seed sand is kept. Then, the container is used indoors or is dug and laminated at the place with higher outdoor topography and good drainage, the temperature is controlled between 0 ℃ and 5 ℃, and the container is stored for 40d to 60d.
Seeds of the above 2 methods can normally germinate after dormancy removal by sand mixing lamination treatment. However, these methods require a long treatment time, are inconvenient to store and transport, and cause a series of problems such as mildew and rot of seeds or premature germination.
Specific: the seeds of the above 2 methods are laminated by sand mixing (the seeds and wet sand with the water content of 60% are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:3), and the examples are as follows: fresh seeds are subjected to temperature changing and bare (only seeds are needed to be added without any matrix) lamination.
1. The air-dried seeds used in comparative example 1 have higher germination rate than the fresh seeds used in comparative example 2 and the invention which are directly laminated at variable temperature, and part of the seeds lose germination capacity in the process of forming the air-dried seeds after the fresh seeds are dried at 15-25 ℃ because the seed embryos of the kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds produced in northeast China are small after being harvested and are not fully developed.
2. Compared with sand mixing lamination, the embodiment adopts bare lamination to avoid seed rot and deterioration in the warm lamination process caused by wet sand belt bacteria.
3. Compared with the temperature-changing sand mixing layer, the seeds with the temperature-changing bare lamination for releasing dormancy can be stored for a long time at a low temperature after being dried at 15-25 ℃, and then germination accelerating sowing can be carried out at any time according to the needs, and the germination rate of the seeds is not affected; and the seeds which are subjected to temperature changing and sand mixing lamination and are not easy to store are germinated and sowed as soon as possible after lamination is completed, and otherwise the seeds can germinate in a wet sand matrix in advance and even cause the seeds to mould and rot.
4. Compared with the temperature-changing sand mixing layer, the temperature-changing bare lamination dormancy-relieving seeds are more convenient to transport after being naturally dried at 15-25 ℃; the seeds with the temperature changing and sand mixing layer for releasing dormancy are mixed with wet sand with the water content of 60% according to the volume ratio of 1:3 in the lamination process, so that the weight is heavy, the temperature and humidity are required to be strictly controlled in the transportation process, and otherwise, the seeds germinate in advance in a wet sand matrix and even decay in the transportation process.
5. The seeds of which dormancy is removed by the temperature-changing naked lamination are naturally dried at 15-25 ℃ to obtain pure dry seeds of which dormancy is removed, and the pure dry seeds can be stored for 10 months at low temperature. In the prior art, the seeds after dormancy removal are wet seeds mixed with sand, and the seeds need to be germinated and sowed as soon as possible.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for releasing dormancy of kalopanax pictus seeds produced in northeast China, comprising the steps of:
(1) Carrying out warm bare layering treatment on fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds under the breathable and moisturizing conditions to obtain seeds subjected to warm bare layering;
(2) The seeds subjected to warm bare lamination are kept moist, and then the seeds subjected to low-temperature bare lamination are subjected to low-temperature bare lamination treatment, so that the seeds for releasing dormancy are obtained;
The fresh kalopanax sessiliflorus seeds in the step (1) are obtained by: after the kalopanax septemlobus fruits are picked, modulating and removing impurities to obtain fresh seeds; the modulation: removing the seeds from the peel; the impurity removal: removing impurities and blighted grains by a water separation method; the fresh seed further comprises a disinfection treatment, which: sterilizing fresh seeds with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 2h, taking out, and repeatedly washing with sterile water; the breathable and moisturizing conditions are as follows: packaging into a breathable seed bag with humidity of 80-85% RH; the warm bare lamination treatment comprises the following steps: no matrix exists at the temperature of 14-16 ℃ and the treatment time is 9-10 weeks;
Step (2) the wet keeping: placing the seeds subjected to warm bare lamination in a sealing bag, and keeping the humidity in the bag at 75-80% RH; the low-temperature bare lamination treatment comprises the following steps: 4-6 ℃, no matrix exists, and the treatment time is 12-13 weeks;
In the process of the low-temperature bare lamination treatment, opening a bag opening for ventilation every week, wherein the ventilation time is 10min, and the humidity in the bag is kept at 75-80% RH;
the method also comprises a step (3) of drying treatment;
The drying treatment comprises the following steps: drying at 15-25 deg.c to water content of 7-10%.
2. Use of the method of claim 1 in forestry production, landscaping.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105900559A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 中国中医科学院中药研究所 | Method for promoting seed germination of manyprickle acanthopanax |
| CN108419475A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-21 | 黑龙江中医药大学 | A kind of method that endogenetic fungus promotes wilsonii germination |
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- 2022-10-12 CN CN202211249125.9A patent/CN115720740B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105900559A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-31 | 中国中医科学院中药研究所 | Method for promoting seed germination of manyprickle acanthopanax |
| CN108419475A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-21 | 黑龙江中医药大学 | A kind of method that endogenetic fungus promotes wilsonii germination |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| "刺楸苗木培育技术";高颖 等;《绿色科技》(第第9期期);第84-85页 * |
| "北美鹅掌楸种子破眠技术研究";郭永清 等;《浙江林业科技》(06);第38-40页 * |
| 北美鹅掌楸种子破眠技术研究;郭永清;沈永宝;喻方圆;郎南军;;浙江林业科技;20061230(第06期) * |
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