CN115669798A - Corn stalk fermented feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Corn stalk fermented feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115669798A CN115669798A CN202211355690.3A CN202211355690A CN115669798A CN 115669798 A CN115669798 A CN 115669798A CN 202211355690 A CN202211355690 A CN 202211355690A CN 115669798 A CN115669798 A CN 115669798A
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 102000010911 Enzyme Precursors Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108010062466 Enzyme Precursors Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 description 15
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000038280 herbivores Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fermented feed. The invention provides a corn straw fermented feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 6-10 parts of corn, 13-17 parts of alfalfa, 0.8-1.2 parts of rumen bypass amino acid and 1-3 parts of zymogen liquid. The feed prepared by the invention has high nutrient content, can be suitable for raising beef cattle, accelerates the growth of the beef cattle and improves the yield of beef.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fermented feed, in particular to corn straw fermented feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The corn stalk contains more than 30% of carbohydrate, 2-4% of protein and 0.5-1% of fat, and can be ensiled or directly fed. For herbivores, a net energy gain of 2kg of corn stover is equivalent to 1kg of corn kernel. According to research and analysis, the digestion energy contained in the corn straws is 2235.8kJ/kg, the nutrition is rich, and the total energy is equivalent to that of pasture.
Liaoning, ji, hei san province and the east region of inner Mongolia are the main centralized areas of valuable black soil resources in China, and are called as 'golden corn zone'. The perennial corn planting area is stabilized at about 2.4 hundred million mu, which accounts for about 44 percent of the national corn planting area, the annual corn yield is about 1000 hundred million kilograms, and the corn straw yield reaches 1500 to 1800 hundred million kilograms. How to fully utilize the precious resources becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a corn straw fermented feed and a preparation method thereof, which make full use of corn straw resources and develop a new product.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a corn straw fermented feed which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 6-10 parts of corn, 13-17 parts of alfalfa, 0.8-1.2 parts of rumen bypass amino acid and 1-3 parts of zymogen liquid.
Preferably, the rumen bypass amino acid is rumen bypass lysine and rumen bypass methionine, and the weight ratio of the rumen bypass lysine to the rumen bypass methionine is 4-6: 1.
preferably, the zymocyte liquid comprises lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomycetes and bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, the concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermentation broth is 3 to 7X 10 9 CFU/mL。
Preferably, the concentration of yeast in the zymocyte liquid is 6.5-7.5 × 10 8 CFU/mL。
Preferably, the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the fermented solution is 2-4 × 10 9 CFU/mL。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the corn straw fermented feed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing corn straws and alfalfa, and mixing with bean pulp, wheat bran and corn to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid, and adjusting the water content to obtain a fermented material;
(3) And mixing the fermented material after anaerobic fermentation with rumen-bypass amino acid to obtain the corn straw fermented feed.
Preferably, the length of the crushed corn stalks and alfalfa in the step (1) is 0.5-2.5 cm.
Preferably, the water content of the fermentation material in the step (2) is 56-68%.
Preferably, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation in the step (2) is 15-35 ℃, and the time of the anaerobic fermentation is 3-10 days.
The invention provides a corn straw fermented feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 6-10 parts of corn, 13-17 parts of alfalfa, 0.8-1.2 parts of rumen bypass amino acid and 1-3 parts of zymogen liquid. The feed prepared by the invention has high nutrient content, can be suitable for raising beef cattle, accelerates the growth of the beef cattle and improves the yield of beef.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a corn straw fermented feed which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 6-10 parts of corn, 13-17 parts of alfalfa, 0.8-1.2 parts of rumen bypass amino acid and 1-3 parts of zymogen liquid.
In the invention, the corn straw is preferably 52 to 58 parts, and more preferably 55 parts.
In the present invention, the number of the soybean meal is preferably 22 to 28, and more preferably 25.
In the present invention, the wheat bran is preferably 11 parts.
In the present invention, the corn is preferably 8 parts.
In the present invention, the portion of the alfalfa is preferably 15 parts.
In the present invention, the part of the rumen bypass amino acid is preferably 1.0 part.
In the present invention, the number of parts of the fermentation broth is preferably 2.
In the present invention, the rumen bypass amino acid is preferably rumen bypass lysine and rumen bypass methionine, and the weight ratio of the rumen bypass lysine to the rumen bypass methionine is preferably 4-6: 1, more preferably 5:1.
in the present invention, the fermentation broth preferably includes lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and bacillus subtilis.
In the present invention, the concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermented liquid is preferably 3 to 7X 10 9 CFU/mL, more preferably 5X 10 9 CFU/mL。
In the present invention, the concentration of yeast in the fermentation broth is preferably 6.5 to 7.5 × 10 8 CFU/mL, more preferably 6X 10 8 CFU/mL。
In the present invention, the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the fermented solution is preferably 2 to 4X 10 9 CFU/mL, more preferably 3X 10 9 CFU/mL。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the corn straw fermented feed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing corn straws and alfalfa, and mixing with bean pulp, wheat bran and corn to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid, and adjusting the water content to obtain a fermentation material;
(3) And (3) mixing the fermented material after anaerobic fermentation with rumen-bypass amino acid to obtain the corn straw fermented feed.
In the present invention, the length of the pulverized corn stalks and alfalfa in step (1) is preferably 0.5 to 2.5cm, and more preferably 1.5cm.
In the present invention, the water content of the fermentation material in the step (2) is preferably 56 to 68%, and more preferably 62%.
In the present invention, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation in the step (2) is preferably 15 to 35 ℃, more preferably 20 to 25 ℃, and the time of the anaerobic fermentation is preferably 3 to 10 days, more preferably 5 to 7 days.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 50 parts of corn straws, 30 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of corn, 13 parts of alfalfa, 0.8 part of rumen bypass amino acid and 3 parts of zymogen liquid;
(2) Crushing corn straws and alfalfa to 2.5cm, and mixing with bean pulp, wheat bran and corn to obtain a mixture;
(3) Mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid, and adjusting the water content to 56% to obtain a fermented material;
(4) And (3) performing anaerobic fermentation on the fermented material at 15 ℃ for 10 days, and mixing the fermented material with rumen-bypass amino acid to obtain the corn straw fermented feed.
Note:
the weight ratio of rumen lysine to rumen bypass methionine in the rumen bypass amino acids in this example was 6:1;
the concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermented liquid of this example was 7X 10 9 CFU/mL, concentration of yeast is 6.5 × 10 8 CFU/mL, bacillus subtilis concentration of 2X 10 9 CFU/mL。
Example 2
(1) Weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 60 parts of corn straws, 20 parts of soybean meal, 12 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of corn, 17 parts of alfalfa, 1.2 parts of rumen bypass amino acid and 1 part of zymogen liquid;
(2) Crushing corn stalks and alfalfa to 0.5cm, and mixing with bean pulp, wheat bran and corn to obtain a mixture;
(3) Mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid, and adjusting the water content to 68% to obtain a fermented material;
(4) And (3) performing anaerobic fermentation on the fermented material at 35 ℃ for 3 days, and mixing the fermented material with rumen-bypass amino acid to obtain the corn straw fermented feed.
Note:
the weight ratio of rumen lysine to rumen bypass methionine in the rumen bypass amino acids in this example was 6:1;
the concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermented liquid of this example was 3X 10 9 CFU/mL, concentration of yeast is 7.5 × 10 8 CFU/mL, bacillus subtilis concentration of 4X 10 9 CFU/mL。
Example 3
(1) Weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of 55 parts of corn straws, 25 parts of soybean meal, 11 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of corn, 15 parts of alfalfa, 1 part of rumen bypass amino acid and 2 parts of zymogen liquid;
(2) Crushing corn straws and alfalfa to 1.5cm, and mixing with bean pulp, wheat bran and corn to obtain a mixture;
(3) Mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid, and adjusting the water content to 62% to obtain a fermented material;
(4) And (3) performing anaerobic fermentation on the fermented material at 25 ℃ for 5 days, and mixing the fermented material with rumen-bypass amino acid to obtain the corn straw fermented feed.
Note:
the weight ratio of rumen lysine to rumen bypass methionine in rumen bypass amino acids in this example was 5:1;
the concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermented liquid of this example was 5X 10 9 CFU/mL, concentration of yeast is 6X 10 8 CFU/mL, bacillus subtilis concentration of 3X 10 9 CFU/mL。
Test examples
60 Yanbian yellow cattle of day age and approximate weight are selected and averagely divided into 4 groups, which are numbered as a control group and test groups 1-3, wherein the control group is fed with silage corn and commercial feed, the test group 1 is fed with the fermented feed prepared in the example 1, the test group 2 is fed with the fermented feed prepared in the example 2, and the test group 3 is fed with the fermented feed prepared in the example 3.
Before the test, the average initial weight of each group of cattle is counted, and the cattle freely drink water and eat during the test. The test was terminated when the average body weight of the cattle in the group reached 450 kg. And (4) counting the slaughtering days of each group of cattle after the test is finished, and calculating the average meat yield of each group after slaughtering. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 average initial body weight, days on slaughter and average meat yield for each group
Group of | Average initial body weight (kg) | Days to slaughter (sky) | Average meat production (%) |
Control group | 151.3 | 296 | 44.3 |
Test group 1 | 149.7 | 201 | 50.1 |
Test group 2 | 150.6 | 203 | 49.8 |
Test group 3 | 150.9 | 203 | 50.6 |
The result shows that the feed prepared by the invention has high nutrient content, can be suitable for feeding beef cattle, accelerates the growth of the beef cattle and improves the yield of beef.
The embodiment of the invention provides a corn straw fermented feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 6-10 parts of corn, 13-17 parts of alfalfa, 0.8-1.2 parts of rumen bypass amino acid and 1-3 parts of zymogen liquid. The feed prepared by the invention has high nutrient content, can be suitable for raising beef cattle, accelerates the growth of the beef cattle and improves the yield of beef.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The corn straw fermented feed is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of corn straw, 20-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 6-10 parts of corn, 13-17 parts of alfalfa, 0.8-1.2 parts of rumen bypass amino acid and 1-3 parts of zymogen liquid.
2. The feed of claim 1, wherein the rumen bypass amino acids are rumen bypass lysine and rumen bypass methionine, and the weight ratio of the rumen bypass lysine to the rumen bypass methionine is 4-6: 1.
3. the corn stalk fermented feed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the fermented liquid includes lactobacillus plantarum, yeast and bacillus subtilis.
4. The corn stalk fermented feed as claimed in claim 3, wherein the concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum in the fermented liquid is 3-7 x 10 9 CFU/mL。
5. The corn stalk fermented feed as claimed in claim 3, wherein the concentration of the yeast in the fermented liquid is 6.5-7.5 x 10 8 CFU/mL。
6. The corn stalk fermented feed as claimed in claim 3, wherein the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the fermented liquid is 2-4 x 10 9 CFU/mL。
7. The preparation method of the corn stalk fermented feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing corn straws and alfalfa, and mixing with bean pulp, wheat bran and corn to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing the mixture with a zymophyte liquid, and adjusting the water content to obtain a fermentation material;
(3) And (3) mixing the fermented material after anaerobic fermentation with rumen-bypass amino acid to obtain the corn straw fermented feed.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the pulverized corn stover and alfalfa in step (1) has a length of 0.5 to 2.5cm.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the water content of the fermented material in the step (2) is 56 to 68%.
10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation in the step (2) is 15 to 35 ℃ and the time of the anaerobic fermentation is 3 to 10 days.
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CN202211355690.3A CN115669798A (en) | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-01 | Corn stalk fermented feed and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103750013A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-30 | 吉林大北农农牧科技有限责任公司 | Animal feed and preparation method thereof |
CN108056260A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-22 | 宁夏大北农科技实业有限公司 | Feed for beef cattle and preparation method thereof and the application in the special cultivation of Muslim beef |
CN110463837A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-19 | 谷实农牧集团股份有限公司 | A kind of biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof improving beef ox fattening later period production performance |
CN112586615A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 云南中康牧业有限公司 | Preparation method of beef cattle feed |
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- 2022-11-01 CN CN202211355690.3A patent/CN115669798A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103750013A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-30 | 吉林大北农农牧科技有限责任公司 | Animal feed and preparation method thereof |
CN108056260A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-05-22 | 宁夏大北农科技实业有限公司 | Feed for beef cattle and preparation method thereof and the application in the special cultivation of Muslim beef |
CN110463837A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-19 | 谷实农牧集团股份有限公司 | A kind of biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof improving beef ox fattening later period production performance |
CN112586615A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-02 | 云南中康牧业有限公司 | Preparation method of beef cattle feed |
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