CN115530027A - Pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology - Google Patents
Pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 241000234671 Ananas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001366032 Melamphaes suborbitalis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037208 balanced nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019046 balanced nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007115 recruitment Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly discloses a pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and a weed prevention technology, which mainly comprises the following steps: first, preparing soil preparation and base fertilizer application; laying a spraying belt, covering a mulching film and planting, covering bare soil among ridges with grass prevention cloth, installing a water and fertilizer integrated facility, and implementing water and fertilizer integrated irrigation. The method is simple and easy to implement, saves a large amount of labor cost for fertilizing, irrigating, weeding and the like, realizes accurate and in-place fertilizing and irrigating under the mulching film, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency, greatly saves fertilizer, reduces waste, reduces environmental pollution, implements a grass prevention technology, does not use artificial weeding and chemical herbicides at all, is a powerful guarantee for the production of green organic pineapples, and the grass prevention technology is also beneficial to rainwater leakage and soil moisture conservation and is a matching technology for saving water and reducing irrigation waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and a weed prevention technology.
Background
The growth accumulation amount of the pineapple plant seedling body is in direct proportion to the size and weight of the fruit, and the management of proper and sufficient water and fertilizer is a crucial link for obtaining high yield of pineapple. Traditional pineapple fertilization mode needs the manual work to fertilize the material in root cave, be unfavorable for the pineapple to absorb, still can cause the extravagant or even burn the root phenomenon of fertilizer, also have the mode of adopting artifical liquid manure to drip and irritate, mix earlier promptly with the liquid manure after dissolving in proportion, adopt the manual work to water the root of pineapple again, this kind of fertilization mode can realize accurate fertilization, nevertheless to the land for growing field crops large tracts of land pineapple of planting, this kind of fertilization mode wastes time and energy, low in production efficiency, thereby because the too high planting benefit greatly reduced that causes of recruitment cost. The high-temperature and high-humidity environment for growth of tropical fruit pineapples is also a very vigorous condition for growth of weeds, a large amount of labor cost is needed for traditional artificial weeding, environmental pollution and soil damage can be caused by a method using a chemical herbicide, and organic green fruit production cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and a grass prevention technology.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology comprises the following steps:
step one, soil preparation and base fertilizer preparation;
deep ploughing once, rotary tillage for 2 times, soil breaking, harrowing and leveling, uniformly spraying fermented animal manure farmyard organic fertilizer 2500-3500kg/mu, and then ridging, wherein the ridge width is 110cm, and the furrow width is 70cm;
step two, laying a spraying belt, covering a mulching film and planting;
5 holes of spraying belts with the caliber of 60mm are longitudinally paved in the middle of the ridge, the spraying holes are upward, pure black mulching films with the width of 1200-1400 mm and the pre-punched hole diameter of 150mm are selected, the row spacing of the holes of the mulching film pre-punched holes is 40cm, the plant spacing is 30cm, the mulching films are longitudinally covered along the ridge, the spraying belts are correspondingly covered at the middle positions of the two row spacing of the pre-punched holes of the mulching films, and soil is crushed to compact the two sides of the mulching films so as to realize accurate irrigation under the mulching films; then selecting strong pineapple seedlings with the length of 25-35cm, and planting the pineapple seedlings in the reserved holes of the mulching film;
step three, covering with grass prevention cloth;
the method comprises the following steps of selecting 80 cm-wide PP material circular weaving process grass prevention cloth to completely cover exposed parts between ridges along the longitudinal direction between the ridges, solving the problem of weed germination in the whole field management production period at one time, saving a large amount of labor cost of weeding in the traditional method, completely using no chemical herbicide, solving the key technology of green organic planting, facilitating rain water seepage and soil moisture preservation, and being capable of being folded for reuse after the production period is finished;
step four, installing a water and fertilizer integrated facility;
arranging a fertilizer distribution pool, a submersible pump and power equipment according to the size of a planting area, transversely paving a main water and fertilizer pipeline along a ridge head, connecting one end of the main water and fertilizer pipeline with the submersible pump in the fertilizer distribution pool, and sealing the other end of the main water and fertilizer pipeline; the spraying belt preset in each ridge is connected with a water valve additionally arranged between the main pipelines, the other end of the spraying belt is knotted and sealed to finish equipment installation, and the water valves of the spraying belts in several ridges are determined to be opened according to the pressure of a water pump during irrigation so as to ensure that the far end of the spraying belt has enough pressure and water yield;
step five, implementing water and fertilizer integrated irrigation;
carrying out water-fertilizer irrigation for the 1 st time after 30 days of field planting of the pineapples, and preparing fertilizers by taking root promoting, root stabilizing and seedling fixing as main targets, wherein N is used as a main component, and N: p: k is 25, and 12, compounding 20 kg/mu of water-soluble compound fertilizer for promoting 1 kg/mu of mineral-derived fulvic acid potassium with developed root systems to prepare 1500 times of water-fertilizer solution for water-fertilizer integrated irrigation; and respectively implementing 2 nd and 3 rd water and fertilizer irrigation in 3 rd and 5 th months after planting, wherein N: p: the K content is 18:18: the 18 balanced nutrition water-soluble compound fertilizer is irrigated in an integrated manner by two times of water and fertilizer in a ratio of 35 kg/mu to 1500 times and 30 kg/mu to 1800 times respectively; and (4) appropriately supplementing single-water irrigation without fertilizer according to the drought, stopping applying fertilizer for 30 days in 6 to 7 months, performing flower forcing, and performing water and fertilizer application management in the period from ripening to picking for 5 to 6 months after flower forcing.
Preferably, the farmyard manure is fermented animal manure.
Preferably, when ridging is carried out, ridging is carried out according to the width of 100-120cm, the ridge surface is smooth, trenches with the width of 70cm are formed among the ridges, the length of each ridge is controlled within 30 m, and therefore sufficient pressure at the tail end of an irrigation spray belt is guaranteed, and field management is facilitated in the later period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects: the method is simple and easy to implement, saves more than 60 percent of labor cost, more than 50 percent of water consumption, 30 percent of chemical fertilizer consumption and 100 percent of chemical herbicide, does not use chemical herbicide at all, reduces environmental pollution, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency, saves water sources, greatly reduces labor cost and production efficiency, comprehensively saves the input cost by 35 percent, and realizes yield increase, efficiency improvement and income increase compared with the traditional planting method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the examples, which are set forth in the claims.
Example 1
A pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology comprises the following steps:
step one, soil preparation and base fertilizer preparation;
deep ploughing once, rotary tillage for 2 times, soil breaking, harrowing and leveling, uniformly spraying fermented animal manure farmyard organic fertilizer 3000 kg/mu, ridging according to the width of 110cm, leveling ridge surfaces and 70cm of furrow width; the length of the ridge is controlled within 30 meters, so that sufficient pressure of a spraying belt for water and fertilizer irrigation and later-stage field management are ensured;
step two, laying a spraying belt, covering a mulching film and planting;
5-hole spraying belts with the caliber of 60mm are longitudinally laid along the middle of the ridge, the spraying holes are upward, pure black mulching films with the width of 1300mm and the pre-punched hole diameter of 150mm are selected, the row spacing of holes punched in the reserved holes of the mulching films is 40cm, the plant spacing is 30cm, the mulching films are longitudinally covered along the ridge, the spraying belts are correspondingly covered at the middle positions of two rows of row spacing of the reserved holes of the mulching films, and soil is crushed to compact the two sides of the mulching films so as to realize precise irrigation under the mulching films; then selecting a robust pineapple bud seedling with the length of 30cm, and planting the pineapple seedling along with a reserved hole of a mulching film;
step three, covering with grass prevention cloth;
the method comprises the following steps of selecting 80 cm-wide PP material circular weaving process grass prevention cloth to completely cover exposed parts between ridges along the longitudinal direction between the ridges, solving the problem of weed germination in the whole field management production period at one time, saving a large amount of labor cost of weeding in the traditional method, completely using no chemical herbicide, solving the key technology of green organic planting, facilitating rain water seepage and soil moisture preservation, and being capable of being folded for reuse after the production period is finished;
step four, installing a water and fertilizer integrated facility;
arranging a fertilizer preparation pool and power equipment of a submersible pump according to the size of a planting area, transversely paving a main water-fertilizer pipeline along a ridge head, connecting one end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline with the submersible pump in the fertilizer preparation pool, and sealing the other end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline; the spraying belt preset in each ridge is connected with a water valve additionally arranged between the main pipelines, the other end of the spraying belt is knotted and sealed to finish equipment installation, and the water valves of the spraying belts in several ridges are determined to be opened according to the pressure of a water pump during irrigation so as to ensure that the far end of the spraying belt has enough pressure and water yield;
step five, implementing water and fertilizer integrated irrigation;
carrying out 1 st water-fertilizer irrigation 30 days after pineapple field planting, and preparing fertilizer by taking root promoting, root stabilizing and seedling stabilizing as a main target, wherein N is used as a main component, and N: p: k is 25, and 12, compounding 20 kg/mu of water-soluble compound fertilizer for promoting 1 kg/mu of mineral-derived fulvic acid potassium with developed root systems to prepare 1500 times of water-fertilizer solution for water-fertilizer integrated irrigation; and respectively implementing 2 nd and 3 rd water and fertilizer irrigation in 3 rd and 5 th months after planting, wherein N: p: the K content is 18:18: the 18 balanced nutrition water-soluble compound fertilizer is irrigated in an integrated manner by two times of water and fertilizer in a ratio of 35 kg/mu to 1500 times and 30 kg/mu to 1800 times respectively; and (4) appropriately supplementing single-water irrigation without fertilizer according to the drought, stopping applying fertilizer for 30 days in 6 to 7 months, performing flower forcing, and performing water and fertilizer application management in the period from ripening to picking for 5 to 6 months after flower forcing.
Example 2
A pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology comprises the following steps:
step one, soil preparation and base fertilizer preparation;
deep ploughing once, rotary tillage for 2 times, soil smashing, harrowing and leveling, uniformly spraying 2500 kg/mu of long-acting organic fertilizer, then ridging according to the width of 100cm, leveling ridge surfaces and 70cm of furrow width; the length of the ridge is controlled within 30 meters, so that sufficient pressure of a spraying belt for water and fertilizer irrigation and later-stage field management are ensured;
step two, laying a spraying belt, covering a mulching film and planting;
laying 5-hole spraying belts with the caliber of 60mm longitudinally along the middle of the ridge, enabling the spraying holes to be upward, selecting a pure black mulching film with the width of 1200mm and the pre-punched hole diameter of 150mm, covering the mulching film with the pre-punched holes at the row spacing of 40cm and the plant spacing of 30cm longitudinally along the ridge, covering the spraying belts at the middle position of the two rows of row spacing of the pre-punched holes of the mulching film correspondingly, and compacting two sides of the mulching film by using soil crumbs to realize precise irrigation under the mulching film; then selecting strong pineapple bud seedlings with the length of 25cm, and planting the pineapple seedlings along the reserved holes of the mulching film;
step three, covering with grass prevention cloth;
the method is characterized in that the 80 cm-wide PP material circular weaving process grass prevention cloth is selected to completely cover the exposed parts between the ridges along the longitudinal direction between the ridges, the grass prevention cloth solves the problem of weed germination in the whole field management production period at one time, a large amount of labor cost of weeding in the traditional method is saved, a chemical herbicide is not used at all, the key technology of green organic planting is solved, the grass prevention cloth is beneficial to rain water seepage and soil moisture preservation, and the grass prevention cloth can be folded for reuse after the production period is finished;
step four, installing a water and fertilizer integrated facility;
power equipment of a fertilizer preparation pool and a submersible pump is arranged according to the size of the planting area, a main water-fertilizer pipeline is transversely paved along the ridge head, one end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline is connected with the submersible pump in the fertilizer preparation pool, and the other end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline is closed; the spraying belt preset in each ridge is connected with a water valve additionally arranged between the main pipelines, the other end of the spraying belt is knotted and sealed to finish equipment installation, and the water valves of the spraying belts in several ridges are determined to be opened according to the pressure of a water pump during irrigation so as to ensure that the far end of the spraying belt has enough pressure and water yield;
step five, implementing water and fertilizer integrated irrigation;
carrying out water-fertilizer irrigation for the 1 st time after 30 days of field planting of the pineapples, and preparing fertilizers by taking root promoting, root stabilizing and seedling fixing as main targets, wherein N is used as a main component, and N: p: k is 25, and 12, compounding 20 kg/mu of water-soluble compound fertilizer for promoting 1 kg/mu of mineral-derived fulvic acid potassium with developed root systems to prepare 1500 times of water-fertilizer solution for water-fertilizer integrated irrigation; and respectively implementing the 2 nd and 3 rd water and fertilizer irrigation in the 3 rd and 5 th months after field planting, wherein N: p: the K content is 18:18: the 18 balanced nutrition water-soluble compound fertilizer is irrigated in an integrated manner by water and fertilizer twice according to the proportion of 1500 times and 1800 times of 35 kg/mu and 30 kg/mu respectively; during the period, the water irrigation without fertilizer is properly supplemented according to the drought condition, the fertilization is stopped for 30 days in 6 to 7 months, the flower forcing can be carried out, and the water and fertilizer application management is not needed from the mature period to the harvest period of 5 to 6 months after the flower forcing.
Example 3
A pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology comprises the following steps:
step one, land preparation and base fertilizer preparation;
deep ploughing once, rotary tillage for 2 times, soil breaking, harrowing and leveling, uniformly spraying 3500 kg/mu of long-acting organic fertilizer, ridging according to the width of 120cm, leveling ridge surfaces and 70cm of furrow width; the length of the ridge is controlled within 30 meters, so that sufficient pressure of a spraying belt for water and fertilizer irrigation is ensured, and field management in the later period is facilitated;
step two, laying a spraying belt, covering a mulching film and planting;
laying 5-hole spraying belts with the caliber of 60mm longitudinally along the middle of the ridge, enabling the spraying holes to be upward, selecting a pure black mulching film with the width of 1400mm and the pre-punched hole diameter of 150mm, covering the mulching film with the pre-punched holes at the row spacing of 40cm and the plant spacing of 30cm longitudinally along the ridge, covering the spraying belts at the middle position of the two rows of row spacing of the pre-punched holes of the mulching film correspondingly, and compacting two sides of the mulching film by using soil crumbs to realize precise irrigation under the mulching film; then selecting strong pineapple bud seedlings with the length of 35cm, and planting the pineapple seedlings along the reserved holes of the mulching film;
step three, covering with grass prevention cloth;
the method is characterized in that the 80 cm-wide PP material circular weaving process grass prevention cloth is selected to completely cover the exposed parts between the ridges along the longitudinal direction between the ridges, the grass prevention cloth solves the problem of weed germination in the whole field management production period at one time, a large amount of labor cost of weeding in the traditional method is saved, a chemical herbicide is not used at all, the key technology of green organic planting is solved, the grass prevention cloth is beneficial to rain water seepage and soil moisture preservation, and the grass prevention cloth can be folded for reuse after the production period is finished;
step four, installing a water and fertilizer integrated facility;
power equipment of a fertilizer preparation pool and a submersible pump is arranged according to the size of the planting area, a main water-fertilizer pipeline is transversely paved along the ridge head, one end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline is connected with the submersible pump in the fertilizer preparation pool, and the other end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline is closed; the spraying belt preset in each ridge is connected with a water valve additionally arranged between the main pipelines, the other end of the spraying belt is knotted and sealed to finish equipment installation, and the water valves of the spraying belts in several ridges are determined to be opened according to the pressure of a water pump during irrigation so as to ensure that the far end of the spraying belt has enough pressure and water yield;
step five, implementing water and fertilizer integrated irrigation;
carrying out water-fertilizer irrigation for the 1 st time after 30 days of field planting of the pineapples, and preparing fertilizers by taking root promoting, root stabilizing and seedling fixing as main targets, wherein N is used as a main component, and N: p: k is 25, and 12, compounding 20 kg/mu of water-soluble compound fertilizer for promoting 1 kg/mu of mineral-derived fulvic acid potassium with developed root systems to prepare 1500 times of water-fertilizer solution for water-fertilizer integrated irrigation; and respectively implementing 2 nd and 3 rd water and fertilizer irrigation in 3 rd and 5 th months after planting, wherein N: p: the K content is 18:18: the 18 balanced nutrition water-soluble compound fertilizer is irrigated in an integrated manner by water and fertilizer twice according to the proportion of 1500 times and 1800 times of 35 kg/mu and 30 kg/mu respectively; during the period, the water irrigation without fertilizer is properly supplemented according to the drought condition, the fertilization is stopped for 30 days in 6 to 7 months, the flower forcing can be carried out, and the water and fertilizer application management is not needed from the mature period to the harvest period of 5 to 6 months after the flower forcing.
The method is simple and easy to implement, saves a large amount of labor cost for fertilizing, irrigating, weeding and the like, accurately and in place for fertilizing and irrigating under the mulching film, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency, greatly saves fertilizer, reduces waste, reduces environmental pollution, implements a grass prevention technology, does not use artificial weeding and chemical herbicides at all, is the most powerful guarantee for green organic agricultural production, and the grass prevention technology is also beneficial to rainwater leakage and soil moisture conservation and is a matching technology for saving water and reducing irrigation waste. Compared with the traditional method, the cost of fertilizing, irrigating and fertilizing is comprehensively saved by more than 40%, chemical removal agents are not used at all, 100% of the cost of chemical herbicides is saved, the labor cost of pesticide-saving weeding and fertilizing and irrigating is more than 70%, the grass-prevention cloth is folded and recycled after the production cycle is finished, the production efficiency is improved, and the yield and benefit increase are realized.
Claims (3)
1. A pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, soil preparation and base fertilizer preparation;
deep ploughing once, rotary tillage for 2 times, harrowing and leveling soil, uniformly spraying farmyard organic fertilizer 2500-3500kg/mu, ridging, wherein the ridge width is 110cm, and the furrow width is 70cm;
step two, laying a spraying belt, covering a mulching film and planting;
longitudinally paving 5-hole spraying belts with the caliber of 60mm along the middle of the ridge, enabling spray holes to be upward, selecting pure black mulching films with the widths of 1200-1400 mm and the pre-punched holes and the hole diameters of 150mm, covering the mulching films with the reserved planting holes at the row spacing of 40cm and the plant spacing of 30cm, covering the spraying belts at the middle positions of the two row spacing of the reserved holes of the mulching films correspondingly by longitudinally covering the mulching films along the ridge, and compacting two sides of the mulching films by using broken soil to realize accurate irrigation under the mulching films; then selecting strong pineapple seedlings with the length of 25-35cm, and planting the pineapple seedlings in the reserved holes of the mulching film;
step three, covering with grass prevention cloth;
selecting 80cm wide PP material circular weaving process grass prevention cloth to completely cover the exposed parts between the ridges along the longitudinal direction between the ridges;
step four, installing a water and fertilizer integrated facility;
power equipment of a fertilizer preparation pool and a submersible pump is arranged according to the size of the planting area, a main water-fertilizer pipeline is transversely paved along the ridge head, one end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline is connected with the submersible pump in the fertilizer preparation pool, and the other end of the main water-fertilizer pipeline is closed; the spraying belt preset in each ridge is connected with a water valve additionally arranged between the main pipelines, the other end of the spraying belt is knotted and sealed to complete equipment installation, and the spraying belt water valves in a plurality of ridges are determined to be opened according to the pressure of a water pump during irrigation so as to ensure that the far end of the spraying belt has enough pressure and water yield;
step five, implementing water and fertilizer integrated irrigation;
carrying out water-fertilizer irrigation for the 1 st time after 30 days of field planting of the pineapples, and preparing fertilizers by taking root promoting, root stabilizing and seedling fixing as main targets, wherein N is used as a main component, and N: p: k is 25, and 12, compounding 20 kg/mu of water-soluble compound fertilizer for promoting 1 kg/mu of mineral-derived fulvic acid potassium with developed root systems to prepare 1500 times of water-fertilizer solution for water-fertilizer integrated irrigation; and respectively implementing 2 nd and 3 rd water and fertilizer irrigation in 3 rd and 5 th months after field planting, wherein N: p: the K content is 18:18: the 18 balanced nutrition water-soluble compound fertilizer is irrigated in an integrated manner by water and fertilizer twice according to the proportion of 1500 times and 1800 times of 35 kg/mu and 30 kg/mu respectively; during the period, the water irrigation without fertilizer is supplemented according to the drought condition, the fertilization is stopped for 30 days in 6 to 7 months, the flower forcing can be carried out, and the water and fertilizer application management is not needed from the mature period to the harvest period of 5 to 6 months after the flower forcing.
2. The pineapple planting method combining the water and fertilizer integration and the grass prevention technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for arranging the water and fertilizer integration spraying belt and the mulching film is combined with the grass prevention cloth technology.
3. The pineapple planting method combining water and fertilizer integration and grass prevention technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein mulching films are longitudinally covered along the ridges based on upward spraying nozzle holes, the spraying belts are covered at the middle positions of two rows of line spaces of the reserved holes of the mulching films correspondingly, and both sides of the mulching films are compacted by soil crumbs, so that precise irrigation and fertilization under the mulching films are realized.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104641838A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 邵艳艳 | Greenhouse cultivation technique for ornamental pineapples |
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