CN115467166A - 一种石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115467166A
CN115467166A CN202210951234.9A CN202210951234A CN115467166A CN 115467166 A CN115467166 A CN 115467166A CN 202210951234 A CN202210951234 A CN 202210951234A CN 115467166 A CN115467166 A CN 115467166A
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graphene
functional
resistant
yarn
latex
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沙嫣
沙晓林
马立国
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Nantong Johnson & Johnson New Material Technology Co ltd
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Nantong Johnson & Johnson New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法，该方法包含：步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维；步骤2，将石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线；步骤3，配制功能性浆料；步骤4，将石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴；步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆；步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干；步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒；步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品。本发明还提供了通过该方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。本发明制备的石墨烯功能纱线，不仅使石墨烯在石墨烯功能纱线中分散更均匀，而且具有阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学等功能，同时成本较低。

Description

一种石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种石墨烯多功能复合纱线及其制备方法，具体地，涉及一种新式的成本低廉的石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法。
背景技术
石墨烯是从石墨中剥离出来的单层碳原子材料，由碳原子紧密堆积成单层二维蜂窝状晶格结构，它是人类已知的厚度最薄、质地最坚硬、导电性最好的材料。石墨烯具有优异的力学、光学和电学性质，结构非常稳定，迄今为止研究者尚未发现石墨烯中有碳原子缺失的情况，碳原子之间的链接非常柔韧，比钻石还坚硬，强度比世界上最好的钢铁还要高上100倍，如果用石墨烯制成包装袋，它将能承受大约两吨重的物品，几乎完全透明，却极为致密，不透水、不透气，即使原子尺寸最小的氦气也无法通过，导电性能好，石墨烯中电子的运动速度达到了光速的1/300，导电性超过了任何传统的导电材料，化学性质类似石墨表面，可以吸附和脱附各种原子和分子，还有抵御强酸强碱的能力。
由于石墨烯是一种性能优越的二维材料，当在普通纤维中添加一定比例的石墨烯及添加剂时，能够明显提高该复合纤维以及加工成纱线的性能。
目前，市场上石墨烯纱线有石墨烯锦纶纱线、石墨烯涤纶纱线、石墨烯高强高模聚乙烯纱线，分别具有不同的优点和缺陷。石墨烯具有抗菌、远红外发热功能，但是锦纶纱线、涤纶纱线缺少抗切割及其他功能。石墨烯高强高模聚乙烯纱线具有一定的抗切割功能，但是耐热性较差。换句话说，现有的石墨烯纱线，一般只有单一功能或两种功能的缺陷。
而且，一般制备石墨烯纱线是在现成的切片和粉状材料中，于熔融纺丝过程中加入石墨烯，但是会造成搅拌分散不均匀，石墨烯功能纤维呈现石墨烯团聚，进而造成纱线的功能下降。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种石墨烯多功能复合纱线及其制备方法，能够解决现有问题，制备的石墨烯多功能纱线，不仅具有抗菌、抗紫外、远红外功能，而且具有抗切割、阻燃等功能。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其中，所述的方法包含：步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维；步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线；步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料；步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴；步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆；步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干；步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒；步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
优选地，所述的步骤1是在化学纤维的原材料切片或粉料的制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的聚酰胺、聚酯、超高分子量聚乙烯中的任意一种切片或粉料，再通过熔融纺丝或搅拌拉伸法，制备石墨烯功能纤维；所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯锦纶纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯高模高强聚乙烯纤维中的任意一种。
优选地，所述的步骤3中，功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为(15：85)～(35：65)。
优选地，所述的功能性浆料中，乳胶采用水性聚氨酯乳胶、氯丁乳胶、天然乳胶、丙烯酸乳胶、丁腈乳胶、聚氯乙烯乳胶中的任意一种或多种。
优选地，所述的功能性浆料中，阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料5-10份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比(1-5)：(2-8)：(1-10)组成。
优选地，所述的功能性浆料中，抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料10-15份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比(1-10)：(1-15)：(2-21)组成。
优选地，所述的功能性浆料中，抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料0.5-2份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括无机类抗热材料、有机纤维粉体材料、以有机硅为载体的耐高温材料；无机类抗热材料为气凝胶粉体、二氧化硅粉体、碳化硅粉体、碳化铝粉体中的任意一种或多种，有机纤维粉体材料为芳纶粉体、聚酰亚胺粉体、PBO粉体、PBI粉体中的任意一种或多种。
优选地，所述的功能性浆料中，抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料0.5-1份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括树脂类材料、橡胶类材料、有机乳液材料；树脂类材料为酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、呋喃树脂、聚氨基甲酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、过氯乙烯树脂中的任意一种或多种，橡胶类材料为丁腈橡胶、氯丁橡胶、丁基橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、氟橡胶中的任意一种或多种，有机乳液材料为含氟乳液。
优选地，所述的步骤5中，将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。
本发明还提供了通过上述的方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
本发明提供的石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法具有以下优点：
本发明的石墨烯多功能纱线，不仅具有抗菌、抗紫外、远红外功能，而且具有抗切割、阻燃等功能。
本发明的石墨烯多功能纱线，在不使用玻纤、钢丝情况下，抗切割等级可以达到美标要求，而且制备方法简单、无污染，成本较低，应用市场广泛。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步地说明。
本发明提供的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，制备一种新型的石墨烯多功能纱线。
该制备方法包含：步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维；步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线；步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料；步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴；步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆；步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干；步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒；步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
其中，步骤1是在化学纤维的原材料切片或粉料的制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的聚酰胺、聚酯、超高分子量聚乙烯中的任意一种切片或粉料，再通过熔融纺丝或搅拌拉伸法，制备石墨烯功能纤维；所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯锦纶纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯高模高强聚乙烯纤维中的任意一种。聚酯(PET，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)纤维，俗称涤纶。聚酰胺纤维又称锦纶，俗称尼龙(Nylon)。
即，首先在化纤切片、化纤粉料制备过程中，就加入石墨烯(单体聚合过程中添加石墨烯材料)，得到含有石墨烯的切片和粉料。
具体地，是在聚合制备聚酰胺6切片、PET聚脂切片、超高分子量聚乙烯粉等纤维原料过程中，加入石墨烯，得到含有石墨烯成分的切片或粉末。通过在化学纤维前序原料合成制备时，如聚酰胺、PET、超高分子量聚乙烯切片或粉料中加入石墨烯，使石墨烯在原料中分散更均匀。
然后，将制备的含有石墨烯的原料(含有石墨烯成分的切片或粉料)，通过熔融纺丝法或搅拌拉伸法，制备成含有石墨烯的聚酰胺6、PET、超高分子量等纤维，再分别加工成复合纱线。
具体地，是通过熔融法制备出含有石墨烯的聚酰胺6、PET聚脂纤维；或通过搅拌拉伸法，制备出含有石墨烯的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。优选地，将石墨烯复合超高分子量聚乙烯在适当的溶剂中，搅拌制成半稀溶液，通过拉伸制成复合纤维。
最后，分别采用所得的纤维制备石墨烯功能纱线。
步骤3中，功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学等的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为(15：85)～(35：65)。按重量份数计，功能材料优选地包括阻燃材料5-10份，抗热材料0.5-2份，抗切割材料10-15份，抗化学材料0.5-1份，按比例分别加入相应的乳胶中，混合均匀制备成各种功能性浆料。
即，步骤3是配置含有阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学材料等的涂料(功能性浆料)。
优选地，乳胶采用水性聚氨酯乳胶、氯丁乳胶、天然乳胶、丙烯酸乳胶、丁腈乳胶、聚氯乙烯乳胶中的任意一种或多种。
阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料5-10份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比(1-5)：(2-8)：(1-10)组成。
阻燃的功能材料还可以采用其它阻燃剂，按成分可以分为无机阻燃剂、有机阻燃剂、有机-无机混合阻燃剂三大类。
具体地，无机阻燃剂包含氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、磷酸一铵、磷酸二铵、氯化铵、硼酸等。有机阻燃剂包含卤素阻燃剂、磷酸酯、卤代磷酸酯、六溴水散体、十溴-三氧化二锑等。有机-无机混合阻燃剂采用水溶性的有机磷酸酯水乳液等。
抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料10-15份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比(1-10)：(1-15)：(2-21)组成。
抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料0.5-2份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括无机类抗热材料、有机纤维粉体材料、以有机硅为载体的耐高温材料；无机类抗热材料为气凝胶粉体、二氧化硅粉体、碳化硅粉体、碳化铝粉体等中的任意一种或多种，有机纤维粉体材料为芳纶粉体、聚酰亚胺粉体、PBO(聚对苯撑苯并二噁唑，Poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole)粉体、PBI(聚苯并咪唑，Polybenzimidazoles)粉体等中的任意一种或多种。以有机硅为载体的耐高温涂料，最高耐温不超过400℃，超过次温度发生碳化。
抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料0.5-1份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括树脂类材料、橡胶类材料、有机乳液材料；树脂类材料为酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、呋喃树脂、聚氨基甲酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、过氯乙烯树脂中的任意一种或多种，橡胶类材料为丁腈橡胶、氯丁橡胶、丁基橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、氟橡胶中的任意一种或多种，有机乳液材料为含氟乳液。
步骤4是将含有石墨烯的聚酰胺、PET、超高分子量等纱线中的一种，放置在纱线涂覆设备中的纱架上，并将若干纱筒制成经轴。
步骤5中，将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。即，在一个浆槽钟浸渍一种涂料，完成后再进入下一个浆槽，浸渍另一种涂料。
本发明中采用的设备和其它工艺的条件参数等均为本领域内技术人员所知的。
本发明还提供了通过该方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法做更进一步描述。
实施例1
一种石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
优选地，在化学纤维的原材料切片的制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的聚酰胺切片，再通过熔融纺丝法，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯锦纶纤维。
步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线。
步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料。
功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为15：85。
乳胶采用水性聚氨酯乳胶。
阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料5份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比1：2：1组成。
抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料10份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比1：1：2组成。
抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料0.5份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括无机类抗热材料；无机类抗热材料为气凝胶粉体或二氧化硅粉体。
抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料0.5份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括树脂类材料；树脂类材料为酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、呋喃树脂中的任意一种。
步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴。
步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆。
将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。
步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干。
步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒。
步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
本实施例还提供了通过该方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
实施例2
一种石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
优选地，在化学纤维的原材料切片的制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的聚酯切片，再通过熔融纺丝法，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯涤纶纤维。
步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线。
步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料。
功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为20：80。
乳胶采用氯丁乳胶。
阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料6份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比2：4：5组成。
抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料12份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比3：5：8组成。
抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料0.8份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括无机类抗热材料；无机类抗热材料为碳化硅粉体、碳化铝粉体。
抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料0.6份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括树脂类材料；树脂类材料为聚氨基甲酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、过氯乙烯树脂中的任意多种。
步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴。
步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆。
将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。
步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干。
步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒。
步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
本实施例还提供了通过该方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
实施例3
一种石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
优选地，在化学纤维的原材料的粉料制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的超高分子量聚乙烯切片，再通过搅拌拉伸法，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯高模高强聚乙烯纤维。
步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线。
步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料。
功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为25：75。
乳胶采用天然乳胶。
阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料8份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比3：5：6组成。
抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料13份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比5：8：12组成。
抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料1.2份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括有机纤维粉体材料，有机纤维粉体材料为芳纶粉体或聚酰亚胺粉体。
抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料0.7份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括橡胶类材料，橡胶类材料为丁腈橡胶或氯丁橡胶。
步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴。
步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆。
将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。
步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干。
步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒。
步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
本实施例还提供了通过该方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
实施例4
一种石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
优选地，在化学纤维的原材料的粉料制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的聚酰胺粉料，再通过熔融纺丝法，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯锦纶纤维。
步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线。
步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料。
功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为30：70。
乳胶采用丙烯酸乳胶、丁腈乳胶。
阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料9份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比4：7：8组成。
抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料14份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比8：12：15组成。
抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料1.6份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括有机纤维粉体材料，有机纤维粉体材料为PBO粉体、PBI粉体。
抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料0.8份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括橡胶类材料，橡胶类材料为丁基橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、氟橡胶中的任意多种。
步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴。
步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆。
将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。
步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干。
步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒。
步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
本实施例还提供了通过该方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
实施例5
一种石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
优选地，在化学纤维的原材料的粉料制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的聚酯粉料，再通过熔融纺丝法，制备石墨烯功能纤维。
所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯涤纶纤维。
步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线。
步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料。
功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为35：65。
乳胶采用聚氯乙烯乳胶。
阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料10份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比5：8：10组成。
抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料15份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比10：15：21组成。
抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料2份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括以有机硅为载体的耐高温材料。
抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料1份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括有机乳液材料；有机乳液材料为含氟乳液。
步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴。
步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆。
将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。
步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干。
步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒。
步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
本实施例还提供了通过该方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
针对本发明各实施例制备的石墨烯多功能纱线进行测试，结果可得该纱线的阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学等性能均可以达到较高等级。
本发明提供的石墨烯多功能纱线及其制备方法，采用一种新式的制备工艺，在纺丝原料中加入石墨烯，使纺丝后的石墨烯在纤维里更均匀。同时，所生产的多功能石墨烯纱线，功能更多，且成本较低，具有明显的工艺技术创新性。该制备方法简单成熟、成本低，制备的纱线具有阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学等功能，还具有抗菌、远红外发热、抗紫外等功能，克服了目前市场上的石墨烯纱线，一般只有单一功能或两种功能的缺陷。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后，对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此，本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的方法包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯功能纤维；
步骤2，将步骤1所得的石墨烯功能纤维制成石墨烯功能纱线；
步骤3，配制若干种功能性浆料；
步骤4，将步骤2所得的石墨烯功能纱线放置在纱线涂覆设备的纱架上，并将若干个纱筒制成经轴；
步骤5，将纱线通过经轴，输送进入依次装有不同功能性浆料的若干浆槽，进行浸渍涂覆；
步骤6，将浸渍涂覆好的纱线，送入烘箱烘干；
步骤7，将烘干的纱线收入卷筒纱架上，进行制筒；
步骤8，通过包装，制成石墨烯多功能纱线成品，待用。
2.如权利要求1所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤1，是在化学纤维的原材料切片或粉料的制备过程中添加石墨烯材料，得到石墨烯复合的聚酰胺、聚酯、超高分子量聚乙烯中的任意一种切片或粉料，再通过熔融纺丝或搅拌拉伸法，制备石墨烯功能纤维；所得的石墨烯功能纤维为石墨烯锦纶纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯高模高强聚乙烯纤维中的任意一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤3中，功能性浆料包括阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能涂料，是分别采用阻燃、抗热、抗切割、抗化学的功能材料，加入乳胶中混合均匀制备的；各功能材料的总量与乳胶总量的重量比为(15：85)～(35：65)。
4.如权利要求3所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的功能性浆料中，乳胶采用水性聚氨酯乳胶、氯丁乳胶、天然乳胶、丙烯酸乳胶、丁腈乳胶、聚氯乙烯乳胶中的任意一种或多种。
5.如权利要求3所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的功能性浆料中，阻燃涂料是按重量份数计采用阻燃的功能材料5-10份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；阻燃的功能材料由氢氧化铝、磷酸铵、含卤有机化合物按重量比(1-5)：(2-8)：(1-10)组成。
6.如权利要求3所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的功能性浆料中，抗切割涂料是按重量份数计采用抗切割的功能材料10-15份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗切割的功能材料由氧化铝粉、玻璃纤维粉、碳纤维粉按重量比(1-10)：(1-15)：(2-21)组成。
7.如权利要求3所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的功能性浆料中，抗热涂料是按重量份数计采用抗热的功能材料0.5-2份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗热的功能材料包括无机类抗热材料、有机纤维粉体材料、以有机硅为载体的耐高温材料；无机类抗热材料为气凝胶粉体、二氧化硅粉体、碳化硅粉体、碳化铝粉体中的任意一种或多种，有机纤维粉体材料为芳纶粉体、聚酰亚胺粉体、PBO粉体、PBI粉体中的任意一种或多种。
8.如权利要求3所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的功能性浆料中，抗化学涂料是按重量份数计采用抗化学的功能材料0.5-1份，加入乳胶中混合均匀所得的；抗化学的功能材料包括树脂类材料、橡胶类材料、有机乳液材料；树脂类材料为酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、呋喃树脂、聚氨基甲酸树脂、聚氨酯树脂、过氯乙烯树脂中的任意一种或多种，橡胶类材料为丁腈橡胶、氯丁橡胶、丁基橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、氟橡胶中的任意一种或多种，有机乳液材料为含氟乳液。
9.如权利要求1所述的石墨烯多功能纱线的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤5中，将纱线进行浸渍涂覆时，按顺序设置多个浆槽，在每个浆槽中分别装入一种涂料，依次完成各功能性浆料的浸渍涂覆。
10.一种通过如权利要求1～9中任意一项所述的方法制备的石墨烯多功能纱线。
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