CN115428798B - Seed treatment agent, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Seed treatment agent, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115428798B CN115428798B CN202211045981.2A CN202211045981A CN115428798B CN 115428798 B CN115428798 B CN 115428798B CN 202211045981 A CN202211045981 A CN 202211045981A CN 115428798 B CN115428798 B CN 115428798B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
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Abstract
The application discloses a seed treating agent, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the seed treating agent is a thioglycoside solution with the concentration of 100mg/L-1000mg/L, and is suitable for improving the emergence rate of rape under the conditions of low temperature and low temperature, promoting the root system development of seedlings and enhancing the vigor of the seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of seed pretreatment, in particular to a seed treating agent, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The rape seed contains abundant unsaturated fatty acid, is an important source of vegetable oil, and the improvement of the yield of rape is a technical problem which needs to be overcome by related technicians for a long time, and is characterized in that in China, the traditional seedling transplanting technology is gradually replaced by mechanical direct seeding, the rape seed is smaller, the mechanical direct seeding is difficult to realize seedling alignment and seedling strengthening, and the main planting mode of 80% of rape production areas in Yangtze river basin is rice oil rotation, comprising rice-oil triple-ripening and rice-oil double-ripening, the contradiction between the crops in the mode is prominent, the rape sowing period is continuously delayed, particularly, the low temperature is only 13.05 ℃ in late sowing season (10 and 11 months), in addition, the low temperature cold injury is a common weather disaster in the middle and downstream areas of Yangtze river, even the rape in the normal sowing period is easy to suffer from low temperature stress, the emergence of seedlings is uneven, and the seedlings are slow to realize one-sowing full and strong seedlings are difficult to realize.
In order to overcome the technical problems, the related technical personnel can pretreat rape seeds, and the seed treatment means that physical, chemical, biological treatment and other measures are adopted on the seeds before sowing so as to break the dormancy of the seeds, promote germination, improve the vigor of the seeds and the germination capacity under adverse circumstances, and simultaneously prevent and treat plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage and increase the nutrition of the seedlings, thereby promoting the growth and development of crops and improving the yield; common pretreatment modes include: physical methods (magnetic fields, ultrasound, radiation, microwaves, etc.), chemical methods (inorganic chemical agents, plant growth regulating substances), biological methods, seed priming and seed coating techniques (seed pelleting and seed coating), etc. The most widely used chemical method at home and abroad is mainly to treat seeds by using pesticides, bactericides, plant growth regulators, inorganic chemical reagents and the like: bactericides and pesticides are mostly used as seed dressing and coating, and inorganic chemical agents and plant growth regulators are mainly used as seed soaking treatments.
The seed treating agent has the advantages that different kinds of chemical agents are used as seed treating agents, the effective action ranges are different, the side effects are different, the selection range of the seed treating agent is widened, the seed treating agent is simple in component and effective, the seed treating agent is particularly important for promoting germination and seedling growth and development of rape seeds, and the problems of slow seedling emergence, irregular seedling emergence and weak seedling caused by low air temperature during germination and seedling emergence of the seeds under the condition of environmental influence, particularly late sowing, are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application provides a seed treating agent, a preparation method and application thereof, which are suitable for improving the emergence rate of rape under the conditions of low temperature and low temperature, promoting the root system development of seedlings and enhancing the vigor of the seedlings.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a seed treatment which is a solution of a thioglycoside at a concentration of from 100mg/L to 1000 mg/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the sulfadiazine solution is 200mg/L to 400mg/L.
Preferably, the thioglycoside is glucoraphanin.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a seed treatment agent, wherein a mixture of thioglycoside and water is subjected to ultrasonic crushing under ice bath condition to obtain the seed treatment agent.
Preferably, the power of ultrasonic crushing is 250W, and the crushing time is 10-15min.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a seed treatment method comprising the steps of: after the seeds are disinfected, the seeds are soaked in a seed treating agent for shading seed soaking treatment, and the seeds are sown after being cleaned and dried in the air, wherein the dosage ratio of the seeds to the seed treating agent is 1g to 10ml.
Preferably, the seed is a canola seed.
Preferably, the canola seed is a late-sown canola seed.
Preferably, the seed soaking treatment is carried out in a shaking table with the rotating speed of 120-150rpm for 10-12 hours.
In a fourth aspect, the application provides an application of a seed treatment agent in improving the emergence rate of rape seeds and the vigor of seedlings thereof.
Preferably, the application provides application of a seed treatment agent in improving the emergence rate of rape seeds and the seedling vigor thereof under the condition of the environmental temperature of 10-20 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: the seed treatment agent provided by the application is a certain concentration of thioglycoside, can obviously improve the rape emergence rate, seedling root length, root dry weight and seedling vitality index under the low-temperature condition, solves the problems of slow emergence, irregular emergence, weak seedling, low seedling rate, individual difference of seedlings and slow growth and development caused by low air temperature during seed germination and emergence under the environment influence, especially the late sowing condition, and has great significance in stabilizing and developing the planting area of winter rape in Yangtze river basin, promoting the development and utilization of winter fallow fields, and has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, low investment and high benefit.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In order to improve the emergence rate of rape under the conditions of low temperature and low temperature, promote the root system development of seedlings and enhance the activity of the seedlings, the application provides a seed treating agent which is a thioglycoside solution with the concentration of 100mg/L-1000 mg/L; preferably, the concentration of the thioglycoside solution is 200mg/L-400mg/L; more preferably, the concentration of the thioglycoside solution is 200mg/L, the thioglycoside is glucoraphanin, the CAS number is 21414-41-5, and the thioglycoside solution is suspension.
The seed treatment agent is convenient to use, solves the problem of difficulty in aligning and strengthening rape seedlings, and particularly solves the problems of low rape emergence rate, slow growth and development of seedlings and poor seedling quality under late sowing conditions or low temperature conditions, thereby laying a foundation for normal rape sowing, aligning and strengthening seedling and increasing yield and late sowing, stress resistance and stable yield of rape.
The application provides a preparation method of a seed treatment agent, which comprises the following steps: crushing the aqueous solution of the sulfatide by using an ultrasonic crusher under ice bath condition to obtain a sulfatide suspension serving as a seed treating agent, wherein the crushing power of the ultrasonic crusher is 250W, and the crushing time is 10-15min.
The seed treatment method using the seed treatment agent comprises the following steps: soaking seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with the weight percent of 1 percent for 15min, taking out, soaking the seeds according to the weight (g) of the seeds and the volume (mL) of the seed soaking liquid of 1:10, and placing the seeds in a shaking table at room temperature for shading and soaking the seeds for 10h, wherein the rotating speed of the shaking table is 120rpm. Then taking out the soaked seeds, flushing the seeds with distilled water for three times, airing the seeds in a room, and immediately sowing the seeds;
in the scheme, the seeds are rape seeds, such as double 11 (seed selection of oil crop institute of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences), and Earth 199 (seed selection of oil crop institute of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences, new industry Limited of oil science and technology in Wuhan, and desired seed selection of oil industry Limited in Wuhan).
In addition, the application provides application of the seed treatment agent in improving the emergence rate and the seedling vigor of rape seeds, and preferably, the application provides application of the seed treatment agent in improving the emergence rate and the seedling vigor of rape seeds under the condition of the environmental temperature of 10-20 ℃.
As shown herein, low temperature refers to an ambient temperature of 10 ℃ to 20 ℃; the normal temperature means that the ambient temperature is 20-25 ℃.
The following is a description of specific examples.
Example 1
Germination box test of middle double 11
The experiment is carried out in an intelligent illumination incubator (GDN-300B-4), and the experimental material is double No. 11 rape variety (oil crop research institute of China academy of agricultural sciences). Selecting plump and moderate-grain rape seeds, sterilizing the seeds for 15min by using sodium hypochlorite of 1wt%, and naturally airing the seeds indoors for later use.
Weighing thioglycoside according to preset concentration (100 mg/L, 200mg/L, 400mg/L, 600mg/L, 800mg/L, 1000 mg/L), placing into 50mL centrifuge tube, adding H 2 O, crushing for 10min by using an ultrasonic crusher 250W, wherein a centrifuge tube is required to be placed in a beaker containing ice cubes due to a large amount of heat generated in the crushing process. Weighing the same weight of each group of sterilized seeds, placing the seeds in a 50mL conical flask with uniform specification, soaking the seeds with the weight (g) of the seeds and the volume (mL) of a seed soaking liquid of 1:10, placing the seeds in a shaking table at room temperature for shading and soaking the seeds for 10 hours, and rotating the shaking table at 120rpm. And then taking out the soaked seeds, flushing the seeds with distilled water for three times, and airing the seeds in a room.
Adding 10mL distilled water into a germination box (12 cm x 6 cm), paving three layers of germination paper, and orderly placing 100 seeds in 10 x 10; the germination boxes were then placed in an incubator for germination, with diurnal/noctilucent lighting set at 13000/0 lx, temperature set at normal temperature (control) 25 ℃/20 ℃ (16 h/8 h), low temperature 15 ℃/10 ℃ (16 h/8 h), and 3 replicates per treatment. H2O1mL is added every day, and the inside of the germination box is kept moist. Counting the number of sprouting and emergence every day, taking the length of the sprouts as a sprouting standard, taking the standing young stems, flattening the cotyledons and changing the leaf color from bright yellow to light green as a emergence standard. Continuously investigating for 7d after sowing in normal temperature control group, continuously investigating for 14d after sowing in low temperature group, sampling and measuring root length and stem length, and drying in oven at 85 deg.C for 48 hr to obtain dry weight. And counting and calculating germination rate, emergence rate, average germination time, average emergence time, seedling vitality index and the like.
Germination rate = number of germinated seeds/total number of test seeds x 100%;
emergence rate = number of normal seedlings/total number of test seeds x 100%;
average germination time = Σ (gt×dt)/(Gt, (Gt means the number of seeds germinated on day t, dt means the number of days after sowing);
average emergence time = Σ (st×dt)/Σst, (St refers to the number of seeds that emerge on day t, dt refers to the number of days after sowing);
dry stem weight = dry aerial parts;
dry root weight = dry weight of underground part;
total dry weight = dry aerial part + dry underground part;
stem length = length of root neck to seedling top growth point;
root length = root neck to root crown length;
total length = root length + stem length;
seedling vigor index = germination rate x total length.
Control group (CK): soaking the seeds in clear water under the same conditions as those of the experimental group.
The influence of the seed soaking treatment with thioglycoside on the germination characteristics and seedling morphology of rape seeds at normal temperature and low temperature was studied by the above test procedure, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of seed soaking treatment with thioglycoside on germination characteristics and seedling morphology of canola seeds at normal and low temperatures (Zhongshuang No. 11)
As shown in Table 1, under normal temperature, the treatment of 100mg/L, 200mg/L, 400mg/L and 600mg/L of thioglycoside can obviously improve the emergence rate of rape, and the emergence rate is respectively increased by 21.03%, 17.76%, 15.42% and 19.16% compared with the control, wherein the average germination time of 400mg/L is prolonged by 10.23% compared with the control; the root length of seedlings can be obviously increased by the treatment of the thioglycoside with each concentration, wherein 200mg/L, 400mg/L and 1000mg/L are respectively increased by 27.17%, 25.54% and 21.74% compared with the control; the root dry weight of seedlings can be obviously increased by the treatment of the other thioglycoside except 100mg/L, wherein 200mg/L and 400mg/L are respectively increased by 20.00 percent and 16.61 percent compared with the control; the seedling dry weight and the total dry weight of the seedlings can be obviously increased by the treatment of the thioglycoside with each concentration; the vitality index of seedlings treated by the thioglycoside at each concentration is obviously different from that of the control, wherein 200mg/L, 400mg/L and 1000mg/L are respectively increased by 22.94%, 23.39% and 21.10% compared with the control. The average emergence time, germination rate and seedling length have no obvious difference from the control.
Under the low temperature condition, the seedling emergence rate of the rape can be obviously improved by the treatment of the sulfan with each concentration, wherein 200mg/L, 400mg/L and 600mg/L are respectively increased by 13.79 percent, 13.36 percent and 12.93 percent compared with the contrast; 200mg/L and 400mg/L of sulfan treatment can obviously improve the germination rate of the rape, and the germination rate is respectively increased by 6.59 percent and 5.49 percent compared with the control; the root length of seedlings can be obviously increased by the treatment of the sulfadiazine with the concentration except 100mg/L, wherein, the root length of the seedlings is increased by 19.75 percent, 22.29 percent, 25.48 percent and 22.93 percent respectively by 200mg/L, 400mg/L, 600mg/L and 1000mg/L compared with the control; 200mg/L and 400mg/L of thioglycoside treatment can obviously increase seedling root dry weight, and the dry weight is increased by 21.65 percent and 20.18 percent respectively compared with the control; the vitality index of seedlings treated by the thioglycoside at each concentration is obviously different from that of controls, wherein 200mg/L, 400mg/L, 600mg/L, 800mg/L and 1000mg/L are respectively increased by 22.09%, 25.00%, 26.74%, 20.93% and 23.84% compared with the controls. The average germination time, the average emergence time, the seedling length, the seedling dry weight and the total dry weight are all not significantly different from the control.
In conclusion, 200mg/L and 400mg/L of the thioglycoside treatment can increase the emergence rate, root length, root dry weight and seedling vitality index of the medium double No. 11 under the conditions of normal temperature and low temperature, and the comprehensive performance is optimal.
Example 2
Potted plant test of Zhongshuang No. 11
The experiment is carried out in an intelligent illumination incubator (GDN-300B-4), and the experimental material is double No. 11 in rape varieties. Selecting plump and moderate-grain rape seeds, sterilizing the seeds for 15min by using sodium hypochlorite of 1wt%, and naturally airing the seeds indoors for later use.
Seed soaking solutions were prepared according to example 1 to obtain optimal usable concentrations of 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L, and the treatment method was the same as in example 1. Weighing the same weight of each group of sterilized seeds, placing the seeds in a 50mL conical flask with uniform specification, soaking the seeds with the weight (g) of the seeds and the volume (mL) of a seed soaking liquid of 1:10, placing the seeds in a shaking table at room temperature for shading and soaking the seeds for 10h, and setting the rotation speed of the shaking table to 120rpm. And then taking out the soaked seeds, flushing the seeds with distilled water for three times, and airing the seeds in a room.
150g of soil (the volume ratio of common soil to nutrient soil is about 1:3) is filled into germination boxes (12 cm x 6 cm), 100mL H2O is added for soaking, 25 seeds are orderly placed in each box by 5*5, soil is spread on the boxes until the seeds are completely covered, and water is sprayed uniformly for wetting. The seedling emergence rate is counted every day, and the seedling emergence standard is that young stems are upright, cotyledons are flat, and the leaf color is changed from bright yellow to light green. Continuously investigating for 7d after sowing in normal temperature control group, continuously investigating for 14d after sowing in low temperature group, sampling and measuring root length and stem length, and drying in oven at 85 deg.C for 48 hr to obtain dry weight. And counting and calculating the emergence rate and the average emergence time.
By the above steps, the effect of the seed soaking treatment with sulfan on the emergence characteristics and seedling morphology of potted rape seeds at normal temperature and low temperature was studied, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of seed soaking treatment with thioglycoside on seedling emergence characteristics and seedling morphology of potted rape seeds at normal and low temperatures
(Zhongshuang No. 11)
As shown in Table 2, 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of the sulfan treatment at normal temperature can obviously improve the emergence rate of the rape, and the emergence rate is respectively increased by 12.88%, 12.88% and 12.12% compared with the control; the treatments of 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L can obviously increase the root length of the seedlings by 10.05 percent, 8.61 percent and 15.82 percent respectively compared with the control, and simultaneously the root dry weight of the seedlings by 15.90 percent, 21.41 percent and 18.35 percent respectively compared with the control. Average emergence time, shoot length, shoot dry weight and total dry weight were not significantly different from the control.
200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of sulfan treatment can obviously improve the emergence rate of rape, and the emergence rate is respectively increased by 16.41 percent, 16.41 percent and 15.63 percent compared with the control; the root length of seedlings treated by 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of thioglycoside is obviously different from that of a control, and the root length of the seedlings is respectively increased by 14.45%, 14.21% and 21.87% compared with the control, and the dry weight of the seedlings is also obviously increased, and is respectively increased by 18.55%, 15.41% and 19.50% compared with the control; the 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of thioglycoside treatment can obviously increase the seedling dry weight and the total dry weight of the seedlings, wherein the seedling dry weight is respectively increased by 22.07 percent, 20.70 percent and 24.54 percent compared with the control, and the total dry weight is respectively increased by 21.72 percent, 20.21 percent and 24.07 percent compared with the control. The average emergence time and the seedling length have no obvious difference from the control.
In conclusion, 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of thioglycoside treatment can obviously increase the emergence rate, root length and root dry weight of the medium double 11 numbers under the conditions of normal temperature and low temperature, and is consistent with the experimental conclusion of the germination box.
Example 3
Potting test of Earth 199
The experiment was performed in an intelligent illumination incubator (GDN-300B-4), the experimental material was rape seed soil 199 (oil crop institute of China academy of agricultural science, new oil science and technology industry Co., gmbH, oil industry Co., gmbH), and the experimental setup was consistent with example 2.
By the above steps, the effect of the seed soaking treatment with sulfan on the emergence characteristics and seedling morphology of potted rape seeds at normal temperature and low temperature was studied, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of seed soaking treatment with thioglycoside on seedling emergence characteristics and seedling morphology of potted rape seeds at normal and low temperatures
(Earth 199)
As shown in Table 3, under normal temperature conditions, the emergence rates of 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of the thioglycoside treatment are obviously different from those of the control, and are respectively increased by 3.45%, 3.45% and 2.76% compared with the control; 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L can obviously increase the root length and the root dry weight of seedlings, the root length is respectively increased by 19.78%, 18.84% and 14.00% compared with the control, and the root dry weight is respectively increased by 33.91%, 25.57% and 20.40% compared with the control. The average emergence time, seedling length, seedling dry weight and total dry weight have no significant difference.
The emergence rates of 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of thioglycoside treatment at low temperature are obviously different from those of a control, and are respectively increased by 13.74%, 12.21% and 11.45%, wherein the average emergence time of 200mg/L is obviously shortened by 16.86% compared with that of the control; the root length and the root dry weight of the seedlings are obviously different from those of the control, the root length is respectively increased by 22.29 percent, 15.07 percent and 16.90 percent compared with the control, and the root dry weight is respectively increased by 9.23 percent, 7.94 percent and 12.31 percent compared with the control. Seedling length, seedling dry weight and total dry weight were not significantly different from the control.
In conclusion, 200mg/L, 300mg/L and 400mg/L of thioglycoside treatment can increase the emergence rate, root length and root dry weight of the radix rehmanniae 199 under the conditions of normal temperature and low temperature, and is consistent with the conclusions of the double-11 germination box experiment and the potting experiment.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. A seed treatment method using a seed treatment agent, comprising the steps of: after the seeds are disinfected, the seeds are immersed in the seed treatment agent for shading seed immersing treatment, and are sown after being cleaned and dried, wherein the dosage ratio of the seeds to the seed treatment agent is 1g to 10ml; the seed treatment agent is a glucoraphanin solution with the concentration of 200mg/L-400mg/L; the preparation method of the seed treating agent comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic crushing on a mixture of glucoraphanin and water under the ice bath condition to obtain the seed treating agent; the ultrasonic crushing power is 250W, the crushing time is 10-15min, and the seeds are rape seeds.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the canola seed is a late-sown canola seed.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seed soaking treatment is performed in a shaker at a rotation speed of 120 to 150rpm for 10 to 12 hours.
4. Use of a seed treatment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 for increasing the emergence rate of rape seeds and their seedling vigor.
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| CN109527299A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of synchronic preparation method of the blue and white vegetable juice for being effectively retained glucorphanin and blue and white vegetable powder |
| CN111317751A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 大汉酵素生物科技股份有限公司 | Anticancer composition containing thioglycoside compound and application thereof |
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| CN111317751A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 大汉酵素生物科技股份有限公司 | Anticancer composition containing thioglycoside compound and application thereof |
| CN109527299A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-29 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of synchronic preparation method of the blue and white vegetable juice for being effectively retained glucorphanin and blue and white vegetable powder |
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| 西兰花籽中萝卜硫苷提取分离工艺研究;石林娟;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑(月刊)》;3 * |
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