CN115349446B - 一种利用山乌龟愈伤组织生产千金藤素的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用山乌龟愈伤组织生产千金藤素的方法 Download PDF

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CN115349446B
CN115349446B CN202211276515.5A CN202211276515A CN115349446B CN 115349446 B CN115349446 B CN 115349446B CN 202211276515 A CN202211276515 A CN 202211276515A CN 115349446 B CN115349446 B CN 115349446B
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cepharanthine
callus
proliferation
accumulation
stephania
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许宗亮
起明菊
杨天梅
张金渝
曾祥飞
赵露琴
李纪潮
朱新焰
王丽
左应梅
杨维泽
杨美权
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Yunnan Plant Insect Medicine Biotechnology Co ltd
Institute of Medicinal Plants Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Medicinal Plants Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

本发明涉及千金藤素生产技术领域,具体涉及一种利用山乌龟愈伤组织生产千金藤素的方法,具体包括以下步骤,选取千金藤素含量高于0.5%的山乌龟植株地上茎段作为外植体,外植体清洁与消毒,愈伤组织诱导培养,将愈伤组织转移至增值及千金藤素积累培养基中,所述增值及千金藤素积累培养基为改良MS+2,4‑D0.2~0.5mg/L+MET 1.0~1.2mg/L+MeJA 10.0~12.0μmol/L+Ala 15~20mg/L+山乌龟块根酶解液5~10ml/L,所述改良MS元素成分不变,糖添加量调整为50~55g/L,pH调整为6.2,增值及千金藤素积累培养后,取出愈伤组织,然后进行干燥、提取获得千金藤素,通过本发明的技术方案,极大的缩短了千金藤素的生物积累周期,可一方面可利于保护山乌龟野生药材的采挖,另一方面有利于在短时间内解决千金藤素的需求。

Description

一种利用山乌龟愈伤组织生产千金藤素的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及千金藤素生产技术领域,具体涉及一种利用山乌龟愈伤组织生产千金藤素的方法。
背景技术
山乌龟,泛指防己科千金藤属(Stephania)所有多年生草质藤本植物,以地下块根入药,其内含罗痛定,盐酸异紫堇定,千金藤素,防己碱等40余种生物碱类,其中罗痛定为甲类非处方药罗通定片的主要成分,而千金藤素是千金藤素片的主要成分,有清热凉血的功效,主要用于肿瘤病人因放化疗引起的白细胞减少症。而主要含千金藤素的山乌龟普遍存在有效成分含量低,单株生物量小,其他近似生物碱种类繁多引起分离高纯度千金藤素难度大等问题,且山乌龟栽培和种植耗时长,从而无法满足市场对千金藤素的需求。
发明内容
针对千金藤素现有产业技术的不足,特发明了一种利用高含量山乌龟植株,诱导愈伤组织,并沟通过愈伤组织的增殖培养时,同步进行千金藤素的积累,最终获可用于提取千金藤素的愈伤组织。
为实现以上目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种利用山乌龟愈伤组织生产千金藤素的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:选取千金藤素含量高的山乌龟品种的地上茎段作为外植体;
S2:外植体清洁与消毒;
S3:愈伤组织诱导培养;
S4:将愈伤组织转移至增殖及千金藤素积累培养基中,所述增殖及千金藤素积累培养基为改良MS+2,4-D0.2~0.5mg/L+MET(多效唑) 1.0~1.2mg/L+MeJA(茉莉酸甲酯)10.0~12.0μmol/L+Ala(丙氨酸)15~20mg/L+山乌龟块根酶解液5~10ml/L,所述改良MS元素成分不变,糖添加量调整为50~55g/L,pH调整为6.2;
S5:增殖及千金藤素积累培养后,取出愈伤组织,然后进行干燥、提取获得千金藤素。
进一步的,所述步骤S2中,外植体消毒方法为:用75%酒精消毒15~20s后用无菌水涮洗3~4次,再用0.1%升汞溶液消毒6~7min后用无菌水涮洗6~7次,优选的,诱导培养条件为:温度25±2℃,每日照光10h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境培养。
进一步的,所述步骤S3中,愈伤组织诱导培养基为:MS+2,4-D 0.5~0.8mg/L+6-BA0.5~0.8mg/L+CPPU 0.02~0.04mg/L。
进一步的,步骤S4中,增殖及千金藤素积累培养方法为:在温度25±2℃,每日照光12h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境下培养15天至愈伤明显变大后,增加光强至4000~5000lx,并调整每日光照14h,照光时温度为28±2℃,后进行暗培养,温度降为18~20℃,并在此环境下培养40天。
进一步的,步骤S4中,山乌龟块根酶解液的制备方法为:取10g山乌龟新鲜块根,切碎后加入1L水,并加入50mg果胶酶,pH调到3.0,用超声机在45±2℃下超声30min,过滤获得的澄清液。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1、本发明通过改变糖含量,改变pH,同时在培养基中添加一定浓度的MET、MeJA、Ala、山乌龟块根酶解液,并通过采用高温增殖,低温刺激代谢产物的方法,获得千金藤素最高可达0.1%含量的愈伤组织。
2、人工种植千金藤素含量高的山乌龟品种至少需要三年才能获得可用于千金藤素提取的山乌龟药材,而本发明生产周期仅为45天左右,极大的缩短了千金藤素的生物积累周期,可一方面可利于保护山乌龟野生药材的采挖,另一方面有利于在短时间内解决千金藤素的需求。
3、在高含量的山乌龟药材中,除了含有千金藤素外,还含有如罗通定、盐酸异紫堇定、防己碱等生物碱,很多生物碱的极性与千金藤素相差无几,使得在千金藤素的提纯时难度极大的提高,最终成本亦随之增加,而本发明生产含千金藤素愈伤的方法,可有效抑制极性相近生物碱的积累。
附图说明
图1山乌龟愈伤组织增殖效果图;
图2干燥后的山乌龟愈伤组织显示图;
图3:实施例和对比例综合对比检测下的薄层板分析图;
图4:实施例对比检测下的薄层板分析图;
图5:对比例对比检测下的薄层板分析图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述应用实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。文中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
实施例1
1、原材料的获得:筛选山乌龟植株,通过取植株茎部检测,测得该植株千金藤素含量为0.5103%,移栽于室内。
2、外植体的选择与清洁:待发出藤茎后,取顶端幼嫩藤茎,去叶后剪成3~4cm具芽小段作为外植体,用饱和肥皂液涮洗10~20min,后用自来水洗净表面肥皂液,再加适量水后滴2~3滴吐温-80,震摇15min,再用自来水冲淋40~50min。
3、外植体的消毒:洗净的外植体转移至超净工作台,用75%酒精消毒15~20s后用无菌水涮洗3~4次,再用0.1%升汞溶液消毒6~7min后用无菌水涮洗6~7次。
4、愈伤诱导:将消毒完成的山乌龟外植体,剪去两端伤口成2~3cm具芽小段,平铺于MS+2,4-D 0.5mg/L+6-BA 0.5mg/L+CPPU 0.02mg/L,在温度25±2℃,每日照光10h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境下培养40天。
5、愈伤增殖与千金藤素积累(图1):将诱导出的愈伤,切成约1cm2左右小块,接种于改良MS+2,4-D 0.5mg/L+MET(多效唑) 1.0mg/L+MeJA(茉莉酸甲酯)10.0μmol/L+Ala(丙氨酸)15mg/L+灭活的山乌龟块根酶解液7ml/L的增殖与千金藤素积累培养基中,在温度25±2℃,每日照光12h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境下培养15天至愈伤明显变大后,增加光强至4000~5000lx,并调整每日光照14h,照光时温度为28±2℃,后进行暗培养,温度降为18~20℃,并在此环境下培养40天,该步骤中,改良MS为元素成分不变,糖添加量调整为50g/L,pH调整为6.2。
6、上述的山乌龟块根酶解液为现配现用,制备方法为取20g任何品种山乌龟新鲜块根,切碎后加入1L水,并加入50mg果胶酶,pH调到3.0,用超声机在45±2℃下超声30min,过滤获得的澄清液。
7、千金藤素的检测:取经增殖与千金藤素积累培养的愈伤组织5g,在50℃恒温下烘干后(图2)加入乙醇(色谱纯)溶液100ml,在常温下超声30min,以乙腈-水(52:48)为流动相,十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,在282nm波长的下检测,以1.0mg千金藤素标准品溶于50ml甲醇制成的对照品溶液为对照检测含量。同时用薄层板进行定性检测,薄层板分析方法:以千金藤素标准品配制的对照液为对照,以正己烷和丙酮(1:1)作为展开剂,以硅胶板为层析板,层析后用碘化铋钾试液(配制参照《药典》2020版)显色即得。
实施例2
其他步骤同实施1一致,区别在于:
愈伤诱导:将消毒完成的山乌龟外植体,剪去两端伤口成2~3cm具芽小段,平铺于MS+2,4-D 0.8mg/L+6-BA 0.8mg/L+CPPU 0.04mg/L。
愈伤增殖与千金藤素积累:将诱导出的愈伤,切成约1cm2左右小块,接种于改良MS+2,4-D 0.2mg/L+MET(多效唑)1.2mg/L+MeJA(茉莉酸甲酯)12.0μmol/L+Ala(丙氨酸)20mg/L+山乌龟块根酶解液10ml/L的增殖与千金藤素积累培养基中,改良MS为元素成分不变,糖添加量调整为55g/L,pH调整为6.2。
对比例1
参照实施例1,但将步骤5中的愈伤增殖与千金藤素积累培养基中的MET(多效唑)添加量改为0。
对比例2
参照实施例1,但将步骤5中的愈伤增殖与千金藤素积累培养基中的MeJA(茉莉酸甲酯)添加量改为0。
对比例3
参照实施例1,但将步骤5中的愈伤增殖与千金藤素积累培养基中的Ala(丙氨酸)添加量改为0。
对比例4
参照实施例1,但将步骤5中的愈伤增殖与千金藤素积累培养基中的山乌龟块根酶解液添加量改为0。
对比例5
参照实施例1,但将步骤5中培养环境改为温度25±2℃,每日照光12h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境下培养45天。
对比例6
参照实施例1,但将步骤5中的增殖与千金藤素积累培养基改为MS+2,4-D 0.5mg/L+6-BA 0.5mg/L+CPPU 0.02mg/L,培养环境改为温度25±2℃,每日照光12h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境下培养45天。
Figure 728566DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
从表1中可以看出,实施例1和实施例2千金藤素含量较高,而对比例2、对比例4、对比例5和对比例6千金藤素含量微乎其微,虽然对比例1和对比例3千金藤素含量亦相对较高,但其他极性相近生物碱含量亦较高。
图3为通过薄层板检测法结果,其中,薄层板中的点1和点2为对比例4和对比例5,点3为对比例2,点4和点5为对比例6,点26和点27为实施例1,点28为实施例2,点29为对比例1,点30为对比例3。
图4为通过薄层板检测法结果,其中,薄层板中点1和点2为实施例1,点3和点4为实施例2,点2和点3之间为对照,由图4可以看出,本发明实施例获得的物质,几乎不含杂质。
图5为通过薄层板检测法结果,薄层板中点1和点2为对比例1,点3和点4为对比例3,三角符号标注的点为对照,由图5薄层板可以看出,对比例1和对比例3虽然千金藤素含量亦相对较高,但与千金藤素相近极性的其他生物碱含量亦较高。
综上,采用本发明的技术方案可以由愈伤组织获得千金藤素,为千金藤素的生产提供了新的技术方案。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的较佳实施例,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰仍然视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种利用山乌龟愈伤组织生产千金藤素的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:选取千金藤素含量高于0.5%的山乌龟植株地上茎段作为外植体;
S2:外植体清洁与消毒;
S3:愈伤组织诱导培养;
S4:将愈伤组织转移至增殖 及千金藤素积累培养基中,所述增殖 及千金藤素积累培养基为改良MS+2,4-D0.2~0.5mg/L+MET(多效唑) 1.0~1.2mg/L+MeJA(茉莉酸甲酯)10.0~12.0μmol/L+Ala(丙氨酸)15~20mg/L+山乌龟块根酶解液5~10ml/L,所述改良MS元素成分不变,糖添加量调整为50~55g/L,pH调整为6.2;
所述增殖 及千金藤素积累培养方法为:在温度25±2℃,每日照光12h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境下培养15天至愈伤明显变大后,增加光强至4000~5000lx,并调整每日光照14h,照光时温度为28±2℃,后进行暗培养,温度降为18~20℃,并在此环境下培养40天;
所述山乌龟块根酶解液的制备方法为:取10g山乌龟新鲜块根,切碎后加入1L水,并加入50mg果胶酶,pH调到3.0,用超声机在45±2℃下超声30min,过滤获得的澄清液;
S5:增殖 及千金藤素积累培养后,取出愈伤组织,然后进行干燥、提取获得千金藤素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中,外植体消毒方法为:用75%酒精消毒15~20s后用无菌水涮洗3~4次,再用0.1%升汞溶液消毒6~7min后用无菌水涮洗6~7次。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中,愈伤组织诱导培养基为:MS+2,4-D 0.5~0.8mg/L+6-BA 0.5~0.8mg/L+CPPU 0.02~0.04mg/L。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,诱导培养条件为:温度25±2℃,每日照光10h,光强2000~3000lx的光暗交替环境培养。
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