CN115316247A - Plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method - Google Patents
Plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115316247A CN115316247A CN202210958136.8A CN202210958136A CN115316247A CN 115316247 A CN115316247 A CN 115316247A CN 202210958136 A CN202210958136 A CN 202210958136A CN 115316247 A CN115316247 A CN 115316247A
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- seedling
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[6-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzimidazol-1-yl]-3-[1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]thiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=1C(C)OC(=C(S1)C(N)=O)C=C1N(C1=C2)C=NC1=CC=C2CN1CCN(C)CC1 ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012378 ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FIXLYHHVMHXSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-H azane;dihydroxy(dioxo)molybdenum;trioxomolybdenum;tetrahydrate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O.O[Mo](O)(=O)=O FIXLYHHVMHXSCP-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CDUFCUKTJFSWPL-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O CDUFCUKTJFSWPL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UOMQUZPKALKDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UOMQUZPKALKDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 28
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 17
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241000208822 Lactuca Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 206010058314 Dysplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008653 root damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a water culture seedling method for a sponge block in a plant factory, which comprises the following steps of firstly forming a hole at the top of the sponge block, sowing seeds at the hole after soaking the sponge block, then carrying out germination and white exposure and illumination of a plant growth lamp until cotyledons of seedlings are completely unfolded, and adopting nutrient solution circulation management to supply seedling culture nutrient solution. The water culture seedling method has the advantages of short flow, low cost and simple and convenient operation, forms a set of standardized method suitable for water culture seedling of the sponge blocks in plant factories, and the cultivated vegetable seedlings have high germination rate, quick seedling emergence, good quality and better nutritive value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seedling culture methods, in particular to a sponge block water culture seedling culture method in a plant factory.
Background
Soilless seedling culture refers to a method of culturing seedlings by using natural or artificial synthetic matrixes and nutrient solutions such as vermiculite, peat, perlite, rock wool and the like, or by using water culture and fog culture, without using natural soil. The current mature technology in production is a vegetable plug-in factory seedling raising system, and the seedling raising method mainly uses peat, vermiculite, perlite, rice husk and other light substrates as seedling raising substrates. However, for industrial hydroponic vegetables, the root injury phenomenon of matrix seedling still exists during traditional matrix seedling transplantation, and the matrix adopted in seedling is not thoroughly disinfected, so that partial germs and worm eggs are often brought, and the growth and the quality of plants are affected.
The sponge block water culture seedling has the advantages of high survival rate, seed saving, space saving and low cost, and is widely applied in recent years. However, the steps involved are all key factors influencing the production of seedling quality, for example, light as an important factor in the growth and development process of vegetables has different influences on the seedling quality of the vegetables. In a common existing plant factory, most of the vegetable seedlings are cultivated by using fluorescent lamps or white LEDs, and other light qualities are rarely used for seedling cultivation production in public. And as compared with the common industrial plug seedling, a plurality of researches prove that the nutrient solution seedling culture has the advantages of short seedling forming time, high seedling quality, simple and convenient operation, time saving and labor saving. But the seedling raising modes of different nutrient solutions have different functions on the growth process of vegetable seedling raising. If again like the inconsistent seed germination that uses ordinary tray to cause among the sponge water planting seedling raising process, the plant growth vigor is inhomogeneous, the root system dysplasia and easily breed the moss scheduling problem on the sponge piece, and the leading cause that leads to these problems takes place is that the tray structural design who uses among the sponge piece seedling raising process is unreasonable, leads to the sponge piece to absorb water inhomogeneous, and inside aqueous vapor distributes inconsistently, later stage nutrient solution concentration is too high or low use, nutrient solution depth control is not good etc. from the large tracts of land popularization and application that has restricted plant factory sponge piece seedling raising method to a certain extent. Based on the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a standardized method for culturing seedlings of sponge blocks by water culture in a plant factory, and seedlings with both guaranteed quality and yield are cultured in the plant factory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a sponge block water culture seedling method for a plant factory, which has the advantages of short flow, low cost and simple and convenient operation, forms a set of standardized method suitable for water culture seedling of sponge blocks in the plant factory, and obtains vegetable seedlings with high germination rate, quick seedling emergence, good quality and better nutritional value.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sponge block, wherein the sponge block consists of a plurality of cube small blocks, and holes are formed in the top of the sponge block;
(2) Placing the sponge block obtained in the step (1) in clear water to fully soak the sponge block, lifting the sponge block with water by two hands, placing the sponge block into a seedling raising tray, placing seeds subjected to seed soaking treatment into holes at the top of the sponge block by hands or tweezers, and placing 1 hole for 1 particle;
(3) Slowly pouring tap water from the right side of the seedling raising plate by using a beaker, and stopping pouring water when water flows out from the left side of the seedling raising plate;
(4) Covering a film on the seedling raising tray, fastening the periphery of the seedling raising tray, and cutting 4-5 holes with the length of 3-5 cm on the film above the sponge by using a knife;
(5) Setting the daytime environment temperature to be 22-25 ℃, setting the nighttime environment temperature to be 15-18 ℃, setting the environment relative humidity to be 70-75%, after sowing for 24-30 hours, after accelerating germination and whitening, moving the seeds to a seedling raising frame, and turning on a plant growth lamp for illumination;
(6) When the cotyledon of the seedling is completely unfolded, uncovering the film, adding seedling culture nutrient solution from one end of the seedling culture plate, and ensuring that the height of the nutrient solution at the bottom of the seedling culture plate is about 2-3 cm;
(7) Adopting nutrient solution circulation management to raise seedlings for 15-18 days, and when the seedlings are grown to 2 leaves and 1 heart, transplanting the seedlings to a seedling raising frame to make water planting and field planting.
In the invention, the method of cultivating the seedlings by pouring the nutrient solution into the sponge blocks is adopted to cultivate the seedlings by water culture, so that the process of washing roots in substrate seedling cultivation is omitted, the roots are prevented from being damaged, the time and the labor are saved, and the pollution and the harm of diseases and insect pests are avoided. The method has the advantages of short water culture seedling culture step, low cost and simple and convenient operation, forms a set of standardized method suitable for water culture seedling culture of the sponge blocks in a plant factory, and obtains the vegetable seedlings with high germination rate, quick seedling emergence, good quality and better nutritive value.
Furthermore, the shape of the hole is a pit shape, a cross shape or an I shape. The top of the sponge block is provided with holes with different shapes for seedling cultivation, so that the germination rate and the emergence rate of plants are influenced to a certain extent. Preferably, the top of the sponge block is provided with the pit-shaped holes, so that the germination rate and emergence rate of the plants are improved.
Furthermore, the volume weight of the sponge block is 0.01-0.08 g/cm 3 The air-water ratio of the sponge block is 0.3-0.47.
Further, in the step (2), the seed soaking treatment specifically comprises the following steps: soaking the seeds in clear water at 30-40 deg.C for 8-12min, soaking the seeds in 0.1wt% potassium permanganate for 5-8min, washing with clear water, soaking the seeds in clear water at 20-30 deg.C for 4-8h, and washing with clear water to obtain the seeds after seed soaking.
The seed soaking treatment method can improve the germination rate and the vitality of vegetable seeds, is beneficial to the growth of seedling roots, is beneficial to improving the chlorophyll and vitamin C content of vegetables, and promotes the accumulation of nutrient substances under photosynthesis in the vegetable growth process.
Further, be provided with planting district and set up respectively in planting district's the liquid injection district and the observation area at district both ends in educating seedling tray, be equipped with a plurality of runners in the planting district, the runner all communicates with liquid injection district and observation area, the sponge piece is laid on planting the district.
Specifically, the bottom wall of the planting area protrudes upwards to form a plurality of first bulges arranged at intervals, and a flow channel is formed between every two adjacent first bulges. The liquid injection area is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the flow channel, and the observation area is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the flow channel structure. The first bulge is provided with a plurality of gaps along the flowing direction of liquid, and the flow channels are communicated through the gaps.
Through the structure setting of above-mentioned seedling tray, can improve the mobility of the nutrient solution of growing seedlings, local when avoiding adding the nutrient solution of growing seedlings is piled up, and then leads to the nutrient solution to distribute unevenly or the nutrient solution too much causes the condition that root system oxygen is not enough. The seedling raising tray has the advantages that the functions of all the areas are determined through the arrangement of the liquid injection area, the planting area and the observation area, so that the nutrient solution is smoothly and uniformly distributed in the supplying process, and the defects that the germination period of seeds is inconsistent, the growth vigor of the plants is not uniform, the root system is poor in development and moss is bred on sponge blocks are overcome. The distribution condition of nutrient solution in the seedling raising plate can be conveniently checked through the arrangement of the observation area.
Further, the light source of the plant growth lamp is a red-blue-white combined light source, wherein the ratio of R (red LED): b (blue LED): the light-mass ratio of W (white LED) is 6-8: 2:1. the light quality ratio of a plant growth lamp light source is controlled to be R: b: w is 6-8: 2:1, has good promotion effect on the growth of seedlings, the seedling quality and the nutritive value. The high red light content ratio is favorable for the growth of plant root systems, the accumulation of substances and the improvement of yield, but the excessive red light easily causes the excessive growth of seedlings and is not favorable for the strong seedlings and the lodging resistance; the plant height of the plant can be seriously inhibited if the proportion of the blue light content is too high, the proportion content of the LED blue light is properly improved, the vitamin C content and the soluble protein content of the vegetable can be increased, and the nitrate content in the vegetable body is reduced; white light is added on the basis of red and blue light combination, so that the excessive growth of plants can be effectively inhibited, and the resistance, the material accumulation and the seedling quality of the plants are improved.
Further, in the step (5), the illumination time of the plant growth lamp is set to be 8-10 hours per day. Specifically, the illumination time ranges of the plant growth lamp are 5-10 am and 3-8 pm every day respectively. Preferably, the hanging height of the plant growth lamp (the height difference between the plant growth lamp and the seedling raising plate) is 50-55cm.
The invention provides the red, blue and white combined light source with the specific light quality ratio, and sets the daily illumination time and the suspension height of the plant growth lamp, so that a plant growth illumination mode suitable for vegetable seedling culture in plant factories is formed, and the accumulation of nutrient substances of vegetables, the seedling culture quality and the yield can be obviously improved.
Further, the seedling culture nutrient solution comprises the following nutrient components in parts by mass: each liter of water contains 160-360 mg of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 115-130 mg of potassium sulfate, 80-140 mg of ammonium nitrate, 60-100 mg of monopotassium phosphate, 90mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 40mg of disodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 2.80mg of boric acid, 2.15mg of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, 0.25mg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate and 0.02mg of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate.
Further, the conductivity of the seedling culture nutrient solution is 0.7-1.5 mS/cm, and the pH value of the nutrient solution is 6.0-6.5.
The seedling culture nutrient solution disclosed by the invention contains all nutrient elements required by plant growth, wherein the growth speed of seedlings is improved by properly increasing the nitrogen fertilizer dosage, the chelated iron is adopted to avoid the reduction of the effectiveness of iron in the traditional nutrient solution, and the absorption and utilization of the iron by the plants are improved.
Further, in the step (7), the seedling nutrient solution circulation management specifically comprises: the first 5 days from the first addition of the seedling culture nutrient solution is a first stage, the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 0.5 time is adopted for the seedling culture in the first stage and is supplemented once a day, and the seedling culture nutrient solution in the first stage contains 3-7 mmol/L of potassium chloride and calcium chloride mixed solution; taking the 5 th to 8 th days after the first stage as a second stage, supplementing the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.0 time at the frequency of once a day for the seedling culture in the second stage, wherein the seedling culture nutrient solution in the second stage contains 0.5 to 1.1mg/g of humic acid; the third stage is from the end of the second stage to the day before transplanting, and the seedlings are replenished by adopting a seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.5 times in the third stage at the frequency of once a day. Preferably, the solute ratio of potassium chloride to calcium chloride in the mixed solution of potassium chloride and calcium chloride is 1.
In the first stage of the seedling culture nutrient solution circulation management, the mixed solution of potassium chloride and calcium chloride is added into the seedling culture nutrient solution with low concentration, which is beneficial to improving the plant height, fresh weight and leaf area of vegetable seedlings, improving the content of vitamin C in the seedlings and promoting the growth and development and the nutritional quality of the seedlings. Then, humic acid is added into the seedling culture nutrient solution in the second stage, which is beneficial to improving the fresh weight and the vitamin C content of the seedlings and can effectively reduce the accumulation of nitrate in the seedlings. The invention adopts the seedling culture nutrient solution circulation management to supply and culture the nutrient solution for the seedlings, has better promotion effect on the plant height, the stem thickness, the total length of root systems, the fresh weight and the nutritive value of the seedlings, further integrally improves the quality and the yield of the seedlings and can achieve the effects of high yield and high quality.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The invention adopts the method of cultivating seedlings by applying nutrient solution to sponge blocks to cultivate seedlings by water culture, omits the process of washing roots in substrate seedling cultivation, avoids the damage to the roots, saves time and labor, and has no pollution and harm of diseases and insect pests. The germination rate of the seeds obtained by the water culture seedling method can reach more than 99.8 percent, and the average seedling time of the lettuce can be more than 3 days in advance.
(2) According to the invention, the specific seedling culture nutrient solution is prepared to provide nutrient elements required by healthy growth of vegetables, and the corresponding nutrient solution circulation management method is matched according to the nutrient requirements of the vegetables in different growth periods, so that the nutrient utilization rate is improved, the growth and development of the vegetables are promoted, and the quality of the vegetable seedlings is improved.
(3) According to the invention, through the red, blue and white combined light source with a specific light quality ratio and setting the illumination time and the suspension height of the plant growth lamp, a plant growth illumination mode suitable for vegetable seedling raising in a plant factory is formed, and the accumulation of nutrient substances of vegetables, the seedling raising quality and the yield can be obviously improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a seedling raising tray according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a planting area; 2. a liquid injection zone; 3. an observation area; 4-a first protrusion; 5. and (4) notches.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, lettuce is selected as a seedling variety in the following examples. The plant growth lamp used in the invention has the following specific conditions: the power of the red LED, the power of the blue LED and the power of the white LED are all 11.5W, the frequency is 60Hz, the wavelength of the red LED is 660nm, and the wavelength of the blue LED is 525nm.
The seedling raising plate used in the following embodiment is characterized in that a planting area 1, and a liquid injection area 2 and an observation area 3 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the planting area 1 are arranged in the seedling raising plate, a plurality of flow channels are concavely arranged in the planting area 1, the flow channels are communicated with the liquid injection area 2 and the observation area 3, and the sponge block is laid on the planting area 1.
Specifically, the bottom wall of the planting area 1 protrudes upwards to form a plurality of first protrusions 4 arranged at intervals, and a flow channel is formed between every two adjacent first protrusions 4. The liquid injection area 2 is arranged at the liquid inlet end of the flow channel, and the observation area 3 is arranged at the liquid outlet end of the flow channel structure. The first bulge 4 is provided with a plurality of gaps 5 along the flowing direction of liquid, and the flow passages are communicated through the gaps 5.
The seedling raising tray is 28cm in width, 54cm in length and 5cm in height, the liquid injection area 2 is 3cm in width, and the observation area 3 is 1cm in width.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sponge block, wherein the sponge block consists of a plurality of cube small blocks, and holes are formed in the top of the sponge block;
(2) Placing the sponge block obtained in the step (1) in clear water to fully soak the sponge block, lifting the sponge block with water by two hands, placing the sponge block into a seedling tray, and placing the seeds subjected to seed soaking treatment into 1 hole at the top of the sponge block by using forceps;
(3) Slowly pouring tap water from the right side of the seedling raising plate by using a beaker, and stopping pouring the tap water when water flows out from the left side of the seedling raising plate;
(4) Covering a film on the seedling raising tray, fastening the periphery of the seedling raising tray, and cutting 4 holes with the length of 3cm on the film above the sponge by using a knife;
(5) Setting the daytime environment temperature to be 22 ℃, setting the nighttime environment temperature to be 15 ℃ and setting the environment relative humidity to be 70%, after sowing for 24 hours, after accelerating germination and whitening, moving the seeds to a seedling raising frame, and turning on a plant growth lamp for illumination;
(6) When cotyledons of the seedlings are completely unfolded, uncovering the film, adding a seedling culture nutrient solution from one end of the seedling culture plate, and ensuring that the height of the nutrient solution at the bottom of the seedling culture plate is about 2cm;
(7) Adopting nutrient solution circulation management to raise seedlings for 15 days, and when the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart, transplanting the seedlings to a seedling raising frame for water planting and field planting.
Further, the shape of the hole is cross-shaped.
Furthermore, the volume weight of the sponge block is 0.015g/cm 3 And the air-water ratio of the sponge block is 0.34.
Further, in the step (2), the seed soaking treatment specifically comprises the following steps: soaking the seeds in clear water at 30 ℃ for 8min, soaking the seeds in 0.1wt% of potassium permanganate for 5min, washing with clear water, soaking the seeds in clear water at 20 ℃ for 8h, and finally washing with clear water to obtain the seeds after seed soaking treatment.
Further, the light source of the plant growth lamp is a red-blue-white combined light source, wherein the ratio of R (red LED): b (blue LED): the light-to-mass ratio of W (white LED) was 6:2:1.
further, in the step (5), the illumination time of the plant growth lamp is set to 8 hours per day. Specifically, the illumination time ranges of the plant growth lamp are 5-9 am and 3-7 pm every day respectively. The hanging height of the plant growth lamp (the height difference between the plant growth lamp and the seedling tray) is 50cm.
Further, the seedling culture nutrient solution comprises the following nutrient components in parts by mass: each liter of water contains 160mg of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 115mg of potassium sulfate, 100mg of ammonium nitrate, 60mg of monopotassium phosphate, 90mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 40mg of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 2.80mg of boric acid, 2.15mg of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, 0.25mg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate and 0.02mg of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate.
Further, the conductivity of the seedling culture nutrient solution is 0.9mS/cm, and the pH value of the nutrient solution is 6.0.
Further, in the step (7), the seedling nutrient solution circulation management specifically comprises: the first 5 days from the first addition of the seedling culture nutrient solution is a first stage, the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 0.5 time is adopted for the seedling culture in the first stage and is replenished at the frequency of once a day, the seedling culture nutrient solution in the first stage contains 3mmol/L of mixed solution of potassium chloride and calcium chloride, and the solute ratio of the potassium chloride to the calcium chloride in the mixed solution of the potassium chloride and the calcium chloride is 1; taking the 5 th day after the first stage as the second stage, and supplementing the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.0 time once a day in the second stage, wherein the seedling culture nutrient solution in the second stage contains 0.5mg/g humic acid; the third stage is from the end of the second stage to the day before transplanting, and the seedlings are replenished by adopting a seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.5 times in the third stage at the frequency of once a day.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a sponge block water culture seedling method for a plant factory, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sponge block, wherein the sponge block consists of a plurality of cube small blocks, and holes are formed in the top of the sponge block;
(2) Placing the sponge block obtained in the step (1) in clear water to fully soak the sponge block, lifting the sponge block with water by two hands, placing the sponge block into a seedling tray, and placing the seeds subjected to seed soaking treatment into 1 hole at the top of the sponge block by using forceps;
(3) Slowly pouring tap water from the right side of the seedling raising plate by using a beaker, and stopping pouring the tap water when water flows out from the left side of the seedling raising plate;
(4) Covering a film on the seedling raising tray, fastening the periphery of the seedling raising tray, and cutting 5 holes with the length of 4cm on the film above the sponge by using a knife;
(5) Setting the daytime environment temperature to 23 ℃, setting the nighttime environment temperature to 16 ℃ and setting the environment relative humidity to 72%, after sowing for 26 hours, after accelerating germination and whitening, moving the seeds to a seedling raising frame, and turning on a plant growth lamp for illumination;
(6) When the cotyledon of the seedling is completely unfolded, uncovering the film, adding a seedling culture nutrient solution from one end of the seedling culture plate, and ensuring that the height of the nutrient solution at the bottom of the seedling culture plate is about 2cm;
(7) And (4) carrying out seedling culture for 15 days by adopting nutrient solution circulation management, and transplanting the seedlings to a seedling culture rack for water planting and field planting when the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart.
Further, the shape of the hole is I-shaped.
Further, the volume weight of the sponge block is 0.04g/cm 3 And the air-water ratio of the sponge block is 0.39.
Further, in the step (2), the seed soaking treatment specifically comprises the following steps: soaking the seeds in clear water at 35 ℃ for 10min, soaking the seeds in 0.1wt% of potassium permanganate for 6min, washing with clear water, soaking the seeds in clear water at 25 ℃ for 10h, and finally washing with clear water to obtain the seeds after seed soaking treatment.
Further, the light source of the plant growth lamp is a red-blue-white combined light source, wherein the ratio of R (red LED): b (blue LED): the light-to-mass ratio of W (white LED) was 7:2:1.
further, in the step (5), the illumination time of the plant growth lamp is set to 8 hours per day. Specifically, the illumination time ranges of the plant growth lamp are 6-10 am and 3-7 pm every day. The hanging height of the plant growth lamp (the height difference between the plant growth lamp and the seedling tray) is 50cm.
Further, the seedling culture nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: each liter of water contains 300mg of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 115mg of potassium sulfate, 120mg of ammonium nitrate, 80mg of monopotassium phosphate, 90mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 40mg of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 2.80mg of boric acid, 2.15mg of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, 0.25mg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate and 0.02mg of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate.
Further, the conductivity of the seedling culture nutrient solution is 1.0mS/cm, and the pH value of the nutrient solution is 6.2.
Further, in the step (7), the seedling nutrient solution circulation management specifically comprises: the first 5 days from the first addition of the seedling culture nutrient solution is a first stage, the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 0.5 time is adopted for the seedling culture in the first stage and is replenished at the frequency of once a day, the seedling culture nutrient solution in the first stage contains 5mmol/L of potassium chloride and calcium chloride mixed solution, and the solute ratio of potassium chloride to calcium chloride in the potassium chloride and calcium chloride mixed solution is 1; taking the 5 th day after the first stage as the second stage, supplementing the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.0 time once a day in the second stage, wherein the seedling culture nutrient solution in the second stage contains 0.8mg/g humic acid; the third stage is from the end of the second stage to the day before transplanting, and the seedlings are replenished by adopting a seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.5 times in the third stage at the frequency of once a day.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a sponge block water culture seedling method for a plant factory, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sponge block, wherein the sponge block consists of a plurality of cube small blocks, and holes are formed in the top of the sponge block;
(2) Placing the sponge block obtained in the step (1) in clear water to fully soak the sponge block, lifting the sponge block with water by two hands, placing the sponge block into a seedling tray, and placing the seeds subjected to seed soaking treatment into 1 hole at the top of the sponge block by hands or forceps;
(3) Slowly pouring tap water from the right side of the seedling raising plate by using a beaker, and stopping pouring water when water flows out from the left side of the seedling raising plate;
(4) Covering a seedling raising plate with a film, fastening the periphery of the seedling raising plate, and cutting 5 holes with the length of 5cm in the film above the sponge by using a knife;
(5) Setting the daytime environment temperature to be 25 ℃, setting the night environment temperature to be 18 ℃ and setting the relative environment humidity to be 75%, after sowing for 30 hours, moving the seeds onto a seedling raising frame after accelerating germination and whitening, and turning on a plant growth lamp for illumination;
(6) When cotyledons of the seedlings are completely unfolded, uncovering the film, adding a seedling culture nutrient solution from one end of the seedling culture plate, and ensuring that the height of the nutrient solution at the bottom of the seedling culture plate is about 3cm;
(7) And (4) carrying out seedling culture for 18 days by adopting nutrient solution circulation management, and transplanting the seedlings to a seedling culture rack for water planting and field planting when the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart.
Further, the shape of the hole is a hemispherical pit shape.
Further, the volume weight of the sponge block is 0.07g/cm 3 And the air-water ratio of the sponge block is 0.45.
Further, in the step (2), the seed soaking treatment specifically comprises the following steps: soaking the seeds in clear water at 40 ℃ for 12min, then soaking the seeds in 0.1wt% of potassium permanganate for 8min, cleaning the seeds with clear water, soaking the seeds in clear water at 30 ℃ for 12h, and finally cleaning the seeds with clear water to obtain the seeds after seed soaking treatment.
Further, the light source of the plant growth lamp is a red-blue-white combined light source, wherein the ratio of R (red LED): b (blue LED): the light-to-mass ratio of W (white LED) was 8:2:1.
further, in the step (5), the illumination time of the plant growth lamp is set to 10 hours per day. Specifically, the illumination time ranges of the plant growth lamp are 5-10 am and 3-8 pm every day respectively. The hanging height of the plant growth lamp (the height difference between the plant growth lamp and the seedling raising plate) is 55cm.
Further, the seedling culture nutrient solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: each liter of water contains 360mg of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 115mg of potassium sulfate, 140mg of ammonium nitrate, 60mg of monopotassium phosphate, 90mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 40mg of ferric disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 2.80mg of boric acid, 2.15mg of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, 0.25mg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate and 0.02mg of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate.
Further, the conductivity of the seedling culture nutrient solution is 1.5mS/cm, and the pH value of the nutrient solution is 6.5.
Further, in the step (7), the seedling nutrient solution circulation management specifically comprises: the first 5 days from the first addition of the seedling culture nutrient solution is a first stage, the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 0.5 time is adopted for the seedling culture in the first stage and is replenished at the frequency of once a day, the seedling culture nutrient solution in the first stage contains 7mmol/L of potassium chloride and calcium chloride mixed solution, and the solute ratio of potassium chloride to calcium chloride in the potassium chloride and calcium chloride mixed solution is 1; taking the 8 th day after the first stage as the second stage, supplementing the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.0 time once a day in the second stage, wherein the seedling culture nutrient solution in the second stage contains 1.0mg/g humic acid; the third stage is from the end of the second stage to the day before transplanting, and the seedlings are replenished by adopting a seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.5 times in the third stage at the frequency of once a day.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 2 in that: the seeds used in step (2) are not treated by seed soaking.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 2 in that: the plant growing lamp is a fluorescent lamp.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example differs from example 2 in that: in the step (7), the seedling culture nutrient solution circulation management specifically comprises: the third stage is from the first addition of the seedling culture nutrient solution to the day before seedling transplanting, and the seedling culture in the third stage is supplemented by the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.0 time once a day.
The growth conditions of the lettuce seedlings obtained in the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested, the seedling one day before transplanting was directly measured for plant height, total root length and root thickness with a ruler, the overground part and the underground part of the lettuce were cut and sampled separately, and the fresh mass of the overground part (including stem) and the underground part was weighed indoors with an analytical balance. The total chlorophyll content was measured using a tap 502plus chlorophyll meter. The content fraction of the vitamin C is determined by a colorimetric method. The test results of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 lettuce seedling growth of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3
As can be seen from the results in table 1 above, the water culture seedling method of embodiments 1-3 is adopted to culture lettuce seedlings, the germination rate of the seeds can reach more than 99.8%, and from the results of root length and root thickness, the water culture seedling method can obtain seedlings with developed roots and strong vitality, the growth rate and number of the roots are obviously increased, and the average seedling time of lettuce can be 3 days ahead of time. From the data of plant height and fresh weight, it can be seen that the seedlings of examples 1-3 are robust in growth and high in seedling quality. The results of the contents of chlorophyll and vitamin C show that the seedlings obtained by the water culture seedling method have higher contents of chlorophyll and vitamin C and higher accumulation of nutritive value.
The above specific examples are further illustrative of the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any obvious alternative is within the scope of the invention without departing from the inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. A plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method is characterized in that: the seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a sponge block, wherein the sponge block consists of a plurality of cube small blocks, and holes are formed in the top of the sponge block;
(2) Placing the sponge block obtained in the step (1) in clear water to fully soak the sponge block, lifting the sponge block with water by two hands, placing the sponge block into a seedling raising tray, placing seeds subjected to seed soaking treatment into holes at the top of the sponge block by hands or tweezers, and placing 1 hole for 1 particle;
(3) Slowly pouring tap water from the right side of the seedling raising plate by using a beaker, and stopping pouring water when water flows out from the left side of the seedling raising plate;
(4) Covering a film on the seedling raising tray, fastening the periphery of the seedling raising tray, and cutting 4-5 holes with the length of 3-5 cm on the film above the sponge by using a knife;
(5) Setting the environment temperature at 22-25 ℃ in the daytime, setting the environment temperature at 15-18 ℃ at night, setting the relative environment humidity at 70-75%, after sowing for 24-30 hours, moving the seeds onto a seedling rack after accelerating germination and whitening, and turning on a plant growth lamp for illumination;
(6) When the cotyledon of the seedling is completely unfolded, uncovering the film, adding a seedling culture nutrient solution from one end of the seedling culture plate, and ensuring that the height of the nutrient solution at the bottom of the seedling culture plate is about 2-3 cm;
(7) Adopting nutrient solution circulation management to raise seedlings for 15-18 days, and when the seedlings are grown to 2 leaves and 1 heart, transplanting the seedlings to a seedling raising frame to make water planting and field planting.
2. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the hole is pit-shaped, cross-shaped or I-shaped.
3. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the volume weight of the sponge block is 0.01-0.08 g/cm 3 The air-water ratio of the sponge block is 0.3-0.47.
4. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the seed soaking treatment comprises the following specific steps: soaking the seeds in clear water at 30-40 deg.C for 8-12min, soaking the seeds in 0.1wt% potassium permanganate for 5-8min, cleaning with clear water, soaking the seeds in clear water at 20-30 deg.C for 4-8h, and cleaning with clear water to obtain the seeds after seed soaking treatment.
5. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seedling raising tray is internally provided with a planting area, a liquid injection area and an observation area which are respectively arranged at two ends of the planting area, the planting area is internally provided with a plurality of flow channels, the flow channels are communicated with the liquid injection area and the observation area, and the sponge block is laid on the planting area.
6. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the light source of vegetation lamp is red blue white combination light source, wherein R: b: the light-to-mass ratio of W is 6-8: 2:1.
7. the plant factory sponge block hydroponic seedling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (5), the illumination time of the plant growth lamp is set to be 8-10 h per day.
8. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the seedling culture nutrient solution comprises the following nutrient components in parts by mass: each liter of water contains 160-360 mg of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 115-130 mg of potassium sulfate, 80-140 mg of ammonium nitrate, 60-100 mg of monopotassium phosphate, 90mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 40mg of disodium ferric ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 2.80mg of boric acid, 2.15mg of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, 0.25mg of zinc sulfate heptahydrate, 0.10mg of copper sulfate pentahydrate and 0.02mg of ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate.
9. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the conductivity of the seedling culture nutrient solution is 0.7-1.5 mS/cm, and the pH value of the nutrient solution is 6.0-6.5.
10. The plant factory sponge block water culture seedling method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (7), the seedling culture nutrient solution circulation management specifically comprises: the first 5 days from the first addition of the seedling culture nutrient solution is a first stage, the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 0.5 time is adopted for the seedling culture in the first stage and is replenished at the frequency of once a day, and the seedling culture nutrient solution in the first stage contains 3-7 mmol/L of potassium chloride and calcium chloride mixed solution; taking the 5 th to 8 th days after the first stage as the second stage, supplementing the seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.0 time once a day by adopting the seedling culture nutrient solution in the second stage, wherein the seedling culture nutrient solution in the second stage contains 0.5 to 1.1mg/g of humic acid; the third stage is from the end of the second stage to the day before transplanting, and the seedlings are replenished by adopting a seedling culture nutrient solution with the concentration of 1.5 times in the third stage at the frequency of once a day.
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| CN115812582B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2024-02-02 | 南京林业大学 | Soilless cultivation method for poplar and willow |
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