CN115279712A - 3d打印工艺和用木质素磺酸盐通过该工艺生产的模塑件 - Google Patents

3d打印工艺和用木质素磺酸盐通过该工艺生产的模塑件 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115279712A
CN115279712A CN202080091374.2A CN202080091374A CN115279712A CN 115279712 A CN115279712 A CN 115279712A CN 202080091374 A CN202080091374 A CN 202080091374A CN 115279712 A CN115279712 A CN 115279712A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
printing
liquid
printing process
particulate material
powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202080091374.2A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
格努赫特尔·英戈
莫格勒·弗洛里安
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voxeljet Suzhou 3D Printing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Voxeljet Suzhou 3D Printing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voxeljet Suzhou 3D Printing Co Ltd filed Critical Voxeljet Suzhou 3D Printing Co Ltd
Publication of CN115279712A publication Critical patent/CN115279712A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/165Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/14Formation of a green body by jetting of binder onto a bed of metal powder
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/68Cleaning or washing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3807Resin-bonded materials, e.g. inorganic particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3814Porous moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/44Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
    • B29C33/52Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles soluble or fusible
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C39/00Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C39/22Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C39/26Moulds or cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264Arrangements for irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/28Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2001/00Use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. viscose, as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00Products made by additive manufacturing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00181Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/10Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the viscosity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • C04B2201/52High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

本发明涉及用于3D打印的材料系统,使用含木质素成分或其衍生物或改性木质素的3D打印工艺,通过基于粉末的增材层制造工艺生产的可溶性模塑件以及模塑件的用途。

Description

3D打印工艺和用木质素磺酸盐通过该工艺生产的模塑件
技术领域
本发明涉及用于3D打印的材料系统、使用含木质素成分或其衍生物的3D打印工艺、通过基于粉末的增材层制造工艺生产的可溶性模塑件以及模塑件的用途。
背景技术
欧洲专利EP 0 431 924B1描述了一种基于计算机数据生产三维物体的方法。在该方法中,在平台上沉积一薄层颗粒材料,并通过打印头在其上选择性地打印液体。在用液体打印的区域,颗粒被粘合,该区域在液体的影响下固化,如有必要,还可使用额外的硬化剂。接下来,将平台在成型缸中降低一层厚度,并提供一层新的颗粒材料,后者也如上所述进行打印。重复这些步骤,直到物体达到一定的期望高度。因此,打印和固化后的区域形成三维物体。
这种方法允许加工不同的颗粒材料,包括天然生物原材料、聚合塑料材料、金属、陶瓷和沙子,这是一个非详尽的例子。
例如,砂粒可以通过基于粉末的3D打印使用粘合剂系统进行处理。其中包括冷树脂粘合剂,其用于铸造用途以及3D打印。
无机粘合剂也用于该领域。在铸造行业,它们是冷树脂粘合剂的环保替代品。
这些材料特别适用于金属铸造,在这种情况下,高温通常占主导地位,有机粘合剂会在很大程度上燃烧,并预先削弱模具。在随后的步骤中,熔体冷却后,用机械方法去除模具残留物。对于无机粘合的模具,必须使用高能量(增强),以防止在铸造过程中模具强度下降。
对于使用合成树脂或液态凝固系统(如混凝土)进行的冷铸,上述模具均不会受到削弱。在冷铸造之前,必须对砂型表面进行涂覆和密封,并且必须使用脱模剂,以便在浇铸材料固化后分离界面。
虽然外部模具仍然可以从模具中移除,但不利的是不可能做出带有镶件型芯的铸件内部结构,因为机械移除镶件型芯而不损坏最终模具实际上是不可能的。
当使用打印砂模作为层压模具时,这种情况同样不利。简单的表面结构可以很容易地在涂层表面上产生,但这对于倒扣或悬空部分是不可能的。虽然某些几何形状可以通过机械破坏层压模具而取出层压件,但在几乎封闭的结构中,这是不可能的,并且会损坏层压件。
因此,迄今为止,还没有或只有不太令人满意的工艺能够生产出复杂的层压模塑件。然而,对于具有复杂几何形状(如倒扣)的层压成型和冷铸模具,令人满意的3D打印工艺和材料系统并不可用。
因此,本发明的目的是消除或至少大幅减少现有技术的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种减少或完全避免现有技术缺点的材料系统和/或3D打印工艺。
本发明的目的是提供一种材料系统和/或3D打印工艺,其允许以简单且经济高效的方式生产复杂的几何形状和层压件。
本发明简要概述
在一个方面,本发明涉及一种包含颗粒材料或混合物和打印液体的材料系统。
在另一方面,本发明涉及一种生产模塑件的方法,该模塑件可用作层压模具或冷铸模具,并且在必要时可通过用水溶液或液体清洗来容易地去除。
本发明的详细说明
在冷铸造和层压制品生产中,本发明基本目标的解决方案是一种用于生产3D打印模塑件的材料系统和/或工艺,其中木质素或其衍生物包含在打印液中,该模塑件最好可以借助溶剂(如水)进行破坏脱模。
一方面,一种解决方案由一适用于3D打印工艺的材料系统提供;或由一3D打印工艺材料系统提供,该材料系统包括或由颗粒材料和打印液组成,其中所述颗粒材料选自无机颗粒材料,例如石英砂、橄榄石砂、角闪石(红柱石)、陶粒、陶瓷、金属粉末或其他有机颗粒材料,例如木粉、淀粉或纤维素粉,颗粒材料优选未经处理,其中打印液包括或含有选自水或水溶液及含木质素成分或其衍生物的液体,优选木质素磺酸盐。
根据本发明的材料系统的优点之一是其成本效益高,因为可以使用任一种廉价的不溶性材料,或/且不溶性颗粒材料可以大量重复使用。这对于昂贵的颗粒材料尤其有利。此外,木质素是一种可再生的原材料,容易获得,而且价格低廉。
此外,打印液体易于处理,环境兼容,对打印头及其部件温和,这在3D打印机器及其工艺中是一个重要的成本因素。
在根据本发明的材料系统中,打印液可另外包括或包含选自水溶性塑料(例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇或聚丙烯酸)组的组分,或与其他材料组分相容的其他已知水溶性组分。
在根据本发明的材料系统中,以这样一种方式调整各个组分之间的比率,使得可以有利地执行3D打印过程,并达到所生产的模塑件的期望特性。
在根据本发明的材料系统的一个方面,打印液被同等地调整并适应于其他材料组分,其中打印液可由极性有机或/和无机流体组成或包含极性有机或/和无机流体,优选水和/或醇。
在另一方面,根据本发明的材料系统的特征在于,打印液由极性有机或/和无机液体组成,或包含极性有机或/和无机液体,优选水和/或醇。
优选地,所述材料系统的特征在于,其另外含有可溶性淀粉水解物,例如麦芽糊精、葡萄糖,优选地,其中所述淀粉水解物的葡萄糖当量在1-50之间,优选在3-35之间,尤其优选在3-20之间。
在另一个方面,材料系统的组成部分可以在各自的比例上进行不同的调整。根据本发明的打印液中的木质素含量可在10%-35%(始终基于总混合物)、优选10%-25%、更优选15%-20%之间;淀粉水解产物可单独存在或以10%-35%(始终基于总混合物)、优选10%-25%、更优选15%-20%的比例存在于若干组分的混合物中;分散剂或/和表面活性剂可存在于0-3%之间(始终基于总混合物),优选0.1%-1%。
在根据本发明的材料系统中,醇含量可在0.5%-15%、优选2%-10%、尤其优选5%-8%之间和/或其中的醇包含简单醇、二元醇或多元醇或前述醇的混合物。
在根据本发明的材料系统中,使用本领域技术人员已知的合适物质或液体,以合适的方式调整打印液的粘度。粘度可以在2mPas-20mPas之间,优选在8mPas-15mPas之间,尤其优选在10mPas-14mPas之间。
在根据本发明的材料系统中,打印液可进一步包含表面活性剂,例如十二烷基硫酸钠或Surfynol 465,且表面张力为20mN/m-50mN/m,优选25mN/m-40mN/m,尤其优选28mN/m-35mN/m,或/和来自例如硅氧烷或/和染料组的消泡剂。
在另一方面,本发明涉及一种用于生产模塑件的3D打印工艺,所述工艺包括将颗粒材料混合物铺设到构建平面上、选择性涂覆打印液,其中,所述打印液包括或由从水或水溶液和含木质素成分或其衍生物组成的组中选择的液体组成,优选木质素磺酸盐,对于至少部分选择性固化,有选择地对构建场进行加温或将能量引入所应用的颗粒材料混合物,优选加温至30℃-60℃,更优选40℃-50℃,并对打印液进行加温,重复这些步骤直到获得所需模塑件。
这一工艺的优点是,可以生产出高质量的模塑件,并可用于各种应用和用途。
特别是,一个优点是,以这种方式生产的模塑件(也包括模具或铸造模具)可以用作层压模具,或用于在使用过程结束时再次移除模具的所有用途。这可以简单地通过加水来完成,水会冲掉模具,让用模具制作的产品轻轻地从模具中释放出来。
在根据本发明的3D打印工艺中,所获得的模塑件可与非固化颗粒材料混合物分离,并且所述模塑件优选地可经受进一步的热处理步骤。
与所有常见的3D打印工艺(例如喷墨工艺)一样,颗粒材料混合物通过重涂的方式施加,如有必要,颗粒材料混合物在应用前混合。
与所有常见的3D打印过程(例如喷墨打印过程)一样,打印液体选择性地施加于打印头上。
在根据本发明的3D打印工艺中,打印工艺完成后,可在环境条件下将模塑件留在粉末床中4h-24h,优选8h-15h,尤其优选10h-11h。
根据本发明的3D打印过程可以遵循进一步的程序。例如,在附加步骤中,对模塑件进行热处理,优选将模塑件在30℃-160℃下存放1h-7h、最好是50℃-140℃下存放4h-6h。
在根据本发明的3D打印过程中,可以通过打印和未打印的构建体积中吸入空气,以增加拆封强度。优选在模具生产完成(工作结束)后0.5h至8h内开始抽吸,最好在1h至5h内开始抽吸,尤其最好在建造过程完成后1h至3h内开始抽吸。吸入空气的温度可能与室温不同,吸入空气的温度优选为10℃-80℃,最好为15℃-60℃,尤其优选20℃-40℃。抽吸时间优选为0.5h-3h,尤其优选1h-2h。可随后额外用烘箱对零件加热,以进一步提高强度。优选地,在30℃-160℃条件下,将模塑件存放1h-7h,最好是50℃-140℃条件下存放4h-6h。除了在烘箱中进行热处理之外,还可以使用微波辐射进行后处理,或者作为热处理的替代,在2min-30min、优选2min-15min、尤其优选2min-10min的时间内进行后处理。
根据本发明的3D打印工艺中的后续步骤的另一种可能性是进一步涂覆或密封模塑件的表面,在这种情况下,本领域技术人员已知的所有工艺和材料可用于此类模塑件。
通过本发明3D打印工艺生产的模塑件可广泛应用,例如用于航空航天或类似用途的管道或软管生产的层压工艺中。
根据本发明的3D工艺生产的模塑件的材料特性是有利的,并且可以通过该工艺的适当后续步骤进一步影响某些材料特性。例如,一方面,强度可受打印液中的水溶性组分的量和施加于颗粒材料的打印液的量的影响,另一方面,强度可通过将模塑件留在粉末床中或通过后续热处理以及通过抽吸允许空气通过来调整。在环境条件下,在粉末床中再放置4h-24h、优选8h-15h、尤其优选10h-11h的模塑件在打印方向上可显示80N/cm2-150 N/cm2的强度。由于空气通过吸力通过,所述强度在较短时间后达到。在30℃-160℃、优选50℃-140℃条件下热处理1h-7h、最好4h-6h后,强度可能超过200N/cm2
在另一方面,本发明涉及根据本发明生产的模塑件或根据本发明的工艺生产的模塑件用于合成树脂的冷铸或液态凝固系统,或用作层压模具。
下面将描述本发明的其他方面。
在根据本发明的实际3D打印工艺之前,惰性颗粒材料,例如已知用于基于粉末床的3D打印的砂,如石英砂、橄榄石砂、角闪石或陶粒,还有不可溶塑料,无需与其他可溶性有机物混合。
上述颗粒材料的优点是不需要改变现有的铺粉器技术,可以使用标准3D打印机,能够处理呋喃树脂、酚醛树脂和无机工艺中的颗粒材料。
在颗粒材料混合物的情况下,颗粒尺寸优选在90μm-250μm之间,尽管更细的粉末也适用。这在很大程度上防止了颗粒材料运输过程中的离析。
混合粉末通常已在不连续混合器中的工艺上游均匀化。
液体第二组分,即打印液体,通过打印头引入。打印液被打印头以弯曲方式引导在涂覆的第一组分上,选择性地根据预先输入的,与颗粒材料重量相关的,各层图案的数据。
打印液(液体成分)主要由溶剂(溶剂)组成,溶剂将可溶物质转移到颗粒物质上。优选地,溶剂为水。
为了确保以压力稳定的方式处理水,一方面,通过添加表面活性剂将表面张力从约72mN/m降低到优选40mN/m以下,尤其优选30mN/m-35mN/m之间。为此,仅添加少量表面活性剂,因为大量添加会促进泡沫形成,并可能导致打印过程中喷嘴故障。因此,仅向打印液中添加1%的表面活性剂,例如十二烷基硫酸钠、糖基表面活性剂、
Figure BDA0003725613810000051
Figure BDA0003725613810000053
Figure BDA0003725613810000052
通过添加消泡剂(例如来自硅氧烷组的消泡剂,如
Figure BDA0003725613810000054
1488)并通常添加高达0.5%的打印液,可减少泡沫的产生。
通过添加易溶于水的醇,将打印液的粘度调节到4mPas-20mPas的范围。优选地,使用多元醇,例如乙二醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇或可溶性糖,其含量高达20%。特别优选地,以15%-20%的量添加麦芽糊精,从而产生11mPa-15mPa的粘度。
此外,可以通过添加合适的染料来调整打印液的深棕色着色。通常,使用少量易溶染料,如
Figure BDA0003725613810000055
或聚合物染料,如Milliken Red 17。通常添加量在0.1%-0.5%范围内,最好为0.2%-0.3%。
打印一层后,构建平台相对于打印单元移动一层厚度,并铺设新的粉末材料。
在这种情况下,红外线灯位于铺粉器轴和/或具有单独的轴和/或安装在打印头轴上,可以通过在打印和/或新铺设的层上经过一次或几次来加热打印和/或新铺设的层。温度升高有助于通过蒸发再次减少液体量。除了增加零件的强度外,加热步骤还有利地产生更高的轮廓清晰度,因为上述过程减少了粘合剂的扩散。
过程中的表面温度在30℃-60℃之间,最好是40℃-50℃
建造过程完成后,再铺设3mm-30mm(最好是10mm)的空层,将最后建造的零件完全嵌入松散材料中。
在等待4h-24h、优选8h-12h、尤其优选10h-11h后,可以通过例如抽吸装置将部件从松散材料中释放出来。未粘合粉末在控制筛分后,可返回工艺(重复利用)。
最后,使用压缩空气去除零件上残留的粘合材料。80N/cm2-150N/cm2的强度相当弱,但足以在不破坏或变形的情况下处理它们。
强度增加可以通过在烘箱中以100℃-140℃的温度进行3h-5h的后处理来产生,最终强度达到>200N/cm2
由于3D打印模塑件具有多孔表面,因此在将其用作铸造或层压模具之前处理打印零件的表面通常是有利的。这将减少界面处的孔隙率,从而在进一步的应用步骤中避免打印材料的表面被穿透,并且可以从打印零件中勾画出铸件或层压件。建造的模具组装或插入传统制造的外部模具中,并用环氧树脂、聚氨酯或聚酯树脂等树脂浇注。此外,还可以使用硅酮或液态固化材料系统。此外,基于玻璃纤维或碳纤维的层压件可以在零件表面的基础上生产。
材料体系固化后,通过使溶剂(最好是水)与模具接触来进行脱模。例如,可以将模具浸入溶剂中或将溶剂倒在模具上。可溶成分迅速溶解,破坏了不可溶粉末的粘性。
不溶性成分也被冲出,可以收集,与可溶性物质重新混合,然后返回到工艺中。为了释放成型零件,要有足够大的间隙足以使不溶性物质与溶剂一起流出。
下面将更详细地解释根据本发明的几个术语。
在本发明的意义上,“3D打印方法”是从现有技术中已知的所有方法,其能够将部件构造为三维模具,并且与所述工艺组件和装置兼容。
根据模塑制品和优化模塑制品生产的要求,本发明意义上的“选择性打印液应用”可在每次铺设颗粒材料或颗粒材料混合物后实施,或在每次铺设颗粒材料后不规则地实施,即非线性和平行实施。因此,在模塑制品生产过程中,“选择性打印液应用”可以单独调整。
本发明意义上的“粘合剂”是指通过溶液或溶剂(例如水溶液)的溶解,使颗粒材料中的固体和不溶性颗粒(例如沙子)相互粘附并在颗粒之间产生相对强度的材料。
本发明意义上的“模塑制品”或“零件”或“模具”或“3D模塑件”是指使用根据本发明的工艺(3D打印工艺)制造并显示尺寸稳定性的所有三维物体。
本文使用的“颗粒材料”或“不溶性颗粒材料”可以是任何已知用于基于粉末的3D打印(例如喷墨工艺)的材料,尤其是沙子、陶瓷粉末、金属粉末、塑料材料、木材颗粒、纤维材料、纤维素或/和乳糖粉末。颗粒材料在干燥时最好是自由流动的粉末,但也可以是粘性、耐切割的粉末或带颗粒的液体。
本发明意义上的“颗粒材料”或“颗粒材料混合物”是指两种或两种以上不同材料的混合物,例如水溶性颗粒材料和水不溶性颗粒材料,本发明进一步描述了这些单独的材料。
本发明意义上的“材料系统”由各种组件组成,通过它们的相互作用,允许逐层构造模塑件;这些不同的组分可以一起使用和沉积,也可以层叠使用。单个组分(例如粘合剂组分)可以存在于一个或两个材料组分中,然后这些组分会影响(例如)所生产模塑件的强度。
“打印液”在本发明的意义上,用于选择性地涂覆于所应用的颗粒材料混合物,并选择性地实现模塑制品的形成。打印液体可包含粘合剂材料,并且这些粘合剂材料可基本上仅存在于颗粒材料混合物中,基本上仅存在于打印液体中,或同时存在于两种材料中。本发明意义上的“打印液”包括或由从水或水溶液和含木质素的组分或其衍生物或改性木质素中选择的液体组成,优选木质素磺酸盐。
“构建区域”是指在构建过程中,通过重复铺设颗粒材料,颗粒材料层生长的几何位置。构建区域通常由底部(即构建平台)、墙壁和开放顶面(即构建平面)界定。
本发明意义上的“铸造材料”指任何可浇铸材料,尤其是那些在加工过程中不会产生温度的材料,此温度可能会削弱冷树脂结合,从而有利于脱模。
就本发明而言,“孔隙率”是在3D打印过程中结合的颗粒之间形成的空腔的迷宫结构。
“密封”作用于打印模具和待填充型腔之间的几何边界。它在表面上密封了多孔模塑制品的孔隙。
“冷铸工艺”尤其是指铸造过程中,模具和型芯的温度在铸造之前、期间和之后均未达到模具材料的分解或软化温度。模具的强度不受铸造工艺的影响。这与金属铸造过程不同,金属铸造过程中,模具通常会被热铸造所缓慢破坏。
术语“处理表面”是指在打印和清洁模具后,在优选单独步骤中处理的铸造模具表面。这种处理方法通常是将一种物质涂在表面,尤其涂在靠近模具或型芯区域的表面。对于涂覆,所有可能的不同工艺方式都会被考虑在内。
通过3D打印模具实现冷铸模具和层压模具在经济上是可取的,尤其是对于更复杂的形状。
本发明的一个方面是提供一种模具,特别是用于冷铸和层压工艺,该模具由基于粉末的增材层制造工艺制成,其中最终模具可以任选地具有经处理的表面,并且可以通过溶剂进行弱化和脱模。
例如,经过处理的表面可以防止浇注料系统或液体粘合剂由于静水压力或毛细管效应而穿透模塑制品。
附图说明
图1:一个简单的打印模塑件作为层压件的层压模具的图示。
图2:在破坏打印部分的同时清洗层压件
图3:带芯层压件
图4:成品层压件
图5:冷铸造的工艺流程,以及随后的模具清洗。
100-水溶性芯;101-围绕水溶性芯的层压件;200-水池;201-带层压件的水溶性芯;202-喷水器;300-溶解模具;301-颗粒材料;302-水;400-层压件;401-水射流;500-成品层压件;600-混凝土;601-模具;602-水溶性模具;603-用水冲洗;604-喷水器;605-脱芯的混凝土件。
具体实施方式
下面将介绍本发明的其他实施例或/和方面。
根据优选实施例,本发明包括包含颗粒材料混合物的材料系统,其中至少一种粉末成分可溶于第二种液体成分。
在另一个方面,本发明涉及一种第一材料组分,其包括至少一种不溶性无机和/或有机颗粒材料和具有类似粒径分布的可溶性、优选水溶性聚合物。
在另一方面,本发明涉及主要由用于调节粘度和表面张力的溶剂和添加剂组成的第二材料组分。
此外,本发明涉及在增材层制造工艺中通过基于粉末床的3D打印,并使用选择性引入颗粒材料中的液体组分来生产水溶性模具。
由于颗粒材料组分的可溶性,通过3D打印由其制成的模塑制品可在温和条件下通过暴露于溶剂(优选水)再次被破坏。
本发明的另一方面涉及一种根据本发明制造冷铸件作为失模或层压件的模具应用。
具体而言,根据本发明的铸造模具可用于生产混凝土铸件和/或冷铸聚合物零件。
优选地,基于粉末床的3D打印工艺用于增材层制造工艺。
如果表面额外用疏水材料密封,如有必要,可以很好地限制浇铸材料渗透到模具孔隙中。
此外,可以通过施胶剂和/或分散剂改变表面的孔隙率,尤其是氧化锆、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化钛、白垩或硅酸基施胶剂和/或塑料、纤维素、糖、面粉和/或盐基溶液。
此外,表面的孔隙率可以通过油脂、油、蜡和/或热水可溶物质来改变或密封。
示例性实施例
A.根据本发明的用于生产模塑件的示例性装置包括粉末铺粉器。铺粉器将颗粒材料铺设在构建平台上,并使其平滑。所应用的颗粒材料可由多种不溶性材料组成,但根据本发明,由于其成本低,优选与水溶性聚合物混合的沙子。粉末层的高度由构建平台决定。在铺设一层后,降低构建平台。在下一个铺粉工序中,新产生的体积被粉末填充,并平滑去除多余的部分粉末。其结果基本上,甚至是几乎完美的一定高度的平行光滑层。
在铺粉和(如有必要)加热过程之后,使用喷墨打印头在该层上打印将可溶聚合物转移到颗粒材料的液体。打印图像对应于设备当前构建高度下零件的截面。液体冲击颗粒材料并缓慢扩散到其中。
可溶性粘合剂将周围松散的不溶性颗粒物理结合在一起。最初,这种结合强度很低。
在下一步中,将构建平台降低一层厚度,并通过加热对该层进行额外加热。层成形、打印/曝光、加热和降低步骤仅在所需零件完成之前重复。
这个零件现在完全存在于粉末块中。在最后一步中,零件从松散的颗粒材料中释放出来。此外,可通过压缩空气清洁松散的粉末材料。
B.通过吸入空气,可以更快地干燥被未粘合的构建体包围的粘合构建体。
C.生产的零件仍然可以在烘箱中干燥,以进一步提高强度。表面处理后,零件可用于冷铸造或作为层压模具。
D.根据应用目的和要求的表面质量,使用不同平均粒径的不溶性颗粒材料和可溶性聚合物。例如,对于高表面质量,使用平均粒径为60μm-90μm的沙子和可溶性聚合物,允许选择150μm的极细层高度。d50=140μm-250μm的较粗颗粒仅允许250μm-400μm层高。这会产生更粗糙的表面。建造速度也受颗粒材料细度的影响。
下面显示了两个示例,一个是含有可溶成分的颗粒材料,一个是液体材料,以及生成零件的性能示例。
E.示例性颗粒材料:
例1:
由平均粒径为150μm(95%)的沙子和d50为190μm(5%)的沙子组成的颗粒材料在锥形螺旋混合器中混合1h,然后筛分(250μm网目尺寸)。
例2:
将由软木纤维(80%,例如
Figure BDA0003725613810000101
)和淀粉(20%)组成的颗粒材料在锥形螺旋混合器中混合1h,然后筛分(250μm网目尺寸)。
F.示例性打印液
示例性打印液(液体组分)的组合物
使用叶片混合器以300rpm的转速搅拌,将木质素磺酸盐(25%)部分添加到蒸馏水中(52%),并搅拌直到固体完全溶解。然后,麦芽糊精(12%)和葡萄糖(10%)也被分次添加,然后是苏芬醇(0.8%),最后是泽塔斯佩斯179(Zetasperse 179)(0.2%)。在以600rpm的转速搅拌另一小时后,过滤混合物(网目尺寸<1μm)(指定用量指混合物总量100%)。
G.示例性打印过程
在实际打印过程之前,构建平台上覆盖一层平均粒径为140μm的铸造砂,并使用红外辐射加热至表面温度90℃。然后进行逐层打印过程,根据构建数据,通过打印头引入打印液,引入量为颗粒材料质量的15%。
H.示例性后处理步骤(可选)
打印工作完成后,向成型箱施加负压1h,通过粉末块吸入环境空气并干燥零件。拆包和精加工后,零件的三点弯曲强度为210N/cm2,残余含水量为0.3%。在60%的最大相对湿度下,零件可以在不变形的情况下储存。
附图的进一步解释描述了本发明的各个方面:
图1显示了制备的水溶性芯(100)作为层压模具的使用,其周围已经有层压件(101)。树脂固化后,将模具置于水池(200)中,并用喷水器(202)额外冲洗。图2显示了溶解模具(300)。颗粒材料(301)的不溶性成分聚集在水池底部。可溶组分完全溶解后,层压件(400)仍然存在,并且仍然可以在水射流(401)下完全清洁(图3)。图4显示了清洁和干燥的层压件。图5显示了在冷铸造中的应用。首先,将水溶性模具(602)置于模具(601)中。浇铸材料,例如环氧树脂或混凝土(600)被倒入模具中。铸造材料固化后,通常在24h后,通过浸渍槽和/或喷水器(604),在温和条件下再次脱模型芯。干燥并与可溶部分混合后,剩余的不可溶材料可重新引入打印过程。因此,该工艺实现了高水平的成本效益,这是一个巨大的优势,尤其是在使用特殊沙时。

Claims (10)

1.一种适用于3D打印工艺或3D打印过程的材料系统,该材料系统包括颗粒材料和打印液,其中所述颗粒材料选自无机颗粒材料中的石英砂、橄榄石砂、角闪石、陶粒、陶瓷、金属粉末或有机颗粒材料中的木粉、淀粉或纤维素粉,颗粒材料未经处理,其中打印液为含水或水溶液并含木质素成分或其衍生物的液体,木质素衍生物优选木质素磺酸盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的材料系统,其中所述打印液包含极性有机或/和无机液体,即水和/或醇,其中所述材料系统还包含可溶性淀粉水解物麦芽糊精、葡萄糖,其中所述淀粉水解物的葡萄糖当量在1-50之间,优选在3-35之间,尤其优选在3到20之间,醇含量为0.5%-15%,优选在2%-10%,尤其优选在5%-8%之间,其中所述醇为简单醇、二元醇或多元醇或前述醇的混合物,其中所述打印液的粘度为2mPas-20mPas,优选5mPas-15mPas,尤其优选10mPas-14mPas。
3.根据权利要求1或2中任一所述的材料系统,其中所述打印液进一步包含表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠或Surfynol 465,并且其表面张力为20mN/m-50mN/m,优选25mN/m-40mN/m,尤其优选28mN/m-35mN/m,或/和包含来自硅氧烷或/和染料组的消泡剂,或/和其中打印液含有进一步的流变性和分散性添加剂
Figure FDA0003833260570000011
170、
Figure FDA0003833260570000012
179、
Figure FDA0003833260570000013
GA221、Surfynol AD01或缓蚀剂,其可改善所用组分的润湿性。
4.一种用于生产模塑件的3D打印工艺,所述工艺包括将颗粒材料混合物铺设到构建平面上、选择性涂覆打印液的步骤,其中所述打印液为含水或水溶液并含木质素成分或其衍生物的液体,木质素衍生物优选木质素磺酸盐,对于至少部分选择性固化,有选择地对构建场进行加温或向所应用的颗粒材料混合物中引入能量,优选地将其加温至30℃-60℃,更优选地将其加温至40℃-50℃,并对打印液进行加温,重复这些步骤,直到获得所需模塑件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的3D打印工艺,其中所获得的模塑件与所述非固化颗粒材料混合物分离,并且所述模塑件优选经受进一步的热处理步骤和/或微波辐射处理。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的3D打印工艺,其中所述颗粒材料混合物是通过铺粉器来铺设的,或/和其中,所述打印液与打印头一起选择性地涂覆,或/和其中,完成打印工艺后,在环境条件下将模塑件留在粉末床中4h-24h,优选8h-15h,更优选10h-11h。
7.根据权利要求4-6中任一权利要求所述的3D打印工艺,其中所述模塑件在打印工艺完成后通过整个非打印和打印区域吸入气体或气体混合物、优选环境空气,进行干燥和/或固化,其中吸入时间在打印结束后0h-24h,优选0h-12h,尤其优选在打印结束后直接进行,抽吸进行0.5-2h,优选进行1h,并且优选模塑件具有150N/cm2至200N/cm2的强度或/和其中,在附加步骤中,对模塑件进行热处理,优选将模塑件在30℃-160℃下存放0.5h-7h、更优选在50℃-140℃下存放1h-6h,其中优选在打印过程之前和/或期间和/或之后通过红外灯以支撑方式进行热处理,或其中,在附加步骤中,用微波辐射对模塑件进行处理,处理时间为2min-30min,优选2min-15min,尤其优选2min-10min。
8.根据权利要求4-7中任一权利要求所述的3D打印工艺,其中所述模塑件的表面进一步涂覆或密封。
9.根据权利要求4-8中任一权利要求所述的3D打印工艺,其中使用根据权利要求1-3中任一权利要求所述的材料系统。
10.权利要求1-3中任一项所述的材料系统在3D打印过程中的应用,或通过权利要求4-9中任一项所述3D打印工艺生产的模塑件,其中所述模塑件在环境条件下留在粉末床中4h-24h、优选8h-15h、尤其优选10h-11h,在打印方向上具有80N/cm2-150N/cm2的强度,并且在30℃-160℃下热处理1h-7h,优选在50℃-140℃下热处理4h-6h后,其强度大于200N/cm2,优选在180-250N/cm2,更优选240N/cm2;所述模塑件用于合成树脂或液态凝固系统的冷铸,或用作层压模具。
CN202080091374.2A 2019-11-01 2020-10-29 3d打印工艺和用木质素磺酸盐通过该工艺生产的模塑件 Pending CN115279712A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019007595.1A DE102019007595A1 (de) 2019-11-01 2019-11-01 3d-druckverfahren und damit hergestelltes formteil unter verwendung von ligninsulfat
DE102019007595.1 2019-11-01
PCT/DE2020/000263 WO2021083446A1 (de) 2019-11-01 2020-10-29 3d-druckverfahren und damit hergestelltes formteil unter verwendung von ligninsulfat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115279712A true CN115279712A (zh) 2022-11-01

Family

ID=73646029

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202080091374.2A Pending CN115279712A (zh) 2019-11-01 2020-10-29 3d打印工艺和用木质素磺酸盐通过该工艺生产的模塑件

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US11820076B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP4051652A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN115279712A (zh)
DE (1) DE102019007595A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2021083446A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019007595A1 (de) 2019-11-01 2021-05-06 Voxeljet Ag 3d-druckverfahren und damit hergestelltes formteil unter verwendung von ligninsulfat

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997008244A1 (de) * 1995-08-24 1997-03-06 F. Joh. Kwizda Gesellschaft Mbh Formstabile verpackungen
WO2013043908A1 (en) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-28 The Regents Of The University Of California 3d printing powder compositions and methods of use
CN105283281A (zh) * 2013-02-28 2016-01-27 沃克斯艾捷特股份有限公司 用于使用水溶性铸模制造模制部件的方法以及用于其制造的材料系统
US20190160531A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-05-30 Lg Chem, Ltd. 3d printing method
WO2019160405A1 (en) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-22 Concr3De B.V. Additive manufacturing of an inorganic geopolymer object

Family Cites Families (306)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4247508B1 (en) 1979-12-03 1996-10-01 Dtm Corp Molding process
DE3221357A1 (de) 1982-06-05 1983-12-08 Plasticonsult GmbH Beratungsgesellschaft für Kunststoff- und Oberflächentechnik, 6360 Friedberg Verfahren zur herstellung von formen und kernen fuer giesszwecke
US4665492A (en) 1984-07-02 1987-05-12 Masters William E Computer automated manufacturing process and system
US4575330A (en) 1984-08-08 1986-03-11 Uvp, Inc. Apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography
JPS62275734A (ja) 1986-05-26 1987-11-30 Tokieda Naomitsu 立体形成方法
US4752352A (en) 1986-06-06 1988-06-21 Michael Feygin Apparatus and method for forming an integral object from laminations
US5017753A (en) 1986-10-17 1991-05-21 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering
WO1988002677A2 (en) 1986-10-17 1988-04-21 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering
US4944817A (en) 1986-10-17 1990-07-31 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Multiple material systems for selective beam sintering
US5155324A (en) 1986-10-17 1992-10-13 Deckard Carl R Method for selective laser sintering with layerwise cross-scanning
US4752498A (en) 1987-03-02 1988-06-21 Fudim Efrem V Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by photosolidification
US5047182A (en) 1987-11-25 1991-09-10 Ceramics Process Systems Corporation Complex ceramic and metallic shaped by low pressure forming and sublimative drying
IL109511A (en) 1987-12-23 1996-10-16 Cubital Ltd Three-dimensional modelling apparatus
US5772947A (en) 1988-04-18 1998-06-30 3D Systems Inc Stereolithographic curl reduction
CA1337955C (en) 1988-09-26 1996-01-23 Thomas A. Almquist Recoating of stereolithographic layers
US5637175A (en) 1988-10-05 1997-06-10 Helisys Corporation Apparatus for forming an integral object from laminations
AU4504089A (en) 1988-10-05 1990-05-01 Michael Feygin An improved apparatus and method for forming an integral object from laminations
GB2233928B (en) 1989-05-23 1992-12-23 Brother Ind Ltd Apparatus and method for forming three-dimensional article
US5248456A (en) 1989-06-12 1993-09-28 3D Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for cleaning stereolithographically produced objects
US5134569A (en) 1989-06-26 1992-07-28 Masters William E System and method for computer automated manufacturing using fluent material
JPH0336019A (ja) 1989-07-03 1991-02-15 Brother Ind Ltd 三次元成形方法およびその装置
US5156697A (en) 1989-09-05 1992-10-20 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Selective laser sintering of parts by compound formation of precursor powders
AU643700B2 (en) 1989-09-05 1993-11-25 University Of Texas System, The Multiple material systems and assisted powder handling for selective beam sintering
US5284695A (en) 1989-09-05 1994-02-08 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method of producing high-temperature parts by way of low-temperature sintering
DE3930750A1 (de) 1989-09-14 1991-03-28 Krupp Medizintechnik Gusseinbettmasse, einbettmassenmodell, gussform und verfahren zur verhinderung des aufbluehens von einbettmassenmodellen und gussformen aus einer gusseinbettmasse
US5136515A (en) 1989-11-07 1992-08-04 Richard Helinski Method and means for constructing three-dimensional articles by particle deposition
US5387380A (en) 1989-12-08 1995-02-07 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Three-dimensional printing techniques
US5204055A (en) 1989-12-08 1993-04-20 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Three-dimensional printing techniques
DE3942859A1 (de) 1989-12-23 1991-07-04 Basf Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von bauteilen
US5127037A (en) 1990-08-15 1992-06-30 Bynum David K Apparatus for forming a three-dimensional reproduction of an object from laminations
US5126529A (en) 1990-12-03 1992-06-30 Weiss Lee E Method and apparatus for fabrication of three-dimensional articles by thermal spray deposition
DE4102260A1 (de) 1991-01-23 1992-07-30 Artos Med Produkte Vorrichtung zur herstellung beliebig geformter koerper
US5740051A (en) 1991-01-25 1998-04-14 Sanders Prototypes, Inc. 3-D model making
US6175422B1 (en) 1991-01-31 2001-01-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Method and apparatus for the computer-controlled manufacture of three-dimensional objects from computer data
US5252264A (en) 1991-11-08 1993-10-12 Dtm Corporation Apparatus and method for producing parts with multi-directional powder delivery
US5342919A (en) 1992-11-23 1994-08-30 Dtm Corporation Sinterable semi-crystalline powder and near-fully dense article formed therewith
US5352405A (en) 1992-12-18 1994-10-04 Dtm Corporation Thermal control of selective laser sintering via control of the laser scan
DE4300478C2 (de) 1993-01-11 1998-05-20 Eos Electro Optical Syst Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
US6146567A (en) 1993-02-18 2000-11-14 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Three dimensional printing methods
DE4305201C1 (de) 1993-02-19 1994-04-07 Eos Electro Optical Syst Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
US5433261A (en) 1993-04-30 1995-07-18 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Methods for fabricating shapes by use of organometallic, ceramic precursor binders
DE4325573C2 (de) 1993-07-30 1998-09-03 Stephan Herrmann Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Formkörpern durch sukzessiven Aufbau von Pulverschichten sowie Vorichtung zu dessen Durchführung
US5398193B1 (en) 1993-08-20 1997-09-16 Alfredo O Deangelis Method of three-dimensional rapid prototyping through controlled layerwise deposition/extraction and apparatus therefor
US5518680A (en) 1993-10-18 1996-05-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Tissue regeneration matrices by solid free form fabrication techniques
DE4400523C2 (de) 1994-01-11 1996-07-11 Eos Electro Optical Syst Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
US5518060A (en) 1994-01-25 1996-05-21 Brunswick Corporation Method of producing polymeric patterns for use in evaporable foam casting
DE59508261D1 (de) 1994-05-27 2000-06-08 Eos Electro Optical Syst Verfahren für den einsatz in der giessereitechnik
DE4440397C2 (de) 1994-11-11 2001-04-26 Eos Electro Optical Syst Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gußformen
US5503785A (en) 1994-06-02 1996-04-02 Stratasys, Inc. Process of support removal for fused deposition modeling
US6048954A (en) 1994-07-22 2000-04-11 The University Of Texas System Board Of Regents Binder compositions for laser sintering processes
US5639402A (en) 1994-08-08 1997-06-17 Barlow; Joel W. Method for fabricating artificial bone implant green parts
US5555176A (en) 1994-10-19 1996-09-10 Bpm Technology, Inc. Apparatus and method for making three-dimensional articles using bursts of droplets
US5717599A (en) 1994-10-19 1998-02-10 Bpm Technology, Inc. Apparatus and method for dispensing build material to make a three-dimensional article
GB9501987D0 (en) 1995-02-01 1995-03-22 Butterworth Steven Dissolved medium rendered resin (DMRR) processing
DE69621001T2 (de) 1995-02-01 2003-04-03 3D Systems Inc Schnelles glättungsverfahren für schichtweise hergestellte dreidimensionale gegenstände
DE19511772C2 (de) 1995-03-30 1997-09-04 Eos Electro Optical Syst Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes
DE29506204U1 (de) 1995-04-10 1995-06-01 Eos Electro Optical Syst Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes
DE19514740C1 (de) 1995-04-21 1996-04-11 Eos Electro Optical Syst Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes
DE19515165C2 (de) 1995-04-25 1997-03-06 Eos Electro Optical Syst Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Objektes mittels Stereolithographie
DE19528215A1 (de) 1995-08-01 1997-02-06 Thomas Dipl Ing Himmer Verfahren zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Modellen und Formen
DE19530295C1 (de) 1995-08-11 1997-01-30 Eos Electro Optical Syst Vorrichtung zur schichtweisen Herstellung eines Objektes mittels Lasersintern
US5943235A (en) 1995-09-27 1999-08-24 3D Systems, Inc. Rapid prototyping system and method with support region data processing
US6270335B2 (en) 1995-09-27 2001-08-07 3D Systems, Inc. Selective deposition modeling method and apparatus for forming three-dimensional objects and supports
US6305769B1 (en) 1995-09-27 2001-10-23 3D Systems, Inc. Selective deposition modeling system and method
US5749041A (en) 1995-10-13 1998-05-05 Dtm Corporation Method of forming three-dimensional articles using thermosetting materials
DE19545167A1 (de) 1995-12-04 1997-06-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen oder Werkzeugen
US5660621A (en) 1995-12-29 1997-08-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Binder composition for use in three dimensional printing
US6210625B1 (en) 1996-02-20 2001-04-03 Mikuni Corporation Method for producing granulated material
DE69622592T2 (de) 1996-03-06 2003-02-27 Guild Ass Inc Vorrichtung zum herstellen eines dreidimensionalen körpers
US6596224B1 (en) 1996-05-24 2003-07-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Jetting layers of powder and the formation of fine powder beds thereby
GB9611582D0 (en) 1996-06-04 1996-08-07 Thin Film Technology Consultan 3D printing and forming of structures
US5824250A (en) 1996-06-28 1998-10-20 Alliedsignal Inc. Gel cast molding with fugitive molds
US5902441A (en) 1996-09-04 1999-05-11 Z Corporation Method of three dimensional printing
US7332537B2 (en) 1996-09-04 2008-02-19 Z Corporation Three dimensional printing material system and method
US6007318A (en) 1996-12-20 1999-12-28 Z Corporation Method and apparatus for prototyping a three-dimensional object
US7037382B2 (en) 1996-12-20 2006-05-02 Z Corporation Three-dimensional printer
US6989115B2 (en) 1996-12-20 2006-01-24 Z Corporation Method and apparatus for prototyping a three-dimensional object
DE29701279U1 (de) 1997-01-27 1997-05-22 Eos Electro Optical Syst Vorrichtung mit einer Prozeßkammer und einem in der Prozeßkammer hin und her bewegbaren Element
AU735039B2 (en) 1997-03-31 2001-06-28 Therics, Inc. Method for dispensing of powders
US5940674A (en) 1997-04-09 1999-08-17 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Three-dimensional product manufacture using masks
DE19715582B4 (de) 1997-04-15 2009-02-12 Ederer, Ingo, Dr. Verfahren und System zur Erzeugung dreidimensionaler Körper aus Computerdaten
NL1006059C2 (nl) 1997-05-14 1998-11-17 Geest Adrianus F Van Der Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van een vormlichaam.
DE19723892C1 (de) 1997-06-06 1998-09-03 Rainer Hoechsmann Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen durch Auftragstechnik
DE19727677A1 (de) 1997-06-30 1999-01-07 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten
US5989476A (en) 1998-06-12 1999-11-23 3D Systems, Inc. Process of making a molded refractory article
JP3518726B2 (ja) 1998-07-13 2004-04-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 積層造形方法及び積層造形用レジン被覆砂
DE19846478C5 (de) 1998-10-09 2004-10-14 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Laser-Sintermaschine
US20030114936A1 (en) 1998-10-12 2003-06-19 Therics, Inc. Complex three-dimensional composite scaffold resistant to delimination
DE19853834A1 (de) 1998-11-21 2000-05-31 Ingo Ederer Verfahren zum Herstellen von Bauteilen durch Auftragstechnik
US6259962B1 (en) 1999-03-01 2001-07-10 Objet Geometries Ltd. Apparatus and method for three dimensional model printing
US6405095B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2002-06-11 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Rapid prototyping and tooling system
US6165406A (en) 1999-05-27 2000-12-26 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. 3-D color model making apparatus and process
DE19928245B4 (de) 1999-06-21 2006-02-09 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Einrichtung zum Zuführen von Pulver für eine Lasersintereinrichtung
US6722872B1 (en) 1999-06-23 2004-04-20 Stratasys, Inc. High temperature modeling apparatus
US6658314B1 (en) 1999-10-06 2003-12-02 Objet Geometries Ltd. System and method for three dimensional model printing
DE19948591A1 (de) 1999-10-08 2001-04-19 Generis Gmbh Rapid-Prototyping - Verfahren und - Vorrichtung
EP1415792B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2014-04-30 3D Systems Incorporated Methods and compositions for three-dimensional printing
CA2388046A1 (en) 1999-11-05 2001-05-17 Z Corporation Material systems and methods of three-dimensional printing
GB9927127D0 (en) 1999-11-16 2000-01-12 Univ Warwick A method of manufacturing an item and apparatus for manufacturing an item
DE19957370C2 (de) 1999-11-29 2002-03-07 Carl Johannes Fruth Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten eines Substrates
TWI228114B (en) 1999-12-24 2005-02-21 Nat Science Council Method and equipment for making ceramic work piece
DE19963948A1 (de) 1999-12-31 2001-07-26 Zsolt Herbak Verfahren zum Modellbau
US7300619B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2007-11-27 Objet Geometries Ltd. Compositions and methods for use in three dimensional model printing
WO2001072502A1 (en) 2000-03-24 2001-10-04 Generis Gmbh Method for manufacturing a structural part by deposition technique
US20010050031A1 (en) 2000-04-14 2001-12-13 Z Corporation Compositions for three-dimensional printing of solid objects
JP2001334583A (ja) 2000-05-25 2001-12-04 Minolta Co Ltd 三次元造形装置
DE10026955A1 (de) 2000-05-30 2001-12-13 Daimler Chrysler Ag Materialsystem zur Verwendung beim 3D-Drucken
SE520565C2 (sv) 2000-06-16 2003-07-29 Ivf Industriforskning Och Utve Sätt och apparat vid framställning av föremål genom FFF
US6619882B2 (en) 2000-07-10 2003-09-16 Rh Group Llc Method and apparatus for sealing cracks in roads
US6500378B1 (en) 2000-07-13 2002-12-31 Eom Technologies, L.L.C. Method and apparatus for creating three-dimensional objects by cross-sectional lithography
DE10047615A1 (de) 2000-09-26 2002-04-25 Generis Gmbh Wechselbehälter
DE10047614C2 (de) 2000-09-26 2003-03-27 Generis Gmbh Vorrichtung zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
DE10049043A1 (de) 2000-10-04 2002-05-02 Generis Gmbh Verfahren zum Entpacken von in ungebundenem Partikelmaterial eingebetteten Formkörpern
DE10053741C1 (de) 2000-10-30 2002-02-21 Concept Laser Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Sintern, Abtragen und/oder Beschriften mittels elektromagnetischer gebündelter Strahlung
US20020111707A1 (en) 2000-12-20 2002-08-15 Zhimin Li Droplet deposition method for rapid formation of 3-D objects from non-cross-linking reactive polymers
US20020090410A1 (en) 2001-01-11 2002-07-11 Shigeaki Tochimoto Powder material removing apparatus and three dimensional modeling system
US6896839B2 (en) 2001-02-07 2005-05-24 Minolta Co., Ltd. Three-dimensional molding apparatus and three-dimensional molding method
DE10105504A1 (de) 2001-02-07 2002-08-14 Eos Electro Optical Syst Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Pulver für eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts, Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
DE20122639U1 (de) 2001-02-07 2006-11-16 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
GB0103754D0 (en) 2001-02-15 2001-04-04 Vantico Ltd Three-dimensional structured printing
GB0103752D0 (en) 2001-02-15 2001-04-04 Vantico Ltd Three-Dimensional printing
US6939489B2 (en) 2001-03-23 2005-09-06 Ivoclar Vivadent Ag Desktop process for producing dental products by means of 3-dimensional plotting
DE10117875C1 (de) 2001-04-10 2003-01-30 Generis Gmbh Verfahren, Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Fluiden sowie Verwendung einer solchen Vorrichtung
US20020155254A1 (en) 2001-04-20 2002-10-24 Mcquate William M. Apparatus and method for placing particles in a pattern onto a substrate
GB0112675D0 (en) 2001-05-24 2001-07-18 Vantico Ltd Three-dimensional structured printing
DE10128664A1 (de) 2001-06-15 2003-01-30 Univ Clausthal Tech Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von keramischen Formförpern
JP2003052804A (ja) 2001-08-09 2003-02-25 Ichiro Ono インプラントの製造方法およびインプラント
US6841116B2 (en) 2001-10-03 2005-01-11 3D Systems, Inc. Selective deposition modeling with curable phase change materials
JP2003136605A (ja) 2001-11-06 2003-05-14 Toshiba Corp 製品の作成方法及びその製品
GB2382798A (en) 2001-12-04 2003-06-11 Qinetiq Ltd Inkjet printer which deposits at least two fluids on a substrate such that the fluids react chemically to form a product thereon
SE523394C2 (sv) 2001-12-13 2004-04-13 Fcubic Ab Anordning och förfarande för upptäckt och kompensering av fel vid skiktvis framställning av en produkt
US6713125B1 (en) 2002-03-13 2004-03-30 3D Systems, Inc. Infiltration of three-dimensional objects formed by solid freeform fabrication
DE10216013B4 (de) 2002-04-11 2006-12-28 Generis Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Fluiden
DE10222167A1 (de) 2002-05-20 2003-12-04 Generis Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Fluiden
DE10224981B4 (de) 2002-06-05 2004-08-19 Generis Gmbh Verfahren zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
DE10227224B4 (de) 2002-06-18 2005-11-24 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verwendung eines Granulates zum Herstellen eines Gegenstandes mit einem 3D-Binderdruck-Verfahren
US7431987B2 (en) 2002-06-18 2008-10-07 Daimler Ag Core-shell particles having non-polar outer surface and methods for producing a three-dimensional object from the particles
US20060159896A1 (en) 2002-06-18 2006-07-20 Rolf Pfeifer Laser sintering method with increased process precision, and particles used for the same
US6986654B2 (en) 2002-07-03 2006-01-17 Therics, Inc. Apparatus, systems and methods for use in three-dimensional printing
DE10235434A1 (de) 2002-08-02 2004-02-12 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eins dreidimensionalen Objekts mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens
US20040038009A1 (en) 2002-08-21 2004-02-26 Leyden Richard Noel Water-based material systems and methods for 3D printing
JP4069245B2 (ja) 2002-08-27 2008-04-02 富田製薬株式会社 造形法
US7087109B2 (en) 2002-09-25 2006-08-08 Z Corporation Three dimensional printing material system and method
US20040112523A1 (en) 2002-10-15 2004-06-17 Crom Elden Wendell Three dimensional printing from two dimensional printing devices
US6742456B1 (en) 2002-11-14 2004-06-01 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Rapid prototyping material systems
US7153454B2 (en) 2003-01-21 2006-12-26 University Of Southern California Multi-nozzle assembly for extrusion of wall
US7497977B2 (en) 2003-01-29 2009-03-03 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Methods and systems for producing an object through solid freeform fabrication by varying a concentration of ejected material applied to an object layer
JP4629654B2 (ja) 2003-02-18 2011-02-09 ダイムラー・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 積層造形法による三次元体製造のためのコーティングされた粉末粒子
DE602004023667D1 (de) 2003-03-10 2009-12-03 Kuraray Co Binderfasern aus polyvinylalkohol und diese fasern enthaltendes papier und vliesstoff
ES2376237T3 (es) 2003-05-21 2012-03-12 Z Corporation Sistema de material en polvo termopl�?stico para modelos de apariencia a partir de sistemas de impresión en 3d.
WO2004106041A2 (en) 2003-05-23 2004-12-09 Z Corporation Apparatus and methods for 3d printing
US7435072B2 (en) 2003-06-02 2008-10-14 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Methods and systems for producing an object through solid freeform fabrication
US7807077B2 (en) 2003-06-16 2010-10-05 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Methods and systems for the manufacture of layered three-dimensional forms
DE10327272A1 (de) 2003-06-17 2005-03-03 Generis Gmbh Verfahren zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
US20050012247A1 (en) 2003-07-18 2005-01-20 Laura Kramer Systems and methods for using multi-part curable materials
GB0317387D0 (en) 2003-07-25 2003-08-27 Univ Loughborough Method and apparatus for combining particulate material
US7120512B2 (en) 2003-08-25 2006-10-10 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Method and a system for solid freeform fabricating using non-reactive powder
US20050074511A1 (en) 2003-10-03 2005-04-07 Christopher Oriakhi Solid free-form fabrication of solid three-dimesional objects
US7220380B2 (en) 2003-10-14 2007-05-22 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. System and method for fabricating a three-dimensional metal object using solid free-form fabrication
US7348075B2 (en) 2003-10-28 2008-03-25 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. System and method for fabricating three-dimensional objects using solid free-form fabrication
US7455805B2 (en) 2003-10-28 2008-11-25 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Resin-modified inorganic phosphate cement for solid freeform fabrication
US7381360B2 (en) 2003-11-03 2008-06-03 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Solid free-form fabrication of three-dimensional objects
FR2865960B1 (fr) 2004-02-06 2006-05-05 Nicolas Marsac Procede et machine pour realiser des objets en trois dimensions par depot de couches successives
US7608672B2 (en) 2004-02-12 2009-10-27 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Infiltrant system for rapid prototyping process
DE102004008168B4 (de) 2004-02-19 2015-12-10 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen von Fluiden und Verwendung der Vorrichtung
DE102004014806B4 (de) 2004-03-24 2006-09-14 Daimlerchrysler Ag Rapid-Technologie-Bauteil
US7435763B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2008-10-14 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Solid freeform compositions, methods of application thereof, and systems for use thereof
WO2005097476A2 (en) 2004-04-02 2005-10-20 Z Corporation Methods and apparatus for 3d printing
DE102004020452A1 (de) 2004-04-27 2005-12-01 Degussa Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten mittels elektromagnetischer Strahlung und Auftragen eines Absorbers per Inkjet-Verfahren
DE102004025374A1 (de) 2004-05-24 2006-02-09 Technische Universität Berlin Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Artikels
JP4239915B2 (ja) 2004-07-16 2009-03-18 セイコーエプソン株式会社 マイクロレンズの製造方法およびマイクロレンズの製造装置
ITMI20050459A1 (it) 2005-03-21 2006-09-22 Montangero & Montangero S R L Dispositivo di movimentazione al suolo di un corpo
ITPI20050031A1 (it) 2005-03-22 2006-09-23 Moreno Chiarugi Metodo e dispositivo per la realizzazione automatica di strutture di edifici in conglomerato
US7357629B2 (en) 2005-03-23 2008-04-15 3D Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for aligning a removable build chamber within a process chamber
US7790096B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2010-09-07 3D Systems, Inc. Thermal management system for a removable build chamber for use with a laser sintering system
US20080003390A1 (en) 2005-04-27 2008-01-03 Nahoto Hayashi Multi-Layer Structure and Process for Production Thereof
DE102005022308B4 (de) 2005-05-13 2007-03-22 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts mit einem beheizten Beschichter für pulverförmiges Aufbaumaterial
US20060257579A1 (en) 2005-05-13 2006-11-16 Isaac Farr Use of a salt of a poly-acid to delay setting in cement slurry
US20060254467A1 (en) 2005-05-13 2006-11-16 Isaac Farr Method for making spray-dried cement particles
WO2007024856A2 (en) 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Valspar Sourcing, Inc. Infiltrated articles prepared by laser sintering method and method of manufacturing the same
CA2622617A1 (en) 2005-09-20 2007-04-12 Pts Software Bv An apparatus for building a three-dimensional article and a method for building a three-dimensional article
DE102006040305A1 (de) 2005-09-20 2007-03-29 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dreidimensionalen Gegenstandes sowie damit hergestellter Gegenstand
US7296990B2 (en) 2005-10-14 2007-11-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Systems and methods of solid freeform fabrication with translating powder bins
DE102005056260B4 (de) 2005-11-25 2008-12-18 Prometal Rct Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum flächigen Auftragen von fließfähigem Material
US20070126157A1 (en) 2005-12-02 2007-06-07 Z Corporation Apparatus and methods for removing printed articles from a 3-D printer
EP1974838A4 (en) 2005-12-27 2010-11-17 Tomita Pharma METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PATTERN
EP2001656B1 (en) 2006-04-06 2014-10-15 3D Systems Incorporated KiT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS BY USE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
US7979152B2 (en) 2006-05-26 2011-07-12 Z Corporation Apparatus and methods for handling materials in a 3-D printer
DE102006029298B4 (de) 2006-06-23 2008-11-06 Stiftung Caesar Center Of Advanced European Studies And Research Materialsystem für das 3D-Drucken, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung, Granulat hergestellt aus dem Materialsystem und dessen Verwendung
DE102006030350A1 (de) 2006-06-30 2008-01-03 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Schichtenkörpers
US20080018018A1 (en) 2006-07-20 2008-01-24 Nielsen Jeffrey A Solid freeform fabrication methods and systems
EP2049289B1 (en) 2006-07-27 2014-04-30 Arcam Ab Method and device for producing three-dimensional objects
DE102006038858A1 (de) 2006-08-20 2008-02-21 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Selbstaushärtendes Material und Verfahren zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
DE102006040182A1 (de) 2006-08-26 2008-03-06 Mht Mold & Hotrunner Technology Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen Vorformlings sowie Düse hierfür
DE202006016477U1 (de) 2006-10-24 2006-12-21 Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes
DE102006053121B3 (de) 2006-11-10 2007-12-27 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes mittels eines Beschichters für pulverförmiges Aufbaumaterial
DE102006055326A1 (de) 2006-11-23 2008-05-29 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Förderung von überschüssigem Partikelmaterial beim Aufbau von Modellen
EP2664442B1 (en) 2006-12-08 2018-02-14 3D Systems Incorporated Three dimensional printing material system
WO2008086033A1 (en) 2007-01-10 2008-07-17 Z Corporation Three-dimensional printing material system with improved color, article performance, and ease of use
JP4869155B2 (ja) 2007-05-30 2012-02-08 株式会社東芝 物品の製造方法
DE102007033434A1 (de) 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Bauteile
US20100279007A1 (en) 2007-08-14 2010-11-04 The Penn State Research Foundation 3-D Printing of near net shape products
DE102007040755A1 (de) 2007-08-28 2009-03-05 Jens Jacob Lasersintervorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen von dreidimensionalen Objekten durch selektives Lasersintern
ITPI20070108A1 (it) 2007-09-17 2009-03-18 Enrico Dini Metodo perfezionato per la realizzazione automatica di strutture di conglomerato
DE102007047326B4 (de) 2007-10-02 2011-08-25 CL Schutzrechtsverwaltungs GmbH, 96215 Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes
DE102007049058A1 (de) 2007-10-11 2009-04-16 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Materialsystem und Verfahren zum Verändern von Eigenschaften eines Kunststoffbauteils
DE102007050679A1 (de) 2007-10-21 2009-04-23 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fördern von Partikelmaterial beim schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
DE102007050953A1 (de) 2007-10-23 2009-04-30 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
JP5146010B2 (ja) 2008-02-28 2013-02-20 東レ株式会社 セラミックス成形体の製造方法およびこれを用いたセラミックス焼結体の製造方法
US9636870B2 (en) 2008-05-26 2017-05-02 Sony Corporation Modeling apparatus and modeling method
DE102008058378A1 (de) 2008-11-20 2010-05-27 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Kunststoffmodellen
EP2191922B1 (de) 2008-11-27 2011-01-05 MTT Technologies GmbH Träger- und Pulverauftragsvorrichtung für eine Anlage zur Herstellung von Werkstücken durch Beaufschlagen von Pulverschichten mit elektromagnetischer Strahlung oder Teilchenstrahlung
EP2226683A1 (en) 2009-03-06 2010-09-08 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Illumination system for use in a stereolithography apparatus
US8545209B2 (en) 2009-03-31 2013-10-01 Microjet Technology Co., Ltd. Three-dimensional object forming apparatus and method for forming three-dimensional object
JP5364439B2 (ja) 2009-05-15 2013-12-11 パナソニック株式会社 三次元形状造形物の製造方法
DE102009030113A1 (de) 2009-06-22 2010-12-23 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Fluiden beim schichtweisen Bauen von Modellen
US20100323301A1 (en) 2009-06-23 2010-12-23 Huey-Ru Tang Lee Method and apparatus for making three-dimensional parts
EP2289462B1 (de) 2009-08-25 2012-05-30 BEGO Medical GmbH Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen, generativen Fertigung
DE102009055966B4 (de) 2009-11-27 2014-05-15 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102009056696B4 (de) 2009-12-02 2011-11-10 Prometal Rct Gmbh Baubox für eine Rapid-Prototyping-Anlage
US8211226B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2012-07-03 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Cement-based materials system for producing ferrous castings using a three-dimensional printer
DE102010006939A1 (de) 2010-02-04 2011-08-04 Voxeljet Technology GmbH, 86167 Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102010013732A1 (de) 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102010013733A1 (de) 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102010014969A1 (de) 2010-04-14 2011-10-20 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102010015451A1 (de) 2010-04-17 2011-10-20 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Objekte
DE102010027071A1 (de) 2010-07-13 2012-01-19 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle mittels Schichtauftragstechnik
US8282380B2 (en) 2010-08-18 2012-10-09 Makerbot Industries Automated 3D build processes
DE102010056346A1 (de) 2010-12-29 2012-07-05 Technische Universität München Verfahren zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
DE102011007957A1 (de) 2011-01-05 2012-07-05 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbauen eines Schichtenkörpers mit wenigstens einem das Baufeld begrenzenden und hinsichtlich seiner Lage einstellbaren Körper
US9757801B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2017-09-12 Bam Bundesanstalt Für Material Forschung Und Prüfung Method for producing a moulded body and device
DE102011105688A1 (de) 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Hüttenes-Albertus Chemische Werke GmbH Verfahren zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
JP2013049137A (ja) 2011-08-30 2013-03-14 Sony Corp 除粉装置、造形システム及び造形物の製造方法
DE102011111498A1 (de) 2011-08-31 2013-02-28 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum schichtweisen Aufbau von Modellen
DE102011053205B4 (de) 2011-09-01 2017-05-24 Exone Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen eines bauteils in ablagerungstechnik
DE102011119338A1 (de) 2011-11-26 2013-05-29 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh System zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102012004213A1 (de) 2012-03-06 2013-09-12 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle
DE102012010272A1 (de) 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle mit speziellen Bauplattformen und Antriebssystemen
DE102012012363A1 (de) 2012-06-22 2013-12-24 Voxeljet Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Aufbauen eines Schichtenkörpers mit entlang des Austragbehälters bewegbarem Vorrats- oder Befüllbehälter
US9168697B2 (en) 2012-08-16 2015-10-27 Stratasys, Inc. Additive manufacturing system with extended printing volume, and methods of use thereof
US8888480B2 (en) 2012-09-05 2014-11-18 Aprecia Pharmaceuticals Company Three-dimensional printing system and equipment assembly
DE102012020000A1 (de) 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Mehrstufenverfahren
DE102013004940A1 (de) 2012-10-15 2014-04-17 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von dreidimensionalen Modellen mit temperiertem Druckkopf
DE102012022859A1 (de) 2012-11-25 2014-05-28 Voxeljet Ag Aufbau eines 3D-Druckgerätes zur Herstellung von Bauteilen
DE102012024266A1 (de) 2012-12-12 2014-06-12 Voxeljet Ag Reinigungsvorrichtung zum Entfernen von an Bauteilen oder Modellen anhaftendem Pulver
US9403725B2 (en) 2013-03-12 2016-08-02 University Of Southern California Inserting inhibitor to create part boundary isolation during 3D printing
DE102013005855A1 (de) 2013-04-08 2014-10-09 Voxeljet Ag Materialsystem und Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Modelle mit stabilisiertem Binder
DE102013018182A1 (de) 2013-10-30 2015-04-30 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von dreidimensionalen Modellen mit Bindersystem
DE102013019716A1 (de) 2013-11-27 2015-05-28 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Druckverfahren mit Schlicker
DE102013018031A1 (de) 2013-12-02 2015-06-03 Voxeljet Ag Wechselbehälter mit verfahrbarer Seitenwand
DE102013020491A1 (de) 2013-12-11 2015-06-11 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Infiltrationsverfahren
DE102013021091A1 (de) 2013-12-18 2015-06-18 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Druckverfahren mit Schnelltrockenschritt
EP2886307A1 (de) 2013-12-20 2015-06-24 Voxeljet AG Vorrichtung, Spezialpapier und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formteilen
DE102013021891A1 (de) 2013-12-23 2015-06-25 Voxeljet Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren mit beschleunigter Verfahrensführung für 3D-Druckverfahren
JP6298169B2 (ja) 2014-01-16 2018-03-20 ヒューレット−パッカード デベロップメント カンパニー エル.ピー.Hewlett‐Packard Development Company, L.P. 構築材料プロファイル
DE102014004692A1 (de) 2014-03-31 2015-10-15 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung für den 3D-Druck mit klimatisierter Verfahrensführung
US10471698B2 (en) 2014-04-30 2019-11-12 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Computational model and three-dimensional (3D) printing methods
DE102014007584A1 (de) 2014-05-26 2015-11-26 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Umkehrdruckverfahren und Vorrichtung
US20160001506A1 (en) * 2014-07-02 2016-01-07 Seiko Epson Corporation Method of manufacturing three-dimensional structure, three-dimensional structure, and three-dimension formation composition
CN106573294B (zh) 2014-08-02 2021-01-01 沃克斯艾捷特股份有限公司 方法和具体地用于冷铸造方法的铸造模具
DE102014011544A1 (de) 2014-08-08 2016-02-11 Voxeljet Ag Druckkopf und seine Verwendung
DE102014014895A1 (de) 2014-10-13 2016-04-14 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Bauteilen in einem Schichtbauverfahren
EP3202534B1 (en) 2014-12-08 2024-05-01 Sintokogio, Ltd. Polishing device and polishing method
DE102014018579A1 (de) 2014-12-17 2016-06-23 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Formteile und Einstellen des Feuchtegehaltes im Baumaterial
DE102015006533A1 (de) 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Schichtaufbautechnik
US20160236422A1 (en) 2015-02-13 2016-08-18 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Device and method for removing powder and apparatus for fabricating three-dimensional object
DE102015003372A1 (de) 2015-03-17 2016-09-22 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Doppelrecoater
EP3230383B1 (en) 2015-04-24 2024-02-28 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Detailing agent for three-dimensional (3d) printing
CN107250972B (zh) 2015-04-24 2020-07-03 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 确定用于3d打印的半色调机制
EP3271146B1 (en) 2015-05-15 2021-06-30 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Coalescing agent concentrations and contone densities for three-dimensional objects
DE102015006363A1 (de) 2015-05-20 2016-12-15 Voxeljet Ag Phenolharzverfahren
JP2016215641A (ja) 2015-05-22 2016-12-22 キヤノン株式会社 立体造形装置及び積層造形方法
DE102015008860A1 (de) 2015-07-14 2017-01-19 Voxeljet Ag Vorrichtung zum Justieren eines Druckkopfes
FR3039437B1 (fr) 2015-07-30 2021-12-24 Michelin & Cie Procede de nettoyage a sec de plateaux de fabrication additive
DE102015011790A1 (de) 2015-09-16 2017-03-16 Voxeljet Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Formteile
JP2018535310A (ja) 2015-09-16 2018-11-29 アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッドApplied Materials,Incorporated 付加製造システムのためのプリントヘッドモジュール
US20170080607A1 (en) 2015-09-18 2017-03-23 Richard Sahara Angled light source with uniform broad area illumination
DE102015013167B4 (de) 2015-10-09 2018-05-03 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Bearbeiten von glänzenden Lackoberflächen
DE102015014964A1 (de) 2015-11-20 2017-05-24 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung für 3D-Druck mit engem Wellenlängenspektrum
DE102015015353A1 (de) 2015-12-01 2017-06-01 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Bauteilen mittels Überschussmengensensor
DE102015016464B4 (de) 2015-12-21 2024-04-25 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen
DE102016002777A1 (de) 2016-03-09 2017-09-14 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Baufeldwerkzeugen
EP3429825B1 (en) 2016-05-12 2021-03-03 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Temperature correction via print agent application
DE202016003042U1 (de) 2016-05-15 2016-07-11 Solukon Ingenieure GbR (vertretungsberechtigte Gesellschafter: Andreas Hartmann, 86391 Stadtbergen und Dominik Schmid, 86165 Augsburg) Vorrichtung zum Entfernen und Überprüfen von Partikelmaterialresten in Bauteilen mit verwinkelten Öffnungen
CN106187056B (zh) 2016-06-13 2018-05-29 郭琳琳 一种用于3d打印技术的无机成型材料及制备方法
EP3257607A1 (en) 2016-06-13 2017-12-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for additive manufacturing and use of the apparatus
DE102016115846A1 (de) 2016-08-25 2018-03-01 Cl Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh Anlage zur additiven Herstellung dreidimensionaler Objekte
DE102016013610A1 (de) 2016-11-15 2018-05-17 Voxeljet Ag Intregierte Druckkopfwartungsstation für das pulverbettbasierte 3D-Drucken
DE102017200773A1 (de) 2017-01-18 2018-07-19 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Verfahren zum Nachbehandeln und Nachbehandlungssytem
US10406751B2 (en) 2017-04-14 2019-09-10 Desktop Metal, Inc. Automated de-powdering with level based nesting
DE102017006860A1 (de) 2017-07-21 2019-01-24 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mit Spektrumswandler
WO2019027404A1 (en) 2017-07-29 2019-02-07 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. CLEANING PARTS
TWI657914B (zh) 2017-11-24 2019-05-01 國家中山科學研究院 Multilayer manufacturing heating module and its application
CN108484041A (zh) 2018-04-10 2018-09-04 深圳市明远建筑科技有限公司 一种基于3d打印水泥基无机胶凝材料及其制备方法
GB201808639D0 (en) 2018-05-25 2018-07-11 Additive Manufacturing Tech Ltd Additive manufacturing
DE102018006473A1 (de) 2018-08-16 2020-02-20 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen durch Schichtaufbautechnik mittels Verschlussvorrichtung
JP7119889B2 (ja) * 2018-10-22 2022-08-17 セイコーエプソン株式会社 三次元造形物の製造装置及び三次元造形物の製造方法
DE102019000796A1 (de) 2019-02-05 2020-08-06 Voxeljet Ag Wechselbare Prozesseinheit
CN110142580B (zh) 2019-05-31 2020-08-14 河源龙记金属制品有限公司 模板加工程式串联生成方法及模板的加工方法
DE102019004122A1 (de) 2019-06-13 2020-12-17 Loramendi, S.Coop. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen durch Schichtaufbautechnik unter Verwendung einer Kernreinigungsstation
DE102019004176A1 (de) 2019-06-14 2020-12-17 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mittels Schichtaufbautechnik und Beschichter mit Unterdruckverschluss
DE102019004955A1 (de) 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von 3D-Formteilen mit variablen Zieleigenschaften der gedruckten Bildpunkte
DE102019007073A1 (de) 2019-10-11 2021-04-15 Voxeljet Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von 3D-Formteilen mittels Hochleistungsstrahler
DE102019007595A1 (de) 2019-11-01 2021-05-06 Voxeljet Ag 3d-druckverfahren und damit hergestelltes formteil unter verwendung von ligninsulfat
DE102019007863A1 (de) 2019-11-13 2021-05-20 Voxeljet Ag Partikelmaterialvorwärmvorrichtung und Verwendung in 3D-Verfahren
DE102019007982A1 (de) 2019-11-18 2021-05-20 Voxeljet Ag 3D-Druckvorrichtung mit vorteilhafter Strahlereinheit und Verfahren

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997008244A1 (de) * 1995-08-24 1997-03-06 F. Joh. Kwizda Gesellschaft Mbh Formstabile verpackungen
WO2013043908A1 (en) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-28 The Regents Of The University Of California 3d printing powder compositions and methods of use
CN105283281A (zh) * 2013-02-28 2016-01-27 沃克斯艾捷特股份有限公司 用于使用水溶性铸模制造模制部件的方法以及用于其制造的材料系统
US20190160531A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-05-30 Lg Chem, Ltd. 3d printing method
WO2019160405A1 (en) * 2018-02-15 2019-08-22 Concr3De B.V. Additive manufacturing of an inorganic geopolymer object

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2021083446A1 (de) 2021-05-06
US20240083110A1 (en) 2024-03-14
EP4051652A1 (de) 2022-09-07
US11820076B2 (en) 2023-11-21
DE102019007595A1 (de) 2021-05-06
US20220371267A1 (en) 2022-11-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4069245B2 (ja) 造形法
US10913207B2 (en) 3D reverse printing method and device
US10343301B2 (en) Process for producing a moulding using a water-soluble casting mould and material system for the production thereof
KR102310916B1 (ko) 슬립을 이용하는 3d 프린팅 방법
KR102021406B1 (ko) 성형체를 제조하기 위한 방법 및 장치
US20160023375A1 (en) Slip mixture for 3d printed molds and 3d printing ceramic material
US20140339745A1 (en) Molds for ceramic casting
WO2018023833A1 (zh) 一种基于3d打印技术的金属铸造件制备方法
WO2015141782A1 (ja) プリントヘッドユニット、三次元積層造形装置、三次元積層造形方法および造形物
US20240083110A1 (en) 3d printing process and molding produced by this process using lignosulfate
CN108339942A (zh) 一种水溶型芯的微波固化成型系统
CN108296449B (zh) 一种水溶盐芯的微波固化成形系统
JP2003001368A (ja) 積層造形方法及び積層造形品
CN108515147B (zh) 一种红外线预固化水溶盐芯的快速成形方法
CN108555226B (zh) 一种水溶型芯的添加剂的制备方法
JP6841695B2 (ja) 積層鋳型の改良された製造方法
CN108500215A (zh) 一种微波固化水溶型芯的快速成形方法
WO2021209423A1 (de) VERFAHREN UNTER VERWENDUNG EINES ANORGANISCHEN BINDERS FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON AUSGEHÄRTETEN DREIDIMENSIONAL GESCHICHTETEN FORMKÖRPERN FÜR GIEßEREIKERNE UND -FORMEN
US20210370388A1 (en) Tool-less method for making molds, cores, and temporary tools
WO2022247977A1 (de) 3d-druckverfahren und damit hergestelltes formteil unter verwendung von wasserglasbinder und ester
CN108500201A (zh) 一种水溶型芯的添加剂及其使用方法
CN108500216B (zh) 一种红外线预固化水溶型芯的快速成形方法
KR101657022B1 (ko) 정밀 주조용 주형 및 그 제조 방법
JP2011143475A (ja) 堆積法によるパーツ作製方法
JPH0469844B2 (zh)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination