CN115176574A - Method for determining nitrogen application amount and nitrogen reduction effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer for rice in rice and shrimp co-cropping mode - Google Patents
Method for determining nitrogen application amount and nitrogen reduction effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer for rice in rice and shrimp co-cropping mode Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003501 co-culture Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002582 Oryza sativa Indica Group Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical group [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining nitrogen application amount of a rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen reduction effect of a conventional nitrogen fertilizer in a rice and shrimp co-culture mode. The method can improve the rice nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of the rice and shrimp co-culture mode and reduce the nitrogen fertilizer consumption, thereby optimizing the rice nitrogen fertilizer operation of the rice and shrimp co-culture mode and solving the blindness of nitrogen fertilizer application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice nitrogen fertilizer application, and particularly relates to a method for determining nitrogen application amount and nitrogen reduction effect of a rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer in a rice and shrimp combined cropping mode.
Background
Under the situation of actively advocating combination of planting and breeding, the combination of aquatic crop planting and aquatic product culture becomes the mainstream direction, and the rice planting and the procambarus clarkia culture are carried forward in a mode of 'rice and shrimp joint cropping'. In the rice and shrimp co-farming mode, the procambarus clarkii is bred in the manner of digging the surrounding ditches in the rice field, the ditches are communicated during the growth period of rice, and the rice and the shrimps are symbiotic, so that the dual purposes of one water and one field are realized, and the utilization rate and the output benefit of farmland resources are effectively improved.
The same as the conventional rice planting mode, the rice yield under the rice and shrimp co-cropping mode depends on the nitrogen fertilizer input. However, the operation management of the rice nitrogen fertilizer in the rice and shrimp joint cropping mode production still refers to the conventional rice planting mode, the type and the nitrogen application amount of the rice nitrogen fertilizer suitable for the mode are not clear, and the problem of reduction of the utilization rate of the rice nitrogen fertilizer is caused. The method creates favorable conditions for the growth of the procambarus clarkii in the growth period of the rice, the rice and shrimp joint cropping mode is deeper submerged and longer in the flooding period compared with the conventional rice planting field, and the rice nitrogen fertilizer is usually applied once. On the one hand, the soil submergence is aggravated, the absorption of the root growth to the nitrogen fertilizer is not facilitated, and on the other hand, the risk of the leaching loss of the nitrogen fertilizer is increased.
The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer for crops can be improved by applying a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increasing the fertilizing depth, but the utilization rate is limited by higher production cost of manpower, machinery and the like. In recent years, slow-release nitrogen fertilizers which utilize chemical and biological elements to slowly release nitrogen so as to meet the growth requirements of crops are rapidly developed and applied. The slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application in the conventional rice planting mode can simplify the fertilization, reduce the nitrogen fertilizer loss and improve the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, and researches on the yellowness, tangy and the like (2018), the Ding and the like (2020) and the Zhang jin Nu and the like (2021) find that the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application still can ensure that the yield of rice is not reduced by directly reducing the nitrogen application amount by 12-23 percent, but the rice nitrogen reduction effect of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is accurately determined by the linear relation between the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount, and the result accuracy needs to be improved.
The flooding environment of the rice and shrimp combined mode is intensified, the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer can be used for replacing the conventional nitrogen fertilizer to reduce the loss of the nitrogen fertilizer, but the nitrogen reduction effect of the rice is different from that of the conventional rice planting mode, and the nitrogen reduction effect of the rice is required to be accurately determined through research. Based on the reasons, the linear relation between the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer in the rice and shrimp co-operation mode needs to be researched, the nitrogen application amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and the nitrogen reduction effect of the nitrogen application amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer compared with the conventional nitrogen fertilizer are accurately determined, a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application strategy for reducing the nitrogen application amount of rice in the rice and shrimp co-operation mode is integrated, and the rice nitrogen fertilizer operation optimization in the rice and shrimp co-operation mode is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application method for reducing the rice nitrogen fertilizer dosage in a rice and shrimp co-operation mode, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The invention provides a method for determining nitrogen application amount of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer for rice in a rice and shrimp co-culture mode, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
under the condition that phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied according to conventional production, different nitrogen application amounts of a conventional nitrogen fertilizer are sequentially set from low to high: F. f + G, F +2G, F +3Gkg N/hm 2 Wherein F =0, G is more than or equal to 75 and less than or equal to 100, a corresponding one-dimensional quadratic equation A1 is obtained by fitting a parabolic linear relation between the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer, and the theoretical maximum yield Y1 of the rice and the required nitrogen application amount X1 of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer are obtained;
under the condition that phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied according to conventional production, different nitrogen application amounts of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer are sequentially set from low to high: f ', F ' + G ', F ' +2G ', F ' +3G ' kg N/hm 2 Wherein F '=0, G' is more than or equal to 75 and is less than or equal to 100, a corresponding unary quadratic equation A2 is obtained by fitting a parabolic linear relation between the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the theoretical highest yield Y1 'of the rice and the required nitrogen application amount X1' of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer are obtained;
substituting the theoretical maximum yield Y1 of the rice under the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application into a quadratic equation A2 to obtain the nitrogen application amount X2 of the required slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
Further, the one-dimensional quadratic equation A1 is Y = aX 2 + bX + c, where X is the nitrogen application amount of conventional nitrogen fertilizer, a is the coefficient of the second order term, b is the coefficient of the first order term, and c is the constant term.
Further, the unary quadratic equation A2 is Y ' = a ' X ' 2 + b ' X ' + c ', where X ' is the nitrogen applying amount of the slow releasing nitrogen fertilizer, a ' is the second order coefficient, b ' is the first order coefficient and c ' is the constant term.
Further, the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer are respectively calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate, and the application amount is respectively 75kg of P 2 O 5 /hm 2 、112.5kg K 2 O/hm 2 。
Further, the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is urea.
Further, the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea, and consists of resin coated urea with the release periods of 60d and 120d according to the mass ratio of 1.
In a second aspect of the invention, a rice is providedThe method for determining the nitrogen-reducing effect of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer for rice in the shrimp co-culture mode adopts the determination method of the first aspect of the invention to obtain the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application amount X1 and the nitrogen fertilizer application amount X2 for rice in the rice and shrimp co-culture mode, and the nitrogen-reducing effect of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is that
Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the linear relation between the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer in the rice and shrimp co-operation mode is researched, the difference value of the nitrogen application amount of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is determined under the same rice yield level, the nitrogen reduction effect of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer compared with the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is determined, and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is used to replace the conventional nitrogen fertilizer, so that the rice nitrogen fertilizer operation optimization of the rice and shrimp co-operation mode is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the nitrogen-reducing effect of a rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application amount and a conventional nitrogen fertilizer in a rice and shrimp co-culture mode, wherein n =4 2 0.05 ＝0.9025，R 2 0.01 =0.9801, and represents significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively; the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.
Examples
The test was carried out in 2021 in 6 to 10 months in a rice and shrimp joint cropping field of Jiangsu Puxing circular agriculture development company, gaoyou, jiangsu province, where the soil type was dive-out rice soil developed from Huji mother soil and the soil texture was soil clay. The tested shrimps are procambarus clarkii, and the tested rice variety is a medium indica rice variety suitable for rice and shrimp co-culture mode in Jiangsu province, and has the advantages of rich, excellent and fragrant flavor, plant height of 120cm and full growth period of 143d.
Setting two nitrogen applying types of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and conventional nitrogen fertilizer under the rice and shrimp combined mode, and respectively setting 0, 90, 180 and 270kg N/hm under the two nitrogen applying types 2 Nitrogen application amount of four kinds of rice.
Sowing and raising rice seedlings in the last ten days of 5 months each year, transplanting the rice seedlings to a field after the rice seedlings are aged for 30 days, and planting the rice seedlings into wide-row narrow-row plants with row-to-plant spacing of 30cm multiplied by 18cm and 2 seedlings per hole.
Wherein the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is urea (the total N content is more than or equal to 46.4%), the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea (the total N content is more than or equal to 44%, the release period is 60d and 120d are formed according to the mass ratio of 1), and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer are all applied to plough layer soil of 0-15cm in one day before the rice is transplanted.
The phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate (available P) 2 O 5 The content is more than or equal to 16 percent), and the potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate (effective K) 2 The content of O is more than or equal to 52%); all the treated phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are also applied to 0-15cm plough layer soil in the day before rice transplantation, and the application amount is 75kg of P 2 O 5 /hm 2 、120kg K 2 O/hm 2 。
After the rice is harvested, the straw is left with stubble height of 40cm, and other straws are crushed and then evenly covered on the ground surface. According to the actual straw yield of the tested rice variety in the mode that Fengyouxiang accounts for the local rice and shrimp co-culture in the test field, the straw returning amount is 10t/hm 2 。
The procambarus clarkii fry is grown from 5 months to 6 months per year according to 6 thousands of tails per hm 2 The cultivation density is put in. Young shrimps are firstly thrown into the shrimp ditch and enter the rice field to live again after field preparation, seedling transplanting and rehydration. The special feed (30 percent of crude protein content) for the procambarus clarkia is put in 6 to 8 months every year, and the average input feed amount is 750kg/hm 2 And finishing the harvest of the shrimps in 9 middle ten days every year.
The field water management is as follows: after the rice is transplanted, the surface of the field is flooded by 5cm, the water level in the jointing stage is raised to 20cm, the water level in the heading and grouting stage is raised to 40cm, and the field is drained and sunned after grouting is finished.
Effect example 1
Through the measurement of various growth indexes of rice, the results are shown in table 1, and the number of rice ears, the number of grains per ear, the setting rate and the yield of the rice under the same nitrogen application amount are obviously higher than those of the rice treated by the conventional nitrogen fertilizer under the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer. In addition, as shown in table 2, the peak number of seedlings, the leaf area index at heading stage, the chlorophyll content of flag leaf at heading stage and the biomass of rice under the same nitrogen application amount are significantly higher than those of conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment under the slow release nitrogen fertilizer.
TABLE 1 Rice yield under different nitrogen application amounts of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and conventional nitrogen fertilizer in rice and shrimp combined mode and its constituent factors
Description of the drawings: the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea; different lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level in the table.
Table 2 Rice Peak seedling number, heading Rate, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll content and Biomass of Rice with different nitrogen application amounts of Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer and conventional Nitrogen fertilizer in Rice-shrimp Co-farming mode
Description of the drawings: the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea; different lower case letters in the same column indicate significant differences at the P <0.05 level in the table.
Effect example 2
The linear relation of the unary quadratic equation of the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount is fitted to obtain the unary quadratic equation of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application, namely Y =0.0656X 2 +27.9798X +5120.5191, one-dimensional quadratic form of applying slow-release nitrogen fertilizerDrive is Y '=0.0995X' 2 +38.7138X' +5139.9794, as shown in FIG. 1, it was found that the nitrogen fertilizer application amount of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer in the rice and shrimp co-farming mode is 213kg N/hm 2 Then, the highest yield of 8104kg/hm is reached 2 (ii) a The nitrogen application amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 194kg N/hm 2 Then, the highest yield of 8904kg/hm is reached 2 (ii) a The highest yield of the conventional nitrogenous fertilizer rice is 8104kg/hm 2 In time, the nitrogen application amount required by the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 105kg N/hm 2 213kg N/hm of the nitrogen fertilizer is more than that of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer 2 The nitrogen application amount is reduced by 50.7 percent, namely the nitrogen reducing effect of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 50.7 percent compared with the nitrogen reducing effect of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer.
Meanwhile, the yield, the agronomic efficiency and the apparent utilization rate of the rice nitrogen fertilizer under the same nitrogen application amount are all obviously higher than those of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer treatment under the slow release nitrogen fertilizer, and the results are shown in table 3. In addition, the theoretical yield of the rice is 8104kg/hm 2 The approximate test treatment is that the slow release nitrogen fertilizer is 90kg N/hm 2 And 180kg N/hm of conventional nitrogen fertilizer 2 . When the nitrogen application amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is 90kg N/hm 2 In time, the yield of the rice nitrogen fertilizer is 86.89kg/kg, the agronomic efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer is 29.79kg/kg, and the apparent utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer is 61.39 percent; when the nitrogen application amount of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is 180kg N/hm 2 In the process, the yield of the nitrogen fertilizer is 44.94kg/kg, the agronomic efficiency of the nitrogen fertilizer is 16.38kg/kg, and the apparent utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer is 30.15%. Therefore, the yield, the agronomic efficiency and the apparent utilization rate of the rice nitrogen fertilizer are 90kg N/hm of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer 2 The nitrogen content is obviously higher than that of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer by 180kg N/hm 2 The reason is that the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer can promote the growth of rice under a lower nitrogen application amount, and the same rice yield level as that of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is obtained.
TABLE 3 Rice Nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity, agronomic efficiency, apparent utilization ratio under different nitrogen application amounts of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and conventional nitrogen fertilizer in rice and shrimp combined mode
Description of the drawings: in the table, different lower case letters in the same column are indicated at P<Significant differences at the 0.05 level; the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is resin bagUrea film; the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer (kg/kg) = the yield of rice in nitrogen application area (kg/hm) 2 ) Nitrogen application amount (kg/hm) 2 ) (ii) a Agronomic efficiency (kg/kg) of nitrogen fertilizer = rice yield (kg/hm) of nitrogen application area 2 ) Rice yield in Nitrogen-free region (kg/hm) 2 ) (ii) a Apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer (%) = [ nitrogen absorption amount of rice in nitrogen application region (kg/hm) 2 ) Nitrogen uptake (kg/hm) of rice in nitrogen-free region 2 )]Nitrogen application amount (kg/hm) 2 )×100％。
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the numerical values set forth in these examples do not limit the scope of the invention. In all examples shown and described herein, unless otherwise specified, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not as a limitation, and thus other examples of example embodiments may have different values.
Claims (7)
1. A method for determining nitrogen application amount of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of rice in a rice and shrimp combined cropping mode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
under the condition that phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied according to the conventional production, different nitrogen application amounts of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer are set from low to high in sequence: F. f + G, F +2G, F +3Gkg N/hm 2 Wherein F =0, G is more than or equal to 75 and less than or equal to 100, a corresponding one-dimensional quadratic equation A1 is obtained by fitting a parabolic linear relation between the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer, and the theoretical highest yield Y1 of the rice and the required nitrogen application amount X1 of the conventional nitrogen fertilizer are obtained;
under the condition that phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied according to conventional production, different nitrogen application amounts of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer are sequentially set from low to high: f ', F ' + G ', F ' +2G ', F ' +3G ' kg N/hm 2 Wherein F '=0, G' is more than or equal to 75 and is less than or equal to 100, a corresponding quadratic equation A2 is obtained by fitting a parabolic linear relation between the rice yield and the nitrogen application amount of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the theoretical maximum yield Y1 'of the rice and the required nitrogen application amount X1' of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer are obtained;
substituting the theoretical maximum yield Y1 of the rice under the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application into a quadratic equation A2 to obtain the nitrogen application amount X2 of the required slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
2. The method of claim 1The determination method is characterized in that the unary quadratic equation A1 is Y = aX 2 + bX + c, where X is the nitrogen application amount of conventional nitrogen fertilizer, a is the coefficient of the second order term, b is the coefficient of the first order term, and c is the constant term.
3. Method of determining according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-dimensional quadratic equation A2 is Y ' = a ' X ' 2 + b ' X ' + c ', where X ' is the nitrogen applying amount of the slow releasing nitrogen fertilizer, a ' is the second order coefficient, b ' is the first order coefficient and c ' is the constant term.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate, respectively, and the application amount is 75kg of P 2 O 5 /hm 2 、120kg K 2 O/hm 2 。
5. A method of determining, according to claim 1, characterized in that the conventional nitrogen fertilizer is urea.
6. The determination method according to claim 1, wherein the slow release nitrogen fertilizer is resin coated urea, and the resin coated urea with the release period of 60d and 120d consists of the following components in a mass ratio of 1.
7. A method for determining the nitrogen reduction effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer of rice in a rice and shrimp combined cropping mode is characterized by comprising the following steps,
the determination method of any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted to obtain the conventional nitrogen fertilizer application amount X1 and the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer application amount X2 of the rice in the rice and shrimp co-farming mode, and the nitrogen reducing effect of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is that
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