CN115073372A - 一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,属于医药合成领域。本发明首次发现,除了盐酸屈他维林的生产过程中的屈他维林酮和乙基罂粟碱这两种杂质外,还会在该药品贮藏过程中产生第三种盐酸屈他维林杂质,本发明公开了该杂质的具体结构,以及制备该杂质的具体方法,包括:将屈他维林缩合物溶于溶剂中,加入酸进行环合反应生成屈他维林;再将屈他维林溶于溶剂中进行催化脱氢反应,生成乙基罂粟碱;最后将乙基罂粟碱溶于溶剂中,加入氧化剂进行氧化,即得所述第三种盐酸屈他维林杂质。由于药品杂质的发现及研究对于提高药品的质控标准及用药的安全性具有重要意义,本发明将在盐酸屈他维林的药品生产中具有重要应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药合成领域,更具体地说,涉及一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法。
背景技术
盐酸屈他维林(Drotaverine hydrochloride),化学名称为:1-{(3,4-二乙氧基苯基)亚甲基}-6,7-二乙氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉盐酸盐,商品名为诺仕帕(RNO-SPA),是由法国赛诺菲公司在匈牙利的合资公司Chinoin药厂研制开发的一种新型解痉挛药。该药是异喹啉类衍生物,与传统山莨菪碱,阿托品等抗胆碱能类解痉挛药相比其特点是作用全面,疗效持久,不良反应小。该药的适应症包括冠脉功能不全、闭塞性动脉内膜炎、心绞痛、胃肠道平滑肌痉挛、肠易激综合征、胆绞痛、肾绞痛和泌尿道痉挛、子宫痉挛、痛经等。
盐酸屈他维林的制备方法主要根据文献JACS.1949,71,1889-1990;US4126615等,从关键起始原料3,4-二乙氧基苯乙腈出发:3,4-二乙氧基苯乙腈经催化氢化还原得到3,4-二乙氧基苯乙胺,以同一起始原料经酸性水解得到3,4-二乙氧基苯乙酸;然后3,4-二乙氧基苯乙酸和3,4-二乙氧基苯乙胺缩合制得N-(3,4-二乙氧基苯乙酰基)-β-(3,4-二乙氧基苯基)乙胺;再在三氯氧磷的作用下环合制得屈他维林;最后与盐酸成盐制得盐酸屈他维林(图1)。
目前盐酸屈他维林的生产过程中主要有两个杂质,分别为屈他维林酮和乙基罂粟碱,如下式所示:
在对盐酸屈他维林进行贮藏稳定性试验时,我们发现一个未知降解杂质(杂质III)。对其进行分离纯化,并进行结构确证后,发现该杂质为全新杂质。关于该杂质目前尚没有相关的文献报道。药物的降解杂质直接影响药品的稳定性及相关制剂的研究,因此,对于该杂质的研究具有重要意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题,本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法:将乙基罂粟碱溶于溶剂中,加入氧化剂进行氧化反应,即得所述盐酸屈他维林降解杂质,其化学结构式如下:
优选地,所述乙基罂粟碱的溶剂为四氢呋喃、甲苯、乙腈中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述的氧化剂为双氧水或氧气。
优选地,所述的氧化反应的具体温度为30~50℃。
优选地,所述乙基罂粟碱的制备方法为:将屈他维林缩合物溶于溶剂中,加入酸进行环合反应生成屈他维林;再将屈他维林溶于溶剂中进行催化脱氢反应,生成乙基罂粟碱。
优选地,所述屈他维林缩合物的溶剂为甲苯、四氢呋喃、二甲苯中的一种或多种,所述的酸选自三氯氧磷、浓硫酸或磷酸。
优选地,所述环合反应的温度为所选取溶剂的沸点。
优选地,所述催化脱氢的催化剂为钯碳或金属铂,所述屈他维林的溶剂选自四氢呋喃、甲醇、乙醇、甲苯中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述催化脱氢的氧化剂为DMSO或2-碘酰苯甲酸。
优选地,所述催化脱氢的反应温度为70~100℃。
相比于现有技术,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明首次公布了在盐酸屈他维林贮藏过程中产生新的未知杂质,本发明公开了该杂质的具体结构,以及制备该杂质的具体方法,包括:将屈他维林缩合物溶于溶剂中,加入酸进行环合反应生成屈他维林;再将屈他维林溶于溶剂中进行催化脱氢反应,生成乙基罂粟碱;最后将乙基罂粟碱溶于溶剂中,加入氧化剂进行氧化,即得所述新发现的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质。本发明提供的制备该杂志的方法,合成路线简单、产物收率高。由于药品杂质的发现及研究对于提高药品的质控标准及用药的安全性具有重要意义,本发明将在盐酸屈他维林的药品生产中具有重要应用价值。
附图说明
图1为盐酸屈他维林合成路线图;
图2为盐酸屈他维林杂质合成路线图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的盐酸屈他维林杂质的HPLC图谱图;
图4为本发明实施例提供的盐酸屈他维林杂质的H NMR谱的图谱图;
图5为本发明实施例提供的盐酸屈他维林杂质的C NMR谱的图谱图;
图6为本发明实施例提供的盐酸屈他维林杂质的MS图谱图;
图7本发明实施例提供的盐酸屈他维林杂质的系统适应性HPLC图谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进一步进行描述。
实施例1:
一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,合成路线如图2所示,包括如下步骤:
1、屈他维林的合成:
将40g屈他维林缩合物,200mL甲苯投入到500mL四口烧瓶中,氮气保护下,滴入21.5mL三氯氧磷,滴完升温至回流反应3.5h。反应结束后,降至室温,反应液缓慢倒入200mL冰水中,用氨水调节pH值至9-10,分层。有机层干燥浓缩至干,用200mL甲叔醚打浆,过滤,烘干得淡黄色固体35g。
2、乙基罂粟碱的合成:
将35g屈他维林,200mL甲苯投入到500mL四口反应瓶中,降温至0℃,加入30g的IBX,7g的DMSO,50℃反应8h;反应结束后,降温至0到10℃,加入50mL饱和亚硫酸钠水溶液,分层,有机层用100mL饱和碳酸钠溶液洗一次,100mL的饱和食盐水洗一次,干燥,过滤,将滤液浓缩至剩余50mL,-10℃静置16h析晶,过滤,滤饼烘干得类白色固体18g
3、盐酸屈他维林杂质的合成:
将18g乙基罂粟碱投入到500mL四口反应瓶中,加入200mL的甲苯,接通气导管空气泵鼓入空气,30℃反应16h。反应结束后,浓缩,柱层析,以正己烷/乙酸乙酯=10/1为淋洗剂,得淡黄色固体3g。
对合成的杂质进行高效液相色谱质谱分析,其中:
液相色谱仪:Agilent 1260;色谱柱:十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;以0.1%磷酸水溶液为流动相A,以乙腈为流动相B,以甲醇为流动相C;检测波长为244nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温40℃,进样量为20μL。按如下梯度程序进行洗脱:
时间(min) | 流动相A(%) | 流动相B(%) |
0 | 55 | 15 |
10 | 40 | 20 |
22 | 34 | 22 |
70 | 34 | 22 |
按上述条件进行高效液相分析,记录色谱图。
图3所示,出峰顺序依次为盐酸屈他维林、杂质III,在上述色谱条件下,盐酸屈他维林与杂质III分离度良好,盐酸屈他维林理论板数不低于2000,符合要求。
实施例2:
一种盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,步骤如下:
1、屈他维林的合成:
将40g缩合物,200mL二甲苯投入到500mL四口烧瓶中,氮气保护下,滴入21.5mL浓硫酸,滴完升温至回流反应3.5h,反应结束后,降至室温,反应液缓慢倒入200mL冰水中,用氨水调节pH值至9-10,分层,有机层干燥浓缩至干,用200mL甲叔醚打浆,过滤,烘干得淡黄色固体33g。
2、乙基罂粟碱的合成:
将35g屈他维林,200mL四氢呋喃投入到500mL四口反应瓶中,降温至0℃,加入2g的钯碳,7g的DMSO,回流反应8小时,反应液降温至0到100℃,200mL的乙酸乙酯,加入50mL饱和亚硫酸钠水溶液,分层,有几层用100mL饱和碳酸钠溶液洗一次,100mL的饱和食盐水洗一次,干燥,浓缩至干,剩余物中加入50mL的甲苯,加热溶解,降温至-10℃静置16小时析晶,过滤,滤饼烘干得类白色固体15g。
3、盐酸屈他维林杂质的合成:
将18g乙基罂粟碱投入到500mL四口反应瓶中,加入200mL的四氢呋喃,加入50mL的双氧水,300℃反应16小时,反应液中加入50mL饱和亚硫酸钠溶液,加入200mL的乙酸乙酯,分相,有机相浓缩至干,对产品进行柱层析(正己烷/乙酸乙酯=10/1为淋洗剂),得淡黄色固体3.5g。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂为四氢呋喃、甲苯、乙腈中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氧化剂为双氧水或氧气。
4.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氧化反应的具体温度为30~50℃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述乙基罂粟碱的制备方法为:将屈他维林缩合物溶于溶剂中,加入酸进行环合反应生成屈他维林;再将屈他维林溶于溶剂中进行催化脱氢反应,生成乙基罂粟碱。
6.根据权利要求5所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述屈他维林缩合物的溶剂为甲苯、四氢呋喃、二甲苯中的一种或多种,所述的酸选自三氯氧磷、浓硫酸或磷酸。
7.根据权利要求5所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述环合反应的温度为所选取溶剂的沸点。
8.根据权利要求5所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化脱氢的催化剂为钯碳或金属铂,所述屈他维林的溶剂选自四氢呋喃、甲醇、乙醇、甲苯中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求5所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化脱氢的氧化剂为DMSO或2-碘酰苯甲酸。
10.根据权利要求9所述的盐酸屈他维林降解杂质的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化脱氢的反应温度为70~100℃。
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