CN115053785A - Substrate for promoting root growth of rubber tree seedlings and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Substrate for promoting root growth of rubber tree seedlings and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber tree seedling raising substrates, discloses a substrate for promoting the root growth of rubber tree seedlings and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of heavy weight, undeveloped root systems and poor water absorption and retention performance of rubber tree seedling raising substrates taking soil as soil. The substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings comprises the following raw materials in volume ratio: 60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaves; 10-20 parts of soil; 4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung. Has the characteristics of light weight and rich nutrition, and can particularly promote the root growth of rubber tree seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rubber tree seedling raising substrates, and particularly relates to a substrate for promoting the root growth of rubber tree seedlings and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Rubber trees are important tropical trees in China. The planting area of rubber trees in China is about 110 ten thousand hectares, and about fifteen million rubber seedlings need to be produced every year to meet the requirement of the renewal planting of rubber gardens. At present, the seedling culture substrate of rubber tree seedlings is basically soil, so that tens of thousands of cubic meters of soil are consumed for rubber tree seedling culture every year. The soil matrix for seedling raising can not be directly from the soil of a glue garden, and only can be dug from mountains or farmlands without glue forests, so that the soil ecology of agriculture and forestry is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, the volume weight of soil is heavy, and the weight of rubber nursery stock plants taking soil as a main matrix is more than 3kg, which affects the transportation efficiency of nursery stock. In addition, soil is used as a matrix, the caking property is poor, root groups are easy to loosen, the lateral root system of the rubber seedling cultured by the soil matrix is not developed, the root quantity is small, and the water absorption and water retention performance of the soil matrix is poor.
After the bananas are harvested, the banana stalks are cut down and cut into segments on the spot to be rotten, so that banana stalk leaves are used as agricultural waste and are to be developed and utilized. The king grass, also called pennisetum hydridum, is a plant with high growth speed, large biomass, strong stress resistance and wide planting range, and is rich in fiber and nutrition. In tropical areas, the wangcao has extremely strong reproductive capacity, and crazy growth in natural environment becomes an agricultural weed to be developed and utilized. At present, banana stalk leaves and wangcao are not developed and utilized as seedling substrate raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a substrate for promoting the growth of the root of a rubber tree seedling and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of heavy weight, undeveloped root system and poor water absorption and retention performance existing in the rubber tree seedling substrate taking soil as the rubber tree seedling substrate, and the substrate has the characteristics of light weight and rich nutrition and can particularly promote the growth of the root of the rubber tree seedling.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a substrate for promoting the root growth of rubber tree seedlings is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by volume:
60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaves;
10-20 parts of soil;
4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung.
In some embodiments, the decomposed fiber dregs are obtained by slicing or crushing fresh banana stem and leaf stalks and king grass stem and leaves, fermenting and decomposing, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem and leaf stalks to the king grass stem and leaf stalks is 3-5: 3-5.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fresh banana stem leaf stalks and king grass stem leaves are sliced or crushed and then fermented to obtain decomposed fiber dregs, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem leaf stalks to the king grass stem leaves is 3-5: 3-5;
(2) taking 60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf, 10-20 parts of soil and 4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung according to the volume ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
In some embodiments, the decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf are obtained by the following method:
crushing fresh banana stems, leaves and stems and fresh wangcao stems and leaves into powder by a crusher, immediately stacking, covering by a plastic film, and performing fermentation and decomposition treatment; the pile is turned once every 10 to 15 days during fermentation and decomposition treatment, microbial fermentation inoculum is added into stems and leaves of the piled bananas and stems and leaves of the wangcao during pile turning, the microbial fermentation inoculum is 100 g/cubic meter, the pile is turned for 4 to 6 times, and the total fermentation time is 60 to 80 days.
In some embodiments, the soil treatment agent is added after the decomposed fiber dregs are obtained by fermentation in the step (1), wherein the proportion of the soil treatment agent is that 400-600g of the soil treatment agent is added per cubic meter, and then the soil treatment agent is stacked and kept still for 6-8 days; and then carrying out the operation of the step (2).
In some embodiments, in the step (2), uniformly mixing the decomposed fiber dregs, the soil and the decomposed cow dung which are mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaves according to the volume ratio, spraying 300-400 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder as a water solvent, spraying 1 time every day for 2-3 days continuously, and finally obtaining the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages:
1. the weight is light: compared with the traditional soil matrix, the matrix for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings has light weight and convenient transportation and use.
2. Promoting root growth: the substrate of the invention can particularly promote the growth of lateral root systems.
3. The nutrition is rich: the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings takes the fibers of banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf stalks and soil as basic raw materials, the banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao plant fibers contain rich mineral elements, the substrate has comprehensive nutrition and high quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, the cultured rubber seedling leaves have balanced nutrition, and the chlorophyll content of the leaves is high.
4. And (3) environmental protection: the soil of the traditional rubber tree seedling substrate accounts for more than 95%, the amount of the soil used in the substrate is small, and the ecological damage of the surrounding soil is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments used by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The matrix for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings comprises the following raw materials in volume ratio:
60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaves;
10-20 parts of soil;
4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung.
In some embodiments, the decomposed fiber dregs are obtained by slicing or crushing fresh banana stem and leaf stalks and king grass stem and leaves, fermenting and decomposing, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem and leaf stalks to the king grass stem and leaf stalks is 3-5: 3-5.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings, which comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh banana stem leaf stalks and king grass stem leaves are sliced or crushed and then fermented to obtain decomposed fiber dregs, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem leaf stalks to the king grass stem leaves is 3-5: 3-5;
(2) taking 60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf, 10-20 parts of soil and 4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung according to the volume ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
In some embodiments, the decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf are obtained by the following method: crushing fresh banana stems, leaves and stems and fresh wangcao stems and leaves into powder by a crusher, immediately stacking, covering by a plastic film, and performing fermentation and decomposition treatment; the pile is turned once every 10 to 15 days during fermentation and decomposition treatment, microbial fermentation inoculum is added into stems and leaves of the piled bananas and stems and leaves of the wangcao during pile turning, the microbial fermentation inoculum is 100 g/cubic meter, the pile is turned for 4 to 6 times, and the total fermentation time is 60 to 80 days.
In some embodiments, the soil treatment agent is added after the decomposed fiber dregs are obtained by fermentation in the step (1), wherein the proportion of the soil treatment agent is that 400-600g of the soil treatment agent is added per cubic meter, and then the soil treatment agent is stacked and kept still for 6-8 days; and then carrying out the operation of the step (2).
In some embodiments, in the step (2), uniformly mixing the decomposed fiber dregs, the soil and the decomposed cow dung which are mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaves according to the volume ratio, spraying 300-400 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder as a water solvent, spraying 1 time every day for 2-3 days continuously, and finally obtaining the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
Example 1
The substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in volume ratio:
60 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf; 10 parts of soil; 4 parts of decomposed cow dung, wherein in the embodiment, the volume ratio of the stem and leaf of the banana to the stem and leaf of the wangcao is 3: 5.
Example 2
The substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in volume ratio:
80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf; 20 parts of soil; 6 parts of decomposed cow dung, in the embodiment, the volume ratio of the banana stem and leaf to the wangcao stem and leaf is 4: 4.
Example 3
The substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in volume ratio:
70 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf; 15 parts of soil; 5 parts of decomposed cow dung, wherein in the embodiment, the volume ratio of the stem and leaf of the banana to the stem and leaf of the wangcao is 5: 3.
The substrate for promoting the growth of the root amount of the rubber seedlings prepared in the example 1, the example 2 and the example 3 is filled into a root control container (the size of the root control container: the diameter is 15 cm, and the height is 40 cm), a hot ground 7-20-59 rubber seedling bud grafting pile is inserted into the root control container while the substrate is filled, and the root control container filled with the substrate and seedlings is placed on a seedling raising shelf for cultivation.
The rubber seedling bud grafting pile is cultivated by the same method by respectively taking pure surface soil and pure coconut coir as control matrixes, and respectively taken as a comparative example 1 and a comparative example 2.
The seedlings are watered with 350 ml once every 2 days, and are cultivated and grown for 7 months. The following data were measured: the plant weight, the drying weight of the root system, the chlorophyll content, the leaf nutrient element content, and the available nutrient and microorganism content of the matrix of the seedling. Ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are measured by a magnesium oxide-substitutional alloy distillation method, quick-acting phosphorus is measured by a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method, and quick-acting potassium is measured by a flame photometry method.
The growth indexes of the rubber seedlings under different seedling culture matrixes are shown in the following table;
the above table shows that the weight of the seedling plant of the matrix prepared by the banana stem and leaf and the wangcao fiber is obviously lighter than that of the seedling of the soil matrix, and has no obvious difference with the coconut husk matrix, because the matrix prepared by the invention contains a large amount of plant fibers, the volume weight is smaller, the seedling root mass is light, and the weight of the seedling plant is also small; the substrate can obviously promote the growth of the root system of the rubber seedling, and the biomass of the root system is obviously higher than that of soil and two controls of coconut coir. In addition, the result also shows that the chlorophyll content of the nursery stock under the matrix is obviously higher than that of the two comparative examples, and the nursery stock has excellent quality.
The nutritional indexes of the rubber seedlings under different seedling culture matrixes are shown in the following table:
it can be seen from the above table that the seedling contents of N, P, K and Mg of the matrix prepared from banana stem and leaf and king grass fiber are both significantly better than those of the soil matrix or coconut coir matrix of the comparative example.
The rate nutrients and total microbial load for different substrates are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the matrix for promoting the root growth of the rubber seedlings is obviously superior to the matrix of the comparative example 1 (soil matrix) and the comparative example 2 (coconut husk matrix) in the total amount of nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus, quick-acting potassium and microorganisms.
As can be seen from the examples 1, 2 and 3, the rubber tree seedling culture substrate prepared by the invention has high nutrient content and total microbial quantity, can promote the growth of the root system of the rubber seedling, and improves the physiological quality of the seedling. Because the matrix contains a large amount of Mesona chinensis fibers, the volume weight of the matrix is lighter than that of the traditional soil matrix, and the weight of the seedling root ball is lighter, so that the weight of the seedling is reduced, and the transportation is convenient. Therefore, the rubber tree seedling substrate prepared by utilizing the banana stem and leaf stalks and the wangcao stem and leaves can completely replace the rubber tree seedling substrate mainly comprising soil or coconut coir.
Example 4
The preparation method of the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh banana stem leaf stalks and king grass stem leaves are sliced or crushed and then fermented to obtain decomposed fiber dregs, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem leaf stalks to the king grass stem leaves is 3-5: 3-5;
(2) taking 60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf, 10-20 parts of soil and 4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung according to the volume ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
The preparation process of the decomposed fiber slag of the embodiment is as follows: crushing fresh banana stem and leaf and fresh king grass stem and leaf into 1cm pieces or powder by a crusher, stacking, covering with a plastic film, covering with a film, fermenting for 12 days, and turning over for 1 time, wherein 120g of microbial fermentation inoculum is added during turning over. Covering a film, fermenting for 12 days again, turning over the pile for 1 time, and continuously adding 120g of microbial fermentation inoculum during turning over the pile. The pile is turned over for 4 times repeatedly for 60 days. Mixing thoroughly decomposed stems and leaves of banana with the crushed stems and leaves of the wangcao in an amount of 300g of soil treatment agent per cubic meter, stirring uniformly, and standing for 7 days. Mixing the decomposed fiber dregs mixed by the banana stem and leaf stalks and the wangcao stem and leaf with soil and decomposed cow dung in a volume ratio of 10: 3: 1, uniformly stirring, then spraying 300 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder as a water solvent, spraying 1 time every day, and continuously spraying for 3 days to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
Example 5
The preparation method of the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) fresh banana stem leaf stalks and king grass stem leaves are sliced or crushed and then fermented to obtain decomposed fiber dregs, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem leaf stalks to the king grass stem leaves is 3-5: 3-5;
(2) taking 60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf, 10-20 parts of soil and 4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung according to the volume ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
The preparation process of the decomposed fiber slag of the embodiment is as follows: crushing fresh banana stems and leaves and fresh wangcao stems and leaves into 4-8mm powder by a crusher, stacking, covering with a plastic film, covering with the film, fermenting for 15 days, turning over for 1 time, and adding 120g of microbial fermentation inoculum during turning over. Covering a film, fermenting for 15 days again, turning over the pile for 1 time, and continuously adding 100g of microbial fermentation inoculum during turning over the pile. The pile is turned over repeatedly in this way, and the fermentation lasts for 75 days. Mixing thoroughly decomposed stems and leaves of banana with crushed stems and leaves of wangcao in an amount of 200g of soil treatment agent per cubic meter, stirring uniformly, and standing for 7 days. Mixing the decomposed fiber dregs mixed by the stem and leaf of banana and the stem and leaf of wangcao with soil and decomposed cow dung in a volume ratio of 20: 3: 2, uniformly stirring, spraying 350 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder as a water solvent, spraying 1 time every day, and continuously spraying for 3 days to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of rubber tree seedlings.
Example 6
The preparation method of the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings of the embodiment includes:
(1) fresh banana stem leaf stalks and king grass stem leaves are sliced or crushed and then fermented to obtain decomposed fiber dregs, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem leaf stalks to the king grass stem leaves is 3-5: 3-5;
(2) taking 60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf, 10-20 parts of soil and 4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung according to the volume ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
The preparation process of the decomposed fiber slag of the embodiment is as follows: crushing fresh banana stems and leaves and fresh wangcao stems and leaves into 6-10mm powder by a crusher, stacking, covering with a plastic film, covering with the film, fermenting for 14 days, turning over for 1 time, and adding 200g of microbial fermentation inoculum during turning over. Covering a film, fermenting for 14 days again, turning over the pile for 1 time, and continuously adding 100g of microbial fermentation inoculum during turning over the pile. Repeatedly turning over the pile in this way, and fermenting for 70 days. Mixing thoroughly decomposed stems and leaves of banana with crushed stems and leaves of wangcao in an amount of 200g of soil treatment agent per cubic meter, stirring uniformly, and standing for 7 days. Mixing the decomposed fiber dregs mixed by the banana stem and leaf stalks and the wangcao stem and leaf with soil and decomposed cow dung in a volume ratio of 12: 4: 1, uniformly stirring, spraying 400 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder as a water solvent, spraying 1 time every day, and continuously spraying for 2 days to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
The substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings obtained in the embodiment 4 and the embodiment 5 is filled into a root-control seedling raising container, clone hot ground 7-20-59 bud grafting seedlings are cultured in the container, and the container is placed in a seedling raising frame for culturing. Comparative examples pure surface soil and coconut coir were used, respectively, and similarly, they were put into a seedling raising container, and budded seedlings of the same clone were cultivated, as comparative examples 1 and 2, respectively.
The nursery stock cultivation adopts conventional management, regular watering and 1-time spraying of compound fertilizer every month. After the nursery stock grows for 6 months, the plant height, stem thickness, chlorophyll and leaf nutrient content of the nursery stock are measured. The wangcao fiber seedling substrate prepared by the invention obviously promotes the growth of rubber saplings, also improves the chlorophyll content of leaves and improves the quality of seedlings.
The effect of different substrates on plant height, stem thickness and chlorophyll of the hot ground 7-20-59 rubber seedlings is shown in the following table:
from the above table, it can be seen that the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings prepared by the method can obviously promote the growth of the rubber tree seedlings, improve the chlorophyll content of leaves and improve the quality of the seedlings.
The contents of nutrient elements in different matrixes on the hot ground 7-20-59 rubber seedling leaves are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the table above, the N, P and K contents of the leaves of the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings prepared by the method are higher and are obviously higher than those of the substrate prepared by the comparative example 2. Wherein the P content is significantly higher than in comparative examples 1 and 2.
The substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings obtained in the embodiment 5 and the embodiment 6 of the invention is filled into a seedling raising bag, and clone PR107 bud grafting piles are inserted into the seedling raising bag. Comparative examples pure surface soil and coconut coir were used, respectively, and the same was put into a seedling raising container, into which the same clone PR107 bud-grafting pile was inserted, as comparative examples 1 and 2, respectively.
The available nutrient and microorganism contents of the substrates of example 5, example 6, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 were measured. Ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen are measured by a magnesium oxide-substitutional alloy distillation method, quick-acting phosphorus is measured by a molybdenum-antimony colorimetric method, and quick-acting potassium is measured by a flame photometry method.
The rate nutrients and total microbial load for the different treated substrates are shown in the following table:
the nursery stock cultivation in the example 5 and the example 6 and the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 adopts the conventional management, regular watering and 1-time spraying of compound fertilizer per month. After the nursery stock grows for 6 months, the plant height, stem thickness, chlorophyll and leaf nutrient content of the nursery stock are measured.
The effect of different matrices on plant height, stem thickness and chlorophyll of PR107 rubber seedlings is shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the matrix for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings remarkably promotes the growth of the rubber tree seedlings, improves the chlorophyll content of leaves and improves the seedling quality.
The effect of the same substrate on the content of nutrient elements in the leaves of PR107 rubber seedlings is shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the table, the nitrogen and potassium contents of the rubber seedlings cultivated by the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings are obviously higher than those of the coconut chaff in the comparative example 2, and the phosphorus contents are both higher than those of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2.
From the examples 41, 5 and 6, it can be known that the rubber tree seedling substrate prepared by the invention has higher nutrient content and total microbial quantity, can promote the root system growth of rubber seedlings, and improves the physiological quality of the seedlings. Because the matrix contains a large amount of Mesona chinensis fibers, the volume weight of the matrix is lighter than that of the traditional soil matrix, and the weight of the seedling root ball is lighter, so that the weight of the seedling is reduced, and the transportation is convenient. Therefore, the rubber tree seedling substrate prepared by utilizing the banana stem and leaf stalks and the wangcao stem and leaves can completely replace the rubber tree seedling substrate mainly comprising soil or coconut coir.
Claims (6)
1. A substrate for promoting the root growth of rubber tree seedlings is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by volume:
60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaves;
10-20 parts of soil;
4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung.
2. The substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the decomposed fiber dregs are obtained by slicing or crushing fresh banana stem and leaf stalks and king grass stem and leaves, fermenting and decomposing, and the volume ratio of the banana stem and leaf stalks to the king grass stem and leaf stalks is 3-5: 3-5.
3. A preparation method of a substrate for promoting the root growth of rubber tree seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) fresh banana stem leaf stalks and king grass stem leaves are sliced or crushed and then fermented to obtain decomposed fiber dregs, wherein the volume ratio of the banana stem leaf stalks to the king grass stem leaves is 3-5: 3-5;
(2) taking 60-80 parts of decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and wangcao stem and leaf, 10-20 parts of soil and 4-6 parts of decomposed cow dung according to the volume ratio, and uniformly mixing to obtain the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber tree seedlings.
4. The method for preparing the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber saplings as claimed in claim 3, wherein the decomposed fiber dregs mixed by the banana stem and leaf stalks and the wangcao stem and leaf stalks are obtained by a method comprising the following steps of:
crushing fresh banana stems, leaves and stems and leaves and fresh wangcao stems and leaves into powder by a crusher, building piles immediately, covering with a plastic film, and performing fermentation decomposition treatment; the pile is turned once every 10 to 15 days during fermentation and decomposition treatment, microbial fermentation inoculum is added into stems and leaves of the piled bananas and stems and leaves of the wangcao during pile turning, the microbial fermentation inoculum is 100 g/cubic meter, the pile is turned for 4 to 6 times, and the total fermentation time is 60 to 80 days.
5. The method for preparing the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber seedlings according to the claim 4, wherein the soil treatment agent is added after the decomposed fiber dregs are obtained by fermentation in the step (1), the proportion of the soil treatment agent is that 600g of the soil treatment agent is added per cubic meter, and then the substrate is stacked and kept still for 6-8 days; and then carrying out the operation of the step (2).
6. The preparation method of the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber seedlings according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the decomposed fiber dregs mixed by banana stem and leaf stalks and king grass stem and leaves, the soil and the decomposed cow dung are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio, then 50% carbendazol wettable powder 300-400 times of water solvent is sprayed, 1 time of spraying is carried out every day, and 2-3 days are continuously sprayed, and finally the substrate for promoting the root growth of the rubber seedlings is obtained.
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