CN114992270A - 悬架装置 - Google Patents

悬架装置 Download PDF

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CN114992270A
CN114992270A CN202210172300.2A CN202210172300A CN114992270A CN 114992270 A CN114992270 A CN 114992270A CN 202210172300 A CN202210172300 A CN 202210172300A CN 114992270 A CN114992270 A CN 114992270A
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suspension device
shock absorber
liquid chamber
damper
electric
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CN114992270B (zh
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山崎亮辅
柳贵志
小滩一矢
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/0152Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
    • B60G17/0157Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit non-fluid unit, e.g. electric motor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/03Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using magnetic or electromagnetic means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G13/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers
    • B60G13/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers having dampers dissipating energy, e.g. frictionally
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/023Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F6/00Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
    • F16F9/185Bitubular units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/20Type of damper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/42Electric actuator
    • B60G2202/422Linear motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/40Constructional features of dampers and/or springs
    • B60G2206/41Dampers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/10Damping action or damper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2800/00Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
    • B60G2800/16Running
    • B60G2800/162Reducing road induced vibrations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/06Magnetic or electromagnetic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/12Fluid damping
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/24Detecting or preventing malfunction, e.g. fail safe

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种悬架装置,即使活塞的外径较小、构造较简单也能够进行电动减震器与液压式减震器的切换。该悬架装置包括:具有杆(11)的液压式减震器(7),其为了通过在第1液室(4)与第2液室(5)之间位移来产生液压而具备阀(13);以及电动减震器(6),其使用致动器电动地使杆(11)位移,该悬架装置具备在电动减震器工作时成为绕过阀(13)使第1液室(4)与第2液室(5)连通的连通路的空间(15)、空间(16)、线圈内通路(24)、旁通通路室(31)、旁通孔(33)、旁通通路室(35)。

Description

悬架装置
技术领域
本发明涉及悬架装置。
背景技术
专利文献1公开了将液压减震器收容到电磁减震器的内部。在此,液压减震器的活塞设有流体通路和穿插于该流体通路中的销。并且,在通常行程中,由于销的销缩径部面向流体通路而形成较大的空隙,因此液压减震器的衰减力降低。另外,在端部侧行程区域中,由于销的大径部面向流体通路,因此液压减震器的衰减力增大。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2002-227927号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
如前所述,在专利文献1的技术中,使用销的缩径部和大径部进行电磁减震器及液压减震器的调节。但是,若是这种技术,则存在活塞的外径很大、构造复杂的问题。
因而,本发明的课题在于提供一种即使活塞的外径较小、构造较简单也能够进行电动减震器与液压式减震器的切换的悬架装置。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明的悬架装置的特征在于,包括:具有杆的液压式减震器,其为了通过在第1液室与第2液室之间位移来产生液压而具备阀;以及电动减震器,其使用致动器电动地使所述杆位移,所述悬架装置具备连通路,该连通路在所述电动减震器工作时绕过所述阀使所述第1液室与所述第2液室连通。
发明效果
根据本发明,能够提供即使活塞的外径较小、构造较简单也能够进行电动减震器与液压式减震器的切换的悬架装置。
附图说明
图1A是作为本发明的一个实施方式的悬架装置的剖视图。
图1B是图1A的A部分的放大图。
图2是作为本发明的一个实施方式的悬架装置的挡板部件部分的放大立体图。
图3A是图1B的局部放大图。
图3B是示出图3A中电动减震器最大行程时的图。
图4A是说明作为本发明的一个实施方式的悬架装置的作用的悬架装置的概念图。
图4B是说明作为本发明的一个实施方式的悬架装置的作用的悬架装置的概念图。
图4C是说明作为本发明的一个实施方式的悬架装置的作用的悬架装置的概念图。
附图标记说明
1 悬架装置
4 第1液室
5 第2液室
6 电动减震器
7 液压式减震器
11 杆
12 活塞
13 阀
14 阀
15 空间(连通路)
16 空间(连通路)
21 磁铁(线性马达)
23 线圈(致动器、线性马达)
24 线圈内通路(连通路)
31 旁通通路室(连通路)
33 旁通孔(连通路)
35 旁通通路室(连通路)
41 挡板部件(开闭部)
46 挡板部件(开闭部)
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图说明本发明的一个实施方式。
图1A是作为本发明的一个实施方式的悬架装置的剖视图。图1B是图1A的A部分的放大图。在悬架装置1的外侧框体2内收纳有内筒3。以下,存在将悬架装置1的图1B中的右侧的前端部侧称为顶端侧的情况。存在将悬架装置1的图1B中的左侧称为后方侧的情况。
悬架装置1具备液压式减震器7。液压式减震器7由杆11、活塞12、阀13、14等构成。液压式减震器7作为常规的悬架发挥功能。即,在内筒3的内部收纳有与内筒3同轴芯的杆11。杆11能够在内筒3内沿着内筒3的长尺寸方向(图1B的左右方向)移动。在杆11的长尺寸方向前端侧(右侧)设有活塞12。活塞12以其外周面沿着内筒3的内周面的方式移动。
内筒3内由活塞12分隔为活塞12后方侧的第1液室4和活塞12前端侧的第2液室5。活塞12设有圆筒状的磁铁21,在磁铁21内设有将第1液室4与第2液室5导通的磁铁内流路22。在磁铁内流路22的活塞12的前头部设有阀13。在内筒3的前头部设有阀14。阀14能够使内筒3内和内筒3与外侧框体2之间的空间15导通。悬架装置1内的空间由油等液体充满。因此,在将阀13、14打开的状态下,通过使杆11在第1液室4与第2液室5之间位移,从而液体在磁铁内流路22、阀13、14中流通,活塞12活动,液压式减震器7能够产生液压。
悬架装置1还具备电动减震器6(电磁减震器)。电动减震器6由磁铁21、线圈23等构成。电动减震器6作为电磁式的悬架发挥功能。即,在外侧框体2与内筒3之间设有圆筒状的线圈23(致动器)。通过向该线圈23通电而产生磁场,该磁场作用于磁铁21,从而能够使活塞12、进一步来说能够使杆11沿着其轴向活动。在外侧框体2与内筒3之间还设有空间16。在线圈23内设有线圈内通路24。线圈内通路24使空间15与空间16导通。
在空间16的内侧且在内筒3的外侧设有旁通通路室31。在构成旁通通路室31的内筒3的壁的后方侧设有使第1液室4与旁通通路室31导通的旁通孔33。另外,在旁通通路室31的空间16侧的壁32的前端侧设有使空间16与旁通通路室31导通的旁通孔34。第1液室4与空间16能够经由旁通通路室31、旁通孔33、34连通。
同样地,在空间15的内侧且在内筒3的外侧设有旁通通路室35。在旁通通路室35的空间15侧的壁37的后方侧设有使空间15与旁通通路室35导通的旁通孔36。旁通通路室35的前端侧敞开,第2液室5与空间15能够经由旁通通路室35、旁通孔36连通。
像这样,由旁通通路室31、空间16、线圈内通路24、空间15、旁通通路室35等构成绕过阀13使第1液室4与第2液室5连通的连通路。
在内筒3的旁通孔34的位置滑动自如地卷绕有圆环状的挡板部件41。图2是挡板部件41部分的放大立体图。在挡板部件41的圆环状的部分形成有多个冲孔42。另外,凸缘状的部件41a从圆环状的挡板部件41朝向外侧伸出。回到图1B,挡板部件41由弹簧49沿着内筒3的轴向向后方侧施力。该状态下,挡板部件41封堵旁通孔34。挡板部件41为金属制,通过向线圈23通电,从而利用所产生的磁场抵抗弹簧49的施力而活动。由此,旁通孔34与冲孔42的位置对齐,旁通孔34打开。
在图1B中,在内筒3的旁通孔36的位置也滑动自如地卷绕有圆环状的挡板部件46。挡板部件46的构成与挡板部件41相同。在挡板部件46的圆环状的部分形成有多个冲孔47。挡板部件46由弹簧48沿着内筒3的轴向向前端侧施力。该状态下,挡板部件46封堵旁通孔36。挡板部件46为金属制,通过向线圈23通电,从而通过所产生的磁场的作用而抵抗弹簧48的施力活动。由此,旁通孔36与冲孔47的位置对齐,旁通孔36打开。
通过将旁通孔34、36打开,从而旁通通路室31、空间16、线圈内通路24、空间15、旁通通路室35成为绕过阀13使第1液室4与第2液室5连通的连通路。挡板部件41、46成为使这种情况下的连通路开闭的开闭部。
从前述说明可知,电动减震器6为由磁铁21、线圈23等构成并使用从线性马达产生的磁力的电磁减震器。
作为开闭部的挡板部件41、46在打开时使用从前述线性马达产生的磁力。
图3A是图1B的局部放大图。图3B是示出图3A中电动减震器6最大行程时的图。第1液室4与旁通通路室31之间的旁通孔33如图3B所示,设置于在电动减震器6的最大行程时未被磁铁21封堵的位置。
接下来,说明本实施方式的作用。
图4A~图4C是说明悬架装置1的作用的悬架装置1的概念图。在车辆的通常行驶时,悬架装置1如图4A所示使用电动减震器6。在该情况下,挡板部件41、46打开。因此,各室经由前述连通路相连,液体能够如图4A中箭头所示移动至悬架装置1内,液体不经过阀13、14。因此不产生液压,不会发生由液体引起的衰减。电动减震器6使用电磁力来控制活塞12,产生针对车辆振动的衰减力。
图4B及图4C是在悬架装置1中使用液压式减震器的情况下的概念图。图4B示出杆11缩入(进入悬架装置1内)时,图4C示出伸出(从悬架装置1内出来)时。在车辆的通常行驶时,如前所述使用电动减震器6,在电动减震器6的控制OFF时、故障时使用液压式减震器7。即,在电动减震器6的控制OFF时、故障时,由于停止向线圈23通电,因此挡板部件41、46关闭。由此,不会出现图4A中如箭头所示的液体流动。因此,液压式减震器7与通常的多筒式减震器同样地,由阀13、14产生针对车辆振动的衰减力。
由此,在电动减震器6中,在发生系统故障等时(无法向线圈23供给任意电流时),由于能够迅速切换为液压式减震器7,因此能够避免在刚刚发生系统故障时衰减不足,能够使车辆的举动稳定。
而且,由于如图4A所示仅是形成供液体流动的连通路,因此能够提供活塞12的外径较小、构造较简单的悬架装置1。
另外,在前述连通路中作为开闭部设有挡板部件41、46。因此,在电动减震器6中,由于在发生系统故障等时能够迅速切换为液压式减震器7,因此能够避免在刚刚发生系统故障时衰减不足,使车辆的举动稳定。
电动减震器6为使用从前述线性马达产生的磁力的电磁减震器。因此,能够顺畅地驱动电动减震器6。
作为开闭部的挡板部件41、46使用从前述线性马达产生的磁力来驱动。因此,在电动减震器6中,在发生系统故障等时,能够可靠地切换为液压式减震器7。
另外,如图1B所示,在电动减震器6的最大行程时,旁通孔33设在未被磁铁21封堵的位置。因此,在电动减震器6的驱动时,由于前述连通路未被封堵,因此在最大行程时能够顺畅地驱动电动减震器6。

Claims (6)

1.一种悬架装置,其特征在于,包括:具有杆的液压式减震器,其为了通过在第1液室与第2液室之间位移来产生液压而具备阀;以及
电动减震器,其使用致动器电动地使所述杆位移,
所述悬架装置具备具备连通路,该连通路在所述电动减震器工作时绕过所述阀使所述第1液室与所述第2液室连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的悬架装置,其特征在于,
在所述连通路设有使该连通路开闭的开闭部。
3.根据权利要求1所述的悬架装置,其特征在于,
电动减震器为使用从线性马达产生的磁力的电磁减震器。
4.根据权利要求2所述的悬架装置,其特征在于,
电动减震器为使用从线性马达产生的磁力的电磁减震器。
5.根据权利要求2所述的悬架装置,其特征在于,
所述开闭部使用从线性马达产生的磁力。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的悬架装置,其特征在于,
在所述电动减震器的最大行程时,所述第1液室与所述连通路之间的孔设置在未由该电动减震器的磁铁封堵的位置。
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