CN114940908A - Soil remediation composition for relieving continuous cropping obstacle of ginseng and matched planting technology - Google Patents
Soil remediation composition for relieving continuous cropping obstacle of ginseng and matched planting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114940908A CN114940908A CN202210509821.2A CN202210509821A CN114940908A CN 114940908 A CN114940908 A CN 114940908A CN 202210509821 A CN202210509821 A CN 202210509821A CN 114940908 A CN114940908 A CN 114940908A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a soil remediation composition for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng and a matched planting technology. The invention discloses a soil improvement composition and a matched planting method, wherein the composition comprises ginseng stem and leaf residue, dictamnus dasycarpus and arisaema consanguineum schott. The matched planting method comprises the steps of clearing a garden and preparing soil, disinfecting the soil, preparing the composition, treating the soil, making a bed and sowing, and covering in a cold-proof way. The invention can obviously improve the microbial community and nutrient status of the soil of the old ginseng land. Compared with the single components, the soil improvement composition and the matched planting method have the advantages that the emergence rate of the ginseng planted by using the soil improvement composition and the matched planting method is up to 95.48 percent, the seedling survival rate is up to 91.23 percent, the longest root length can reach 14.23cm, the weight of a fresh root of a single plant is up to 4.71g, and the content of total saponins is up to 2.11 percent under the same dosage, so that the soil improvement composition has a better effect, has obvious difference compared with the prior art, and has an obvious synergistic effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a soil remediation composition for relieving continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng and a matched planting technology.
Background
Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is a plant of Panax of Araliaceae, is known as the king of various herbs, and has high medicinal and health-care values. At present, ginseng is mainly cultivated artificially, but ginseng is perennial root plant, land contraindication is extremely strong, soil after planting of one crop cannot be cultivated again within a few years or even dozens of years, serious continuous cropping obstacle problems exist, land available for planting ginseng is reduced year by year, and ginseng continuous cropping obstacle becomes a bottleneck of ginseng industry development.
In the prior art, the problems of low emergence rate, low seedling storage rate and the like of the ginseng planted under the influence of the continuous cropping obstacles are particularly obvious, and the length of the ginseng root planted in the continuous cropping soil, the weight of the single fresh root and the total saponin content are reduced compared with the ginseng planted for the first time. However, no effective solution is found at present for the technical problems related to the continuous cropping obstacle.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a soil remediation composition and a supporting planting technology for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng.
The invention provides an application of a plant extract in improving soil continuous cropping obstacles, wherein the plant extract comprises a dictamnus dasycarpus extract and/or a rhizoma arisaematis schottii extract.
The research of the invention shows that the soil treated by the dictamnus dasycarpus extract or the arisaema consanguineum extract can improve the continuous cropping obstacle of the ginseng soil, and the emergence rate, the seedling survival rate and the root length of the ginseng seedlings are obviously improved after the treatment by the extract. The dictamnus dasycarpus extract or the arisaema cum bile extract is used for treating soil, and the effective dose for improving continuous cropping obstacles of the soil is 10 kg-30 kg/mu. In the examples, the effect was verified at a dose of 20 kg/acre.
The invention also provides a composition for improving the continuous cropping obstacle of soil, wherein raw materials of the composition comprise ginseng stem and leaf residues and plant extracts; the plant extract comprises a Dictamnus dasycarpus extract and/or a rhizoma arisaematis cum bile extract.
In the embodiment of the invention, the composition consists of ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, a dictamnus dasycarpus extract and a rhizoma arisaematis extract. Wherein the mass ratio of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer to the dictamnus dasycarpus extract to the arisaema consanguineum extract is (500-2000): (0-50): (0 to 50).
The invention utilizes the ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer, the dictamnus dasycarpus extract and the rhizoma arisaematis extract to repair soil and improve continuous cropping obstacles. Compared with a control group which singly uses ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, a dictamnus extract or a rhizoma arisaematis extract, or a control group which uses ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer and one plant extract to be matched, the composition provided by the invention has more remarkable soil improvement effect, which shows that under the same dosage, the composition provided by the invention obtains more excellent effect, and the components of the composition obtain good synergistic effect through reasonable matching.
The composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis (500-2000): (1-50): (1-50).
In the embodiment of the invention, the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis (500-1500): (10-20): (5-20).
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, the dictamnus dasycarpus extract and the rhizoma arisaematis schott extract in the composition is (1000-1500): (10-20): (5-10).
In some specific embodiments, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 1500:20: 20.
In some specific embodiments, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 1000:10: 10.
In some specific embodiments, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 500:5: 5.
In other specific embodiments, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 1000:20: 10.
In other specific embodiments, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 500:20: 5.
In other specific embodiments, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 1000:10: 20.
In other specific embodiments, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 500:10: 10.
In a specific embodiment, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the extract of the rhizoma arisaematis is 1500:10: 5.
In a specific embodiment, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the rhizoma arisaematis extract to the rhizoma arisaematis is 500:5: 20.
In a specific embodiment, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the rhizoma arisaematis extract to the rhizoma arisaematis is 1500:5: 10.
In another specific embodiment, the composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: and (3) a dictamnus dasycarpus extract: the weight ratio of the rhizoma arisaematis extract to the rhizoma arisaematis is 1000:5: 5.
The invention also provides application of the composition in improving the continuous cropping obstacle of soil.
The soil continuous cropping obstacle comprises a ginseng continuous cropping obstacle.
The invention also provides a product for improving soil continuous cropping obstacles, which comprises the composition.
The invention also provides a method of ameliorating a continuous cropping obstacle in soil, the method comprising treating the soil with the product.
The method comprises the step of planting a ginseng crop on the soil with the ginseng continuous cropping obstacle, wherein the soil with the ginseng continuous cropping obstacle is the soil with the ginseng crop on which a ginseng crop is planted (commonly known as old ginseng land).
The treatment of soil with the product of the present invention includes the use of the product of the present invention after soil preparation. The amount used is 500 kg/mu.
The invention discloses a soil improvement composition for relieving continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng and a matched planting method.
The ginseng is a perennial root plant with strong soil contraindication, the ginseng continuous cropping obstacle is the problem that the soil after planting a crop cannot be planted within several years or even dozens of years, so that the problem of serious continuous cropping obstacle exists, and the repeated continuous cropping of the ginseng land can not be realized at present.
In the matched planting method, the total time is 4 years, after 9 months in the first year are harvested, garden cleaning and soil preparation are carried out to the beginning of 5 months at the bottom of 4 months in the second year, after 6 months in the second year, the soil improvement composition is applied in 8-9 months in the second year, and then soil preparation and sowing are carried out for 10 months in the second year, and then covering is carried out; and performing normal field management 4 months later in the third year until harvesting in autumn of the fourth year to obtain the biennial ginseng.
The application rate of the soil improvement composition is 500 kg/mu.
The invention discloses a soil improvement composition for relieving continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng and a matched planting method, and particularly relates to a soil treatment composition for improving continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng, which is used for treating soil and comprises ginseng stem and leaf residues, fresh Chinese cabbage and rhizoma arisaematis northeast. The specific matched planting method comprises garden cleaning and soil preparation, soil disinfection, preparation and application of the composition, bed making, sowing and cold-proof covering. The treatment can obviously improve the soil microbial community and soil nutrient condition of the old ginseng land, improve the emergence rate of ginseng seedlings to 95.48 percent, ensure that the seedling survival rate of the biennial ginseng reaches 91.23 percent, obviously improve the weight of a single ginseng plant and the content of total ginsenoside, improve the continuous cropping obstacle of the old ginseng land, simultaneously achieve the high-efficiency utilization of ginseng stem and leaf residues and reduce the environmental pollution.
Compared with the single component, the soil improvement composition and the matched planting method have the advantages that the emergence rate of ginseng planted by using the soil improvement composition and the matched planting method is higher and reaches 95.48%, the seedling survival rate of biennial ginseng reaches 91.23%, the maximum root length can reach 14.23cm, the weight of a single fresh root reaches 4.71g, and the total saponin content reaches 2.11%, so that the soil improvement composition and the matched planting method have better effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts;
FIG. 1 shows the growth of a control group of ginseng;
FIG. 2 shows the growth of ginseng after treatment with the composition of example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a soil remediation composition for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng and a matched planting technology, and a person skilled in the art can realize the soil remediation composition by appropriately improving process parameters by referring to the content. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications disclosed herein, or appropriate variations and combinations thereof, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The preparation method of the ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer comprises the steps of collecting ginseng stem leaves in a harvest period (generally in 9 middle ten days), smashing the ginseng stem leaves into small segments, adding the small segments into an extraction tank, adding 10 times of water, boiling and extracting for 2-3 hours, filtering a solution (the extracting solution is used for preparing ginseng stem leaf saponin), uniformly composting and fermenting the extracted ginseng stem leaves, covering a film on the upper layer of a stem leaf residue pile for improving the fermentation speed and the fermentation effect, keeping for 3-5 days when the internal temperature reaches 50-70 ℃, turning the pile, turning the bottom and external materials into the pile, continuing to ferment, repeating the turning step when the temperature rises again, turning the pile for 2-3 times, and promoting the sufficient fermentation of ginseng stem leaf residues to obtain the ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer.
The Dictamnus dasycarpus extract is prepared by pulverizing root of Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz with a pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain Dictamnus dasycarpus powder. According to the material-liquid ratio of 1 (10-15), the dictamnus dasycarpus powder and 70-75% ethanol are leached for 24-32 h, and the leaching temperature is 25-30 ℃. In order to improve the leaching effect, the crude extract is placed in an ultrasonic instrument for ultrasonic treatment, the ultrasonic extraction temperature is 30-35 ℃, the extraction time is 30-40 min, and the filtrate 1 is collected after filtration. And (3) ultrasonically extracting the filter residue with 70-75% ethanol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 (5-10), wherein the ultrasonic extraction temperature is 30-35 ℃, the extraction time is 30-40 min, and filtering to obtain a filtrate 2. And combining the filtrates for 2 times, concentrating the filtrates into paste by adopting a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure, carrying out rotary evaporation at the water bath temperature of 50-60 ℃ to obtain extract, drying the extract by adopting a vacuum drier at the drying temperature of 50-60 ℃ under the relative vacuum degree of-0.08-0.085 MPa for 48h, and crushing the dried extract product after drying to obtain the dictamnus dasycarpus extract.
The rhizoma arisaematis (Arisaema amurense Maxim.) extract is prepared from rhizome of Arisaema amurense by the same method as the cortex Dictamni Radicis extract.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
Composition 1: the composition 1 is prepared by adding 20g of the dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 20g of the arisaema consanguineum extract into 1.5kg of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer.
Example 2
Composition 2: the composition 2 is prepared by mixing the fresh white extract 20g and the rhizoma arisaematis 10g in the ratio of 1.0kg of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer.
Example 3
Composition 3: the composition 3 is prepared by adding 20g of the dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 5g of the arisaema cum bile extract into 0.5kg of the ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer.
Example 4
Composition 4: the composition 4 is prepared by adding 10g of the dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 20g of the arisaema cum bile extract into 1.0kg of the ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer and mixing.
Example 5
Composition 5: the composition 5 is prepared by adding 10g of the Dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 10g of the rhizoma arisaematis extract into 0.5kg of the residue fertilizer of the stem and leaf of the ginseng according to the proportion.
Example 6
Composition 6: the composition 6 is prepared by adding 10g of the dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 5g of the arisaema cum bile extract into 1.5kg of the ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer and mixing.
Example 7
Composition 7: adding 5g of the Dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 20g of the rhizoma arisaematis cum bile extract into 0.5kg of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, and mixing to obtain the composition 7.
Example 8
Composition 8: adding 5g of the Dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 10g of the rhizoma arisaematis cum bile extract into 1.5kg of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, and mixing to obtain the composition 8.
Example 9
Composition 9: the composition 9 is prepared by adding 5g of the Dictamnus dasycarpus extract and 5g of the rhizoma arisaematis extract into 1.0kg of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer.
Example 10
Composition 10: the composition 10 is prepared by mixing 1kg of ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer and 20g of dictamnus dasycarpus extract.
Example 11
Composition 11: the composition 11 is prepared by mixing 1kg of ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer and 10g of rhizoma arisaematis cum bile extract.
Example 12
The extract of Dictamnus dasycarpus was used as example 12. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pulverizing Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz root, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain Dictamnus dasycarpus powder. According to the material-liquid ratio of 1 (10-15), the dictamnus dasycarpus powder and 70-75% ethanol are leached for 24-32 h, and the leaching temperature is 25-30 ℃. In order to improve the leaching effect, the crude extract is placed in an ultrasonic instrument for ultrasonic treatment, the ultrasonic extraction temperature is 30-35 ℃, the extraction time is 30-40 min, and the filtrate 1 is collected after filtration. And (3) ultrasonically extracting the filter residue with 70-75% ethanol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 (5-10), wherein the ultrasonic extraction temperature is 30-35 ℃, the extraction time is 30-40 min, and filtering to obtain a filtrate 2. And combining the filtrates for 2 times, concentrating the filtrates into paste by adopting a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure, carrying out rotary evaporation at the water bath temperature of 50-60 ℃ to obtain extract, drying the extract by adopting a vacuum drier at the drying temperature of 50-60 ℃ under the relative vacuum degree of-0.08-0.085 MPa for 48h, and crushing the dried extract product after drying to obtain the dictamnus dasycarpus extract.
Example 13
The extract of arisaema consanguineum schott was used as example 13. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pulverizing rhizoma arisaematis (Arisaema amurense Maxim.) with a pulverizer, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain rhizoma arisaematis powder. According to the material-liquid ratio of 1 (10-15), the arisaema consanguineum schott powder and 70-75% ethanol are leached for 24-32 h, and the leaching temperature is 25-30 ℃. In order to improve the leaching effect, the crude extract is placed in an ultrasonic instrument for ultrasonic treatment, the ultrasonic extraction temperature is 30-35 ℃, the extraction time is 30-40 min, and the filtrate 1 is collected after filtration. And (3) carrying out ultrasonic extraction on the filter residue and 70-75% ethanol according to the material-liquid ratio of 1 (5-10), wherein the ultrasonic extraction temperature is 30-35 ℃, the extraction time is 30-40 min, and filtering to obtain a filtrate 2. And combining the filtrates for 2 times, concentrating the filtrates into paste by adopting a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure, drying the paste by adopting a vacuum drier at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ in a rotary evaporation water bath for 48 hours at the relative vacuum degree value of-0.08-0.085 MPa for drying, and crushing dried extract products to obtain the rhizoma arisaematis extract.
Example 14
A fertilizer of ginseng stem and leaf residues was used as example 14. The preparation method comprises the following steps: collecting ginseng stem leaves in a harvesting period (generally in the middle ten days of 9 months), crushing the ginseng stem leaves into small segments, adding the small segments into an extraction tank, adding 10 times of water, boiling and extracting for 2-3 hours, filtering out a solution (an extracting solution is used for preparing ginseng stem leaf saponins), uniformly composting and fermenting the extracted ginseng stem leaves, covering a film on the upper layer of a stem leaf residue pile to improve the fermentation speed and effect, keeping the pile for 3-5 days when the internal temperature reaches 50-70 ℃, turning the pile, turning the bottom and external materials into the pile, continuing fermentation, raising the temperature again, repeating the pile turning step, turning the pile for 2-3 times, promoting the full fermentation of ginseng stem leaf residues, and obtaining the ginseng stem leaf residue fertilizer.
Effect verification
The compositions of examples 1-11 and the products of example 14 were treated with 500kg of soil per acre, and the products of examples 12, 13 were treated with 20kg, 10kg of soil per acre, and the method included.
After ginseng is harvested in the middle and last ten days of 9 months in 2018, plant residues (such as residual roots, stems, leaves and the like) remained in old ginseng land (land planted with one crop of ginseng) are intensively cleaned, and are uniformly burnt after being dried in the sun to prevent pathogenic bacteria from spreading and spreading. And deeply ploughing the old ginseng land in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, wherein the deep ploughing depth is preferably 30-35 cm.
In 2019, in spring, at the bottom of 4 months and at the beginning of 5 months, the ginseng land is subjected to rotary tillage, and soil blocks are smashed and mixed uniformly.
Soil disinfection treatment is carried out in 6 months (no disinfection treatment is carried out in contrast), the agent adopts 90% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, diluted spraying is carried out by adding water (1:50), the dosage of 100kg of diluted aqueous solution per mu is adopted, rotary tillage is carried out on ginseng land, the agent and the soil are mixed uniformly, a film is coated on the ginseng land for 10-15 days, the volatilization speed of the agent is reduced, and the disinfection effect is improved. After the belt is sterilized, the film is collected at one end of the ground for the next use.
And in 8-9 months, uniformly applying all the samples in the examples and the samples in the control group on the surface layer of the ginseng land, then carrying out rotary tillage on the ginseng land to uniformly mix the ginseng land and the soil, covering the ginseng land with a film, improving the temperature of the soil and increasing the proliferation speed of microorganisms in the soil of the ginseng land.
The grouping was as follows, each processing plot having an area of 1.5m 2 Each set was 3 replicates.
The products of examples 1-14 were used as test materials, wherein the products of examples 12 and 13 treated soil at 20 kg/mu and 10 kg/mu, and the other test groups treated soil at 500 kg/mu.
Soil without any test substance was used as a negative control.
According to the following steps: 300, and the application amount is 1000 g/mu Liyuan Feng (Ningan city Liyuan Feng biological technology Co., Ltd. in Heilongjiang province) as a positive control 1; according to the following steps: 200 dilution, application rate 5L (1 barrel)/mu No. 1 (Qingdao Fubang Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) treatment as positive control 2.
And (3) initially making the bed in 10 months, wherein the height of the bed is 25-30 cm, the width of the bed is 1.5m, the distance between beds is 50cm, and the fine bed surface is raked to ensure that the bed soil is uniform and consistent in thickness.
Sowing in autumn in middle and last ten days of 10 months, soaking split ginseng seeds (the ginseng seeds are subjected to embryo after-ripening, the embryo rate reaches more than 80%) in 500 times of carbendazim solution for 1 hour, and sowing in dibbling mode (5 x 5).
After sowing, covering the ginseng bed surface with crushed corn straws and pine needles (1: 1) to the thickness of about 2-3 cm, which is favorable for moisture preservation of soil humidity and winter protection. Then, the whole wound surface is covered by a black shading net, and the periphery of the bed is fixed to prevent the wound surface covering from being blown away by wind.
Removing the bed surface black shading net in the middle and last ten days of 2020, building a shed for shading, investigating the emergence rate in the early 5 months, and then carrying out conventional field management such as intertillage weeding, water irrigation and the like. And (4) surveying the seedling storage rate at the beginning of 2021 and 9 months, collecting samples, and measuring the root length, the fresh weight of a single root and the content of total saponins to further perform comprehensive evaluation.
The statistical data are as follows:
the rate of emergence is (number of seedlings grown in field/number of seeds sowed) x 100%
The seedling storage rate is (number of seedling storage plants/number of seedling emergence) multiplied by 100%
In the formula, W i Is an index weight, f (X) i ) Is index membership and n is index number. The index weight represents the ratio of the average value of the correlation coefficient between a certain index and other indexes to the sum of the average values of the correlation coefficients of all the evaluation indexes.
The membership degree is determined by a membership degree function to which the evaluation index belongs. Membership functions are generally classified into ascending and descending types. And (4) selecting a function and determining the membership degree of the function according to the positive and negative effects of each treatment pair on comprehensive evaluation. This study showed that the treatment was positive for each index, so ascending membership functions were chosen; turning point x having minimum and maximum values of each index as a function 1 And x 2 . The rising membership function formula:
TABLE 1 verification of the influence of different experimental groups on ginseng
Remarking: the lower case letters in the same column of shoulder marks indicate a level of significance of 5% (p < 0.05).
The results of experiments show that the treatment group containing the two mixed extracts and the ginseng stem leaf residue is superior to the treatment groups of other embodiments, Liyuan Feng and No. 1 soil remediation in the aspects of emergence rate, seedling survival rate, root length, fresh root weight of a single plant and total saponin content. The optimal use ratio of the dictamnus dasycarpus extract, the rhizoma arisaematis extract and the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer is selected. Through comprehensive evaluation results, the maximum value is selected as the optimal combination, so that the optimal mixing ratio of the dictamnus dasycarpus extract, the rhizoma arisaematis extract and the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer is 2: 1: 100Kg, the using amount per mu is 500Kg, the rate of emergence is 95.48%, the seedling survival rate of biennial ginseng is 91.23%, the root length is 14.23cm, the weight of a single fresh root is 4.71g, and the content of total saponins is 2.11%, which is obviously superior to other treatment combinations.
The invention discloses a soil remediation composition for alleviating continuous cropping obstacles of ginseng and a matched planting technology, and particularly comprises the steps of clearing a garden and preparing soil, disinfecting the soil, preparing ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, preparing and applying extracts of dictamnus dasycarpus and arisaema consanguineum schott, making a bed and sowing, and covering in a cold-proof way. According to the invention, through the technology of disinfecting soil of the old ginseng land and adopting the fresh rhizoma arisaematis extract and the stem leaf residue fertilizer of the panax ginseng to repair, the soil microbial community and soil nutrient condition of the old ginseng land can be obviously improved, the seedling emergence rate of the ginseng seedlings is improved to 95.48%, the seedling survival rate of the biennial ginseng seedlings reaches 91.23%, the single plant weight of the ginseng and the total ginsenoside content are obviously improved, the continuous cropping obstacle of the old ginseng land is improved, meanwhile, the efficient utilization of the stem leaf residue of the panax ginseng is achieved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The application of the plant extract in improving the soil continuous cropping obstacle comprises a dictamnus dasycarpus extract and/or a arisaema cum bile extract.
2. The composition for improving the continuous cropping obstacle of the soil is characterized in that raw materials of the composition comprise ginseng stem and leaf residues and plant extracts; the plant extract comprises a Dictamnus dasycarpus extract and/or a rhizoma arisaematis cum bile extract.
3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein the composition consists of ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, dictamnus dasycarpus extract and arisaema consanguineum extract; wherein the mass ratio of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer to the dictamnus dasycarpus extract to the arisaema consanguineum extract is (500-2000): (0-50): (0 to 50).
4. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer to the dictamnus dasycarpus extract to the arisaema cum bile extract in the composition is (1000-1500): (10-20): (5-10).
5. The composition as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the mass ratio of the ginseng stem and leaf residue fertilizer, the dictamnus dasycarpus extract and the arisaema consanguineum extract in the composition is 1000:20:10 or 1500:10: 5.
6. Use of the composition of any one of claims 2 to 5 for improving a soil continuous cropping obstacle.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the soil continuous cropping obstacle comprises a ginseng continuous cropping obstacle.
8. A product for improving soil continuous cropping obstacles, comprising the composition of any one of claims 2 to 5.
9. A method of ameliorating a soil continuous cropping obstacle, comprising treating the soil with the product of claim 8.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the soil comprises ginseng continuous cropping obstacle soil; the application amount is 500 kg/mu.
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