CN114886045A - 一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114886045A CN114886045A CN202210587056.6A CN202210587056A CN114886045A CN 114886045 A CN114886045 A CN 114886045A CN 202210587056 A CN202210587056 A CN 202210587056A CN 114886045 A CN114886045 A CN 114886045A
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明提供一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料及制备方法，该复合饲料包括：营养饲料55～60份、诱食饲料8～10份、助消化添加剂2～4份、0.05～0.1份复合益生菌、复合氨基酸0.8～1.2份、矿物质添加剂0.02～0.08份和维生素添加剂0.05～0.15份；诱食饲料包括裙带粉、甘薯茎粉、酸枣仁粉和甜叶菊；助消化添加剂是由连藕粉和花生藤粉组合发酵而得的复合发酵物；本发明针对嘉积鸭雏期的生长特点，制备的复合饲料适用于四周龄嘉积鸭育雏期的饲喂，既可明显提高雏鸭的采食量，又促进雏鸭的均衡消化吸收，成活率高，有利于嘉积鸭的高质量且规模化的育雏，提高嘉积鸭的供给体系质量和效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及家禽饲养技术领域，特别涉及一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料及制备方法。
背景技术
嘉积鸭属瘤头鸭，俗称番鸭，是海南省地方肉鸭品种，其以脯大、皮薄、肉嫩、骨软、脂肪少、肥而不腻、营养价值高等优点而深受消费者喜爱。
在嘉积鸭育雏期的饲养过程中，对于四周龄内的雏鸭而言，其具有生长体消旺盛，而肠胃发育不足，采食量低等特点。长期以来，由于对嘉积鸭雏鸭饲喂的不合理，易使雏鸭生长所需的蛋白质和能量供给不足、生长质量低或饲料转化率低，消化率低，最终导致发病率高，成活率低等问题，不利于嘉积鸭规模化育雏，影响市面雏鸭供应，因此，制备一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的易消化且高能量的复合饲料，以改善嘉积鸭雏鸭的高质量饲养，促进嘉积鸭高效地规模化发展，提高嘉积鸭的供给体系质量和效率。
发明内容
鉴于此，本发明提出一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料及制备方法。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
本发明提供一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，按照重量份数比，包括：营养饲料55～60份、诱食饲料8～10份、助消化添加剂2～4份、0.05～0.1份复合益生菌、复合氨基酸0.8～1.2份、矿物质添加剂0.02～0.08份和维生素添加剂0.05～0.15份；所述诱食饲料包括裙带粉、甘薯茎粉、酸枣仁粉和甜叶菊；
所述助消化添加剂是由连藕粉和花生藤粉组合发酵而得的复合发酵物。
更优选的，所述营养饲料，按照重量份数比，包括小麦粉20～30份、玉米蛋白粉6～8份、木薯粉3～5份、鱼粉2～4份、膨化豆粕8～10份、菜籽粕2～4份、食盐1～2份和食用油1～3份。
更优选的，所述复合益生菌包括重量份数比:2:3:1～2:1～2的乳酸菌、酿酒酵母、长双歧杆菌和保加利亚乳杆菌。
更优选的，所述助消化添加剂中，连藕粉和花生藤粉的重量份数比为5:2～3。
进一步说明，所述助消化添加剂是由连藕粉和花生藤粉按重量份数比5:2混合，加入占助消化添加剂的0.03～0.05wt％解淀粉芽孢杆菌、0.03～0.05wt％植物乳杆菌和0.5～1倍原料体积的水混合均匀后，于30～33℃下发酵24～32h，均质，干燥而得的复合发酵物。
更优选的，所述诱食饲料，按照重量份数比，包括：18～22份裙带粉、甘薯茎粉15～19份、6～8份酸枣仁粉和3～5份甜叶菊。
更优选的，所述复合氨基酸为赖氨酸3～5份、蛋氨酸0.5～1.5份、谷氨酸1～2份、苏氨酸1～1.5份、精氨酸2～2.5份、丝氨酸1～2份。
矿物质添加剂包括硫酸锌、碳酸钙、氯化钙、硫酸镁、氯化铜、硫酸铁、硫酸锌、碘化钾、氯化钾、磷酸二氢钾中的一种或多种组合；
维生素添加剂包括维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B6、维生素B12、维生素D3、维生素E、氯化胆碱、烟酸、泛酸钙、叶酸中的一种或多种组合。
一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按照原料配比，将营养饲料和诱食饲料混合，得到预混料；
(2)向预混料中加入复合益生菌和0.3～0.5倍预混料体积的水，28～30℃自然发酵4～6h，得到发酵预混料；
(3)将发酵预混料与助消化添加剂、复合氨基酸、矿物质添加剂和维生素添加剂混合，均质，干燥，挤压制粒，即得到嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料成品。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明制备得的复合饲料是针对嘉积鸭雏期的生长特点，适用于4周龄嘉积鸭育雏期的饲喂，通过采用裙带粉、甘薯茎粉、酸枣仁粉和甜叶菊搭配形成诱食饲料与营养饲料组合，利用具有一定诱食作用的裙带粉、甘薯茎替代部分的营养饲料，不仅配比合理营养全面，而且搭配甜叶菊与酸枣仁粉，可显著改善雏鸭的摄食量，满足雏鸭生长所需的营养供给；同时添加了由连藕粉和花生藤粉组合发酵而得的复合发酵物作为助消化剂，能够有效促进雏鸭的均衡消化吸收，使雏鸭的饲料转化效率明显提高；同时，亦可促进雏鸭的消化系统的发育，使雏鸭生长快且免疫机能增强，发病率低。通过合理投喂该复合饲料，饲料各成分平衡搭配，有利于改善嘉积鸭雏鸭的饲养质量，促进嘉积鸭的高质量且规模化的育雏，提高嘉积鸭雏鸭的供给体系质量和效率。
(2)本发明采用经发酵处理的连藕粉和花生藤粉混合物作为雏鸭饲料的助消化剂，其无任何化学添加剂，且更有利于雏鸭的消化系统发育，增强雏鸭的抵抗力，并与诱食饲料组合，可更好的改善饲料的适口性，促进雏鸭的摄食，提高嘉积鸭育雏的成活率。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明技术内容，下面提供具体实施例，对本发明做进一步的说明。
本发明实施例所用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。
本发明实施例所用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
实施例
适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其原料配方包括营养饲料、诱食饲料、助消化添加剂、复合益生菌、复合氨基酸、矿物质添加剂和维生素添加剂。
根据上述复合饲料的原料配方，配制不同的复合饲料的原料组分配比如下表1所示：
表1不同复合饲料的原料组分配比
上述嘉积鸭育雏期复合饲料的制备方法为：
(1)按照原料配比，将营养饲料和诱食饲料混合，得到预混料；
(2)向预混料中加入复合益生菌和0.4倍预混料体积的水，28～30℃自然发酵5h，得到发酵预混料；
(3)将发酵预混料与助消化添加剂、复合氨基酸、矿物质添加剂和维生素添加剂混合，均质，干燥，挤压制粒，即得到嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料成品。
其中，该营养饲料，按照重量份数比包括小麦粉25份、玉米蛋白粉7份、木薯粉4份、鱼粉3份、膨化豆粕9份、菜籽粕3份、食盐1.5份和食用油2份；
该诱食饵料，按照重量份数比，包括20份裙带粉、甘薯茎粉16份、7份酸枣仁粉和4份甜叶菊。
助消化添加剂是由连藕粉和花生藤粉按重量份数比5:2混合，加入0.04wt％解淀粉芽孢杆菌、0.04wt％植物乳杆菌和0.5倍原料体积的水混合均匀后，于31℃下发酵30h，均质，干燥而得的复合发酵物。
复合益生菌包括重量份数比:2:3:1:1的乳酸菌、酿酒酵母、长双歧杆菌和保加利亚乳杆菌。
复合氨基酸为赖氨酸4份、蛋氨酸1份、谷氨酸1.5份、苏氨酸1.2份、精氨酸2.2份、丝氨酸1.5份。
实施例5
将依据上述实施例3～4和对照例1～2制得的复合饲料进行嘉积鸭4周龄期间的饲喂实验，取同批同3日龄、体形生长状况良好均等的嘉积鸭240只，随机分为4组，于25～28℃鸭舍中分隔独立饲养，每组分别采用不同复合饲料投喂，自由采食，记录各组的雏鸭的生长情况，并在饲4周龄(28d)后，禁食10h，称量的雏鸭的体重情况，其结果如下表2。
表2各组嘉积鸭雏鸭的生长情况
由上表可知，实施例3和实施例4的雏鸭生长情况明显优于对照例1和2，其中，对照例1中降低了助消化添加剂的用量，雏鸭的料重比明显增大，表明饲料的转化率低，雏鸭的消化吸收率不足，且成活率低，发病率较高；对照例2中降低诱食饲料的用量时，雏鸭的采食量降低，其摄食量低，导致了增重量降低，料重比增加，表明本发明利用具有一定诱食作用的裙带粉、甘薯茎替代部分的营养饲料，保证雏鸭生长所需的营养供给，而且搭配甜叶菊与酸枣仁粉，改善饲料的适口性，显著提升雏鸭的摄食量，促进雏鸭的生长。
实施例6
适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其原料配方按照重量份数比，包括营养饲料58份、诱食饲料9份、助消化添加剂4份、复合益生菌0.06份、复合氨基酸0.9份、矿物质添加剂0.04份和维生素添加剂0.1份。其制备方法同实施例4。
其中，该诱食饵料是由重量份数比为20份裙带粉、甘薯茎粉19份、7份酸枣仁粉和1份甜叶菊混合制备而成，其余营养饲料、助消化添加剂、复合益生菌等饲料组分同实施例4。经对嘉积鸭雏鸭的进行饲养实验结果，发现4周龄雏鸭的生长质量有所降低，其日平均采食量降低至85.27g，表明本发明搭配一定用量的甜叶菊与酸枣仁粉，有利于促进雏鸭的摄食。
实施例7
适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其原料配方，按照重量份数比，包括营养饲料58份、诱食饲料9份、助消化添加剂4份、复合益生菌0.06份、复合氨基酸0.9份、矿物质添加剂0.04份和维生素添加剂0.1份。其制备方法同实施例4。
其中，该助消化添加剂中的连藕粉和花生藤粉的重量份比为1:1。其余营养饲料、诱食饲料、复合益生菌等饲料组分同实施例4。
经对嘉积鸭雏鸭的进行饲养实验结果，发现4周龄雏鸭的料重比增加至2.92，即，雏鸭对饲料的转化率降低，表明调控一定用量的连藕粉和花生藤粉的配比，在改善雏鸭的消化吸收能力的同时，有利于保证饲料的适口性，促进雏鸭早期的摄食，提高其生长速度。
对照例3
适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其原料配方，按照重量份数比，包括营养饲料58份、诱食饲料9份、助消化添加剂4份、复合益生菌0.06份、复合氨基酸0.9份、矿物质添加剂0.04份和维生素添加剂0.1份。其制备方法同实施例4。
其中，该助消化添加剂，采用同质量配比的未发酵处理的连藕粉和花生藤粉替代连藕粉和花生藤粉的复合发酵物。
经对嘉积鸭雏鸭的进行饲养实验结果，发现4周龄雏鸭的料重比增加，且平均日增重量为19.25g，平均日采食量为78.25g，料重比为4.06，雏鸭的摄食量低，饲料的利用率也明显降低，表明本发明采用经发酵处理的连藕粉和花生藤粉混合物作为雏鸭饲料的助消化剂，不仅有利于改善雏鸭的消化吸收能力，促进消化系统的发育，可更好的改善饲料的适口性，促进雏鸭的摄食，提高嘉积鸭育雏的成活率。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其特征在于：按照重量份数比，包括：营养饲料55～60份、诱食饲料8～10份、助消化添加剂2～4份、0.05～0.1份复合益生菌、复合氨基酸0.8～1.2份、矿物质添加剂0.02～0.08份和维生素添加剂0.05～0.15份；
所述诱食饲料包括裙带粉、甘薯茎粉、酸枣仁粉和甜叶菊；所述助消化添加剂是由连藕粉和花生藤粉组合发酵而得的复合发酵物。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其特征在于：所述营养饲料，按照重量份数比，包括：小麦粉20～30份、玉米蛋白粉6～8份、木薯粉3～5份、鱼粉2～4份、膨化豆粕8～10份、菜籽粕2～4份、食盐1～2份和食用油1～3份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其特征在于：所述复合益生菌包括重量份数比为2:3:1～2:1～2的乳酸菌、酿酒酵母、长双歧杆菌和保加利亚乳杆菌。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其特征在于：所述助消化添加剂中，连藕粉和花生藤粉的重量份数比为5:2～3。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其特征在于：所述助消化添加剂是由连藕粉和花生藤粉按重量份数比5:2混合，加入0.03～0.05wt％解淀粉芽孢杆菌、0.03～0.05wt％植物乳杆菌和0.5～1倍原料体积的水混合均匀后，于30～33℃下发酵24～32h，均质，干燥而得的复合发酵物。
6.如权利要求1所述的用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其特征在于：所述诱食饲料，按照重量份数比，包括：18～22份裙带粉、甘薯茎粉15～19份、6～8份酸枣仁粉和3～5份甜叶菊。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料，其特征在于：所述复合氨基酸为赖氨酸3～5份、蛋氨酸0.5～1.5份、谷氨酸1～2份、苏氨酸1～1.5份、精氨酸2～2.5份、丝氨酸1～2份。
8.一种如权利要求1～7中任意一项所述的适用于嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
(1)按照原料配比，将营养饲料和诱食饲料混合，得到预混料；
(2)向预混料中加入复合益生菌和0.3～0.5倍预混料体积的水，28～30℃自然发酵4～6h，得到发酵预混料；
(3)将发酵预混料与助消化添加剂、复合氨基酸、矿物质添加剂和维生素添加剂混合，均质，干燥，挤压制粒，即得到嘉积鸭育雏期的复合饲料成品。
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