CN114885824B - Artificial pollination method for white persimmon - Google Patents
Artificial pollination method for white persimmon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for artificial pollination of white persimmon, and relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pollen collection, (2) preparation of pollen suspension and (3) artificial pollination; the method is simple to operate, economical and practical, the inflorescence fruit setting rate after artificial pollination reaches 60% -70%, and the flower fruit setting rate reaches 25% -35%; compared with the inflorescence fruit setting rate of natural pollination, the method has the advantages of 35% -45%, 20% -30% compared with the flower fruit setting rate of natural pollination, high big fruit rate, good fruit quality and good production applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a method for artificial pollination of white persimmon.
Background
Bai Shi (Casimiroa edulis Llave & Lex), the aliases ice cream fruit, white fruit, mexico apple, belong to the genus Rutaceae, are evergreen medium-sized trees. The origin of white persimmon is in mexico and central america, etc., and belongs to tropical and subtropical fruits. White persimmon flowers in 12 months to 3 months next year in China, and the mature period of fruits is 5-7 months. The fruit is nearly spherical or flat spherical, the peel is light green or yellowish green, the pulp is white or yellow, the fruit is soft and sweet, the aroma is strong, and the sugar degree is not equal to 14-20 ℃. Commercial cultivation of white persimmon as an emerging fruit in our country has also begun in recent years. The fruit is favored by consumers due to the novelty of the fruit and the richness of the nutritional value of the fruit, and has high selling price and broad market prospect.
White persimmon is an emerging tropical fruit, the economic cultivation area of China is continuously enlarged in recent years, but the problem that the main cultivated variety W4 white persimmon has large flower amount, few fruits and low fruit yield is found in the cultivation production of fruit growers. Preliminary observation studies showed that: the serious problem of the white persimmon falling fruit caused by W4 is probably caused by the fact that the anther is underdeveloped and does not contain pollen, so that a large number of falling fruits cannot be pollinated and fertilized; meanwhile, the white persimmon is pollinated mainly through insect activities, but the flowering period is mainly 1-2 months, the air temperature is low, the insect activities are not active, and the natural pollination fruit setting rate is still low and is extremely unstable under the condition of configuring a pollinating tree. Therefore, the artificial pollination of the white persimmon is a good method for improving the fruiting quantity, but the artificial pollination technology of the white persimmon is not systematically researched at home at present, and the related technology is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for artificial pollination of white persimmon, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention mainly adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for artificial pollination of white persimmon, comprising the following steps:
s1, pollen collection, namely selecting a white persimmon variety plant which grows robustly, has no plant diseases and insect pests and has pollen, collecting the whole flowers of the white persimmon variety plant on the same day after the flower buds of the small flowers are opened, naturally ventilating and airing water drops on the surfaces of the flowers of the white persimmon variety plant, and picking off anthers of the white persimmon variety plant by using tweezers or directly placing the whole flowers of the white persimmon variety plant into a centrifuge tube;
s2, preparing pollen suspension, namely adding pollen anthers or whole florets into the suspension when the pollen suspension reaches a field pollination site, and shaking the pollen suspension uniformly to ensure that the pollen suspension becomes light yellow and pollen is uniformly suspended in the solution;
s3, artificial pollination: pollination is carried out in batches at the early stage of the flower filling of the white persimmon, more than half of inflorescences with florets already opened are selected, and artificial pollination is carried out first.
In the invention, in the step S1, the pollen collecting time is 11:00-15:00 am.
In the step S1, before the anther is placed in the centrifuge tube, it should also be observed whether the anther is cracked, and the cracked anther is directly stored in the centrifuge tube; for the anther which is not cracked, firstly spreading the anther in a culture dish paved with paper, placing the anther in a cool and ventilated indoor place, and storing the anther in a centrifuge tube after the anther is cracked.
Preferably, in the step S1, the anthers or flowers are batched and loaded into a plurality of centrifuge tubes, and the amount of the anthers or flowers loaded into each centrifuge tube is 1/3-1 times of the height of the centrifuge tube.
In the step S2, if the anther is placed in the centrifuge tube, the centrifuge tube is further placed in a bag filled with 0.5g of silica gel desiccant to avoid direct contact between silica gel and pollen, and then the centrifuge tube is placed in a self-sealing bag for sealing and stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for standby; if the flowers are placed in a centrifuge tube, the flowers are directly soaked with the suspension.
Preferably, in the step S2, the suspension includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: every 100 parts of water contains 8-12 parts of sucrose, 0.08-0.12 part of agar, 0.01-0.05 part of boric acid and 0.01-0.05 part of calcium nitrate.
Further, the preparation method of the suspension comprises the following steps: 8-12 parts of sucrose, 0.08-0.12 part of agar, 0.01-0.05 part of boric acid and 0.01-0.05 part of calcium nitrate are respectively added into 100 parts of water, heated and stirred uniformly at 90-100 ℃, kept stand and cooled for standby, and the prepared suspension is used within two days.
In the invention, in the step S3, flower thinning and bud thinning treatment is required before pollination, malformed flowers and thin-stalk weak flowers are removed, top flowers and thick-stalk strong flowers in inflorescences are reserved, and 4-6 flowers are reserved in each inflorescences for pollination.
Further, in the step S3, the specific operation of artificial pollination is one of the following methods:
(1) If the prepared pollen suspension is 10-50ml, dipping the pollen suspension by a writing brush, lightly smearing the pollen suspension on the stigma, and ensuring that a layer of water mist is stuck on the stigma after pollination;
(2) If the prepared pollen suspension reaches more than 200ml, the pollen suspension is filled into a sprayer in a spray pollination mode, and the inflorescences subjected to flower and bud thinning treatment are directly sprayed, and fine water drops are observed on the surfaces of flowers and stigmas after each spraying.
In addition, in the step S3, the time of artificial pollination is 12 months of the flowering period of the white persimmon to 2 months of the next year.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the pollen collecting time is selected from 11:00-15:00 am, the anther splitting powder dispersing time is positive in the time period, the quantity of the collected pollen is large, the pollen germination force is highest, and the pollen germination force reaches about 35%; meanwhile, a natural shadow dry powder method is adopted for the non-cracked anther, so that the influence of constant-temperature drying on the reduction of the activity of the white persimmon pollen is avoided; the pollen is stored by being put together with a silica gel drying agent, so that the pollen can be absorbed by moisture, and the pollen is kept to be stored in a dry and airtight environment, and is sealed and then put in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, so that the pollen vigor which is slightly different from that of fresh pollen can be kept after the pollen is stored for one month;
2. the pollen suspension prepared in the invention can uniformly disperse the added pollen in the pollen liquid on one hand and prevent the pollen from sinking into the bottom of the container because of adding 0.1% agar; on the other hand, the pollen liquid can be ensured to have certain viscosity, so that the pollen liquid is convenient to adhere to the pistil column head without dropping, and meanwhile, 0.03 part of boric acid and 0.03 part of calcium nitrate are added, so that the germination of the white persimmon pollen can be effectively promoted;
3. according to the invention, flower and bud thinning treatment is carried out on inflorescences before pollination, so that some malformed flowers and weak flowers are thinned in advance, and the nutrition consumption of the whole tree body due to large flower opening amount is reduced; simultaneously, nutrition competition caused by more fruit bearing on one inflorescence is reduced, so that physiological fruit drop in the fruit development process is reduced, the fruit grows and develops faster, the fruit is attractive, and the large fruit rate is high;
4. the artificial pollination method of the white persimmon is simple to operate, economical and practical, and the inflorescence fruit setting rate after artificial pollination according to the method reaches 60% -70%, and the flower fruit setting rate reaches 25% -35%; compared with the inflorescence fruit setting rate of natural pollination, the method improves the inflorescence fruit setting rate by 35-45%, improves the inflorescence fruit setting rate of natural pollination by 20-30%, and has good production applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows anther morphology and pollen germination at different pollen collection times in the present invention; wherein, the acquisition time of the graph A is 8:00-10:00; FIG. B, acquisition time 11:00-15:00; drawing C, acquisition time is 16:00-18:00;
FIG. 2 shows pollen germination rates of different pollen collection times and treatments in the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows pollen germination rates under different storage temperature conditions in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing comparison of fruit setting rates of different pollination modes in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the results after pollination using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an appearance of fruits after pollination using the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in a more complete understanding of the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
The method for artificial pollination of the white persimmon provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Pollen collection, namely selecting a white persimmon variety plant which grows well and has no plant diseases and insect pests and pollen, wherein the pollen collection is carried out at 11:00-15:00 am on sunny days, at the moment, the flower buds are opened and most of anthers are split and scattered, the whole flowers of the flowers can be collected, anthers are picked off by forceps, and the split anthers and the pollen anthers can be directly stored in a 2-5ml centrifuge tube; for the uncracked anther, the anther is required to be spread in a culture dish paved with paper and placed in a indoor shady and ventilated place for 8-10 hours to crack, and the anther is stored in a centrifuge tube with the volume of 2-5ml in the same way after the anther cracks;
(2) The pollen treatment and storage, namely, placing a small bag of silica gel desiccant of 0.5g in a centrifuge tube containing pollen anther, paying attention to the fact that the pollen is stored in a plurality of centrifuge tubes in batches, wherein the amount of the anther loaded in each centrifuge tube is 1/3 times of the height of the centrifuge tube, simultaneously avoiding direct contact between the silica gel and the pollen, then placing the centrifuge tube in a self-sealing bag for sealing, and storing in a refrigerator of 4 ℃ for standby;
(3) Preparing pollen suspension, namely taking pollen anther stored in a centrifuge tube out in advance within 1-2 hours before pollination, putting the pollen anther in a room for rewarming and thawing, and then preparing the suspension according to the following method: 8 parts of sucrose, 0.08 part of agar, 0.05 part of boric acid and 0.05 part of calcium nitrate are respectively added into 100 parts of water, heated and stirred uniformly at 90-100 ℃, kept stand and cooled for standby, pollen is added into suspension when finally reaching a field pollination site, and fully and uniformly shaking after pollen is added, so that pollen is uniformly suspended in the suspension, wherein the dosage of the pollen is about 0.1% of that of the suspension, and the pollen suspension is preferably changed into light yellow;
(4) Artificial pollination, namely carrying out batch pollination in 12 months-2 months of the flowering period of the white persimmon, selecting inflorescences with more than half flowers opened on inflorescences, carrying out artificial pollination firstly, carrying out flower thinning and bud thinning treatment on inflorescences before pollination, removing malformed flowers and thin-stalk weak flowers, retaining top flowers and thick-stalk strong flowers in inflorescences, and retaining 4-6 flowers in each inflorescences for pollination. When pollinating, if the prepared pollen suspension reaches more than 200ml, the pollen suspension can be filled into a sprayer in a spray pollination mode, the inflorescences subjected to flower and bud thinning treatment are directly sprayed, the spraying amount is not excessively large for one time, fine water drops on the surfaces of flowers and stigmas are observed after each spraying, the using amount of the pollen suspension is saved, and meanwhile, the prepared pollen suspension needs to be used up in 4 hours and is ready to be prepared.
Example 2
(1) Pollen collection, namely selecting a white persimmon variety plant which grows well and has no plant diseases and insect pests and pollen, wherein the pollen collection is carried out at 11:00-15:00 am on sunny days, at the moment, the flower buds are opened and most of anthers are split and scattered, the whole flowers of the flowers can be collected, anthers are picked off by forceps, and the split anthers and the pollen anthers can be directly stored in a 2-5ml centrifuge tube; for the uncracked anther, the anther is required to be spread in a culture dish paved with paper and placed in a indoor shady and ventilated place for 8-10 hours to crack, and the anther is stored in a centrifuge tube with the volume of 2-5ml in the same way after the anther cracks;
(2) The pollen treatment and storage, namely, placing a small bag of silica gel desiccant of 0.5g in a centrifuge tube containing pollen anther, paying attention to the fact that the pollen is stored in a plurality of centrifuge tubes in batches, wherein the amount of the anther loaded in each centrifuge tube is 1/2 times of the height of the centrifuge tube, simultaneously avoiding direct contact between the silica gel and the pollen, then placing the centrifuge tube in a self-sealing bag for sealing, and storing in a refrigerator of 4 ℃ for standby;
(3) Preparing pollen suspension, namely taking pollen anther stored in a centrifuge tube out in advance within 1-2 hours before pollination, putting the pollen anther in a room for rewarming and thawing, and then preparing the suspension according to the following method: 10 parts of sucrose, 0.1 part of agar, 0.03 part of boric acid and 0.03 part of calcium nitrate are respectively added into 100 parts of water, heated and stirred uniformly at 90-100 ℃, kept stand and cooled for standby, pollen is added into suspension when finally reaching a field pollination site, and fully and uniformly shaking after pollen is added, so that pollen is uniformly suspended in the suspension, wherein the dosage of the pollen is about 0.1% of that of the suspension, and the pollen suspension is preferably changed into light yellow;
(4) Artificial pollination, namely carrying out batch pollination in 12 months-2 months of the flowering period of the white persimmon, selecting inflorescences with more than half flowers opened on inflorescences, carrying out artificial pollination firstly, carrying out flower thinning and bud thinning treatment on inflorescences before pollination, removing malformed flowers and thin-stalk weak flowers, retaining top flowers and thick-stalk strong flowers in inflorescences, and retaining 4-6 flowers in each inflorescences for pollination. When pollinating, if the prepared pollen suspension reaches more than 200ml, the pollen suspension can be filled into a sprayer in a spray pollination mode, the inflorescences subjected to flower and bud thinning treatment are directly sprayed, the spraying amount is not excessively large for one time, and the water drops on the surfaces of flowers and stigmas are observed after each spraying, so that the dosage of the pollen suspension is saved, and meanwhile, the prepared pollen suspension needs to be used up in 4 hours and is ready to be prepared.
Example 3
(1) Pollen collection, namely selecting a white persimmon variety plant which grows well and has no plant diseases and insect pests and pollen, wherein the pollen collection is carried out at 11:00-15:00 am on sunny days, at the moment, the flower buds are opened and most of anthers are split and scattered, the whole flowers of the flowers can be collected, anthers are picked off by forceps, and the split anthers and the pollen anthers can be directly stored in a 2-5ml centrifuge tube; for the uncracked anther, the anther is required to be spread in a culture dish paved with paper and placed in a indoor shady and ventilated place for 8-10 hours to crack, and the anther is stored in a centrifuge tube with the volume of 2-5ml in the same way after the anther cracks;
(2) The pollen treatment and storage, namely, placing a small bag of silica gel desiccant of 0.5g in a centrifuge tube containing pollen anther, paying attention to the fact that the pollen is stored in a plurality of centrifuge tubes in batches, wherein the amount of the anther loaded in each centrifuge tube is 1/2 times of the height of the centrifuge tube, simultaneously avoiding direct contact between the silica gel and the pollen, then placing the centrifuge tube in a self-sealing bag for sealing, and storing in a refrigerator of 4 ℃ for standby;
(3) Preparing pollen suspension, namely taking pollen anther stored in a centrifuge tube out in advance within 1-2 hours before pollination, putting the pollen anther in a room for rewarming and thawing, and then preparing the suspension according to the following method: adding 12 parts of sucrose, 0.12 part of agar, 0.01 part of boric acid and 0.01 part of calcium nitrate into 100 parts of water respectively, heating and stirring uniformly at 90-100 ℃, standing and cooling for standby, adding pollen into suspension when the pollen finally reaches a field pollination site, and fully oscillating and shaking uniformly after the pollen is added to uniformly suspend the pollen in the suspension, wherein the dosage of the pollen is about 0.1% of the suspension, and the pollen suspension is preferably just when the pollen suspension becomes light yellow;
(4) Artificial pollination, namely carrying out batch pollination in 12 months-2 months of the flowering period of the white persimmon, selecting inflorescences with more than half flowers opened on inflorescences, carrying out artificial pollination firstly, carrying out flower thinning and bud thinning treatment on inflorescences before pollination, removing malformed flowers and thin-stalk weak flowers, retaining top flowers and thick-stalk strong flowers in inflorescences, and retaining 4-6 flowers in each inflorescences for pollination. When pollinating, if the prepared pollen suspension reaches more than 200ml, the pollen suspension can be filled into a sprayer in a spray pollination mode, the inflorescences subjected to flower and bud thinning treatment are directly sprayed, the spraying amount is not excessively large for one time, fine water drops on the surfaces of flowers and stigmas are observed after each spraying, the using amount of the pollen suspension is saved, and meanwhile, the prepared pollen suspension needs to be used up in 4 hours and is ready to be prepared.
Example 4
(1) Pollen collection, namely selecting a white persimmon variety plant which grows well and has no plant diseases and insect pests and pollen, wherein the pollen collection is carried out at 11:00-15:00 am on sunny days, at the moment, the flower buds are opened and most of the anther is split to loose powder, the whole small flowers can be collected, and the collected small flowers are integrally stuffed into a 10ml centrifuge tube until the whole small flowers are fully stuffed;
(3) Preparation of pollen suspension the suspension was prepared as follows: 10 parts of sucrose, 0.1 part of agar, 0.03 part of boric acid and 0.03 part of calcium nitrate are respectively added into 100 parts of water, heated and stirred uniformly at 90-100 ℃, and kept stand for standby. Sucking 4-5ml of prepared suspension by using a plastic rubber head suction pipe, adding the suspension into a 10ml centrifuge tube filled with white persimmon floret, covering a tube cover after adding the suspension, fully oscillating up and down, fully immersing pollen in floret in the tube into the liquid by using the added suspension, and sucking the suspension into another 10ml centrifuge tube by using the plastic rubber head suction pipe to shake the suspension uniformly for later use;
(4) Artificial pollination, namely carrying out batch pollination in 12 months-2 months of the flowering period of the white persimmon, selecting inflorescences with more than half flowers opened on inflorescences, carrying out artificial pollination firstly, carrying out flower thinning and bud thinning treatment on inflorescences before pollination, removing malformed flowers and thin-stalk weak flowers, retaining top flowers and thick-stalk strong flowers in inflorescences, and retaining 4-6 flowers in each inflorescences for pollination. When pollinating, if the prepared pollen suspension is only 10-50ml, a proper amount of prepared pollen suspension can be dipped by a writing brush and lightly smeared on the stigma, so that a layer of water mist is ensured to be stuck on the stigma after pollinating. Meanwhile, the prepared pollen suspension needs to be used up within 4 hours and should be prepared for use at present.
Comparative example 1
Examining anther morphology and pollen germination conditions of different pollen collection times
Pollen collection is carried out by selecting 3 different time periods (collection time is 8:00-10:00; collection time is 11:00-15:00; collection time is 16:00-18:00), and pollen scattering conditions in the different time periods are observed under a stereoscopic microscope, and the result is shown in figure 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the anther is not split and is not scattered when the collection time is 8:00-10:00; when the collection time is 16:00-18:00, the anther is completely split and dispersed, the residual pollen in the anther sac is less, and only when the collection time is 11:00-15:00 a.m., the anther splitting and dispersing time is positive, the collected pollen quantity is more and the pollen germination force is highest.
Comparative example 2
Examining pollen germination rates of different pollen collecting time and processing modes
As shown in FIG. 2, the result is also shown in the bar chart of FIG. 2, when the pollen collecting time is 11:00-15:00 am, the collected pollen germination rate is highest, and the indoor natural-shade-drying pollen germination rate is found to be higher than the constant-temperature-drying pollen germination rate by comparing the constant-temperature drying (25 ℃) with the natural-shade drying mode, so that the influence of the constant-temperature drying on the reduction of the pollen viability of the white persimmon is avoided.
Comparative example 3
Investigating pollen germination rate under different storage temperature conditions
The germination rate of pollen under the conditions of 4 different temperatures (room temperature, 4 ℃, -20 ℃ and-80 ℃) are examined, the result is shown in figure 3, and the result shows that the germination rate of pollen is gradually reduced within 20 days of storage at 4 ℃ and within 20-30 days, and the pollen is generally not more than one week from the time of collection and pollination, so that the 4 ℃ with the higher germination rate is selected as the storage temperature.
Comparative example 4
Investigation of fruit setting rates of different pollination modes
The artificial pollination in the manner of example 2 and example 4 of the present invention was compared with the conventional natural pollination, and the fruit setting rate and pollination effect are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Artificial pollination and traditional Natural pollination
Meanwhile, the results of the artificial pollination in the modes of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4 of the invention and the column charts of the inflorescence fruit setting rate and the flower fruit setting rate of the traditional natural pollination mode are shown in fig. 4, and compared with the natural pollination mode, the inflorescence fruit setting rate and the flower fruit setting rate are higher by adopting the modes of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 4 of the invention.
In addition, the method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is adopted to carry out artificial pollination on the white persimmon, and the result situation and the fruit appearance after pollination are respectively shown in fig. 5 and 6. Meanwhile, the fruit quality is measured, and the results are shown in the following table 2, which show that the artificial pollination method for the white persimmon disclosed by the invention has better fruit quality.
TABLE 2 fruit quality after pollination using the method of the invention
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is apparent that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The method for artificial pollination of the white persimmon is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, pollen collection, namely selecting a white persimmon variety plant which grows robustly, has no plant diseases and insect pests and has pollen, collecting the whole flowers of the white persimmon variety plant on the same day after the flower buds of the small flowers are opened, naturally ventilating and airing water drops on the surfaces of the flowers of the white persimmon variety plant, and picking off anthers of the white persimmon variety plant by using tweezers or directly placing the whole flowers of the white persimmon variety plant into a centrifuge tube; the pollen collecting time is 11:00-15:00 am;
s2, preparing pollen suspension, namely adding pollen anthers or whole florets into the suspension when the pollen suspension reaches a field pollination site, and shaking the pollen suspension uniformly to ensure that the pollen suspension becomes light yellow and pollen is uniformly suspended in the solution;
s3, artificial pollination: pollination is carried out in batches at the early stage of the flower filling of the white persimmon, more than half of inflorescences with florets already opened are selected, and artificial pollination is carried out firstly;
the specific operation of artificial pollination adopts one of the following methods:
(1) If the prepared pollen suspension is 10-50ml, dipping the pollen suspension by a writing brush, lightly smearing the pollen suspension on the stigma, and ensuring that a layer of water mist is stuck on the stigma after pollination;
(2) If the prepared pollen suspension reaches more than 200ml, loading the pollen suspension into a sprayer in a spray pollination mode, and directly spraying the pollen suspension to the inflorescences subjected to flower and bud thinning treatment, wherein fine water drops are observed on the surfaces of flowers and stigmas after each spraying;
in the step S1, before the anther is placed in the centrifuge tube, whether the anther is cracked or not is also observed, and the cracked anther is directly stored in the centrifuge tube; for the anther which is not cracked, firstly spreading the anther in a culture dish paved with paper, placing the anther in a cool and ventilated indoor place, and storing the anther in a centrifuge tube after the anther is cracked.
2. The method for artificial pollination of white persimmon according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, anthers or flowers are filled into a plurality of centrifugal tubes in batches, and the amount of the anthers or flowers filled into each centrifugal tube is 1/3-1 times of the height of the centrifugal tube.
3. The method for artificial pollination of white persimmon according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, if the anther is placed in the centrifuge tube, a bag filled with 0.5g of silica gel desiccant is also placed in the centrifuge tube, so that the direct contact between silica gel and pollen is avoided, and then the centrifuge tube is placed in a self-sealing bag for sealing and stored in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for standby; if pollinating with fresh pollen opened on the same day, the flowers can be directly placed into a centrifuge tube, the prepared suspension is added into the centrifuge tube, and the pollen suspension is obtained by full shaking.
4. The method for artificial pollination of white persimmon according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the suspension comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: every 100 parts of water contains 8-12 parts of sucrose, 0.08-0.12 part of agar, 0.01-0.05 part of boric acid and 0.01-0.05 part of calcium nitrate.
5. The method for artificial pollination of white persimmon according to claim 4, wherein: the preparation method of the suspension comprises the following steps: 8-12 parts of sucrose, 0.08-0.12 part of agar, 0.01-0.05 part of boric acid and 0.01-0.05 part of calcium nitrate are respectively added into 100 parts of water, heated and stirred uniformly at 90-100 ℃, kept stand and cooled for standby, and the prepared suspension is used within two days.
6. The method for artificial pollination of white persimmon according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, flower thinning and bud thinning treatment is required before pollination, malformed flowers and thin-stalk weak flowers are removed, top flowers and thick-stalk strong flowers in inflorescences are reserved, and 4-6 flowers are reserved in each inflorescences for pollination.
7. The method for artificial pollination of white persimmon according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the time of artificial pollination is 12 months of the flowering period of the white persimmon and 2 months of the next year.
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| JP2009040703A (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-02-26 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | Method for preserving pollen |
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