CN114431138A - Crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily - Google Patents
Crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily Download PDFInfo
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- CN114431138A CN114431138A CN202210192135.7A CN202210192135A CN114431138A CN 114431138 A CN114431138 A CN 114431138A CN 202210192135 A CN202210192135 A CN 202210192135A CN 114431138 A CN114431138 A CN 114431138A
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- pollen
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- water lily
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/021—Methods of breeding using interspecific crosses, i.e. interspecies crosses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of crossbreeding, and discloses a crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily, which comprises the following steps: collecting pollen; selecting fresh and full flowers with open stigma fluid on the first day as female parents; collecting stigma extract with common suction tube, and mixing the stigma extract with pollen; dripping the column head liquid mixed with the pollen back to the column head, and paying attention to prevent the dripping liquid from overflowing; completing pollination; after pollination is finished, tying the pollen after information is marked on the label plate, and sleeving a mesh bag; closing flowers 2-3 hours after pollination is successful, and then registering; 5-10 days after successful pollination, the flower stalks are extremely bent, the fruits are upright, and the ovary can be found to be enlarged by touch, so that successful pollination is proved. The crossbreeding method of the tropical water lily provided by the invention is convenient and rapid, and can effectively solve the problems that the operation process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the efficiency is low, and the stigma is easily damaged when pollen is dipped by tweezers or a writing brush and smeared on the stigma in the traditional artificial pollination.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crossbreeding, and particularly relates to a crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily.
Background
At present, water lily (Nymphaae) is perennial leafy type aquatic flower of Nymphaeaceae (Nymphaeaceae) Nymphaeaceae, also known as meridian lotus and water lettuce, is a famous and precious flower in aquatic flowers and is known as 'beauty sleeping in flowers'. The tropical water lily is an ecological type in water lily, is a group which adapts to tropical climate evolution for a long time, and is different from the cold-resistant water lily which is generally applied in the garden world in China in the characteristics of large flower size, rich flower color, long flowering period, large single plant coverage area, cold resistance and the like. The tropical water lily has bright color, leaves of various varieties and color spots, and high ornamental value.
The single flowering period of the tropical water lily is about 3-4 days, flowers are opened on the first day, stamens are completely erected, pale yellow, yellow or deep yellow stigma discs are exposed, transparent stigma solution is arranged in the stigma discs, and pollination is basically completed on flowers flowering on the first day because the stigma solution is the freshest; when the flowers bloom on the next day and the third day, the stigma solution in the stigma disc is gradually reduced to nothing, the stamens close to the stigma disc are gradually bent to be closed to cover the stigma disc, the anthers of the stamens of other parts begin to gradually mature and loose pollen, the flowers blooming on the next day and the third day need to be collected for pollen, and the stamens completely close and sink into water after the fourth day. The isomaturity of male and female pistils of the water lily guarantees the stability and heterozygosity of the genetic basis of the water lily variety, provides very convenient conditions for artificial hybridization breeding, and can save the procedure of stripping buds and castration in advance. Traditional artificial pollination mostly adopts tweezers or writing brush to dip in pollen and paints on the capital, and the operation process is wasted time and energy, and is inefficient, and easily injures the capital sometimes. Therefore, a new cross breeding method for tropical water lily needs to be designed.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: traditional artificial pollination mostly adopts tweezers or writing brush to dip in pollen and paints on the capital, and the operation process is wasted time and energy, and is inefficient, and easily injures the capital.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the water lily pollen has the characteristics of small size, large quantity, easy adhesion in a humid environment and the like, and is difficult to collect. Therefore, the modes of pollen taking by tweezers or by brush pen dipping for pollen taking and the like used in conventional plant pollination have the problems of complicated operation steps and serious pollen waste for water lily hybridization. The method has simple and clear steps, has low difficulty in solving the problems and the defects, and is suitable for long-term pollination and large-scale pollination. The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: according to the characteristics that the water lily stigma liquid is in a water shape and a large amount of stigma liquid is needed in a pollination environment, the complex steps of pollen collection are simplified, the simple step of taking out the stigma liquid is added, the workflow of water lily hybridization is greatly improved, and the water lily pollination method has very important significance for large-scale pollination in particular.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily.
The crossbreeding method of the tropical water lily is realized by bagging and protecting a male parent, respectively collecting a large amount of pollen and stigma solution, mixing and dripping the pollen and the stigma solution to the stigma to finish pollination; and marking, registering and judging pollination results of the pollinated information to finish cross breeding.
Further, the crossbreeding method of the tropical water lily comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a male parent, and bagging a first smallpox or a flower which is about to bloom in a net; the step is one of the key steps of the invention, and by sleeving a mesh bag on the male parent, the pollen can be collected by insects such as bees and the like after the flowers bloom again in the next morning in an effective mode. The implementation of this step can show the quantity that increases artifical collection pollen, and then improves pollination rate, seed setting rate.
Step two, pollen collection is carried out; the step is one of the key steps, and the method for collecting the pollen can collect a large amount of pollen all at one time, remarkably improve the efficiency of pollen collection compared with the conventional method for collecting the pollen in batches for multiple times, and simplify the repeated collection process.
Step three, selecting fresh and full flowers with the stigma fluid which are opened on the first day as female parents; this step is an essential step in cross pollination.
Collecting the stigma fluid by using a common suction pipe, and mixing the collected stigma fluid with the pollen; the step is one of the key steps, and a large amount of pollen can be quickly and uniformly mixed by adding the step of collecting the stigma solution by using a suction pipe. For pollen in a humid environment, the working step of obtaining the pollen by rinsing the stamens with stigma solution is convenient after the stamens are cut off. By mixing the pollen and the stigma solution, compared with the conventional method, the method can visually see the amount of the pollen and has an instructive effect on the estimation of a hybridization result.
Step five, dripping the stigma solution mixed with pollen back to the stigma to finish pollination; this step is an essential step in cross pollination.
Step six, after pollination is finished, tying the label plate well after information is marked on the label plate, and sleeving a mesh bag; this step is an essential step in cross pollination. The mesh bag is used for preventing insects from entering and leading male parents to be unclear.
Seventhly, closing flowers 2-3 hours after pollination is successful, and registering; this step is an essential step in cross pollination. When the closing of the flowers is observed within 2-3h, the success of pollination can be preliminarily judged, and the positions, time and the like of pollinated plants need to be registered, so that the observation and the fruit collection in the subsequent steps are facilitated.
Step eight, observing that the flower stalks are extremely bent and the fruits are upright 5-10 days after pollination is successful; the ovary can be found to be enlarged by touch, and the pollination is proved to be successful. This step is an essential step in cross pollination.
Further, the pollen collecting method in the second step comprises the following steps:
selecting flowers which open on the second day and the third day, knocking pollen into a container after reversing, and obtaining pollen for cold storage and preservation for subsequent pollination or immediate pollination; under the condition that pollen is difficult to knock off in wet and rainy days, all mature stamens are directly cut off and placed in a container for immediate pollination
Further, the pollen collecting method in the second step further comprises:
collecting the liquid of the stigma into a container by a suction pipe, sticking or poking pollen by a clean brush, then placing the pollen into the container for gentle rinsing, and dissolving the pollen into the liquid of the stigma.
Further, the pollen collecting method in the second step further comprises:
all the mature stamens are cut off and placed in a container, and a sufficient amount of stigma solution is sucked by a suction pipe and dripped into the container for pollen separation. In practice, stigma sap of the female parent and other flowers of the same variety or other flowers of the same subgenus can be collected. Has the advantage that a plurality of pollinations can be simultaneously carried out.
Further, said step five is directed to not let the back drip liquid overflow.
Further, the information in the sixth step comprises female parent, male parent, hybridization time and pollinator information.
Further, in the seventh step, the label is put into a bag to prevent the flower stalks from being rotten after the fruits are ripe.
The invention also aims to provide a cross breeding method of the cold-resistant water lily, which uses the cross breeding method of the tropical water lily.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cross-breeding a plant having a multi-stigma fluid, which uses the method for cross-breeding a tropical water lily.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the crossbreeding method of the tropical water lily provided by the invention is convenient and rapid, and can effectively solve the problems that the operation process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the efficiency is low, and the stigma is easily damaged when pollen is dipped by tweezers or a writing brush and smeared on the stigma in the traditional artificial pollination.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cross breeding method of tropical water lily provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the cross breeding method of tropical water lily provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, selecting a male parent, and bagging the first day flower or a flower to be bloomed in a net;
s102, pollen collection is carried out;
s103, selecting fresh and full flowers with the stigma fluid which are opened on the first day as female parents;
s104, collecting stigma fluid by using a common suction pipe, and mixing the collected stigma fluid with pollen;
s105, dripping the stigma solution mixed with the pollen back to the stigma to finish pollination;
s106, after pollination is completed, tying the pollen well after information is noted on the label;
s107, closing flowers 2-3 hours after pollination is successful, and sleeving a mesh bag;
s108, observing that flower stalks are extremely bent and fruits are upright after pollination is successful for 5-10 days; the ovary can be found to be enlarged by touch, and the pollination is proved to be successful.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The pollen collection method comprises the following steps: pollen can be collected by 3 methods.
The method comprises the following steps: selecting flowers which are opened on the second day and the third day, and knocking pollen to a container after reversing, wherein the method can be used for obtaining and storing the pollen;
the method 2 comprises the following steps: collecting the stigma solution into a container by using a suction pipe, sticking pollen by using a clean brush, placing the pollen into the container, slightly washing, and dissolving the pollen into the stigma solution, wherein the method is only suitable for being used at present;
the method 3 comprises the following steps: all the mature stamens are cut off and placed in a container, and a straw is used for sucking sufficient stigma fluid and dripping the stigma fluid into the container for pollen separation.
A pollination process: after pollen collection is completed, flowers flowering on the first day are selected as female parents.
The crossbreeding method of the tropical water lily provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. and (4) selecting the flowers which are fresh and full of the open stigma fluid on the first day as female parents.
2. The liquid on the column head is collected by a common suction pipe.
3. Mixing the collected stigma solution with pollen.
4. And (4) dripping the stigma fluid mixed with the pollen back to the stigma, and taking care not to allow the dripping fluid to overflow.
5. And (5) completing pollination.
6. After pollination is completed, the female parent, the male parent, the hybridization time, the pollinator and other information are annotated on the label plate, and then the line is good.
7. And closing the flowers 2-3 hours after the pollination is successful. In order to avoid insect pollination in this period, a net bag is needed.
Put label into bag, avoid the rotten pedicel of flowers after the fruit is ripe.
8. And 5-10 days after pollination is successful. The flower stalks are extremely bent, and the fruits are upright; the ovary can be found to be enlarged by touch, and the pollination is proved to be successful.
The method is applied to a tropical crop variety resource research institute of the Chinese tropical agricultural academy of sciences in small scale, the pollination process is simple and easy to implement, and the breeding efficiency is greatly improved.
Example 1 two methods of pollen collection: collecting relatively dry pollen, knocking to obtain pollen; collecting wet pollen and directly obtaining mature stamens; compared with the conventional brush dipping mode, the conventional method has the advantages of extremely small pollen amount and low efficiency.
Example 2 acquisition and back-drip of the column head liquid.
Example 3 card hanging and bagging.
Example 4 the pedicel was curved and the fruit was upright 5-10 days after pollination.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A crossbreeding method of the tropical water lily is characterized in that the crossbreeding method of the tropical water lily protects male parents by bagging, a large amount of pollen and stigma solution are respectively collected and mixed and then dripped back to stigma to finish pollination; and marking, registering and judging pollination results of the pollinated information to finish cross breeding.
2. The method for crossbreeding of Nymphaea tropica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for crossbreeding of Nymphaea tropica comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a male parent, and bagging a first smallpox or a flower which is about to bloom in a net;
step two, pollen collection is carried out;
step three, selecting fresh and full flowers with the stigma fluid which are opened on the first day as female parents;
collecting stigma fluid by using a common suction pipe, and mixing the collected stigma fluid with pollen;
step five, dripping the stigma solution mixed with pollen back to the stigma to finish pollination;
step six, after pollination is finished, tying the label plate well after information is marked on the label plate, and sleeving a mesh bag;
step seven, closing the flowers after pollination is successful, and registering;
step eight, observing that the flower stalks are extremely bent and the fruits are upright 5-10 days after pollination is successful; the ovary can be found to be enlarged by touch, which proves that pollination is successful.
3. The method for crossbreeding of Tropical water lily according to claim 2, wherein the pollen collection method in the second step comprises:
and (4) selecting flowers which are opened on the second day and the third day, knocking the pollen to a container after reversing, obtaining the pollen, and storing or immediately using the pollen.
4. The method for crossbreeding of Tropical water lily according to claim 1, wherein the pollen collection method in the second step further comprises:
collecting stigma solution into a container by using a suction pipe, sticking pollen by using a clean brush, placing the pollen into the container, and slightly rinsing to dissolve the pollen into the stigma solution;
the pollen collecting method is suitable for pollination of the pollen which is currently collected or refrigerated.
5. The method for crossbreeding of Tropical water lily according to claim 1, wherein the pollen collection method in the second step further comprises:
under the condition that pollen is difficult to knock off in wet and rainy days, directly shearing all mature stamens, placing the stamens into a container, and sucking sufficient stigma liquid by using a suction pipe and dropping the stigma liquid into the container to separate the pollen;
the pollen collection method is only suitable for current collection and needs a large amount of stigma solution.
6. A method of crossbreeding of Nymphaea tropica as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step four is to avoid back-drip liquid overflow;
and the information in the sixth step comprises female parent, male parent, hybridization time and pollinator information, and a mesh bag is sleeved.
7. The method for crossbreeding of Tropical water lily according to claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, flowers are closed 2-3 hours after pollination is successful, and then registration is carried out.
8. The method for crossbreeding of the tropical water lily as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the label is put into a net bag to prevent the label from falling off due to the rotting of pedicel after the fruit is ripe.
9. A cross breeding method of cold-resistant water lily, which is characterized in that the cross breeding method of the cold-resistant water lily uses the cross breeding method of the tropical water lily according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A method for cross-breeding a plant having a multi-stigma fluid, which comprises using the method for cross-breeding a tropical water lily according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210192135.7A CN114431138A (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily |
| NL2032799A NL2032799A (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-08-18 | Hybrid breeding method of tropical nymphaea |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210192135.7A CN114431138A (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily |
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| CN114431138A true CN114431138A (en) | 2022-05-06 |
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| CN202210192135.7A Pending CN114431138A (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Crossbreeding method and application of tropical water lily |
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| NL (1) | NL2032799A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116267589A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-06-23 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Cross breeding method of full-petal wide-tropical water lily |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040107455A1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2004-06-03 | J.R. Simplot Company | Precise breeding |
| CN107384845A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 浙江人文园林股份有限公司 | A kind of method that tropical water lily of resisting cold is cultivated with pollen tube channel conversion method |
| CN108243946A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-06 | 青岛农业大学 | Water lily artificial hybridization breeding method |
| CN108935075A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院花卉研究所 | A method of improving water lily hybridization pollination success rate |
| CN111387045A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for overcoming water lily interspecific hybridization obstacle |
| CN111387046A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Water lily breeding method |
-
2022
- 2022-02-28 CN CN202210192135.7A patent/CN114431138A/en active Pending
- 2022-08-18 NL NL2032799A patent/NL2032799A/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040107455A1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2004-06-03 | J.R. Simplot Company | Precise breeding |
| CN107384845A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 浙江人文园林股份有限公司 | A kind of method that tropical water lily of resisting cold is cultivated with pollen tube channel conversion method |
| CN108243946A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-06 | 青岛农业大学 | Water lily artificial hybridization breeding method |
| CN108935075A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院花卉研究所 | A method of improving water lily hybridization pollination success rate |
| CN111387045A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for overcoming water lily interspecific hybridization obstacle |
| CN111387046A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Water lily breeding method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116267589A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-06-23 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Cross breeding method of full-petal wide-tropical water lily |
| CN116267589B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2024-01-26 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Cross breeding method of full-petal wide-tropical water lily |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| NL2032799A (en) | 2023-09-06 |
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