NL2032799A - Hybrid breeding method of tropical nymphaea - Google Patents

Hybrid breeding method of tropical nymphaea Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2032799A
NL2032799A NL2032799A NL2032799A NL2032799A NL 2032799 A NL2032799 A NL 2032799A NL 2032799 A NL2032799 A NL 2032799A NL 2032799 A NL2032799 A NL 2032799A NL 2032799 A NL2032799 A NL 2032799A
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Prior art keywords
pollen
stigma
pollination
nymphaea
flowers
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NL2032799A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Huang Surong
Chen Jinhua
Shen Zhen
Yang Guangsui
Zhu Tianlong
Liu Ziyu
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Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Inst Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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Application filed by Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Inst Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences filed Critical Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Inst Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
Publication of NL2032799A publication Critical patent/NL2032799A/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • A01H1/021—Methods of breeding using interspecific crosses, i.e. interspecies crosses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hybrid breeding, and discloses a hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea, which includes the following steps: collecting pollen; selecting flowers fresh and filled with stigma liquid on the first day as female parent; collecting stigma liquid with a common straw, and mixing the collected stigma liquid with pollen; dripping back the stigma liquid mixed with pollen to the stigma, and being careful not to let the dripped liquid overflow; completing pollination; marking the information on the label, tying it up, and bagging it after pollination; the flowers closing after 2 - 3 hours of successful pollination, and then registering; observing that the pedicel is extremely bent, the fruit is erect, and the ovary is enlarged when touched after 5 - 10 days of successful pollination, and that proves the pollination is successful. The hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea provided by the application is convenient and quick, and effectively solves the problems that the traditional artificial pollination uses tweezers or brush to dip pollen on the stigma, and the operation process is time-consuming and laborious, inefficient, and easy to hurt the stigma.

Description

HYBRID BREEDING METHOD OF TROPICAL NYMPHAEA
TECHNICAL FIELD
This application relates to the technical field of hybrid breeding, and in particular to a hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea.
BACKGROUND
At present, Nymphaea is a perennial floating leaf aquatic flower of Nymphaeaceae,
Nymphaea, also known as water lily and Pistia stratiotes. It is a valuable aquatic flower and is known as “the sleeping beauty among flowers”. Tropical Nymphaea is an ecological type among
Nymphaea, and has long adapted to the evolution of tropical climate. Tropical Nymphaea is different from the cold-resistant Nymphaea widely used in Chinese gardens for its large flowers, rich colours, long flowering period, flowers sticking out of the water, large coverage area of single plant and no cold resistance. Tropical Nymphaea has bright colours, many varieties of leaves and spots, so it has high ornamental value.
The flowering period of a single tropical Nymphaea is about 3 - 4 days. On the first day, the flowers bloom, and the stamens stand upright completely, exposing a pale yellow, yellow or dark yellow stigma disk with transparent stigma liquid. Because the stigma liquid on the first day is the freshest, pollination is basically completed on the flowers that bloom on the first day.
When the flowers bloom on the second and third days, the stigma liquid in the stigma disk gradually decreases to zero, and the stamens close to the stigma disk gradually bend to close and cover the stigma disk, while the anthers of other stamens begin to mature and disperse pollen. Pollen collection requires the flowers that bloom on the second and third days, and after the fourth day, the stamens are completely closed and sink into the water. The heterogeneity of pistils and stamens of Nymphaea ensures the stability and heterozygosity of the genetic basis of Nymphaea varieties, and also provides extremely convenient conditions for artificial hybridization breeding, and that saves the procedures of peeling off buds and castrating in advance. Traditional artificial pollination mostly uses tweezers or brush to dip pollen on the stigma, and it is time-consuming, laborious, inefficient, and sometimes easy to hurt the stigma.
Therefore, it is urgent to design a new hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea.
Through the above analysis, the existing problems and defects in the prior art are as follows: traditional artificial pollination mostly uses tweezers or brush to dip pollen on the stigma, and the operation process is time-consuming, laborious, inefficient, and easy to hurt the stigma.
The difficulty of solving the above problems and defects is: Nymphaea pollen is small, abundant and easy to adhere in wet environment, so it is difficult to collect. Therefore, the conventional methods of pollinating plants, such as picking pollen with tweezers or dipping pollen with brush, have the problems of complicated operation steps and serious pollen waste for Nymphaea hybridization. This application has simple and clear steps, and has low difficulty in solving the above problems and defects, and is suitable for long-term pollination and large- scale pollination. The significance of solving the above problems and defects is as follows: according to the characteristics that the stigma liquid of Nymphaea is water-like and the pollination environment needs a large amount of stigma liquid, the application simplifies the complicated steps of pollen collection, increases simple steps of taking out the stigma liquid, greatly improves the workflow of Nymphaea hybridization, and is especially important for large- scale pollination.
SUMMARY
To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the application provides a hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea.
The application is realized as follows: a hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea, which includes the following steps: step 1: selecting a male parent, and bagging first-day flowers or upcoming flowers; this step is one of the key steps of the application; by netting the parent, insects such as bees are effectively prevented from collecting pollen after the flowers bloom again the next morning; the implementation of this step significantly increases the number of artificially collected pollen, and then improves the pollination rate and seed setting rate; step 2: collecting pollen; this step is one of the key steps; by collecting pollen by the method of the application, a large amount of whole pollens are collected at one time; compared with the conventional method of collecting pollen in batches for many times, the efficiency of pollen collection is significantly improved and the repeated collection process is simplified; step 3: selecting flowers that are fresh and filled with stigma liquid on the first day as female parent; this step is necessary for cross pollination; step 4: collecting stigma liquid with a common straw, and mixing the collected stigma liquid with pollen; this step is one of the key steps; by adding the step of collecting stigma liquid with straws, a large amount of pollens are mixed quickly and evenly; for pollen in wet environment, this step is convenient for the working step of rinsing pollen with stigma solution after cutting off stamens; compared with the conventional method, this method lets people directly see the amount of pollen by mixing pollen and stigma solution, and has a guiding role in predicting the hybridization results; step 5: dripping the stigma liquid mixed with pollen back to the stigma to finish pollination; this step is necessary for cross pollination; step 6: marking the information on the tag, tying it up, and bagging it after pollination; this step is necessary for cross pollination; the net bag is used to prevent insects from entering, leading to unknown male parents;
step 7: the flowers closing 2-3 hours after successful pollination, and registering; this step is necessary for cross pollination; when the flowers are closed after 2-3 hours, it can be preliminarily judged that the pollination is successful, and it is necessary to register the position and time of the pollinated plants, so as to facilitate the subsequent observation and fruit collection; and step 8: observing that the pedicel is extremely bent and the fruit is erect 5-10 days after successful pollination; it can be found by touching that the ovary expands, and that proves successful pollination; this step is necessary for cross pollination.
Further, the pollen collection method in step 2 includes: choosing the flowers that bloom on the second and third days, knocking the pollen into a container after the flowers are inverted, obtaining the pollen and storing it in cold storage for subsequent pollination or immediate pollination; when the pollen is difficult to knock down in wet weather, cutting off all mature stamens directly and putting them in a container for immediate pollination.
Further, the pollen collection method in the step 2 also includes: collecting stigma liquid in a container with a straw, sticking or plucking pollen with a clean brush, then putting the pollen into the container, rinsing gently, and dissolving the pollen in stigma liquid; this method is only suitable for current harvesting.
Further, the pollen collection method in the step 2 also includes: cutting off all mature stamens and placing them in a container, and sucking enough stigma liquid into the container with a straw for pollen separation; this method is only suitable for current harvesting and needs a large amount of stigma liquid; in practice, the stigma liquid of other flowers of the same species or the same subgenus of the female parent can be collected; and the advantage is that multiple flowers are pollinated at the same time.
Further, in step 5, being careful not to let the dripping liquid overflow.
Further, in step 6, the information includes information of female parent, male parent, hybridization time and pollinator.
Further, in step 7, the label card is put into a bag to prevent the pedicel from rotting after the fruit is ripe.
Combining all the above technical schemes, the application has the advantages and positive effects that the hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea provided by the application is convenient and quick, and effectively solves the problems that the traditional artificial pollination uses tweezers or brush to dip pollen and smear it on the stigma, and the operation process of the traditional method is time-consuming and laborious, inefficient, and easy to hurt the stigma.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
In order to explain the embodiment of the application or the technical scheme in the prior art more clearly, the drawings used in the embodiment will be briefly introduced below.
Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application. For ordinary technicians in the field, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without making creative efforts
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea provided by the embodiment of the present application.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In order to explain the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clearly, the present application will be further explained in detail with embodiments below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only for explaining the present application, but not for limiting the present application.
To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea, and it will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1, a hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea provided by the embodiment of the application, which includes the following steps:
S101: selecting a male parent, and bagging first-day flowers or upcoming flowers;
S 102: collecting pollen;
S 103: selecting flowers that are fresh and filled with stigma liquid on the first day as female parent;
S 104: collecting stigma liquid with a common straw, and mixing the collected stigma liquid with pollen;
S 105: dripping the stigma liquid mixed with pollen back to the stigma to complete pollination;
S 106: marking the information on the tag, and tying it up after pollination;
S 107: the flowers closing after 2-3 hours of successful pollination, and bagging the flowers; and
S 108: observing that the pedicel is extremely bent and the fruit is erect after 5-10 days of successful pollination; it can be found by touching that the ovary expands, and that proves successful pollination.
The technical scheme of the present application will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Pollen collection of the application: three methods can be selected to collect pollen.
Method 1: choosing the flowers that bloom on the second and third days, knocking the pollen into a container after the flowers are inverted, and this method is used to obtain pollen for preservation;
Method 2: collecting stigma liquid in a container with a straw, sticking the pollen with a clean brush, putting the pollen into the container, rinsing gently, and dissolving the pollen in stigma liquid; and this method is only suitable for current harvesting.
Method 3: cutting off all mature stamens and placing them in a container, and sucking 5 enough stigma liquid into the container with a straw for pollen separation; this method is only suitable for current harvesting and needs a large amount of stigma liquid.
Pollination process: choosing the flower that blooms on the first day as the female parent after pollen collection.
The hybrid breeding method of tropical Nymphaea provided by the embodiments of the application includes the following steps: 1. selecting flowers fresh and filled with stigma liquid on the first day as female parent; 2. collecting stigma liquid with a common straw; 3. mixing the collected stigma liquid with pollen; 4. dropping the stigma liquid mixed with pollen back to the stigma, and being careful not to let the dripped liquid overflow; 5. completing pollination; 6. marking the information of female parent, male parent, hybridization time, pollinator, etc. on the label and tying it up after pollination; 7. the flowers closing after 2-3 hours of successful pollination, and setting a net bag to avoid insect pollination during this time; and * putting the label card in the bag to avoid the pedicel rotting after the fruit is ripe; 8. observing that the pedicel is extremely curved and the fruit is erect after 5-10 days of successful pollination; it can be found by touching that the ovary expands, and that proves successful pollination.
The method of the application has been applied in a small scale in the Tropical Crops
Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences. According to this method, the pollination process is simple and easy, and the breeding efficiency is greatly improved.
Embodiment 1 Two methods of pollen collection: collecting relatively dry pollen and tapping for pollen; collecting wet pollen and directly obtaining mature stamens; compared with the conventional brush dipping method, the amount of pollen obtained in a single time by the conventional method is very small, and the efficiency is low.
Embodiment 2 Collection and drip-back of head liquid.
Embodiment 3 Labelling and bagging.
Embodiment 4 The pedicel being curved and the fruit being erect after 5-10 days of pollination.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to this. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application by anyone familiar with the technical field should be covered in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims (10)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Een hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea, welke werkwijze de volgende stappen omvat: stap 1: het selecteren van een mannelijke ouder, en het in zakken verpakken van eerste- dag-bloemen of aankomende bloemen; stap 2: het verzamelen van stuifmeel; stap 3: het op de eerste dag als vrouwelijke ouder selecteren van bloemen die vers zijn en gevuld met stempelvocht; stap 4: het opvangen van stigmavocht met een gewoon rietje, en het mengen van het opgevangen stempelvocht met stuifmeel; stap 5: het terugdruppelen van de met stuifmeel gemengde stempelvloeistof op de stempel om de bestuiving te voltooien; stap 6: het markeren van de gegevens op een label, het vastmaken ervan en het verpakken in zakken na de bestuiving; stap 7: het sluiten van de bloemen na succesvolle bestuiving, en het registreren; en stap 8: waarnemen dat de steel sterk gebogen is en de vrucht 5 - 10 dagen na de geslaagde bestuiving rechtop staat; waarbij door aanraking kan worden vastgesteld dat de eierstok uitzet, hetgeen duidt op een geslaagde bestuiving.1. A hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea, which method comprises the following steps: step 1: selecting a male parent, and bagging first-day flowers or upcoming flowers; step 2: collecting pollen; step 3: on the first day as a female parent, select flowers that are fresh and filled with stigma fluid; step 4: collecting stigma fluid with a regular straw, and mixing the collected stigma fluid with pollen; step 5: dripping the stigma liquid mixed with pollen back onto the stigma to complete pollination; step 6: marking the data on a label, attaching it and packing it in bags after pollination; step 7: closing the flowers after successful pollination, and recording; and step 8: observe that the stem is strongly bent and the fruit is upright 5 - 10 days after successful pollination; where by touching it can be determined that the ovary is expanding, indicating successful pollination. 2. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het verzamelen van stuifmeel in stap 2 omvat: — het kiezen van bloemen die bloeien op de tweede en derde dag, — het kloppen van het stuifmeel in een houder nadat de bloemen zijn omgekeerd, — het verkrijgen van het stuifmeel en het opslaan ervan of het onmiddellijk gebruiken voor bestuiving.The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 1, wherein the collection of pollen in step 2 comprises: - choosing flowers that bloom on the second and third day, - tapping the pollen in a container after the flowers are reversed, — obtaining the pollen and storing it or using it immediately for pollination. 3. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het verzamelen van stuifmeel in stap 2 voorts omvat: — het met een rietje verzamelen van stempelvloeistof in een houder, — het met een schone borstel vatplakken van pollen, dan — het in de houder plaatsen van het stuifmeel, — voorzichtig spoelen, en — het oplossen van het stuifmeel in stempelvloeistof.3. The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 1, wherein collecting pollen in step 2 further comprises: - collecting stigma liquid in a container with a straw, - adhering pollen with a clean brush, then - placing the pollen in the container, — gently rinsing, and — dissolving the pollen in stigma liquid. 4. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 3, waarbij het verzamelen van stuifmeel wordt uitgevoerd bij bestuiving van actueel geoogst of koud opgeslagen stuifmeel.The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 3, wherein the pollen collection is performed upon pollination of currently harvested or cold stored pollen. 5. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het verzamelen van stuifmeel in stap 2 voorts omvat: — het direct afsnijden van alle rijpe meeldraden en het plaatsen ervan in een houder, en — het met een rietje in de houder opzuigen van voldoende stempelvloeistof voor stuifmeelscheiding wanneer stuifmeel moeilijk is neer te slaan bij nat weer.5. The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 1, wherein the collection of pollen in step 2 further comprises: - immediately cutting off all ripe stamens and placing them in a container, and - placing them in the container with a straw container sucking up sufficient stigma liquid for pollen separation when pollen is difficult to deposit in wet weather. 6. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 5, waarbij het verzamelen van stuifmeel alleen geschikt is voor de huidige oogst en bestuiving, en een grote hoeveelheid stempelvloeistof nodig is.The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 5, wherein the collection of pollen is only suitable for the current harvest and pollination, and a large amount of stigma liquid is required. 7. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 1, waarbij in stap 4 wordt voorkomen dat druppelvloeistof overstroomt.7. The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 1, wherein drip liquid is prevented from overflowing in step 4. 8. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de informatie in stap 6 informatie van vrouwelijke ouder, mannelijke ouder, hybridisatietijd en bestuiver omvat.The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 1, wherein the information in step 6 includes information of female parent, male parent, hybridization time and pollinator. 9. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het sluiten van de bloemen en registratie na 2 - 3 uur na succesvolle bestuiving plaatsvindt.The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 1, wherein flower closing and registration takes place after 2 - 3 hours after successful pollination. 10. De hybride werkwijze voor het veredelen van tropische Nymphaea volgens conclusie 1, waarbij in stap 7 het label in een zak wordt gestopt ter voorkoming van het vallen van labels, veroorzaakt door het rotten van bloemstengels nadat de vruchten rijp zijn.The hybrid method for breeding tropical Nymphaea according to claim 1, wherein in step 7 the label is placed in a bag to prevent label falling caused by the rotting of flower stems after the fruits are ripe.
NL2032799A 2022-02-28 2022-08-18 Hybrid breeding method of tropical nymphaea NL2032799A (en)

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CN116267589B (en) * 2023-04-28 2024-01-26 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 Cross breeding method of full-petal wide-tropical water lily

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US7534934B2 (en) * 2002-02-20 2009-05-19 J.R. Simplot Company Precise breeding
CN107384845B (en) * 2017-08-08 2020-09-04 浙江人文园林股份有限公司 Method for cultivating cold-resistant tropical water lily by pollen tube channel conversion method
CN108243946B (en) * 2018-02-11 2020-02-21 青岛农业大学 Artificial crossbreeding method for water lily
CN108935075B (en) * 2018-08-02 2021-07-06 广西壮族自治区农业科学院花卉研究所 Method for improving success rate of water lily hybrid pollination
CN111387046A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-07-10 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 Water lily breeding method
CN111387045A (en) * 2020-04-20 2020-07-10 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 Method for overcoming water lily interspecific hybridization obstacle

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