CN104145810A - Method for increasing hybridization seed setting rate of morning glory - Google Patents
Method for increasing hybridization seed setting rate of morning glory Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145810A CN104145810A CN201410409409.9A CN201410409409A CN104145810A CN 104145810 A CN104145810 A CN 104145810A CN 201410409409 A CN201410409409 A CN 201410409409A CN 104145810 A CN104145810 A CN 104145810A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant breeding method, and especially relates to a method for increasing hybridization seed setting rate of morning glory, which belongs to the technical field of plant breeding. The method for preparing cenospecies of morning glory has the following advantages that appropriate sowing time and illumination treatment enable consistent florescence of a male parent and a female parent, the plant have optimum growth state and most appropriate fructification temperature while being pollinated, bud treatment before pollination is convenient and fast, and pistil stigma of the female parent is not injured; stamen pollen drying treatment before pollination is capable of increasing pollen-spreading degree and increasing the pollen vitality; and the female parent plant shading treatment after pollination is in favor of increasing the fructification percentage after pollination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a Plants, relate in particular to a kind of method that improves morning glory cross-fertile rate, belong to field of plant variety breeding technology.
Background technology
Morning glory (Pharbitis nil (Linn.) Choisy) is the annual climing property voluble herb plant of Convolvulaceae ipomoea, and sarmentum is elongated, and approximately 3～4 meters, how close complete stool is by short bristle.Leaf alternate, full edge or tool leaf split.Cyme armpit is raw, 1 to several.Corolla loudspeaker sample.The bright-coloured beauty of pattern.Common cultivar has following three classes: pharbitis nilChoisy, and leaf tool dark three splits, and spends medium-sized 1 to 3 armpit raw, has jade-like stone indigo plant, rhodo or white; Pharbitis purpurea, Ye Kuo is heart-shaped, Quan Yuan, flower type is little, has white, rhodo, lustrous and transparent blue isochrome; Imperial japanese morning glory, the large handle of leaf is long, and tool three splits, and central sliver is larger, and leaf is the irregular yellowish-white patch of long tool easily.Spend 1 to 3 armpit raw, total stalk is shorter than petiole, spends large-scalely, and flower footpath can reach more than 10 centimetres.Morning glory originates in Ya Zhou torrid areas, and existing extensively drawing plants in all over the world, and selects numerous garden-varieties, and flower type changes various, and pattern is rich and varied, and various places are widely popular.The characteristic of easily cultivating, adapt to wide and strong stress resistance due to morning glory has caused that breeding scholar more and more pays close attention to; the new varieties of cultivating more tool ornamental values, barren-resistant, wet-heat resisting and disease-resistant drought resisting are main breeding objectives of morning glory, are also prerequisite and basis that morning glory is able to extensive use.In production practices, find that part morning glory cross-fertile rate is lower, especially dissimilar morning glory kind is due to the difference of breeding time, and Parent flowering habit difference is more difficult for solidly, is unfavorable for that further seed selection has the morning glory new varieties of objective trait.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect existing for prior art, propose a kind of method that improves morning glory cross-fertile rate, improve present situation, improve morning glory cross-fertile rate.
The invention provides a kind of simple effective method, can improve morning glory cross-fertile rate, in particular for different kind in parent's flowering stage, for achieving the above object, the technical scheme steps that the present invention takes is:
1, sowing at the beginning of mid-June to 7 month, can make to hybridize time, parent has the optimum growh state of this kind.Early, early flower variety is bloomed morely, when optimum growh state, meets high temperature shaky in sowing; Late flowering variety is not bloomed under long-day condition, the surplus of nourishing and growing, the climing excessive growth of stem.Sowed evening, parent's deficiency of nourishing and growing, affect flowering quality, and solid rear seed can not maturation.
2, parent's point disk seedling growing, when 4-6 sheet true leaf, shading treatment flower in evening type parent material, executes shading treatment and processes 7-15 days, and every day, light application time was 8-10h.Through the morning glory plant of above-mentioned processing, within 25-30 days, bloom in advance.Can regulate as required the Parent florescence consistent.
3, by the end of August, morning glory parent material starts to bloom successively, at the beginning of 9 months in the time that two parent materials all reach full-bloom stage (individual plant per day blooms number >=10), maternal material selection is without any disease, and evil infects, and gynoecium is grown normal, column cap does not have abortion, without the individual plant of brown stain; Male parent material selection infects without any disease, and stamen development is normal, the individual plant that pollen amount is large.
4, at the beginning of 9 months, bloom the Sheng phase in morning glory, when bright day gas dusk, (calyx sheet length is less than the half of bud total length to the bud that male parent material selection is about to bloom for second day, and petal opens slightly), order petal top with stapler, its second day flower can not be launched, and each individual plant is so processed 5-8 bud, the record of listing after processing finishes; Maternal material is chosen the bud that is about to bloom for second day equally, and (calyx sheet length is less than the half of bud total length, and in the middle of petal, slightly heave), tear bud from a side, do not touch the column cap of gynoecium, with tweezers careful except detassel, and then closed bud, order petal top with stapler.Each individual plant is so processed 5-8 bud.
5, the sunny point in the mornings 9-10 at second day, plucks the male parent flower that first day was processed dusk, tears top corolla part off, put into uncovered Lu's box or glass culture dish, put drying box into interior 45-60 minutes, 30-35 DEG C of baking temperatures.
6, the dried flower of male parent, pollen scatters in a large number, open gently the position that maternal flower is torn from first day, dips in paternal pollen with cotton swab or writing brush, is coated in gently on maternal column cap, be coated with 2-3 time, after pollination finishes, unclamp female parent, because flower corolla front end is ordered, flower Natural closure, has prevented entering of other pollen.
7, after pollination finishes, each processing listing mark, the processing of sheltering from heat or light of maternal plant top, processing times 11 point-17 point shelters from heat or light.
8,, every 2-3 days, on Parent plant, select bud, repeat the step of 4-7, general each plant continues pollination 5-6 time, before September 20, stops hybridization pollination, each hybridization pollination is preferably selected sunny weather, if need to take shelter from rain and carry out in continuous rainfall sky.
9, the plant of hybridization pollination after finishing, normal field liquid manure management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, pollination finishes about 35 days, in the time of capsule overstrike, the seed that can gather on maternal plant, dry threshing obtains morning glory hybrid seed.
The morning glory crossbreed of preparing by the present invention, has the following advantages: suitable sowing time and light treatment, and can make the Parent florescence consistent, and can make plant in the time of pollination, there is best growth conditions and optimum solid temperature; Bud processing before pollination, convenient and swift, and be difficult for hurting maternal pistil stigma; The dry processing of stamen pollen before pollination, can strengthen loose powder degree, improves Pollen Activity; Maternal plant shading treatment after pollination, is conducive to improve the ripening rate after pollination.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Material source, maternal material: great Hua pharbitis nilChoisy, pattern is white.
Male parent material: lead a cow in the West, great Hua roundleaf, pattern blueness.Above 2 kind Ruifan Agricultural Gardening Co., Ltd., Zhenjiang City are on sale.
The present embodiment carries out by the following method:
Sowing on June 30, morning glory parent point disk seedling growing, when 4-6 sheet true leaf, male parent material shading treatment, executes shading treatment and processes 10 days, and every day, light application time was 9h.
Maternal morning glory and through the male parent material morning glory of above-mentioned processing, field planting in seed farm, normal field management.
By the end of August, morning glory parent material starts to bloom successively, at the beginning of 9 months in the time that two parent materials all reach full-bloom stage (individual plant per day blooms number >=10), maternal material selection is without any disease, and evil infects, and gynoecium is grown normal, column cap does not have abortion, without the individual plant of brown stain; Male parent material selection infects without any disease, and stamen development is normal, the individual plant that pollen amount is large.
September 5 bloomed the Sheng phase in morning glory, when bright day gas dusk, (calyx sheet length is less than the half of bud total length to the bud that male parent material selection is about to bloom for second day, and petal opens slightly), order petal top with stapler, its second day flower can not be launched, and each individual plant is so processed 5-8 bud, the record of listing after processing finishes; Maternal material is chosen the bud that is about to bloom for second day equally, and (calyx sheet length is less than the half of bud total length, and in the middle of petal, slightly heave), tear bud from a side, do not touch the column cap of gynoecium, with tweezers careful except detassel, and then closed bud, order petal top with stapler.Each individual plant is so processed 5-8 bud.
The sunny point in the mornings 9-10 at second day, plucks the male parent flower that first day was processed dusk, tears top corolla part off, put into uncovered Lu's box or glass culture dish, put drying box into interior 45-60 minutes, 30-35 DEG C of baking temperatures.
The dried flower of male parent, pollen scatters in a large number, open gently the position that maternal flower is torn from first day, dips in paternal pollen with cotton swab or writing brush, is coated in gently on maternal column cap, be coated with 2-3 time, after pollination finishes, unclamp female parent, because flower corolla front end is ordered, flower Natural closure, has prevented entering of other pollen.
After pollination finishes, each processing listing mark, the processing of sheltering from heat or light of maternal plant top, processing times 11 point-17 point shelters from heat or light.
Every 2-3 days, on Parent plant, select bud, repeat the step of 4-7, general each plant continues pollination 5-6 time, before September 20, stops hybridization pollination, and each hybridization pollination is preferably selected sunny weather, if need to take shelter from rain and carry out in continuous rainfall sky.
Plant after hybridization pollination finishes, normal field liquid manure management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, each pollination is processed bud and is chosen 15-20 separate marking, before September 20 end of day hybridization pollinations, has chosen at random 100 buds altogether, investigates solid situation.
Pollination finishes about 35 days, in the time of capsule overstrike, and the seed that can gather on maternal plant, dry threshing obtains morning glory hybrid seed.
Control methods
June 30 sowing, morning glory parent point disk seedling growing, when 8-10 sheet true leaf, field planting in seed farm, normal field management.
By the end of August, the maternal material of morning glory starts to bloom successively, and the raw chapter of male parent material nutrition always, plant is luxuriant, and late September starts to bloom successively.
September 20, morning glory parent takes usual manner pollination hybridization, and every every 2-3 days, hybridization pollination once, finished hybridization pollination before October 5.
Each pollination is processed bud and is chosen 15-20 separate marking, before October 5 end of day hybridization pollinations, has chosen at random 100 buds altogether, investigates solid situation.
At the beginning of 11 months, before frost arrives, the seed of gathering on maternal plant, dry threshing obtains morning glory hybrid seed
The impact on ripening rate and seed outward appearance and quality of two kinds of cultivation methods
| ? | Ripening rate (%) | Germination rate (%) | Kernel seed coat colour | Seed outward appearance |
| Embodiment | 83 | 92.5 | Brown | Full |
| Control methods | 49 | 45 | Yellowish-brown | Shrivelled |
Contrast by above two kinds of planting types can be found out; existing common hybridization technique is for morning glory breeding; especially inconsistent breeding for quality of Parent florescence, solid situation and seed quality are all bad, because hybridization time is more late; temperature is low; solid in bad order, before frost arrives, seed does not have full maturity; affect seed plumpness, so germination rate is also lower.
Except above-mentioned enforcement, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method that improves morning glory cross-fertile rate, comprises the following steps:
The first step, by the parent material of morning glory sowing at the beginning of mid-June to 7 month, carry out point disk seedling growing, in the time growing to 4-6 sheet true leaf, shading treatment male parent material, regulates the Parent florescence consistent according to a conventional method;
Second step, in the time that the parent material of morning glory reaches full-bloom stage, select disease-free infection in female parent, gynoecium to grow normal, the column cap individual plant without abortion and brown stain, select disease-free infection in male parent, stamen development normal, the individual plant that pollen amount is large; In described male parent individual plant, choose the bud that is about to bloom for second day at the dusk of sunny weather, the top of fixing petal, the record of listing, in described maternal individual plant, choose the bud that is about to bloom for second day, tear bud from a side, in the case of not touching the column cap of gynoecium, remove detassel, then fix petal top;
The 3rd step, at second day sunny 9-10 point in the morning, pluck the male parent bud that first day was processed dusk, tear top corolla part off, put into the dry processing of container, obtain the pollen of male parent, the maternal bud that first day was processed is opened from the position of tearing, and dips in paternal pollen be coated on maternal column cap with cotton swab or writing brush;
After the 4th step, pollination finish, the female parent of each processing carries out listing mark, the processing of sheltering from heat or light of maternal plant top;
The 5th step, every 2-3 days, on Parent plant, select bud, repeat the step of second step to the four steps, keep each spider to continue pollination 5-6 time, before September 20, stopped hybridization pollination;
Plant after the 6th step, pollination finish, field liquid manure management and the extermination of disease and insect pest according to a conventional method, pollination finishes 32-37 days, in the time of capsule overstrike, the seed that can gather on maternal plant, dry threshing obtains morning glory hybrid seed.
2. the method that improves according to claim 1 morning glory cross-fertile rate, is characterized in that: in described step 1, shading treatment is processed 7-15 days, and every day, light application time was 8-10h.
3. improve according to claim 1 the method for morning glory cross-fertile rate; it is characterized in that: in described step 2; full-bloom stage refer to individual plant per day bloom number >=10; the bud that is about to bloom for second day in male parent individual plant refers to that calyx sheet length is less than the half of bud total length; and the bud that petal opens slightly; the bud that is about to bloom for second day in maternal individual plant refers to that calyx sheet length is less than the half of bud total length; and the bud of slightly heaving in the middle of petal, each individual plant is processed 5-8 bud by described method.
4. the method that improves according to claim 1 morning glory cross-fertile rate, is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, and 45-60 minutes drying times, 30-35 DEG C of baking temperatures.
5. the method that improves according to claim 1 morning glory cross-fertile rate, is characterized in that: in described the 4th step, the processing time of sheltering from heat or light is 11 point-17 points.
6. the method that improves according to claim 1 morning glory cross-fertile rate, is characterized in that: in described the 5th step, sunny weather is selected in pollination, in the time of continuous rainfall sky, takes shelter from rain and pollinates.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104956893A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-07 | 北京市花木有限公司 | Method for accelerating of petunia seedling growth |
| CN106386461A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of early blossoming split-petal ipomoea nil |
| CN109757357A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-17 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of water lily hybridizing method |
| CN111543247A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-08-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving natural cross pollination rate of grapes by using light-transmitting film |
| CN111771659A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving fruiting rate of jasmine flowers and pollination device thereof |
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| CN103461106A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Method for breeding and planting morning glory with high ornamental value, disease resistance and high yield |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104956893A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-07 | 北京市花木有限公司 | Method for accelerating of petunia seedling growth |
| CN104956893B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-07-20 | 北京市花木有限公司 | A method of accelerating petunia seedling early growth |
| CN106386461A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of early blossoming split-petal ipomoea nil |
| CN109757357A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-17 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of water lily hybridizing method |
| CN109757357B (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-10-29 | 南京农业大学 | Water lily hybridization method |
| CN111543247A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-08-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving natural cross pollination rate of grapes by using light-transmitting film |
| CN111771659A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving fruiting rate of jasmine flowers and pollination device thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20211126 Address after: 111 Baizhu Road, Baima Town, Lishui District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Nanjing Lihua Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 112, NInghang Road, Jurong City, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Patentee before: JIANGSU FOOTHILL ZHENJIANG AGRICULTURE Research Institute |