CN114766435B - Method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using water culture seedling trays of cereal seeds - Google Patents
Method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using water culture seedling trays of cereal seeds Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for artificially breeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using a water culture seedling tray of cereal seeds, which comprises the steps of preparing the water culture seedling tray of cereal seeds, breeding a frame structure, breeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae and the like. The whole framework is simple, the feeding density is effectively improved, and the artificial large-scale feeding is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry biology, relates to a method for artificially breeding spodoptera frugiperda, and in particular relates to a method for artificially breeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using a water culture seedling tray of cereal seeds.
Background
Since the 15 th century, corn has been the grain resource from America to other continents, and is also an important cereal crop in our country, with yields inferior to the second of rice habitats. Corn has evolved into important food, feed and industrial crops in our country. Especially, the development scale of the corn production becomes an important factor for determining the development of animal husbandry and corn processing industry and is an important component of national grain safety in the current international situation succession. Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera frugiperda is a serious migratory pest which invades China in recent years and causes serious threat to China, especially corn planting industry.
The larval stage is the main stage of pest crops, with the most serious damage with older larvae. The range of the damage period of the insects to the corn is wide, mainly from seedling period to spike period, the low-age larvae are usually hidden at the back of corn leaves to eat the leaves to form a semitransparent film-shaped 'window', and the corn leaves can be completely eaten when serious, even the seedlings of the corn and the stems of young plants are cut off directly, so that the corn is rapidly reduced in yield, and great loss is caused. Corn leaves and tender leaves which are eaten by the senior larvae and excrete a large amount of worm manure near the holes, and corn tassel and clusters which are not extracted can be drilled into the leaves and eaten, so that the prevention and control difficulty is high, serious threat is caused to corn pollination, the death of growing points can be seriously caused, and clusters can be transferred to surrounding plants to continue to be harmful, so that serious consequences such as poor pollination, rotten heart and the like are caused, and serious yield reduction and even harvest failure are caused.
The time sequence of corn planting in China is sequentially recursively deduced from the south to the north along with the temperature difference, and the mutual complementation in time and space provides rich food sources for the insects and creates superior natural conditions for more favorable migration and propagation of the population. The agricultural rural department of China formally prints a national spodoptera frugiperda prevention and control scheme in 2019, and provides accurate guidance and careful deployment on aspects of a spodoptera frugiperda prevention and control target task, monitoring, prevention and control measures and the like of China, ensures that spodoptera frugiperda does not fly in a large scale in a main corn producing area, ensures that corn does not have large-area continuous disaster, and furthest reduces the overall target task of disaster loss.
With the deep scientific research of spodoptera frugiperda and the research and development integration of prevention and control technology of domestic higher institutions and scientific research institutions, establishing a spodoptera frugiperda subculture population indoors and obtaining a large amount of spodoptera frugiperda sources which are consistent in development and physiologically proportions are the basis for developing scientific research and prevention and control research works. However, limited by seasons and growth cycles of host plants, especially, the situation that the spodoptera frugiperda larvae mutually kill or the larvae bite pupae frequently occurs under higher density, therefore, a fresh feed which can be obtained annually is urgently needed, and the breeding method and the breeding flow are optimized to conduct group breeding of spodoptera frugiperda larvae, so that orderly and successive transfer breeding of each insect state of spodoptera frugiperda is realized, and a large amount of physiological and praying insect sources are provided for developing scientific researches such as biology, ecology and physiology of spodoptera frugiperda and developing natural enemy parasitic wasp propagation in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for artificially breeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using a water culture seedling tray of cereal seeds, which is characterized in that the process of breeding the cereal seedling tray and artificially breeding spodoptera frugiperda is nested and fused, the operation is simple, the safety and the reliability are realized, and the habit that spodoptera frugiperda larvae preferentially eat corn, wheat, barley and rye seedlings and adults preferentially spawn on the corn, the wheat, the barley and the rye seedlings is fully utilized. By adopting a seedling tray bottom supporting structure, a vertically and horizontally piled three-dimensional space structure is built in the feeding frame, the aggregation effect of the larvae after hatching is effectively diluted, the killing behavior generated by the mutual contact of the spodoptera frugiperda larvae is isolated, and the feeding density is improved; meanwhile, a sand table can be placed at the bottom of a feeding rack after the larvae grow to the advanced age, so that the function of a spodoptera frugiperda pupation place is provided; and the live seedling tray can be used for attracting the spodoptera frugiperda adults to lay eggs and is used for continuously collecting spodoptera frugiperda egg masses. The application of the technology gets rid of the limitation that the seasonality of the spodoptera frugiperda fed by using the fresh corn leaves is not easy to obtain, reduces the risk of poisoning larva population caused by pesticide residue in the corn leaves in the field, avoids the pollution of microorganisms carried by the environmental matters in the field such as soil, and saves labor; provides a great amount of test insect sources with consistent development for further expanding the research and application of technologies such as biology, physiology, toxicology, biological control and the like of spodoptera frugiperda in the future.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using the water culture seedling trays of the cereal seeds comprises the following steps:
step S1, preparing a cereal seed water planting seedling tray:
taking cereal seeds, washing the cereal seeds with water, soaking the cereal seeds in clear water for 8-14 hours, suspending a seedling tray with holes on the water surface for 9-13 days, growing green seedlings to 13-25 cm, taking out the seedling tray, and draining off water to obtain a water-culturing seedling tray;
step S2, raising frame structure:
the raising rack comprises a horizontally placed bottom water planting seedling tray, side water planting seedling trays are obliquely placed at the edges of the left side and the right side of the bottom water planting seedling tray respectively to form a basic raising rack with a trapezoid structure (shown in figure 1), and a plurality of basic raising racks can be vertically overlapped on the basic raising rack to form a multi-layer raising rack (shown in figure 2);
step S3, breeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae:
step S3-1: quantitatively feeding spodoptera frugiperda egg blocks into the water planting seedling trays, wherein the ratio of the egg number to the area of each water planting seedling tray is more than or equal to 1 grain and is 0.5cm 2 The hatched larvae take young cereal seedlings, and the larvae automatically disperse and take the young cereal seedlings after 2-3 years of age;
step S3-2: changing a water culture seedling tray and cleaning worm manure and broken seedling residues in the feeding process for 3-10 days, and repeatedly stacking the fresh cereal seedlings in the fresh seedling tray after the fresh cereal seedlings which are not fed are pulled out;
step S3-3: after the larvae develop to 4 years, the density reaches 1 head to 19cm at the mouth 2 When the larvae develop to 5-6 years, the density of the larvae reaches 1 head to 29cm at the insect population 2 When the larvae are separated in time, the behavior of killing caused by mutual contact of the larvae after 4 years of age is avoided;
step S3-4: after the larvae develop to 5-6 years old, the bottom water planting seedling tray is taken down, replaced by a sand tray with sand laid at the bottom, and the bottom of the side water planting seedling tray is placed on the sand tray (as shown in figures 3 and 4) so that the mature larvae enter the sand to pupate;
step S4, pupa collection, adult feeding, egg preservation and subculture feeding:
s4-1, screening out the mature larva from the sand, putting the mature larva into a clean glass bottle, and standing for pupa emergence;
s4-2, placing the eclosion adults into an insect cage, placing a water culture seedling tray at the bottom of the insect cage for attracting the adults to spawn, and hanging cotton balls dipped with honey water for supplementing nutrition;
step S4-3, replacing cotton balls and collecting egg masses every day, pulling out cereal seedlings with egg masses, or placing the collected grass-field night egg masses into a refrigerator at 5 ℃ for 2 days, taking out the cereal seedlings when the cereal seedlings are used, or directly placing the cereal seedlings into a water culture seedling tray in the step S3, and circularly propagating and raising the cereal seedlings.
Further, in step S1, the cereal seeds are selected from wheat, barley, rye or corn, and the cereal seeds can be purchased in the market without requiring the quality of seed yield.
Further, the wheat, barley, rye, corn per cm 2 The mass of the paved seeds is respectively 0.13 g-0.26 g, 0.17 g-0.26 g and 0.17 g-0.35 g;
further, the bottom water planting seedling tray and the side water planting seedling tray can be selected from the same cereal seeds or more than two different cereal seeds, and the larvae are mixed and raised or the insects are induced to spawn.
Further, in the step S2, the inclination angle of the side water planting seedling tray and the bottom water planting seedling tray is 15-60 degrees.
Further, in the step S3-4, the removed bottom water planting seedling trays can be recombined into a side water planting seedling tray and a middle sand tray feeding frame.
Furthermore, the root and stem at the bottom of the water planting seedling tray can be removed without being shoveled, and the water can be sucked out by using a clean towel.
Further, in the step S3-4, sand is paved with sand tables with the thickness of 2-4 cm, and the sand is sterilized by the dry heat at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for more than 2 hours.
Further, the indoor temperature of the feeding rack and the insect breeding cage is 20-30 ℃, and the photoperiod L:D is 12-16 h:12-8 h. The indoor humidity is insufficient, and a humidifier can be placed near the feeding frame and the insect feeding cage so as to improve the local space humidity.
Further, in the step S4, the insect cage and the glass bottle are blanched or killed by boiling water or steam before use, so that the pollution of pathogenic matters is eliminated.
The method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using the water culture seedling tray of the cereal seeds has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention firstly utilizes the characteristic that the grain seeds of wheat, barley, rye and corn can be used for water planting seedling, utilizes a seedling tray with holes as a bearing medium of grain seedlings, makes the water planting seedling tray with the grain seedlings under indoor conditions, combines three seedling trays into a trapezoid Miao Panjie structure and can be vertically overlapped to form a multi-layer feeding frame, and provides sand at the bottom of the inclined seedling tray for the aged larvae of spodoptera frugiperda to pupate. The whole framework is simple, the feeding density is effectively improved, and the artificial large-scale feeding is realized.
2. The invention fully utilizes cereal seedlings to feed spodoptera frugiperda larvae as foodstuff, and can also be used as spawning trapping medium to attract spodoptera frugiperda adults to spawn, under the host condition that the seedlings are kept alive and are not easy to rot, the spodoptera frugiperda larvae can complete development, reproduction and spawning in each age, and the seedling bodies erected in a high density form a vertical and wide three-dimensional space, so that the killing behavior generated by the mutual contact of spodoptera frugiperda larvae is effectively isolated, and the feeding efficiency is greatly improved.
3. The invention gets rid of the seasonal limitation of breeding spodoptera frugiperda by using corn plant leaves, avoids the risk of pollution of indoor insect breeding tools by corn leaves in the field, realizes annual relay breeding of spodoptera frugiperda under indoor conditions by unifying the planned production of cultivating corn seedling trays and the indoor breeding spodoptera frugiperda process, and provides a physiological insect source for developing scientific researches such as biology, ecology, physiology and the like of spodoptera frugiperda and the propagation of natural enemy parasitic bees in the future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a basic feeding frame (a water planting seedling tray is arranged at the bottom);
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the multi-layered feeding frame of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a basic feeding rack (with a sand table at the bottom) for mature larvae of spodoptera frugiperda of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the multi-layered feeding frame of fig. 3.
In the figure: 1. a feeding rack; 2. a side water planting seedling tray; 3. a bottom water planting seedling tray; 4. cereal seedlings; 5. a sand table.
Detailed Description
A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present invention may be realized by the following detailed description. The examples provided are merely illustrative of the methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials used in the examples described below, etc., unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available.
Example 1 (wheat seed)
The invention relates to a method for raising spodoptera frugiperda by utilizing a wheat water-culturing seedling tray group, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a wheat water-culturing seedling tray:
a. weighing 100g of wheat seeds, soaking for 12 hours by using tap water after washing, spreading the wheat seeds in a plastic tray with a net, wherein the size of the tray is about 23 multiplied by 30cm (the spreading size of the wheat seeds is about 21 multiplied by 28 cm), enabling the water level to reach meshes and not submerging the height of the seeds, enabling the water level under the tray to be not less than 4cm, and placing the wheat seeds in a room temperature environment for cultivation;
b. after 9-12 days, taking out the wheat seedling tray, draining, preparing a sterilized towel, soaking in water, wringing, spreading on a tabletop, and placing and wrapping the wheat seedling tray on the towel for later use;
c. and after three wheat seedling trays are taken, fixing a bottom water planting seedling tray, and respectively placing side water planting seedling trays at the edges of the left side and the right side of the bottom water planting seedling tray in an inclined manner, so that the two wheat seedling trays and the bottom seedling tray are inclined into a ladder-shaped included angle feeding frame.
(2) The breeding process of spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprises the following steps:
a. respectively feeding 200-400 spodoptera littoralis egg blocks into three wheat seedling trays, and taking young wheat seedlings from the hatched larvae until the young wheat seedlings reach 2-3 years old, and dispersing and taking the young wheat seedlings;
b. considering that wheat seedlings are still in a growing state, replacing a wheat seedling tray for 3-7 days in the feeding process, cleaning insect manure and seedling residues, and repeatedly stacking the wheat seedlings which are not eaten in the fresh seedling tray after being pulled out;
c. when the density of the insect population reaches 19 heads/disc after the larvae develop to 4 years, other wheat seedling discs should be timely separated in time to avoid the behavior of killing caused by the mutual contact of the larvae after 4 years,
d. after the larvae develop to 5-6 years, when the density of insect mouths reaches 29 heads/disc, the wheat seedling disc should be separated in time for treatment, a sand disc with the size of 30 multiplied by 30cm is replaced at the bottom of the wheat seedling disc, and sand with the thickness of 2cm is paved at the bottom of the sand disc, and the sand is subjected to dry heat sterilization at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 hours. The bottoms of the wheat seedling trays on two sides are abutted against the sand table, and a distance of 10-20cm is reserved, so that mature larvae enter sand to pupate;
(3) Collecting pupae, raising adults, preserving eggs and carrying out subculture:
a. after the mature larvae are pupated in sand, screening out the sand by using a 10-mesh sample separating screen, putting the sand into a glass bottle with a paper towel pad at the bottom of the bottle, and tying a 100-mesh nylon net on the bottle mouth by using rubber bands, and standing for pupation to be eclosion at room temperature;
b. feeding the eclosion adults into a 40X 40cm insect cage made of 100-mesh nylon mesh cloth, placing 1 wheat seedling trays with the same size at the bottom for spawning, and hanging cotton balls dipped with 10% of honey water for nutrition supplement;
c. replacing cotton balls and collecting egg blocks every day, pulling out wheat seedlings with egg blocks, or placing collected grass-field bulbil blocks in a refrigerator at 5 ℃ for 2 days, taking out the grass-field bulbil blocks when the grass-field bulbil blocks are used, or directly placing the grass-field bulbil blocks in a feeding frame for water-containing wheat seedlings, and circularly propagating and feeding the grass-field bulbil blocks;
d. the relative humidity in the room where the insect cage is located is about 80%, and the room temperature is 25-28 ℃, so that the development of spodoptera frugiperda larvae and the oviposition of adults are facilitated in the indoor environment.
Example 2 (barley seed)
The invention relates to a method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using a water culture seedling tray of barley seeds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a barley water-culturing seedling tray:
a. weighing 80g of barley seeds, soaking for 12 hours by using tap water after washing, spreading the barley seeds in a plastic tray with a net, wherein the size of the tray is about 23 multiplied by 30cm (the spreading size of grain seeds is about 21 multiplied by 28 cm), enabling the water level to reach meshes and not submerging the height of the seeds, enabling the water level under the tray to be not less than 4cm, and placing the barley seeds under the tray in a room temperature environment for cultivation;
b. after 9-14 days, taking out the barley seedling tray, draining, preparing a sterilized towel, soaking in water, wringing, spreading on a tabletop, and placing and wrapping the barley seedling tray on the towel for later use;
c. and after one seedling tray is fixed, respectively taking the long sides of the two seedling trays to be stacked, and the other side of the two seedling trays is leaned against the side surface of the feeding frame, so that the two barley seedling trays and the bottom seedling tray form the feeding frame with the inclined ladder-shaped included angle.
(2) The breeding process of spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprises the following steps:
a. respectively feeding eggs containing 200-400 spodoptera littoralis into three seedling trays, and taking young barley seedlings from the hatched larvae until the young barley seedlings reach 2-3 years, and dispersing and taking the young barley seedlings;
b. the cereal seedlings are still in a living state, the barley seedling trays should be replaced for 3-7 days in the feeding process, the insect manure and seedling residues are cleaned, and if the barley seedlings which are not taken are pulled out, the barley seedlings can be repeatedly stacked in the fresh seedling trays;
c. when the density of the insect population reaches 19 heads/disc after the larvae develop to 4 years, other barley seedling discs should be timely separated in time to avoid the behavior of killing caused by the mutual contact of the larvae after 4 years,
d. after the larvae develop to 5-6 years, when the density of insect mouths reaches 29 heads/tray, the barley seedling tray should be separated in time in the cleaning process, the bottom seedling tray is replaced by a 23X 30cm sand tray, and sand with the thickness of 2cm is paved at the bottom and is subjected to dry heat sterilization at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 hours. The bottoms of barley seedling trays on two sides are abutted against the sand table, and a 3-5cm interval is reserved, so that mature larvae enter sand to pupate;
(3) Collecting pupae, raising adults, preserving eggs and carrying out subculture:
a. after the mature larvae are pupated in sand, screening out the sand by using a 10-mesh sample separating screen, putting the sand into a glass bottle with a paper towel pad at the bottom of the bottle, and tying a 100-mesh nylon net on the bottle mouth by using rubber bands, and standing for pupation to be eclosion at room temperature;
b. feeding the eclosion adults into a 40X 40cm insect cage made of 100-mesh nylon mesh cloth, placing 1 barley seedling tray with the same size at the bottom for spawning, and hanging cotton balls dipped with 10% of honey water for nutrition supplement;
c. replacing cotton balls and collecting egg blocks every day, pulling out barley seedlings with egg blocks, or placing collected grass-field night egg blocks into a refrigerator at 5 ℃ for 2 days, taking out the cotton balls and collecting egg blocks when the grass-field night egg blocks are stored, or directly placing the grass-field night egg blocks into a feeding frame for water-containing barley seedlings for cyclic propagation and feeding;
d. the relative humidity in the room where the insect cage is located is about 80%, and the room temperature is 25-28 ℃, so that the development of spodoptera frugiperda larvae and the oviposition of adults are facilitated in the indoor environment.
Example 3 (rye seed)
The invention relates to a method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using a water culture seedling tray of rye seeds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a rye water-culturing seedling tray:
a. weighing 100g of rye seeds, soaking for 10 hours by using tap water after washing, spreading the rye seeds in a plastic tray with a net, wherein the size of the tray is about 23 multiplied by 30cm (the spreading size of grain seeds is about 21 multiplied by 28 cm), enabling the water level to reach meshes and not submerging the height of the seeds, enabling the water level under the tray to be not less than 4cm, and placing the tray under the room temperature environment for cultivation;
b. after 9-14 days, taking out the black wheat seedling tray and draining after the black wheat green seedlings grow to about 15cm, preparing a sterilized towel, soaking in water and wringing, spreading on a tabletop, and placing the black wheat seedling tray on the towel and wrapping for later use;
c. and after fixing one seedling tray, respectively taking two long sides of the seedling trays to be stacked, and the other side of the seedling trays is leaned against the side surface of the feeding frame, so that the two seedling trays of rye and the bottom seedling tray are inclined to form a ladder-shaped included angle.
(2) The breeding process of spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprises the following steps:
a. respectively feeding 200-400 spodoptera littoralis egg blocks into the three seedling trays, and taking young black wheat seedlings from the hatched larvae until the young black wheat seedlings reach 2-3 years, and dispersing and taking the young black wheat seedlings;
b. the cereal seedlings are still in a living state, the black wheat seedling trays should be replaced for 3-7 days in the feeding process, and the insect manure and seedling residues are cleaned, if the rye seedlings which do not take food are pulled out, the cereal seedlings can be repeatedly stacked in the fresh seedling trays;
c. when the density of the insect population reaches 19 heads/disc after the larvae develop to 4 years, other black wheat seedling discs should be timely separated in time to avoid the behavior of killing caused by the mutual contact of the larvae after 4 years,
d. after the larvae develop to 5-6 years, when the density of insect mouths reaches 29 heads/disc, the black wheat seedling disc should be separated in time in the cleaning process, the bottom seedling disc is replaced by a 23X 30cm sand disc, and sand with the thickness of 2cm is paved at the bottom and is subjected to dry heat sterilization at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 hours. The bottoms of the rye seedling trays on two sides are abutted against the sand table, and a 3-5cm interval is reserved, so that mature larvae enter sand to pupate;
(3) Collecting pupae, raising adults, preserving eggs and carrying out subculture:
a. after the mature larvae are pupated in sand, screening out the sand by using a 10-mesh sample separating screen, putting the sand into a glass bottle with a paper towel pad at the bottom of the bottle, and tying a 100-mesh nylon net on the bottle mouth by using rubber bands, and standing for pupation to be eclosion at room temperature;
b. feeding the eclosion adults into a 40X 40cm insect cage made of 100-mesh nylon mesh cloth, placing 1 black wheat seedling trays with the same size at the bottom for spawning, and hanging cotton balls dipped with 10% of honey water for nutrition supplement;
c. replacing cotton balls and collecting egg blocks every day, extracting rye seedlings with egg blocks, or placing collected grass-field night egg blocks into a refrigerator at 5 ℃ for 2 days, taking out when the grass-field night egg blocks are used, or directly placing the grass-field night egg blocks into a feeding frame for water-containing rye seedlings, and circularly propagating and feeding;
d. the relative humidity in the room where the insect cage is located is about 80%, and the room temperature is 25-28 ℃, so that the development of spodoptera frugiperda larvae and the oviposition of adults are facilitated in the indoor environment.
Example 4 (corn seeds)
The invention relates to a method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using a water culture seedling tray of corn seeds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of a corn hydroponic seedling tray:
a. weighing 200g of corn seeds, soaking for 14 hours by using tap water after washing, spreading the corn seeds in a plastic tray with a net, wherein the size of the tray is about 23 multiplied by 30cm (the spreading size of grain seeds is about 21 multiplied by 28 cm), enabling the water level to reach meshes and not submerging the height of the seeds, enabling the water level under the tray to be not less than 4cm, and placing the corn seeds in a room temperature environment for cultivation;
b. after 9-14 days, taking out the corn seedling tray, draining, preparing a sterilized towel, soaking in water, wringing, spreading on a tabletop, placing the corn seedling tray on the towel, and wrapping for later use;
c. and after one seedling tray is fixed, respectively taking the long sides of the two seedling trays to be stacked, and the other side of the two seedling trays is leaned against the side surface of the feeding frame, so that the two corn seedling trays and the bottom seedling tray form the feeding frame with the inclined ladder-shaped included angle.
(2) The breeding process of spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprises the following steps:
a. respectively putting 200-400 spodoptera littoralis egg blocks into three seedling trays, and taking young corn seedlings from the hatched larvae until the young corn seedlings reach 2-3 years, and dispersing and taking the young corn seedlings;
b. the corn seedlings are still in a living state, the corn seedling trays should be replaced for 3-7 days in the feeding process, the insect manure and seedling residues are cleaned, and if the corn seedlings which are not eaten are pulled out, the corn seedlings can be repeatedly stacked in the fresh seedling trays;
c. when the density of the insect population reaches 19 heads/disc after the larvae develop to 4 years, other corn seedling discs should be timely separated in time to avoid the behavior of killing caused by the mutual contact of the larvae after 4 years,
d. after the larvae develop to 5-6 years, when the density of insect mouths reaches 29 heads/disc, the corn seedling disc should be separated in time in the cleaning process, the bottom seedling disc is replaced by a 23X 30cm sand disc, and sand with the thickness of 2cm is paved at the bottom and is subjected to dry heat sterilization at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 hours. The bottoms of the corn seedling trays on two sides are abutted against the sand table, and a 3-5cm interval is reserved, so that mature larvae enter sand to pupate;
(3) Collecting pupae, raising adults, preserving eggs and carrying out subculture:
a. after the mature larvae are pupated in sand, screening out the sand by using a 10-mesh sample separating screen, putting the sand into a glass bottle with a paper towel pad at the bottom of the bottle, and tying a 100-mesh nylon net on the bottle mouth by using rubber bands, and standing for pupation to be eclosion at room temperature;
b. feeding the eclosion adults into a 40X 40cm insect cage made of 100-mesh nylon mesh cloth, placing 1 corn seedling tray with the same size at the bottom for spawning, and hanging cotton balls dipped with 10% honey water for nutrition supplement;
c. replacing cotton balls and collecting egg blocks every day, pulling out corn seedlings with egg blocks, or placing collected grass-field night egg blocks into a refrigerator at 5 ℃ for 2 days, taking out the cotton balls and collecting egg blocks when the grass-field night egg blocks are stored, or directly placing the grass-field night egg blocks into a feeding frame for water-containing corn seedlings, and circularly propagating and feeding the grass-field night egg blocks;
d. the relative humidity in the room where the insect cage is located is about 80%, and the room temperature is 25-28 ℃, so that the development of spodoptera frugiperda larvae and the oviposition of adults are facilitated in the indoor environment.
Control group
The method mainly uses fresh corn leaves as spodoptera frugiperda larva foodstuff and as a spodoptera frugiperda adult spawning medium, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The breeding process of spodoptera frugiperda larvae comprises the following steps:
a. respectively spreading in plastic trays with net, wherein the size of the trays is about 23×30cm, stacking new corn leaves with different sizes, staggered stacking, adding 200-400 spodoptera frugiperda egg blocks, and taking young corn leaves after hatching until 2-3 years;
b. in the feeding process, corn leaves should be replaced every 3 days and residue of insect manure and seedlings should be cleaned;
c. when the density of the insect population reaches 19 heads/disc after the larvae develop to 4 years, other corn leaf discs should be timely separated in time to avoid the behavior of killing caused by the mutual contact of the larvae after 4 years,
d. after the larvae develop to 5-6 years, when the density of insect mouths reaches 29 heads/disc, corn leaf disc treatment should be carried out in time, a sand table with the size of 30 multiplied by 30cm is placed at the bottom of a raising cage, and sand with the thickness of 2cm is paved at the bottom of the raising cage, and the sand is subjected to dry heat sterilization at the high temperature of 120 ℃ for 2 hours. The bottoms of the corn-containing trays on both sides are abutted against the sand table, and a 3-5cm interval is reserved, so that mature larvae enter sand to pupate;
(3) Collecting pupae, raising adults, preserving eggs and carrying out subculture:
a. after the mature larvae are pupated in sand, screening out the sand by using a 10-mesh sample separating screen, putting the sand into a glass bottle with a paper towel pad at the bottom of the bottle, and tying a 100-mesh nylon net on the bottle mouth by using rubber bands, and standing for pupation to be eclosion at room temperature;
b. the eclosion adults are put into a 40 multiplied by 40cm insect cage made of 100-mesh nylon mesh cloth, corn leaves are hung on the top to induce the adults to spawn, and cotton balls dipped with 10% honey water are hung to supplement nutrition;
c. cotton balls and corn leaves are replaced every day and are directly placed in a feeding cage containing the corn leaves, and the breeding is carried out circularly;
d. the relative humidity in the room where the insect cage is located is about 80%, and the room temperature is 25-28 ℃, so that the development of spodoptera frugiperda larvae and the oviposition of adults are facilitated in the indoor environment.
Comparison results
Each pupae was weighed and recorded using a ten-thousandth electronic balance on the first day of pupation.
Calculated using the following formula:
single female spawning amount = total spawning amount/number of eclosion females
Egg hatchability = (number of larvae to be hatched/total number of eggs to be tested) ×100%
Survival rate of larvae = (number of mature larvae/total number of test larvae) ×100%
Pupation rate = (pupation number/test larva number) ×100%
Eclosion rate = (number of eclosion adults/number of pupae) ×100%
Table 1 comparison of biological parameters of different cereal hydroponic seedlings tray fed spodoptera frugiperda
| Feeding mode | Larval survival/% | Pupation rate/% | Pupa weight/mg | Rate of emergence/% | Single female spawning quantity/grain | Egg hatchability/% |
| Example 1 | 62.35±4.53a | 92.35±3.56a | 234.1±7.8a | 84.62±3.78a | 2626.4±246.3a | 97.21±0.56a |
| Example 2 | 65.3±5.84a | 91.87±5.93a | 223.1±5.6a | 85.23±4.8a | 2271.8±237.1a | 98.12±0.63a |
| Example 3 | 62.94±4.2a | 89.33±4.31a | 217.2±8.9a | 87.4±3.25a | 2327.7±231.2a | 97.3±0.42a |
| Example 4 | 62.3±3.33a | 90.34±3.51a | 240.4±6.6a | 88.31±5.24a | 3029.3±237.5a | 98.31±0.45a |
| |
33.8±6.81b | 69.51±5.22b | 193.2±6.7a | 82.3±5.38a | 2462.7±151.6a | 96.33±0.52a |
As can be seen from table 1: using the method of the present invention (examples 1-4), namely the method of rearing spodoptera frugiperda larvae with wheat, barley, rye and maize hydroponic trays and simultaneously as a spawning induction medium attracting spodoptera frugiperda adults to spawn in a population manner, the larvae survival rates were 62.35%, 65.3%, 62.94% and 62.3%, respectively; pupation rates are 92.35%, 91.87%, 89.33% and 90.34%, respectively; the survival rate and pupation rate of larvae raised by corn leaves of the control group 1 are obviously higher than those of the control group 1, namely 33.8 percent and 69.51 percent respectively, and particularly, the survival rate of larvae is far lower than that of the examples 1-4 of the invention. In the embodiments 1-4 of the present invention, the pupa weights were 234.1mg, 223.1mg, 217.2mg and 240.4mg, the emergence rates were 84.62%, 85.23%, 87.4% and 88.31%, the single female spawning rates were 2626.4, 2271.8, 2327.7 and 3029.3, respectively, the egg hatching rates were 97.21%, 98.12%, 97.3% and 98.31%, respectively, and the egg laying medium was corn seedlings as the spodoptera frugiperda for the partial values, and the egg laying medium was more egg numbers, but the results were not significantly different from those of the control group 1 fed with corn leaves. These results show that when the trapezoidal grain water planting seedling trays are established to feed spodoptera frugiperda larvae, and meanwhile, the grain water planting seedling trays are used as spawning mediums for attracting spodoptera frugiperda adults, compared with the feeding mode using corn leaves, the method has higher larva survival rate and pupation rate, which means that the arrangement structure of the barley, rye and corn seed seedling trays and the seedling trays is utilized, so that mutual killing of larvae can be effectively reduced, the survival rate of spodoptera frugiperda larvae is remarkably improved, the pupation rate is improved in a mode of collecting pupation at the bottom by using sand tables, and the egg hatching rate, the pupation weight and the eclosion rate with equal effects are also obtained. The invention shows that the water culture seedling trays of barley, rye and corn seeds are used for colony feeding spodoptera frugiperda, can provide a large number of test insect sources with consistent development for developing the biological ecology of spodoptera frugiperda and applying the control technology of breeding natural enemy parasitic bees and the like.
The foregoing disclosure is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims herein, as equivalent variations of the claims herein will fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae by using a water culture seedling tray of cereal seeds, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparing a cereal seed water planting seedling tray:
taking cereal seeds, washing the cereal seeds with water, soaking the cereal seeds in clear water for 8 to 14h, suspending the perforated seedling trays on the water surface for 9 to 13 days, growing green seedlings to 13 to 25cm, taking out the seedling trays, and draining off water to obtain water-culturing seedling trays;
step S2, raising frame structure:
the feeding frame comprises a horizontally placed bottom water planting seedling tray, side water planting seedling trays are obliquely placed at the edges of the left side and the right side of the bottom water planting seedling tray respectively to form a basic feeding frame with a trapezoid structure, and a plurality of basic feeding frames can be vertically overlapped on the basic feeding frame to form a multi-layer feeding frame;
step S3, breeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae:
step S3-1: quantitatively feeding spodoptera frugiperda egg blocks to the water planting seedling trays, wherein the ratio of the egg number to the area of each water planting seedling tray is more than or equal to 1, 0.5 and 0.5cm 2 The hatched larvae take young cereal seedlings, and the larvae automatically disperse and take the young cereal seedlings after 2-3 years of age;
step S3-2: changing a water culture seedling tray and cleaning worm manure and broken seedling residues in the feeding process for 3-10 days, and repeatedly stacking the young grain seedlings in a fresh seedling tray after the young grain seedlings which are not fed are pulled out;
step S3-3: after the larvae develop to 4 years, the density reaches 1 head at the mouth of the larvae, 19: 19cm 2 When the larvae develop to 5 to 6 years, the density of the larvae reaches 1 head at the insect population, 29: 29cm 2 When the larvae are separated in time, the behavior of killing caused by mutual contact of the larvae after 4 years of age is avoided;
step S3-4: after the larvae develop to 5-6 years old, taking down the bottom water planting seedling tray, replacing the bottom water planting seedling tray with a sand-containing sand tray, and placing the bottom of the side water planting seedling tray on the sand tray so that the mature larvae enter the sand to pupate;
step S4, pupa collection, adult feeding, egg preservation and subculture feeding:
s4-1, screening out the mature larva from the sand, putting the mature larva into a clean glass bottle, and standing for pupa emergence;
s4-2, placing the eclosion adults into an insect cage, placing a water culture seedling tray at the bottom of the insect cage for attracting the adults to spawn, and hanging cotton balls dipped with honey water for supplementing nutrition;
step S4-3, replacing cotton balls and collecting egg masses every day, pulling out cereal seedlings with egg masses, or placing the collected grass-field night egg masses into a refrigerator at 5 ℃ for 2 days, taking out the cereal seedlings when the cereal seedlings are used, or directly placing the cereal seedlings into a water culture seedling tray in the step S3, and circularly propagating and raising the cereal seedlings.
2. The method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of grain seeds according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the cereal seeds are selected from wheat, barley, rye or corn.
3. A method of artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of cereal seeds according to claim 2, wherein: each cm of the wheat, barley, rye and corn 2 The quality of the paved seeds are respectively 0.13 g-0.26 g, 0.13 g-0.26 g, 0.17 g-0.26 g and 0.17 g-0.35 g.
4. A method of artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of cereal seeds according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom water planting seedling tray and the side water planting seedling tray can be selected from the same cereal seeds or more than two different cereal seeds, and the two seeds are mixed for raising larvae or inducing the insects to spawn.
5. The method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of grain seeds according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the inclination angle of the side water planting seedling tray and the bottom water planting seedling tray is 15-60 degrees.
6. The method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of grain seeds according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3-4, the removed bottom water planting seedling trays can be recombined into a feeding frame of the side water planting seedling trays and the middle sand tray.
7. The method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of grain seeds according to claim 1, wherein: the root and stem at the bottom of the seedling tray can be removed, and the water can be sucked out by using a clean towel.
8. The method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of grain seeds according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3-4, sand is paved in a sand table with the thickness of 2-4 cm, and the sand is sterilized by the dry heat at the high temperature of 120 ℃ being more than 2 h.
9. The method for artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of grain seeds according to claim 1, wherein: the indoor temperature of the raising rack and the insect raising cage is 20-30 ℃, and the photoperiod L/D is 12-16/h/12-8/h.
10. The method of artificially feeding spodoptera frugiperda larvae in a hydroponic seedling tray of cereal seeds according to claim 9, wherein: in the step S4, the insect cage and the glass bottle are blanched or killed by boiling water or steam before use, so as to kill the pollution of pathogenic matters.
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