CN114631473A - Horticultural potted flower culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Horticultural potted flower culture medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114631473A CN114631473A CN202210334399.1A CN202210334399A CN114631473A CN 114631473 A CN114631473 A CN 114631473A CN 202210334399 A CN202210334399 A CN 202210334399A CN 114631473 A CN114631473 A CN 114631473A
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- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000022 bacteriostatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009661 flower growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000021749 root development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of horticultural flower culture medium, and aims to provide a horticultural potted flower culture medium and a preparation method thereof, wherein the culture medium comprises 40-60 parts of kitchen waste and 20-30 parts of garden waste to prepare organic fermentation, and 20-30 parts of fly ash and kaolin, 8-10 parts of vermiculite, 7-10 parts of perlite, 0-5 parts of ceramsite and 2-5 parts of synergist are added into 30-40 parts of organic fermentation. The fly ash and the kaolin are added, so that the solid waste problem of a coal-fired power plant is solved, various trace elements in the fly ash provide nutritional requirements for plant growth, and meanwhile, the micro-pore structures and the flocculating substances of the fly ash and the kaolin play a role in controlled release/slow release of the nutritional substances. The raw materials are low in cost and simple and easy to obtain, and the obtained culture medium is comprehensive in nutrition and can continuously supply nutrients required by flower growth for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of horticultural flower culture media, in particular to a horticultural pot flower culture medium and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing living standard, the demand of consumers for flowers is increasing. China is a big garden flower country, the flower industry in China is developed vigorously, and the demand for high-grade special fertilizer for flowers is increasing (Chengnian and Huangyuxiang, 2000). The fertilization technology is one of the key technologies for obtaining high-quality flowers (Wu Yonghua, 2000; Muding and Li Chun flower, 1999; Xie Shi just, 2000), and the nutrient regulation and control of the flowers are the key links of flower cultivation (Martai and, 1985).
At present, the flower fertilizer in China mainly comes from the following sources:
through a rotten organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer can be slowly released along with the growth of flowers and can continuously supply partial nutrients required by the growth of the flowers, however, the organic fertilizer contains low content of mineral nutrients and is slow in mineralization speed, and the released mineral nutrients can not meet the requirements of plants when a large amount of nutrients are required; moreover, the flower may be damaged by diseases and insect pests, which is not favorable for indoor growth.
Secondly, the urea and phosphorus-potassium fertilizer compound fertilizer has short fertilizer effect and quick effect, quickly releases nutrient substances to ensure that flowers grow excessively in a short period after being fertilized, and can solve the contradiction even if a small amount of fertilizer is applied for many times, but the management cost is improved, and in addition, the use by consumers is not facilitated.
The fly ash comprises fly ash and ash slag and is solid waste discharged by a coal-fired power plant. The data show that the accumulated fly ash in China exceeds billions at present, occupies land, wastes land resources, seriously pollutes the environment and causes obstacles for the further development of the power industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a culture medium for horticultural pot flowers and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a horticultural potted floral culture medium comprising: 40-60 parts of kitchen waste and 20-30 parts of garden waste, and adding 20-30 parts of fly ash and kaolin, 8-10 parts of vermiculite, 7-10 parts of perlite, 0-5 parts of ceramsite and 2-5 parts of synergist into 30-40 parts of organic leavening; wherein 20-30 parts of fly ash and kaolin refer to 20-30 parts of the mixture of fly ash and kaolin.
Specifically, after pretreatment such as impurity removal, oil removal, desalting, dehydration, crushing and the like, the kitchen waste is controlled to have the water content of 60-65% and the particle size of less than 2 cm.
Specifically, the garden waste comprises fallen leaves, branches, grass pieces obtained after lawn trimming and the like, and the particle size of the garden waste is not more than 3mm after the garden waste is dried and crushed.
Specifically, the fly ash is solid waste of a power plant, is from milky white to grey black in color, consists of a particle group formed by mechanically mixing various particles, and has a particle size of less than 3mm after being ground.
Specifically, after the vermiculite, the perlite and the ceramsite are ground and crushed, the particle size of the vermiculite is 2-3mm, the particle size of the perlite is 3-5mm, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 1-3 mm.
Specifically, the synergist consists of rooting powder and a bacteriostatic agent, wherein the mass ratio of the rooting powder to the bacteriostatic agent is (1-3) to (1-2).
A method for manufacturing a horticultural pot flower culture medium comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing 40-60 parts of kitchen waste and 20-30 parts of garden waste according to the mass ratio of the kitchen waste to the garden waste after pretreatment, uniformly mixing, and adjusting the C/N ratio to be 20-30 and the water content to be 60-65%;
(2) adding 0.5-1.0 wt% of high temperature zymocyte to carry out aerobic fermentation;
(3) when the fermentation temperature reaches above 60 ℃, turning the pile, repeating for 3-5 times, and when the temperature is reduced to room temperature, composting to obtain organic fermentation product;
(4) and (3) taking 30-40 parts of the organic fermentation product prepared in the third step, adding 20-30 parts of fly ash and kaolin, 8-10 parts of vermiculite, 7-10 parts of perlite, 0-5 parts of ceramsite and 2-5 parts of synergist, uniformly mixing, and standing for composting for 3-7 days to obtain the culture medium for the gardening pot flowers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
according to the invention, the organic fermentation product is prepared from kitchen garbage and garden waste, and the fly ash and kaolin are added into the organic fermentation product to obtain the culture substrate for the potted flowers in horticulture, so that the problem of solid waste of a coal-fired power plant is solved, various trace elements in the fly ash can provide nutritional requirements for plant growth, and meanwhile, the microporous structures and flocculating substances of the fly ash and the kaolin play a role in controlled release/slow release for the release of the nutritional substances. The raw materials are low in cost and simple and easy to obtain, the obtained culture medium is comprehensive in nutrition, and nutrients required by flower growth can be continuously supplied for a long time; the growth, root development, budding and blooming of the potted flowers are facilitated, the growth effect of the potted flowers is good, and the ornamental value of the potted flowers is improved.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The fly ash is a spherical particle, has a spatial reticular structure, has a unique microporous structure and special flocculating substances for 'netting' rod crystals, can realize the ion exchange performance and high adsorption performance of the fly ash, and forms 'netting' on fertilizer nutrient elements by the reticular substance structure, thereby controlling the loss of the fertilizer nutrient elements in soil, achieving the purposes of fixing nutrients and reducing the loss, therefore, the fly ash has the functions of controlling loss of pellets, fixing nitrogen and fixing phosphorus, is applied to the soil, can improve the physical structure of the soil, and improves the ground temperature and water retention capacity.
Researches show that the content of harmful trace elements in the fly ash is low, the dissolution amount is lower than the pollutant control standard in GB8173-87 agricultural fly ash, no negative influence is brought to the environment, the health of human beings is not endangered through a food chain, besides common elements, the fly ash also contains a large amount of trace elements, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, aluminum, diamond and the like are related to agriculture, and the total amount is about 1.5 percent generally. Theoretical and practical researches prove that the elements can be used as nutrients for crop growth, and oxides of the elements can be dissolved in weak acid although the water solubility is poor, and belong to citrate-soluble nutrients, so that the elements can be dissolved in organic acid secreted by root systems in plant growth and can be absorbed and utilized by plants.
The fly ash is used as an additive in the fertilizer, can be biologically degraded, greatly improves the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency, improves the soil structure and the fertilizer value, and promotes the development of the planting industry.
The kaolin is a natural clay mineral and can be used as a carrier of fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides, because the particle surface of the kaolin has fine pores, the kaolin has certain adsorbability, and the nano-grade kaolin has good adsorbability and desorption performance on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic carbon.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a horticultural pot flower culture medium, kitchen garbage is pretreated, the pretreatment comprises the steps of sorting, impurity removal, crushing and dehydration, the particle size range is controlled to be 0.5-2cm, and the water content is controlled to be 60% -65%; taking waste garden waste fallen leaves and grass after trimming lawns, drying in the sun, and then crushing, wherein the particle size after treatment is not more than 3 mm; uniformly mixing 50 parts of treated kitchen waste and 20 parts of garden waste, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 30 and the pH value to be 6.8, adding high-temperature zymophyte according to the amount of 0.5-1.0Kg/t, and carrying out aerobic fermentation; and when the temperature of the fermented materials reaches above 60 ℃, carrying out first pile turning, repeatedly turning for 3 times, fully fermenting for 20 days, and cooling the fermented materials to room temperature to obtain the organic fermented product.
And (3) adding 30 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of vermiculite, 7 parts of perlite and 2 parts of synergist into 40 parts of organic fermentation product, uniformly mixing 1 part of rooting powder and 1 part of bacteriostatic agent, and standing for composting for 3 days to obtain the horticultural flower culture medium.
Example 2
The treatment of the kitchen waste is the same as that of the embodiment 1, the waste garden waste waterweeds and reeds are taken, dried in the sun and crushed, and the particle size after the treatment is not more than 3 mm; uniformly mixing 40 parts of treated kitchen waste and 30 parts of garden waste, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 30 and the pH value to be 6.8-7.0, adding high-temperature zymophyte according to the amount of 0.5-1.0Kg/t, and carrying out aerobic fermentation; and when the temperature of the fermented materials reaches above 60 ℃, carrying out first pile turning, repeatedly turning for 3 times, fully fermenting for 20 days, and cooling the fermented materials to room temperature to obtain the organic fermented product.
And (2) adding 20 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of kaolin, 10 parts of vermiculite, 10 parts of perlite, 3 parts of ceramsite and 4 parts of synergist into 30 parts of organic fermentation product, uniformly mixing the raw materials and 2 parts of bacteriostatic agent, and standing for composting for 3 days to obtain the horticultural flower culture medium.
Example 3
The treatment of the kitchen waste is the same as that of the embodiment 1, the mixed garden waste of fallen leaves, crushed grass, waterweed and reed is dried in the sun and then crushed, and the particle size after the treatment is not more than 3 mm; uniformly mixing 40 parts of treated kitchen waste and 30 parts of garden waste, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 30 and the pH value to be 6.8-7.0, adding high-temperature zymophyte according to the amount of 0.5-1.0Kg/t, and carrying out aerobic fermentation; and when the temperature of the fermented materials reaches above 60 ℃, carrying out primary pile turning, repeating pile turning for 5 times, fully fermenting for 30 days, and cooling the fermented materials to room temperature to obtain the organic fermented product.
Taking 35 parts of organic fermentation product, adding 18 parts of fly ash, 9 parts of kaolin, 9 parts of vermiculite, 9 parts of perlite, 3 parts of ceramsite and 4 parts of synergist, wherein 2 parts of rooting powder and 2 parts of bacteriostatic agent are respectively added, uniformly mixing, and standing for composting for 7 days to obtain the horticultural flower culture medium.
Comparative example 1
The gardening flower cultivation medium adopts nearby garden soil samples.
Comparative example 2
The horticultural flower culture medium adopts a common organic culture medium purchased in the market.
The culture substrates obtained in comparative examples 1 and 2 and examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the test. Table 1 shows the basic physical properties of different culture media, table 2 shows the basic chemical properties of different culture media, table 3 shows the influence of different culture media on the ornamental properties of the potted rose, and table 4 shows the influence of different culture media on the growth properties of the potted rose in the full bloom stage.
| Treatment of | Particle size mm | Volume weight (g/cm3) | Organic matter (%) | Total porosity% | Large/small pore ratio |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.0-10.6 | 1.12 | 6.91 | 63.6 | 1:2.10 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3.1-4.7 | 0.78 | 39.13 | 66.3 | 1:2.22 |
| Example 1 | 3.2-4.5 | 0.71 | 34.31 | 76.7 | 1:2.33 |
| Example 2 | 2.6-3.8 | 0.63 | 32.72 | 81.7 | 1:2.28 |
| Example 3 | 3.3-5.1 | 0.68 | 33.67 | 77.3 | 1:2.31 |
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
| Treatment of | Flower type | Floral fragrance | Design and color | Leaf color | Growth potential |
| Comparative example 1 | Messy | Light incense | Dull color and luster | Light green | Weak (weak) |
| Comparative example 2 | Is neat | Fragrance composition | Beautiful color | Dense green | High strength |
| Example 1 | Is tidy | Fragrance composition | Beautiful color | Dense green | High strength |
| Example 2 | Is tidy | Fragrance composition | Gorgeous and beautiful flower color | Dense green | Strong strength (S) |
| Example 3 | Is tidy | Fragrance composition | Beautiful color | Dense green | Strong strength (S) |
TABLE 3
The flower type is as follows: messy, general, tidy and tidy; the flower fragrance is as follows: no, strong, light and moderate fragrance; the flower color is divided into: dark and light color, poor color, medium color and bright color; the color of the leaf is divided into: light, light green, greener, green, dark green; growth potential: weak, weaker, general, stronger, and stronger.
TABLE 4
The growth of all the potted roses treated with fertilizer (fresh weight, root weight, number of branches, full-bloom stage, number of buds and number of petals) was higher than that of the potted roses not treated with fertilizer (comparative example 1). The growth condition of the culture medium in the full growth period of the potted rose is higher than that of a commercially available organic fertilizer, and the formula provided by the embodiment 3 is more favorable for the growth, root development, bud emergence and flowering of the potted rose. The culture medium can provide nutrient substances required by the growth of the potted flowers for a long time, promote the growth and the flowering of the potted flowers and improve the ornamental value of the potted flowers.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A horticultural potted floral culture medium comprising: 40-60 parts of kitchen waste and 20-30 parts of garden waste, and 20-30 parts of fly ash and kaolin, 8-10 parts of vermiculite, 7-10 parts of perlite, 0-5 parts of ceramsite and 2-5 parts of synergist which are added into 30-40 parts of organic fermentation product.
2. A horticultural, potted flower culture medium as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by: the kitchen garbage is pretreated by removing impurities, removing oil, removing salt, dehydrating and crushing, and then has the water content of 60-65% and the particle size of less than 2 cm.
3. A horticultural pot-flower culture medium in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the garden waste comprises broken grass after fallen leaves, branches and lawns are trimmed, and the particle size of the garden waste is not more than 3mm after the garden waste is dried and broken.
4. A horticultural pot-flower culture medium in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the fly ash is solid waste of a power plant, and the particle size of the pulverized fly ash is less than 3mm after being ground.
5. A horticultural pot-flower culture medium in accordance with claim 1, wherein: after the vermiculite, the perlite and the ceramsite are ground and crushed, the particle size of the vermiculite is 2-3mm, the particle size of the perlite is 3-5mm, and the particle size of the ceramsite is 1-3 mm.
6. A horticultural pot-flower culture medium in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the synergist consists of rooting powder and a bacteriostatic agent, and the mass ratio of the rooting powder to the bacteriostatic agent is 1-3: 1-2.
7. A method of making a horticultural pot-cultivated floral culture medium as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the pretreated kitchen garbage and garden waste are mixed according to the mass ratio: 40-60 parts of kitchen waste and 20-30 parts of garden waste are well mixed, the C/N ratio is adjusted to be 20-30, and the water content is adjusted to be 60-65%;
step two: adding 0.5-1.0 wt% of high temperature zymocyte to carry out aerobic fermentation;
step three: when the fermentation temperature reaches above 60 ℃, turning the pile, repeating for 3-5 times, and when the temperature is reduced to room temperature, composting to obtain organic fermentation product;
step four: and (3) taking 30-40 parts of the organic fermentation product prepared in the third step, adding 20-30 parts of a mixture of fly ash and kaolin, 8-10 parts of vermiculite, 7-10 parts of perlite, 0-5 parts of ceramsite and 2-5 parts of synergist, uniformly mixing, and standing and composting for 3-7 days to prepare the horticultural pot flower culture medium.
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