CN114617272A

CN114617272A - Shelling equipment for processing Chinese chestnuts and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114617272A
Application number: CN202210317396.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Nanjing Yaogu E Commerce Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2022-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-29
Also published as: CN114617272B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of Chinese chestnut processing, and particularly discloses shelling equipment for Chinese chestnut processing and a using method thereof, wherein the shelling equipment for Chinese chestnut processing comprises a support, the support is horizontally arranged, a conveying belt mechanism, an extrusion mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a sorting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the support, the conveying belt mechanism is a climbing conveying belt, and the using method of the shelling equipment comprises the following steps of S1: preprocessing Chinese chestnuts: freezing raw chestnut to be processed for 2.0-2.5h to obtain frozen chestnut for later use. According to the invention, the chestnuts are frozen and then shelled, so that the shells and the fruit coats can be effectively removed, the shells are opened by the two pressing rollers, the shells and the fruits are separated, then hot saline water is poured into the shells, so that the residual fruit coats on the surfaces of the shells are removed, the shells and the fruit coats are washed out, the chestnuts with different particle sizes are sorted by the sorting mechanism, the subsequent processing and use are convenient, the efficiency is high, the fruits are complete, and the removal rate of the fruit coats and the shells is high.

Description

Shelling equipment for processing Chinese chestnuts and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of Chinese chestnut processing, in particular to shelling equipment for Chinese chestnut processing and a using method thereof.

Background

Chestnut is a general name of arbor or shrub in chestnut of Fagaceae (Fagaceae), and there are about 7-9 kinds. China generally includes 2 types: wild chestnut and hybrid modified chestnut. The improved variety after cross culture is generally planted in China, and is widely planted in China due to large size, sweet taste and strong disease resistance.

A lot of current chinese chestnut processing diffraction products need to go on shelling, go the fruit coat to the chinese chestnut, and traditional chinese chestnut processing is through hot processing after, makes the separation between chinese chestnut and shell, the fruit coat, gets rid of behind the shell conquassation, and the clearance is low, and a lot of fruit coats can not get rid of well moreover, causes follow-up man-hour, influences the product quality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides shelling equipment for processing Chinese chestnuts and a using method thereof, and solves the technical problem that the shells and the coats of the Chinese chestnuts cannot be completely removed in the related technology.

According to one aspect of the invention, the shelling equipment for processing the Chinese chestnuts comprises a support, wherein the support is horizontally arranged, a conveying belt mechanism, an extrusion mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a sorting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the support, the conveying belt mechanism is a climbing conveying belt, and the conveying belt mechanism conveys the frozen Chinese chestnuts upwards for processing;

the extrusion mechanism is positioned at the end part of the conveying belt mechanism, the rolling mechanism is arranged between the sorting mechanism and the extrusion mechanism, a blanking mechanism is arranged below the sorting mechanism, and a spraying mechanism is arranged above the sorting mechanism;

the squeezing mechanism is horizontally arranged and used for kneading and breaking the shells of the frozen chestnuts;

the rolling mechanism is vertically arranged and used for separating the fruits and the shells of the Chinese chestnuts after the shells are broken;

the orientation of the sorting mechanism is consistent with the length direction of the support, and the sorting mechanism is used for separating the fruits and the shells of the Chinese chestnuts and sorting the Chinese chestnuts according to sizes;

the spraying direction of the spraying mechanism is vertical to the length direction of the bracket, and the spraying mechanism is used for carrying out secondary separation on the fruit and the fruit peel on the fruit and washing the shell and the fruit peel to the lower part of the blanking mechanism;

unloading mechanism includes casing separation portion and ejection of compact portion, and casing separation portion and ejection of compact portion an organic whole are bucket column structure, and casing separation portion is used for the separation of fruit and casing, and ejection of compact portion is used for the ejection of compact of fruit.

Further: the squeezing mechanism comprises an upper washboard and a lower washboard, an included angle of 0-15 degrees is formed between the upper washboard and the lower washboard, a hydraulic rod is installed at the top of the upper washboard and drives the upper washboard to move back and forth along the length direction of the support, a cam arm body is arranged on the bottom side of the lower washboard and drives the lower washboard to be attached to the lower surface of the lower washboard in a back and forth mode, and the frozen Chinese chestnuts are located between the inner walls of the opposite sides of the upper washboard and the lower washboard.

Further: concave platforms are distributed on the lower surface matrix of the upper washboard, the concave platforms are of cylindrical structures, and grooves facing one side of the upper washboard are formed in the middle of the concave platforms.

Further: the upper surface matrix of lower washboard distributes has the reducing slot, and the tank bottom of reducing slot runs through the lower surface of lower washboard, the groove cross-section of reducing slot is right trapezoid structure, and the groove width of reducing slot is steadilyd decrease along one side towards sorting mechanism.

Further: the rolling mechanism comprises two pressing rollers and a different-direction transmission unit, the different-direction transmission unit is installed at the end parts of the two pressing rollers and used for driving the two pressing rollers to roll in opposite directions, and a gap between the two pressing rollers and the surface of the lower washboard are located on the same horizontal plane.

Further: the anisotropic transmission unit includes, but is not limited to, two meshed gears, wherein one gear is connected with the power end.

Further: the spraying mechanism comprises an electric heating spraying disc, a water tank and a water pump, the water pump is installed on the outer wall of the support, the water tank is installed on the bottom side of the support, the water pump is connected with the water tank and the electric heating spraying disc through a pipeline, the electric heating spraying disc is located above the sorting mechanism and sprays hot salt water from top to bottom, and the hot salt water can separate fruits and coats on the frozen Chinese chestnut fruits.

Further: sorting mechanism includes separation cage and rotating turret, and the rotating turret is pegged graft in the inside of separation cage perpendicularly, and the rotating turret rolls on the inner wall of separation cage, the separation cage is equipped with the separation frame of the grow gradually of slot width along conveyer belt mechanism's direction of delivery.

Further: the blanking mechanism is provided with a plurality of blanking hoppers which are distributed in parallel, and the positions of the blanking hoppers correspond to the sorting frames.

A method for using shelling equipment for processing Chinese chestnut comprises the following steps:

s1: preprocessing Chinese chestnuts: freezing raw chestnut to be processed for 2.0-2.5h to obtain frozen chestnut for later use;

s2: chinese chestnut feeding: pouring the frozen chestnuts onto a conveyor belt body at the lower end of a conveyor belt mechanism, and driving the chestnuts to ascend upwards in a row shape by support strips on the conveyor belt body and inputting the chestnuts into an extrusion mechanism;

s3: and (3) breaking the shell: the chestnuts distributed in a row shape enter the lower washboard, the lower washboard is driven by the cam arm body to be upwards supported and move forwards, meanwhile, the upper washboard moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic rod, so that the frozen chestnuts roll and are extruded between the two washboards, the concave table on the upper washboard can clamp the upper surface of the chestnuts, the reducing rolling grooves of the lower washboards clamp the lower surface of the chestnuts, the two washboards move relatively to drive the chestnuts to roll and extrude along the reducing rolling grooves, so that cracks are generated on the shell, and the chestnuts are rolled and extruded on at least two sides during reciprocating movement of the lower washboard, so that the cracks are generated between the chestnuts and the shell, and the connection relationship between the fruits and the shell is unstable and is easy to separate when the cracks are generated by extrusion;

s4: fruit and shell separation: the Chinese chestnuts processed by the operation of S3 enter two oppositely arranged press rolls, the outer walls of the press rolls are provided with rubber roll furs, the roll furs oppositely rotate to drive the unstable connection relationship between the Chinese chestnuts and the shells to be in a separation state, and then the Chinese chestnuts are thrown into a sorting mechanism;

s5: separating fruit peels from fruits: pumping out saline water from a water tank, heating the saline water through an electric heating spraying disc, and freely spraying from top to bottom, wherein the hot saline water encounters the shelled and frozen Chinese chestnuts, so that fruit coats attached to the surfaces of the Chinese chestnuts are curled and separated from the fruits, and the fruits are guaranteed to be complete and clean;

s6: fruit sorting and discharging: the peeled fruits roll out through different gaps in the sorting cage and are output through a blanking part on a blanking mechanism, and the shells and the peels are driven by hot salt water to be flushed into a water tank.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the shelling device can effectively remove the connection relation between the shell and the fruit coat and the fruit by freezing the Chinese chestnuts firstly and then shelling the Chinese chestnuts, the shell and the fruit coat are separated by the two pressing rollers and are sprayed with hot salt water, the residual fruit coat on the surface is removed, the fruit shell and the fruit coat in the separation cage are washed out simultaneously, the Chinese chestnuts with different particles are separated by the separation mechanism, the subsequent processing and use are convenient, the efficiency is high, the fruits are complete, and the removal rate of the fruit coat and the shell is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shelling device for processing Chinese chestnut and a using method thereof;

FIG. 2 is a side view schematic of the structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the partial bottom structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a washboard structure of the extruding mechanism in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a flow chart of the shelling equipment for chestnut processing and the using method thereof.

In the figure: 100. a support; 200. a conveyor belt mechanism; 210. a first motor; 220. a conveyor belt body; 230. supporting the strip; 300. an extrusion mechanism; 310. an upper washboard; 311. a connecting seat; 312. a concave platform; 320. a hydraulic lever; 330. a second motor; 340. a lower washboard; 341. reducing rolling grooves; 350. a cam arm body; 400. a rolling mechanism; 410. a third motor; 420. a compression roller; 430. a counter drive unit; 500. a sorting mechanism; 510. a sorting cage; 520. a rotating frame; 530. a fourth motor; 540. cleaning the window; 600. a spraying mechanism; 610. electrically heating the shower tray; 620. a water tank; 630. a water pump; 640. a shield; 700. and a blanking mechanism.

Detailed Description

The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thereby implement the subject matter described herein, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components as needed. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the present embodiment, a shelling device for chestnut processing is provided, including a support 100, the support 100 is horizontally disposed, and a conveying belt mechanism 200, an extruding mechanism 300, a rolling mechanism 400 and a sorting mechanism 500 are sequentially installed on the support 100, the conveying belt mechanism 200 is a climbing conveying belt, the conveying belt mechanism 200 conveys frozen chestnuts upward for processing, the extruding mechanism 300 is located at an end portion of the conveying belt mechanism 200, the rolling mechanism 400 is located between the sorting mechanism 500 and the extruding mechanism 300, a blanking mechanism 700 is arranged below the sorting mechanism 500, and a spraying mechanism 600 is arranged above the sorting mechanism 500.

Wherein the extruding mechanism 300 is horizontally arranged, the extruding mechanism 300 is used for kneading and cracking frozen chestnuts, the extruding mechanism 300 comprises an upper washboard 310 and a lower washboard 340, an included angle of 0-15 degrees is formed between the upper washboard 310 and the lower washboard 340, a hydraulic rod 320 is installed at the top of the upper washboard 310, the hydraulic rod 320 drives the upper washboard 310 to reciprocate along the length direction of the bracket 100, a cam arm body 350 is arranged at the bottom side of the lower washboard 340, the cam arm body 350 drives the lower washboard 340 to be attached to the lower surface of the lower washboard 340 in a reciprocating manner, the frozen chestnuts are positioned between the inner walls of the upper washboard 310 and the lower washboard 340 at the opposite sides, concave platforms 312 are distributed on the lower surface matrix of the upper washboard 310, the concave platforms 312 are of a cylindrical structure, a groove facing one side of the upper washboard 310 is arranged in the middle of the concave platforms 312, variable-diameter rolling grooves 341 are distributed on the upper surface matrix of the lower washboard 340, and the bottom of the variable-diameter rolling grooves 341 penetrate through the lower surface of the lower washboard 340, the groove section of the reducing roller groove 341 is a right trapezoid structure, and the groove width of the reducing roller groove 341 decreases gradually along one side toward the sorting mechanism 500.

The roller pressing mechanism 400 is vertically arranged, the roller pressing mechanism 400 is used for separating the shell from the fruit of the Chinese chestnut after the shell is broken, the roller pressing mechanism 400 comprises two pressing rollers 420 and a counter transmission unit 430, the counter transmission unit 430 is installed at the end parts of the two pressing rollers 420, the counter transmission unit 430 is used for driving the two pressing rollers 420 to roll oppositely, a gap between the two pressing rollers 420 and the plate surface of the lower washboard 340 are located on the same horizontal plane, the counter transmission unit 430 comprises but is not limited to two meshed gears, and one of the gears is connected with a power end.

Wherein, sorting mechanism 500's orientation is unanimous with the length direction of support 100, and sorting mechanism 500 is used for fruit, the casing separation of chinese chestnut to carry out size to the chinese chestnut and select separately, and sorting mechanism 500 includes sorting cage 510 and rotating turret 520, and rotating turret 520 pegs graft perpendicularly in the inside of sorting cage 510, and rotating turret 520 rolls on the inner wall of sorting cage 510, is equipped with the sorting frame that the slot width grow gradually on the direction of delivery of sorting cage 510 along conveyer belt mechanism 200.

Wherein, the spray direction of mechanism 600 sprays is perpendicular to the length direction of support 100, and spray mechanism 600 is used for carrying out the secondary separation to the fruit clothing on the fruit, and wash casing and fruit clothing to the below of unloading mechanism 700, spray mechanism 600 includes electric heating shower tray 610, water tank 620 and water pump 630, water pump 630 installs on the outer wall of support 100, water tank 620 installs in the bottom side of support 100, water pump 630 passes through pipe connection water tank 620 and electric heating shower tray 610, electric heating shower tray 610 is located the top of sorting mechanism 500, and electric heating shower tray 610 sprays hot salt solution from top to bottom, hot salt solution can make the fruit clothing on the frozen chinese chestnut fruit separate.

Wherein, unloading mechanism 700 includes casing separation portion and ejection of compact portion, and casing separation portion and ejection of compact portion an organic whole are hopper-shaped structure, and casing separation portion is used for the separation of fruit and casing, and ejection of compact portion is used for the ejection of compact of fruit, and unloading mechanism 700 is equipped with a plurality of parallel distribution's lower hopper, and the position correspondence of lower hopper selects separately the frame setting.

As shown in fig. 6, the method for using the shelling device for processing chestnuts comprises the following steps:

s2: chinese chestnut feeding: pouring the frozen chestnuts onto a conveyor belt body 220 at the lower end of the conveyor belt mechanism 200, and driving the chestnuts to ascend upwards in a row shape by support bars 230 on the conveyor belt body 220 and inputting the chestnuts into the extruding mechanism 300;

s3: and (3) breaking the shell: the chestnuts distributed in a row shape enter the lower rubbing plate 340, the lower rubbing plate 340 is driven by the cam arm body 350 to lift upwards and move forwards, meanwhile, the upper rubbing plate 310 moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic rod 320, so that the frozen chestnuts roll and are squeezed between the two rubbing plates, the concave table 312 on the upper rubbing plate 310 can clamp the upper surfaces of the chestnuts, the reducing rolling grooves 341 of the lower rubbing plate 340 clamp the lower surfaces of the chestnuts, the two rubbing plates move relatively to drive the chestnuts to roll and squeeze along the reducing rolling grooves 341, so that cracks are generated in the shell, the chestnuts are rolled and squeezed on at least two sides during reciprocating movement of the lower rubbing plate 340, so that the cracks are generated between the fruits and the shell, and the connection relationship between the fruits and the shell is unstable and is easy to separate when the cracks are generated by squeezing;

s4: fruit and shell separation: the chestnuts processed by the operation of the S3 enter two oppositely arranged compression rollers 420, rubber roller furs are arranged on the outer walls of the compression rollers 420, the roller furs rotate oppositely to drive the unstable connection relationship between the chestnuts and the shells to be in a separation state, and then the chestnuts are thrown into the sorting mechanism 500;

s5: separating fruit peels from fruits: pumping out saline water from a water tank 620, heating the saline water through an electric heating spraying disc 610, and freely spraying the saline water from top to bottom, wherein the hot saline water meets the shelled and frozen Chinese chestnut, so that the fruit coat attached to the surface of the Chinese chestnut is curled and separated from the fruit, and the fruit is ensured to be complete and clean;

s6: fruit sorting and discharging: the peeled fruits roll out through different gaps in the sorting cage 510 and are output through a discharging part on the discharging mechanism 700, and the shells and the peels are driven by hot salt water to be flushed into the water tank 620.

It should be added that, in the step of feeding the chestnuts in S2, the conveying belt mechanism 200 drives the frozen chestnuts to climb upward, the conveying belt mechanism 200 includes conveying rollers, a conveying belt body 220, a first motor 210 and supporting strips 230, the conveying rollers are installed in the support 100 and arranged along the ascending direction of the conveying belts, the conveying belt body 220 is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying rollers, the conveying rollers drive the conveying belt body 220 to transmit, the first motor 210 is connected with one of the conveying rollers, the roller end of the conveying rollers can be provided with conveying gears and chains, the conveying belt body 220 is driven to transmit through a gear-chain transmission structure, the supporting strips 230 are arranged on the outer wall of the conveying belt body 220, the supporting strips 230 are arranged perpendicular to the surface of the belt body, the width of the supporting strips 230 is 3-5cm, and the supporting strips 230 are made of hard rubber;

it should be added that in the step of cracking the shell in S3, one end of the non-piston rod of the hydraulic rod 320 connected to the upper washboard 310 is connected to the bracket 100, and the connecting seat 311 is disposed at the connecting position between the upper washboard 310 and the hydraulic rod 320, the angle between the upper washboard 310 and the horizontal plane is 0 ° -15 °, the cam arm 350 connected to the lower washboard 340 is mounted on the output shaft of the second motor 330, the second motor 330 is mounted inside the bracket 100, the second motor 330 drives the cam arm 350 to swing along the output shaft, and further drives the lower washboard 340 to perform a cycle of lifting forward and downward pulling, so as to drive the upper washboard 310 on which the chestnut is continuously squeezed and moved forward and backward, when the upper and lower washboards 340 are in relative motion, when they are in parallel, the chestnut is rolled between the reducing rolling groove 341 and the concave table 312, so that the shell surface is cracked, and when being frozen, the water inside the fruit is crystallized and dehydrated, the hull and the fruit are separated, the pericarp can also be separated along with the hull, but partial pericarp can not be completely separated, and subsequent treatment is required;

it should be added that in the step of separating the fruit from the shell in S4, the ends of the two rollers 420 are driven by the anisotropic transmission unit 430 to roll in opposite directions to drive the roller hairs thereon to squeeze inward, so that the chestnuts with broken shells are forced to open towards both sides between the two roller hairs, the roller hairs are in a J-shaped structure, the ends of the roller hairs are provided with protrusions, the power source of the anisotropic transmission unit 430 is from the third motor 410, the third motor 410 is installed inside the bracket 100, the output shaft of the third motor 410 is connected with one of the gears, and the two engaged gears drive the two rollers 420 to rotate and separate the fruit from the shell;

it should be added that in the step of separating the pericarp and the fruit in S5, in order to deal with the situation that the pericarp and the fruit are not completely separated in S3, an electric heating component is arranged in the electric heating spraying tray 610, the electric heating component includes but is not limited to an electric heating pipe, an electric heating wire or an electric heating rod, and the like, and the spraying mechanism 600 further includes a shield 640, a supporting cover is arranged on one side of the shield 640 close to the water pump 630, and a transparent cover is arranged on one side close to the blanking mechanism 700, so as to facilitate observation of the situation in the sorting mechanism 500;

it should be added that in the step of sorting the fruits in S6, a group of parallel roller bodies are arranged below the sorting cage 510 in the feeding hopper of the feeding mechanism 700, the size of the roller bodies is smaller than that of the particles of the Chinese chestnut fruits, and the fruit shells can be conveniently leaked out by the roller bodies;

meanwhile, one end of the rotating frame 520 is provided with a fourth motor 530, the fourth motor 530 drives the rotating frame 520 to rotate along a shaft, the periphery of the rotating frame 520 is provided with a plurality of collision blocks and scraping blades, the collision blocks are used for further separating fruits and shells, and the scraping blades are used for scraping peels attached to the sorting cage 510;

meanwhile, a cleaning window 540 is arranged at the end part of the sorting cage 510, and the cleaning window 540 is used for cleaning the cage body;

select separately the frame simultaneously and include frame and frame body pole, frame body pole equidistance annular distribution between the frame, parallel arrangement between the frame body pole, the frame body pole body clearance of selecting separately the frame increases in proper order by input to output, and the fruit of the different granule sizes of being convenient for is sorted out, leaks the non-roller body portion to hopper down.

It should be added that the fruit shells and the fruit peels leak into the water tank 620 at the bottom side, and the receiving end of the water tank 620 is provided with a filter screen, so that the fruit shells and the fruit peels can be filtered on the filter screen and can not flow into the water tank 620, and the fruit shells and the fruit peels need to be regularly and intensively treated to avoid blockage.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The shelling equipment for processing the Chinese chestnuts comprises a support (100), wherein the support (100) is horizontally arranged, a conveying belt mechanism (200), an extrusion mechanism (300), a rolling mechanism (400) and a sorting mechanism (500) are sequentially arranged on the support (100), the conveying belt mechanism (200) is a climbing conveying belt, and the conveying belt mechanism (200) conveys the frozen Chinese chestnuts upwards for processing;

the extrusion mechanism (300) is positioned at the end part of the conveying belt mechanism (200), the rolling mechanism (400) is arranged between the sorting mechanism (500) and the extrusion mechanism (300), a blanking mechanism (700) is arranged below the sorting mechanism (500), and a spraying mechanism (600) is arranged above the sorting mechanism (500);

the squeezing mechanism (300) is horizontally arranged, and the squeezing mechanism (300) is used for kneading and breaking shells of the frozen chestnuts;

the rolling mechanism (400) is vertically arranged, and the rolling mechanism (400) is used for separating the shell from the fruit of the Chinese chestnut after the shell is broken;

the orientation of the sorting mechanism (500) is consistent with the length direction of the support (100), and the sorting mechanism (500) is used for separating the fruits and the shells of the Chinese chestnuts and sorting the Chinese chestnuts according to the size;

the spraying direction of the spraying mechanism (600) is vertical to the length direction of the support (100), and the spraying mechanism (600) is used for carrying out secondary separation on the fruit and the fruit peel on the fruit and washing the shell and the fruit peel to the lower part of the blanking mechanism (700);

the blanking mechanism (700) comprises a shell separating part and a discharging part, the shell separating part and the discharging part are integrally of a bucket-shaped structure, the shell separating part is used for separating fruits from the shell, and the discharging part is used for discharging the fruits.

2. The shelling apparatus for chestnut processing according to claim 1, wherein the squeezing mechanism (300) comprises an upper washboard (310) and a lower washboard (340), an included angle of 0-15 ° is formed between the upper washboard (310) and the lower washboard (340), a hydraulic rod (320) is installed at the top of the upper washboard (310), the hydraulic rod (320) drives the upper washboard (310) to reciprocate along the length direction of the rack (100), a cam arm body (350) is arranged at the bottom side of the lower washboard (340), the cam arm body (350) drives the lower washboard (340) to reciprocate to be attached to the lower surface of the lower washboard (340), and the frozen chestnuts are located between the inner walls of the opposite sides of the upper washboard (310) and the lower washboard (340).

3. A shelling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said upper washboard (310) has a plurality of concave platforms (312) disposed in a matrix arrangement on a lower surface thereof, the concave platforms (312) are cylindrical, and a central portion of the concave platforms (312) is provided with a groove facing a side of the upper washboard (310).

4. The shelling apparatus for chestnut processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the lower washboard (340) is distributed with variable diameter rolling grooves (341) in a matrix, the bottom of the variable diameter rolling grooves (341) penetrates through the lower surface of the lower washboard (340), the cross section of the variable diameter rolling grooves (341) is in a right trapezoid structure, and the width of the variable diameter rolling grooves (341) decreases progressively along one side facing the sorting mechanism (500).

5. A hulling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rolling mechanism (400) comprises two rollers (420) and a counter drive unit (430), the counter drive unit (430) is mounted at the ends of the two rollers (420), the counter drive unit (430) is used to drive the two rollers (420) to roll towards each other, and the gap between the two rollers (420) and the surface of the lower washboard (340) are located on the same horizontal plane.

6. A chestnut shelling apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said counter drive unit (430) includes but is not limited to two meshing gears, one of which is connected to the power end.

7. A shelling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said spray mechanism (600) comprises an electrically heated spray tray (610), a water tank (620) and a water pump (630), the water pump (630) is mounted on an outer wall of the support (100), the water tank (620) is mounted on a bottom side of the support (100), the water pump (630) is connected to the water tank (620) and the electrically heated spray tray (610) through a pipe, the electrically heated spray tray (610) is located above the sorting mechanism (500), and the electrically heated spray tray (610) sprays hot brine from top to bottom, the hot brine can separate the peel of the frozen chestnut fruit.

8. A shelling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sorting mechanism (500) comprises a sorting cage (510) and a turret (520), the turret (520) is vertically inserted into the sorting cage (510), and the turret (520) rolls on the inner wall of the sorting cage (510), and the sorting cage (510) is provided with a sorting frame having a gradually increasing channel width along the conveying direction of the conveyor (200).

9. A shelling facility for chestnut processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein said blanking unit (700) is provided with a plurality of parallel discharge hoppers positioned relative to said sorting frame.

10. A method of using a shelling apparatus for processing chestnuts as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein said shelling apparatus for processing chestnuts is used comprising the steps of:

s2: chinese chestnut feeding: pouring the frozen chestnuts onto a conveyor belt body (220) at the lower end of a conveyor belt mechanism (200), driving the chestnuts to ascend upwards in a row shape by support bars (230) on the conveyor belt body (220), and inputting the chestnuts into an extrusion mechanism (300);

s3: and (3) breaking the shell: the chestnuts distributed in a row shape enter the lower rubbing plate (340), the lower rubbing plate (340) is driven by the cam arm body (350) to be lifted upwards and move forwards, meanwhile, the upper rubbing plate (310) moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic rod (320) at the moment, so that the frozen chestnuts roll and are squeezed between the two rubbing plates, the concave table (312) on the upper rubbing plate (310) can clamp the upper surfaces of the chestnuts, the reducing rolling grooves (341) of the lower rubbing plate (340) clamp the lower surfaces of the chestnuts, the two rubbing plates move relatively to drive the chestnuts to roll and squeeze along the reducing rolling grooves (341), so that cracks are generated on the shell, the chestnuts are rolled and squeezed on at least two sides in the reciprocating movement of the lower rubbing plate (340), so that cracks are generated between the fruits and the shell, and the connection relationship between the fruits and the shell is unstable when the cracks are generated by squeezing because the fruits and the shell are separated during freezing, is easy to be separated;

s4: fruit and shell separation: the chestnuts processed by the operation of S3 enter two oppositely arranged press rollers (420), rubber roller hair is arranged on the outer wall of each press roller (420), the roller hair rotates oppositely to drive the unstable connection relation between the chestnuts and the shells to be in a separation state, and then the chestnuts are thrown into a sorting mechanism (500);

s5: separating fruit peels from fruits: pumping out saline water from a water tank (620), heating the saline water through an electric heating spraying disc (610), and freely spraying from top to bottom, wherein the hot saline water meets the shelled and frozen Chinese chestnut, so that fruit skins attached to the surface of the Chinese chestnut are curled and separated from the fruits, and the fruits are guaranteed to be complete and clean;

s6: fruit sorting and discharging: the peeled fruits roll out through different gaps in the sorting cage (510), and then are output through a blanking part on the blanking mechanism (700), and the shells and the peels are driven by hot salt water to be flushed into a water tank (620).