CN217161013U - Production equipment for peeling and peeling capsule-removing of citrus fruits by enzyme method - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a production device for peeling and peeling capsule-removing of citrus fruits by an enzyme method, which comprises a raw material pretreatment device, an oil grinding machine, a peeling machine and an enzymolysis device which are arranged in sequence according to a production process; the production process of orange fruits by enzyme method for peeling and peeling off the capsule coat comprises the following steps: s1, pretreating orange raw materials; s2, grinding the oranges into oil by an oil grinding machine; s3, subjecting the fruit balls to enzymolysis by an enzymolysis device to remove capsule coats, filtering and recovering enzymolysis liquid after enzymolysis, and reassembling for repeated use; 4. peeling the orange subjected to enzymolysis by a peeling machine to obtain naked fruit balls; the utility model discloses a citrus fruit enzymatic method is peeled off and is taken off capsule clothing production technology and equipment, degree of automation is high, can reduce the cost of labor in a large number, reduces the water consumption, does not use acid-base, improves machining efficiency and product quality, is the best choice of citrus fruit peeling off and takes off capsule clothing processing.

Description

Production equipment for peeling and peeling capsule-removing of citrus fruits by enzyme method

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fruit processing, in particular to production facility of preparation citrus juice cyst is peeld to full fruit of enzyme process and is taken off capsule clothing.

Background

In recent years, citrus juice cells or fruit particles are often added into new fruit juice beverages, so that the sense of reality and chewing of the fruit juice raw materials can be increased, and the content of dietary fibers in the beverages can also be increased. The traditional method for preparing the citrus juice sacs adopts manual blanching peeling and acid-base flow groove capsule removal, consumes a large amount of manual work and processing water, and is easy to cause environmental pollution. Although the research related to the orange enzymatic peeling and de-capsulizing technology is reported, most of the research only stays in the laboratory research stage, and the research is hardly really applied to fruit and vegetable processing enterprises. The biggest restriction factor for promoting the enzymatic peeling and capsulizing technology lies in higher cost. The application cost of the technology comprises enzyme preparation, processing time, processing equipment and the like, wherein the largest cost is more expensive in the enzyme preparation. In order to reduce the use cost of the enzyme solution, the recovery and the reutilization of the enzyme solution are one of effective ways for reducing the use amount of the enzyme preparation. Therefore, the utility model discloses a method of adding reaches assurance enzymolysis efficiency through quantitative determination enzyme activity loss and ration, used repeatedly enzyme preparation's purpose to the maximize degree utilizes enzyme liquid, reduces use cost, improves production benefit and resource utilization, reduces the application cost and the popularization degree of difficulty of this technique.

At present, most citrus processing and fruit juice production enterprises mostly adopt the traditional blanching peeling and acid-base cyst-removing processes in the process of producing fruit balls and fruit cells. Such a method not only causes environmental pollution, but also consumes a large amount of water, and the blanching of the skin-removing ring can adversely affect the physicochemical properties of the juice cells. The research team successfully develops and applies the enzyme method whole fruit peeling and enzyme method capsule coat removing technology to the processing of citrus fruits such as sweet oranges, grapefruits, lemons and the like. Therefore, the whole fruit peeling and capsule coat removing technology of the citrus by the enzyme method becomes an ideal alternative method and a research hotspot due to the green and environment-friendly property.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is not enough to exist among the prior art, provide a reduce cost, improve production efficiency, environment-friendly, green's citrus fruit enzymatic method is peeled off and is taken off capsule clothing production technology and equipment

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

a production process for peeling and peeling a capsule coat of a citrus fruit by an enzyme method comprises the following steps:

s1, pretreating orange raw materials;

s2, grinding the oranges into oil by an oil grinding machine;

s3, enzymatically removing the capsule coat from the oil-ground fruit balls by an enzymolysis device, filtering and recovering the enzymatic hydrolysate after enzymolysis, and reassembling for repeated use;

s4, peeling the citrus after peeling off the capsule by a peeling machine to obtain complete peeled fruit balls;

the initial conditions of enzymolysis in step S3 are: solid-liquid ratio: 1:1.8, first enzyme addition: 0.5-1.5% of the total mass of the liquid, temperature: 45. + -. 2 ℃ pH: 3.5-4.0, vacuum degree: -74 ± 2kPa, single elapsed time: 30-40 min; the enzymolysis reaction comprises the following steps:

1) soaking the pre-heated and oil-milled fruit balls in the enzymolysis solution for 2-4 min;

2) soaking the preheated fruit balls in the enzymolysis device, and repeatedly cycling for at least 2 times for 10-20min by increasing pressure for 1-2min, stabilizing pressure for 2-4min, reducing pressure for 1-2min, and maintaining normal pressure for 1-2min to obtain capsule coat; obtaining an enzymolysis solution after enzymolysis, and repeatedly using enzyme supplement: and (3) enzyme liquid supplementation is carried out by residual enzyme activity detection for 2-6 times, wherein the supplementation amount is 0.5-0.4% of the total mass of the liquid generally.

Wherein the initial condition of the enzymolysis in the step S3 is that the first enzyme adding amount can be properly adjusted according to the factors of the raw material types, the fruit maturity and the like. The supplementary amount of the 2 nd to 6 th enzyme in the step 2) of the enzymolysis reaction can be properly adjusted according to factors such as the types of raw materials, the ripeness of fruits and the like. Wherein the evacuation step can be gone on according to concrete actual conditions, because different fruits have different gaps in the cortex inside, wherein the air quantity is also different, so can be according to actual conditions evacuation many times, make the air in the cortex taken out, the hole is filled by the enzyme liquid simultaneously to form better enzymolysis effect.

The utility model discloses still relate to the application of the production technology of a citrus fruit enzymatic method peeling and capsulizing in preparing the juice cyst, the fruit ball after step S4 capsulizing is selected, allocated, sterilized and filled and made the juice cyst after cold-stored through dispersion, edulcoration.

The utility model discloses still relate to the application of the production technology of a citrus fruit enzymatic method peeling and peeling capsule in preparation of molasses, the peel or enzymolysis liquid after step S4 peeling capsule is prepared into molasses through secondary enzymolysis, filtration and concentration.

The utility model discloses still relate to the application of the production technology of a citrus fruit enzyme method peeling and peeling cyst membrane in preparing dietary fiber or fodder, the peel after step S4 peeling cyst membrane is prepared into dietary fiber or fodder after secondary enzymolysis, filtration and dry crushing.

The utility model also relates to a production device for peeling and peeling the capsule coat of the citrus fruits by the enzyme method, which comprises a raw material pretreatment device, an oil grinding machine, an enzymolysis device and a peeling machine which are sequentially arranged according to the production process of peeling and peeling the capsule coat of the citrus fruits by the enzyme method;

the oil grinding machine comprises a rack, a protective cover arranged on the rack, a propelling structure, a pricking structure and a spraying structure;

the propelling structure comprises a propelling motor arranged at one end of the rack and a spiral propeller arranged on the rack, and the spiral propeller comprises a spiral shaft and a spiral sheet arranged on the spiral shaft;

the thorn skin structure comprises a plurality of rollers, a plurality of double-row chain wheels and a driving motor, wherein the double-row chain wheels are respectively arranged at one ends of the rollers, the driving motor drives the rollers to rotate, and burrs are uniformly arranged on the outer surfaces of the rollers; the spraying structure comprises a water inlet pipeline and a plurality of spraying heads arranged on the water inlet pipeline; the rollers are uniformly arranged in the protective cover in an arc shape to form arc-shaped grooves, two ends of each roller are respectively arranged on the rack, the openings of the arc-shaped grooves are upward, the double-row chain wheels at one end of each roller are arranged on the same side of the rack, and the double-row chain wheels are matched with each other through chains and driven to rotate through a driving motor so as to drive the rollers to rotate in the same direction; the arc-shaped groove is formed by mutually staggering a plurality of rollers with circular and oval cross sections, and burrs on the adjacent circular rollers and oval rollers are arranged in a staggered manner when the adjacent circular rollers and oval rollers rotate; the spiral propeller is axially arranged in the arc-shaped groove along the roller, two ends of the spiral shaft are arranged on the rack, and one end of the spiral shaft is driven to rotate by the propeller motor;

the plurality of spray headers are uniformly arranged above the spiral propeller; the fruit peeling machine is characterized in that openings at two ends of the arc-shaped groove are respectively provided with an oil grinding machine feeding port and an oil grinding machine discharging port, a slag discharging groove is arranged below the plurality of rollers, fruits enter the arc-shaped groove through the oil grinding machine feeding port, the fruits puncture or pierce the citrus peel under the action of the rotation of the rollers and the burr, the fruit leather essential oil or the fruit peel is flushed to the slag discharging groove through the spray header, and the fruits are pushed to the oil grinding machine discharging port under the action of the spiral propeller;

the enzymolysis device comprises an enzymolysis platform, an enzymolysis tank arranged on the enzymolysis platform and a blanking buffer hopper arranged below a discharge port of the enzymolysis tank; the enzymolysis tank comprises a tank body, an upper end enclosure arranged at the upper end of the tank body, a lower movable cover arranged at the lower end of the tank body, a locking component for locking the lower movable cover and a stirring component arranged on the upper end enclosure; the stirring assembly comprises a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, a stirring blade arranged on the stirring shaft and a coupling structure for connecting an output shaft of the stirring motor and the stirring shaft, wherein the stirring motor and the coupling structure are arranged above the upper end socket, the stirring shaft is arranged in the tank body, and the cross section of the stirring blade is circular; the upper end enclosure is provided with an enzymolysis tank feeding hole, and the enzymolysis tank feeding hole is provided with a feeding hole gland; the upper sealing head is also provided with an enzymatic hydrolysate inlet, an evacuation port, a vacuum pumping port and a cleaning device, and the lower movable cover is provided with an enzymatic hydrolysate outlet;

the peeling machine comprises a bracket, a peeling part and an orange peel collecting part, wherein the peeling part, the peeling part and the orange peel collecting part are arranged on the bracket; the peeling part is arranged on the feeding side of the peeling part and comprises a primary roller row knife, a secondary roller row knife, a primary motor driving the primary roller row knife to rotate and a secondary motor driving the secondary roller row knife to rotate; the peeling part comprises a conveying peeling structure, a conveying motor for driving the conveying peeling structure, a blocking structure arranged above the conveying peeling structure and used for blocking the movement speed of the oranges, and a spraying device; the conveying and skin tearing structure comprises a conveying and skin tearing chain and a rack which is arranged on the bracket and matched with the conveying and skin tearing chain; the conveying and skin tearing chain is arranged in an inverted triangle and comprises two closed chains which are parallel to each other, a plurality of skin tearing rollers which are arranged between the two closed chains in parallel and three supporting chain wheels for setting the inner angles of the triangular conveying and skin tearing chain, and the conveying motor drives the conveying and skin tearing chain to rotate by driving one of the supporting chain wheels to rotate; two ends of the peel tearing roller are respectively movably connected with the chain and are matched with the rack to rotate;

the secondary roller row knives comprise rolling shafts, a plurality of annular peeling knives sleeved on the rolling shafts, a plurality of flexible fruit pressing discs sleeved on the rolling shafts at intervals of the annular peeling knives, and annular pressing pieces arranged at two ends of the rolling shafts and used for pressing the annular peeling knives and the flexible fruit pressing discs; the secondary roller is arranged above the feeding side of the conveying and skin tearing chain; the diameter of the annular peeling knife is smaller than that of the flexible fruit pressing disc; the citrus is peeled by an annular peeling knife between adjacent flexible fruit pressing disks in the extrusion state, and the citrus is driven by a conveying peeling chain to move at a discharging side;

after the fruits are ground into oil by an oil grinding machine, the enzymolysis device carries out enzymolysis treatment on peels and outer capsule coats, and the peeled fruits are peeled by a peeling machine to obtain naked fruit balls.

The raw materials of citrus fruits are firstly sorted and cleaned by a raw material pretreatment device and then enter an oil grinding machine through an oil grinding machine feed inlet. The oil grinding machine can form an arc-shaped groove for containing oranges by arranging the roller along the movement direction of the oranges, the spiral propeller is arranged in the arc-shaped groove and can divide the arc-shaped groove into a plurality of space spaces for puncturing the oranges, the oranges move towards the notch of the arc-shaped groove under the rolling action of the roller and are sequentially pushed into the next space under the action of the spiral sheet of the spiral propeller, the oranges roll towards the bottom of the arc-shaped groove when entering the next space, the burrs puncture the oranges, the oranges are driven to move towards the notch of the arc-shaped groove under the action of the roller, and so on, the oranges do swinging motion along the arc of the arc-shaped groove while doing transverse motion forwards, so that the oranges form irregular motion in the plurality of space spaces, the oranges are fully contacted with the burrs, the oranges are punctured more uniformly, the recovery rate of essential oil and the puncturing success rate are improved, facilitating subsequent processing. Set up to be oval and circular through the roller that will constitute the arc wall, and circular and oval roller crisscross setting, oval roller and circular roller form the fluctuation of rule in the arc wall, can guarantee that oranges and tangerines especially form the fluctuation of fluctuation from top to bottom through the mutual spaced space of flight in the arc wall, thereby guaranteed that oranges and tangerines fully stir in the arc wall, increased the chance that the burr contacted on oranges and tangerines and the roller, thereby improved the success rate of puncturing of oranges and tangerines and essential oil rate of recovery.

The fruit after the oil grinding is discharged from the discharge port of the oil grinding machine, and then enters the enzymolysis tank through the feed port of the enzymolysis tank, the feeding and discharging of citrus fruit balls are facilitated by arranging the upper end cover and the lower movable cover on the enzymolysis tank, the control of each process in the enzymolysis process is facilitated by arranging the feed port of the enzymolysis tank, the inlet of enzymolysis liquid, the evacuation port and the cleaning device on the upper end cover can be realized through automatic control, the cost is saved, and the production efficiency is improved. Set up the stirring vane cross section in the enzymolysis tank into circular, also can set up to the annular cross section of rounding off, during the use, thereby can prevent that stirring vane from causing the damage to oranges and tangerines fruit ball and destroying its integrality, improved the yield. After the enzymolysis is finished, the outer capsule coat of the surface of the fruit balls is removed, and the fruit balls are discharged from a discharge port of the enzymolysis tank.

The fruit balls after enzymolysis enter the peeling machine through a feeding hole of the peeling machine, wherein the first-stage roller row cutter is generally arranged below the feeding hole of the peeling machine, oranges roll into the fruit balls from the feeding hole of the peeling machine, partial oranges contact with the first-stage roller row cutter under the action of gravity to break the peels, and partial oranges do not contact with the first-stage roller row cutter in the falling process and cannot break the peels of the oranges, or the peels are less, so that the follow-up peeling process is seriously influenced. Under the effect of second grade cylinder gang tool, all oranges and tangerines that pass through the feed inlet carry out the crust breaking through second grade cylinder gang tool one by one, have guaranteed the rate of tearing the skin of follow-up oranges and tangerines, have peeled the clean rate and improved the efficiency of skinning. After the peel is broken, the fruit peels are torn off through the channel under the combined action of the conveying peel tearing structure and the blocking piece to form fruit balls with capsule coats, and the fruit balls are discharged from a discharge port of the peeling machine.

Further, a plurality of the double-row chain wheels and the driving motor are arranged on one side of the feeding hole of the oil grinding machine, the driving motor is arranged below the feeding hole of the oil grinding machine, and the propelling motor is arranged above one side of the discharging hole of the oil grinding machine.

The oil grinding machine feed inlet and the oil grinding machine discharge outlet are arranged at the notches at the two ends of the arc-shaped groove, and the double rows of chain wheels are arranged at the end part of the roller in order to facilitate feeding, so that the driving motor is arranged below the oil grinding machine feed inlet. The spiral propeller is arranged in the arc-shaped groove, so that the discharge is convenient, and the propelling motor is arranged above the discharge hole of the oil grinding machine.

Further, the rotation direction of the roller is opposite to that of the spiral propeller. The roller and the screw propeller rotate in opposite directions, so that the oranges can be conveniently pushed forwards by the screw propeller.

Furthermore, the number of the double-row chain wheels is at least four, a driving chain wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor, and the driving chain wheel is matched with two adjacent double-row chain wheels at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove through a chain; the cross section of the roller corresponding to the adjacent double-row chain wheel matched with the driving chain wheel is circular, and the rollers on the two adjacent sides are respectively formed by the oval rollers and the circular rollers in a staggered mode. The cross sections of the two adjacent rollers matched with the driving chain wheels are set to be circular, so that the driving motor can stably drive the rollers on the whole arc-shaped groove to rotate, and the accident rate is reduced.

Furthermore, eight double-row chain wheels are symmetrically arranged, and two double-row chain wheels which are adjacent to each other in the middle of the bottom of the arc-shaped groove are respectively connected with the double-row chain wheels on two sides in series. The driving motor is matched with the two adjacent double-row chain wheels through the chain, and the rest double-row chain wheels are connected with the two adjacent double-row chain wheels through the chain, so that the whole roller moves more stably. And the double-row chain wheels are arranged to be eight mutually symmetrical, and the driving motor is matched with the two adjacent chain wheels in the middle, so that the whole transmission stress is more uniform, the transmission is more stable, and the structural design is more reasonable.

Further, the enzymolysis device also comprises a lifter, a peel and residue spraying impurity removing machine and a buffer tank for recovering enzymolysis liquid in the enzymolysis tank; the lifting machine comprises a lifting support, a lifting motor and a lifting structure, wherein the lifting motor and the lifting structure are arranged on the lifting support, the lifting support is arranged on one side of the enzymolysis platform, a feeding groove is arranged at the lower end of the lifting support, a discharging groove is arranged at the upper end of the lifting support, and the discharging groove is connected with a feeding hole of the enzymolysis tank; the enzymolysis liquid outlet is connected with the buffer tank; the outlet of the blanking buffer hopper is connected with the inlet of the dreg spraying impurity removing machine; oranges and tangerines promote the blown down tank through the effect that promotes the motor and promote the structure in last silo, and the oranges and tangerines from the blown down tank output get into the enzymolysis tank through the enzymolysis tank feed inlet on the upper cover and carry out the enzymolysis and take off the capsule clothing, and the oranges and tangerines after the enzymolysis get into the skin sediment through unloading buffer hopper and spray and remove the miscellaneous built-in washing and go, and the enzymolysis liquid in the enzymolysis tank gets into buffer tank recycle through the enzymolysis liquid discharge port.

Through setting up the lifting machine, the oranges and tangerines of being convenient for are transported the enzymolysis tank feed inlet on the upper cover from the below, have practiced thrift the manpower. Wherein promote the structure by belt or stainless steel net chain and set up the scraper blade on it and constitute, under the effect that promotes the motor and promote the structure, oranges and tangerines are transported to the blown down tank at top from the last silo of hoist bottom, and blown down tank exhaust oranges and tangerines get into the enzymolysis tank through the enzymolysis tank feed inlet is automatic, and the enzymolysis tank lower extreme is sealed through the effect of lower movable cover and locking Assembly before the use, then carries out the enzymolysis process. The orange fruit balls after enzymolysis can be washed clean by arranging the peel and residue spraying impurity removing machine. The buffer tank is connected with the enzymolysis tank through an enzymolysis liquid outlet, the enzymolysis liquid after enzymolysis is discharged into the buffer tank through the enzymolysis liquid outlet, and the enzymolysis liquid can be recycled through an enzymolysis liquid inlet after being blended.

Further, the enzymolysis device also comprises a material distribution structure; the material distribution structure comprises a belt conveyor, baffle plates arranged on two sides of the belt conveyor, feed chutes arranged on the belt conveyor and respectively connected with feed inlets of different enzymolysis tanks, and a flow distribution structure for controlling the opening and closing of the feed chutes; the baffle and the conveyor belt form a conveying trough, and the notch of the discharge trough of the elevator is connected with the feeding end of the conveying trough; the feeding chute and the flow dividing structure are arranged on the baffle plate, and the flow dividing structure comprises a flow dividing plate hinged on the baffle plate and a control assembly for controlling the flow dividing plate; during the reposition of redundant personnel, thereby the flow distribution plate blocks in the feed chute and open the feed chute notch simultaneously and shunt oranges and tangerines to corresponding enzymolysis tank under the control assembly effect.

Through the setting of dividing the material structure, can set up a plurality of enzymolysis tanks on the enzymolysis platform, can carry out large batch enzymolysis production. Through setting up the reposition of redundant personnel structure, can make things convenient for during oranges and tangerines fruit ball gets into the enzymolysis tank in proper order automatically, simple structure has improved production efficiency.

Furthermore, the upper surface of a conveying peel tearing chain of the peeling machine in an inverted triangle shape forms a channel for tearing citrus peel, the rack is arranged below the peel tearing roller on the upper surface and is matched with the peel tearing roller, side plates for forming the channel are respectively arranged on two sides of the channel, a plurality of blocking structures are arranged in the channel, and each blocking structure comprises a plurality of fixing strips of which two ends are fixedly arranged on two sides of the channel and a plurality of blocking pieces arranged below the fixing strips and used for blocking movement of citrus in the channel; the blocking piece is a flexible pressing blocking piece or/and a clamping blocking strip; the spraying device is arranged above the discharging side channel of the peeling part, and the orange peel collecting part is arranged in the middle of the inverted-triangle-shaped conveying peeling chain to receive orange peels peeled by the peeling roller and spray water; the one-level cylinder is arranged the sword and is set up on the bottom surface of peeler feed inlet, and oranges and tangerines are arranging the sword through the one-level cylinder of oranges and tangerines below to passageway roll in-process and carry out preliminary broken skin, the top that the skin chain was torn in the conveying of peeler feed inlet rear to the sword setting is arranged to the second grade cylinder, tears skin chain and second grade cylinder in the conveying and arranges the interact of sword and carry out the secondary to oranges and tangerines broken skin down.

Can make oranges and tangerines and peel roller contact in order to make the peeling roller peel through the setting of hindering the structure, can change the direction of motion of oranges and tangerines through the setting of hindering the piece. Under the effect of flexible pressing separation blade or/and tight shelves strip of clamp, it is alternative with the upset to tear skin in-process pressurization for every direction of oranges and tangerines fruit all fully contacts with tearing the skin roller, thereby gets rid of the citrus peel totally. The second-stage roller row knife is used for scratching the peels through pressurization, the oranges below the rolling shafts are efficiently scratched, and meanwhile, the oranges are pressurized on each orange, so that the peeling effect is ensured.

The utility model discloses a production technology and equipment of citrus fruit enzymatic method peeling and capsulizing, degree of automation is high, can reduce the cost of labor in a large number, reduces the water consumption, does not use acid-base, improves machining efficiency and product quality, is the best choice of citrus fruit peeling and capsulizing processing.

Drawings

The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a device connection according to an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an example production process;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an oil grinder according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil grinding machine according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of one side of a feed port of the oil grinding machine according to the embodiment;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an arc-shaped slot;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an enzymatic hydrolysis tank of an embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an exemplary enzymolysis tank;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an enzymatic apparatus according to an embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a debarker according to an embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a peeler according to an embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a secondary drum row of knives of a debarker according to an embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a secondary roller blade arrangement of the first peeler in accordance with an embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a graph showing the variation of the enzymolysis time and the soluble solid content in the process of reusing the enzyme solution of the first embodiment;

FIG. 17 shows the pH and color changes of the enzyme solution during repeated use in the example;

in the figure: 1 is a frame; 2 is a propelling structure; 2-1 is a propulsion motor; 2-2 is a spiral shaft; 2-3 is a spiral slice; 3 is a thorn skin structure; 3-1 is a roller; 3-2 is a double-row chain wheel; 3-3 is a driving motor; 3-4 is an arc-shaped groove; 3-5 is a feed inlet of an oil mill; 3-6 is a discharge port of an oil grinding machine; 3-7 is burr; 4 is a spraying structure; 41 is a water inlet pipeline; 42 is a spray header; 5 is a protective cover; 6 is a slag discharging groove; 7 is a bracket; 8 is a first-stage roller cutter row; 9 is a secondary roller cutter; 91 is a roller; 92 is an annular peeling knife; 93 is a flexible fruit pressing plate; 94 is an annular compression member; 10 is a first-stage motor; 11 is a two-stage motor; 12 is a conveying peel tearing structure; 121 is a closed chain; 122 is a peeling roller; 123 is a supporting chain wheel; 13 is a transmission motor; 14 is a spraying device; 15 is a channel; 16 is a side plate; 17 is a fixing strip; 18 is a flexible pressing baffle sheet; 19 is a clamping stop bar; 20 is a feed inlet of the peeling machine; 21 is a discharge port of the peeling machine; 22 is orange peel collecting part; 23 is an enzymolysis platform; 24 is an enzymolysis tank; 241 is a tank body; 242 is an upper end enclosure; 243 is lower movable cover; 244 is a locking assembly; 245 is a stirring motor; 246 is a stirring shaft; 247 is a stirring blade; 248 is a coupling structure; 25 is a blanking buffer hopper; 26 is a hoisting machine; 261 is a lifting bracket; 262 is a lifting motor; 263 is a feeding trough; 264 is a discharge chute; 27 is a skin residue spraying impurity removing machine; 28 is a buffer tank; 29 is a material distributing structure; 291 is a belt conveyer; 292 is a baffle; 293 is a feed chute; 294 is a conveying groove; 295 is a splitter plate; 296 is a control component; 30 is a feed inlet of the enzymolysis tank; 31 is a feed port gland; 32 is an enzymolysis liquid inlet; 33 is a drain; 34 is a vacuum-pumping port; 35 is a cleaning device; 36 is an enzymolysis liquid outlet.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following non-limiting embodiment in which the drawing is combined. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for producing juice cells by peeling and peeling the peel of grapefruit by an enzymatic method comprises a raw material pretreatment device, an oil grinding machine, a peeling machine, an enzymolysis device and a juice cell dispersion device which are sequentially arranged according to a production process;

as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the oil grinding machine includes a frame 1, a protective cover 5 arranged on the frame 1, a propelling structure 2, a pricking structure 3 and a spraying structure 4; the propelling structure 2 comprises a propelling motor 2-1 arranged at one end of the rack 1 and a spiral propeller arranged on the rack 1, wherein the spiral propeller comprises a spiral shaft 2-2 and a spiral sheet 2-3 arranged on the spiral shaft 2-2;

the thorn skin structure 3 comprises eight rollers 3-1, eight double-row chain wheels 3-2 which are symmetrically arranged at one end of each roller 3-1 and a driving motor 3-3 for driving the rollers 3-1 to rotate, and burrs 3-7 are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of each roller 3-1; the spraying structure 4 comprises a water inlet pipeline 41 and a plurality of spraying heads 42 arranged on the water inlet pipeline 41; the eight rollers 3-1 are uniformly arranged in the protective cover 5 in an arc shape to form arc-shaped grooves 3-4, two ends of each roller are respectively arranged on the rack 1, the openings of the arc-shaped grooves 3-4 are upward, the double-row chain wheels 3-2 at one ends of the eight rollers 3-1 are arranged on the same side of the rack 1, and the eight double-row chain wheels 3-2 are mutually matched through chains and driven to rotate through the driving motor 3-3, so that the rollers 3-1 are driven to rotate in the same direction; the rotating direction of the roller 3-1 is opposite to that of the spiral propeller; the arc-shaped groove 3-4 is formed by mutually staggering a plurality of rollers 3-1 with circular and oval cross sections, and burrs 3-7 on the adjacent circular rollers 3-1 and oval rollers 3-1 are arranged in a staggered way when the rollers rotate; a driving chain wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the driving motor 3-3 and is matched with two double-row chain wheels 3-2 adjacent to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 3-4 through a chain; the cross section of the roller 3-1 corresponding to the adjacent double-row chain wheel 3-2 matched with the driving chain wheel is circular, and the rollers 3-1 at the two adjacent sides are respectively formed by the oval rollers 3-1 and the circular rollers 3-1 in a staggered mode; the spiral propeller is axially arranged in the arc-shaped groove 3-4 along the roller 3-1, two ends of the spiral shaft 2-2 are arranged on the rack 1, and one end of the spiral shaft 2-2 is driven to rotate by the propulsion motor 2-1;

a plurality of spray headers 42 are uniformly arranged above the spiral propeller; openings at two ends of the arc-shaped groove 3-4 are respectively provided with an oil mill feeding port 3-5 and an oil mill discharging port 3-6, a slag discharging groove 6 is arranged below the plurality of rollers 3-1, fruits enter the arc-shaped groove 3-4 through the oil mill feeding port 3-5, the fruits pierce or pierce the citrus grandis peels under the rotation of the rollers 3-1 and the action of the burrs 3-7, the fruit cortex essential oil or the fruit peels are flushed to the slag discharging groove 6 through the spray header 42, and the fruits are pushed to the oil mill discharging port 3-6 under the action of the screw propeller; the double-row chain wheels 3-2 and the driving motors 3-3 are arranged on one side of the feeding port 3-5 of the oil grinding machine, the driving motors 3-3 are arranged below the feeding port 3-5 of the oil grinding machine, and the propelling motors 2-1 are arranged above one side of the discharging port 3-6 of the oil grinding machine.

As shown in fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11, the enzymolysis device includes an enzymolysis platform 23, an enzymolysis tank 24 disposed on the enzymolysis platform 23, and a blanking buffer hopper 25 disposed below a discharge port of the enzymolysis tank 24; the enzymolysis tank 24 comprises a tank 241, an upper end enclosure 242 arranged at the upper end of the tank 241, a lower movable cover 243 arranged at the lower end of the tank 241, a locking component 244 for locking the lower movable cover 243 and a stirring component arranged on the upper end enclosure 242; the stirring assembly comprises a stirring motor 245, a stirring shaft 246, a stirring blade 247 arranged on the stirring shaft 246 and a coupling structure 248 for connecting an output shaft of the stirring motor 245 and the stirring shaft 246, the stirring motor 245 and the coupling structure 248 are arranged above the upper end enclosure 242, the stirring shaft 246 is arranged in the tank body 241, and the cross section of the stirring blade 247 is circular; an enzymolysis tank feeding port 30 is arranged on the upper end enclosure 242, and a feeding port gland 31 is arranged on the enzymolysis tank feeding port 30; the upper end enclosure 242 is also provided with an enzymatic hydrolysate inlet 32, an evacuation port 33, a vacuumizing port 34 and a cleaning device 35, and the lower movable cover 243 is provided with an enzymatic hydrolysate outlet 36;

the enzymolysis device also comprises a lifter 26, a peel residue spraying impurity removing machine 27 and a buffer tank 28 for recovering the enzymolysis liquid in the enzymolysis tank 24; the hoister 26 comprises a hoisting support 261, a hoisting motor 262 arranged on the hoisting support 261 and a hoisting structure, the hoisting support 261 is arranged on one side of the enzymolysis platform 23, the lower end of the hoisting support 261 is provided with an upper trough 263, the upper end is provided with a discharge trough 264, and the discharge trough 264 is connected with the feed inlet 30 of the enzymolysis tank; the enzymolysis liquid outlet 36 is connected with the buffer tank 28; the outlet of the blanking buffer hopper 25 is connected with the inlet of the dreg spray impurity removing machine 27; the grapefruit is lifted to the discharge chute 264 in the upper feed chute 263 under the action of the lifting motor 262 and the lifting structure, the grapefruit output from the discharge chute 264 enters the enzymolysis tank 24 through the enzymolysis tank feed inlet 30 on the upper end enclosure 242 for enzymatic hydrolysis and capsule coat removal, the grapefruit subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis enters the peel and residue spraying and impurity removing machine 27 through the blanking buffer hopper 25 for cleaning and impurity removal, and the enzymatic hydrolysate in the enzymolysis tank 24 enters the buffer tank 28 through the enzymatic hydrolysate discharge outlet 36 for recycling;

the enzymolysis device also comprises a material distribution structure 29; the number of the enzymolysis tanks 24 is two, and the material distribution structure 29 comprises a belt conveyor 291, baffles 292 arranged on two sides of the belt conveyor 291, a feed chute 293 arranged on the belt conveyor 291 and respectively connected with the feed inlets 30 of different enzymolysis tanks, and a flow distribution structure for controlling the opening and closing of the feed chute 293; the baffle 292 and the conveyor belt form a conveying groove 294, and the notch of the discharge groove 264 of the lifting machine 26 is connected with the feeding end of the conveying groove 294; the feeding groove 293 and the flow dividing structure are both arranged on the baffle 292, and the flow dividing structure comprises a flow dividing plate 295 hinged to the baffle 292 and a control assembly 296 for controlling the flow dividing plate 295; during diversion, the diversion plate 295 is blocked in the feed tank 293 by the control assembly 296 and simultaneously opens the notch of the feed tank 293 to divert grapefruit to the corresponding enzymolysis tank 24.

As shown in fig. 12, 13, 14, 15, the peeling machine includes a frame 7, a peeling part and an orange peel collecting part 22 provided on the frame 7; the peeling part is arranged on the feeding side of the peeling part and comprises a primary roller row knife 8, a secondary roller row knife 9, a primary motor 10 for driving the primary roller row knife 8 to rotate and a secondary motor 11 for driving the secondary roller row knife 9 to rotate; the peeling part comprises a conveying peeling structure 12, a conveying motor 13 for driving the conveying peeling structure 12, a blocking structure arranged above the conveying peeling structure 12 and used for blocking the movement speed of the grapefruit, and a spraying device 14; the conveying and skin tearing structure 12 comprises a conveying and skin tearing chain and a rack which is arranged on the bracket 7 and matched with the conveying and skin tearing chain; the conveying ripping chain is arranged in an inverted triangle and comprises two closed chains 121 which are parallel to each other, a plurality of ripping rollers 122 which are arranged between the two closed chains 121 in parallel, and three supporting chain wheels 123 which are used for setting the inner angles of the triangular conveying ripping chain, and the conveying motor 13 drives the conveying ripping chain to rotate by driving one of the supporting chain wheels 123 to rotate; two ends of the peel tearing roller 122 are respectively movably connected with the chain and rotate in a matching way with the rack;

the secondary roller row knife 9 comprises a rolling shaft 91, a plurality of annular peeling knives 92 sleeved on the rolling shaft 91, a plurality of flexible fruit pressing discs 93 sleeved on the rolling shaft 91 at intervals of the plurality of annular peeling knives 92, and annular pressing pieces 94 arranged at two ends of the rolling shaft 91 and used for pressing the plurality of annular peeling knives 92 and the plurality of flexible fruit pressing discs 93; the second-stage roller is arranged above the feeding side of the conveying tearing chain; the diameter of the annular peeling knife 92 is smaller than that of the flexible fruit pressing disc 93; the grapefruit is peeled by the annular peeling knife 92 between adjacent flexible fruit pressing discs 93 in the extrusion state, and the grapefruit is driven by the conveying peeling chain to move at the discharging side;

the peeling machine is characterized in that the upper surface of a conveying peeling chain arranged in an inverted triangle shape of the peeling machine forms a channel 15 for peeling the grapefruit, a rack is arranged below an upper surface peeling roller 122 and is matched with the peeling roller 122, side plates 16 for forming the channel 15 are respectively arranged on two sides of the channel 15, a plurality of blocking structures are arranged in the channel 15, each blocking structure comprises a plurality of fixing strips 17 of which two ends are fixedly arranged on two sides of the channel 15 and a plurality of blocking pieces arranged below the fixing strips 17 and used for blocking the movement of the grapefruit in the channel 15; the blocking piece is a flexible pressing baffle 18 or/and a clamping baffle strip 19; the spraying device 14 is arranged above the peeling part discharging side channel 15, and the orange peel collecting part 22 is arranged in the middle of the inverted triangle conveying peeling chain to receive the citrus grandis peels peeled by the peeling roller 122 and spray water; the first-stage roller row knife 8 is arranged on the bottom surface of the feeding hole 20 of the peeling machine, the grapefruit is subjected to primary peeling through the first-stage roller row knife 8 below the grapefruit in the process of rolling towards the channel 15, the second-stage roller row knife 9 is arranged above the conveying peeling chain behind the feeding hole 20 of the peeling machine, and secondary peeling is performed on the grapefruit under the interaction of the conveying peeling chain and the second-stage roller row knife 9; the hu shaddock after the secondary is broken skin is torn the skin chain through the conveying and is pushed to peeler discharge gate 21 and discharge.

After the oil grinding of the fruits is completed by an oil grinding machine, the capsule coats of the citrus peels are removed by an enzymolysis device, the citrus with the capsule coats removed is peeled by a peeling machine to obtain peeled fruit balls, and the peeled fruit balls form final juice cells by a juice cell dispersing device.

As shown in figures 3 and 4, the grapefruit with peel enters an arc-shaped groove 3-4 through a feeding hole 3-5 of an oil grinding machine, a roller 3-1 on the arc-shaped groove 3-4 drives eight rollers 3-1 to rotate in the same direction under the action of a driving motor 3-3 and a driving chain wheel, as shown in figures 5, 6 and 7, the arc-shaped groove 3-4 is divided into a plurality of space spaces by a spiral sheet 2-3, the grapefruit is driven by the roller 3-1 to move towards a side notch of the arc-shaped groove 3-4 in the space spaces, burrs 3-7 on different rollers 3-1 puncture the peel of the grapefruit during the movement, meanwhile, the rollers 3-1 on two sides have an oval structure, and the grapefruit moves up and down in the arc-shaped groove 3-4 in the lateral direction, so that the grapefruit regularly rolls in the arc-shaped groove 3-4, after passing through a plurality of space spaces, the grapefruit peel is uniformly punctured, and the grapefruit is pushed to a discharge hole of the oil grinding machine under the action of the spiral propeller. A plurality of pinhole-shaped structures are formed on the surface of the grapefruit. As shown in fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11, the oil-milled grapefruit is lifted onto the enzymolysis platform 23 by the elevator 26, the grapefruit is firstly shunted to the first enzymolysis tank 24 under the action of the material distribution structure 29, the material distribution structure 29 is controlled by controlling the control component 296, the rest grapefruit is shunted to the second enzymolysis tank 24, and enzymatic hydrolysate is introduced for enzymolysis according to the enzymolysis process; the enzymatic hydrolysate is discharged into the buffer tank 28 through an enzymatic hydrolysate outlet 36 for compound recycling, and the fruit balls after enzymatic hydrolysis enter the peel and residue spraying impurity removing machine 27 through a discharge port of the enzymatic hydrolysis tank 24 to remove impurities, so that the capsule-coat-removed fruit balls can be obtained. The grapefruit peel is soft and is convenient for peeling in the next step. As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the grapefruit after peeling off the outer skin capsule enters a peeling machine through a feeding hole 20 of the peeling machine, the peeling machine performs primary peeling under the action of a primary roller row knife 8 and a primary motor 10, and performs secondary peeling one by one under the action of a secondary roller row knife 9 and a conveying peeling chain; as shown in fig. 14 and 15, annular peeling knives 92 on the secondary roller row knives 9 are separated by flexible fruit pressing discs 93, only one grapefruit can be accommodated between adjacent flexible fruit pressing discs 93 to pass through each time, when the grapefruit passes through, the adjacent flexible fruit pressing discs 93 press the grapefruit on peeling rollers 122, meanwhile, the annular peeling knives 92 peel the grapefruit under the driving of the secondary motor 11, the peeled grapefruit is torn under the combined action of the peeling rollers 122 in the channel 15 and the blocking structure, the grapefruit peel is torn down, and under the effect of conveying the peeling chain, the grapefruit is pushed to a discharging port 21 of the peeling machine to be discharged. The peel of the grapefruit subjected to enzymolysis is peeled by a peeling machine. And finally, processing the peeled fruit balls by a juice cell dispersing device to obtain juice cells.

As shown in figure 2, the production process for preparing the juice cell by peeling and peeling the coating of the grapefruit by the enzyme method comprises the following steps:

s1, fruit raw material pretreatment: impurity removal, sorting and cleaning are carried out through a principle pretreatment device;

s2, grinding the fruits by an oil grinder: roughly separating and finely separating the liquid after the grapefruit is ground into oil to obtain essential oil;

s3, removing the outer surface capsule coat of the fruit peel by enzymolysis of the oil-ground fruit balls through an enzymolysis device, filtering and recovering enzymolysis liquid after enzymolysis, and re-matching for repeated use;

s4, peeling the depysted fruit balls by a peeling machine to obtain peeled fruit balls;

and S5, dispersing the peeled fruit balls by using a juice cell dispersing device, removing impurities, sorting, blending, sterilizing, filling and refrigerating to obtain juice cells.

The initial conditions of enzymolysis in the enzymolysis tank 24 in the step S3 are as follows: solid-liquid ratio: 1:1.8, first enzyme addition: 1.5%, temperature: 45. + -. 2 ℃ pH: 3.5-4.0, vacuum degree: -74 ± 2kPa, single elapsed time: 30-40 min; the enzymolysis reaction comprises the following steps:

1 soaking the preheated fruit balls in the enzymolysis liquid for 2-4 min;

2, after soaking the preheated fruit balls in the enzymolysis tank 24, repeatedly cycling for at least 2 times for 10-20min by increasing the pressure for 1-2min, stabilizing the pressure for 2-4min, reducing the pressure for 1-2min and keeping the pressure at normal pressure for 1-2min, and then removing the capsule coat; obtaining an enzymolysis liquid after enzymolysis, wherein the repeatedly used enzyme supplement amount is as follows: 0.4%, 0.3%, 0.2% are added for the 2 nd to 6 th times respectively.

The enzyme activity determination method comprises the following steps:

adding 500 μ L of enzyme solution diluted by proper times with acetic acid buffer solution into a test tube with a plug, preheating the test tube in a water bath kettle at 50 ℃ for 2min, adding 500 μ L of 0.2% polygalacturonic acid substrate cellulase for activity determination, taking sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a substrate, adding DNS reagent to stop the reaction after reacting for 10min, carrying out boiling water bath for 15min, cooling the test tube to room temperature, adding 1mL of 40% potassium sodium tartrate solution, determining the light absorption value at the wavelength of 540nm, and calculating the enzyme activity by contrasting a standard curve.

The method for measuring the enzyme activity loss comprises the following steps:

and after the enzymatic hydrolysis and capsule removal operation is finished, filtering and removing residues from the enzymatic hydrolysate, and respectively determining the residual enzyme activity, the pH value and the soluble solid content of the pectinase in the enzymatic hydrolysate. Calculated as 1kg enzyme.

Determination of relevant parameters of enzymatic hydrolysate

Determination of the reuse rate of the enzyme solution:

residual enzymatic activity of enzymatic hydrolysate and variation of related parameters

The residual enzyme activities of several enzyme solutions in the enzymolysis process are all kept at about 80%, the content of essential oil in the secondary hydrolysate is 0.14%, the content of Vc is 10.03%, the total acid is 0.80%, and the soluble solid content is 5.8 DEG Brix. Therefore, the recycling of the hydrolysate has feasibility and necessity. Therefore, the repeated hydrolysis experiment evaluation is carried out by utilizing P21 with higher enzyme activity and relatively lower cost, and the addition amount of each enzyme solution is 20%. The results are shown in FIG. 16: the enzymolysis time is increased along with the increase of the repeated use times, and the increase amplitude is gradually increased; the content of soluble solid in the enzyme solution increases with the increase of the using times, but the increase gradually slows down, and finally reaches about 10.0, namely a flat growth platform. These two parameters may represent the time cost and the effect, respectively, and the curves of the two intersect each other at a repetition number of 5, so it can be known that the 5-time reuse of the enzyme solution is a relatively reasonable choice. As shown in fig. 17: in the process of repeated use, the pH value is gradually reduced, the chroma ho value is also gradually reduced, but the trend of the change curve is basically consistent, and the plateau period is reached about 5 times of repetition times. This result further illustrates the above conclusion. By recycling the enzyme liquid, the cost of the P21 enzyme preparation 100 yuan/kg is simply balanced, so that the cost of the enzyme for processing 1 ton of grapefruit can be reduced to about 500 yuan and 750 yuan from about 2000 yuan which is not repeatedly used.

The surface of the peeled grapefruit ball is clean, almost no other impurities exist, and the grapefruit ball is convenient for further processing.

As shown in fig. 2, the peeled grapefruit of this embodiment can be used in the preparation of molasses, that is, the peeled grapefruit ball of step S4 is subjected to secondary enzymolysis, filtration and concentration to obtain molasses.

As shown in fig. 2, in the application of the peeled grapefruit in the embodiment in the preparation of dietary fiber or feed, the peeled fruit balls obtained in step S4 are subjected to secondary enzymolysis, filtration, drying and crushing to obtain the dietary fiber or feed.

Example two

The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is:

the equipment for producing the juice sacs by peeling and removing the sacks and the coating of the pomelo by the enzyme method also comprises a peeling machine, wherein the peeling machine is arranged between an oil grinding machine and an enzymolysis device; and grinding the pomelo into oil by an oil grinding machine in sequence, peeling by a peeling machine, and then preparing the pomelo-related product by an enzymolysis device, a peeling machine and other preparation devices. Because the shaddock peel is thick, the white peel layer may be adhered after primary enzymolysis, the white peel layer can be removed by enzymolysis after peeling, and related products are prepared by other devices.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, when referring to the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

Claims (6)

1. A production device for peeling and peeling a coating of a citrus fruit by an enzyme method is characterized by comprising a pretreatment device, an oil grinding machine, an enzymolysis device and a peeling machine which are sequentially arranged according to a production process;

the oil grinding machine comprises a rack (1), a protective cover (5) arranged on the rack (1), a propelling structure (2), a thorn skin structure (3) and a spraying structure (4);

the propelling structure (2) comprises a propelling motor (2-1) arranged at one end of the rack (1) and a spiral propeller arranged on the rack (1), and the spiral propeller comprises a spiral shaft (2-2) and a spiral piece (2-3) arranged on the spiral shaft (2-2);

the thorn skin structure (3) comprises a plurality of rollers (3-1), a plurality of double-row chain wheels (3-2) which are respectively arranged at one end of the rollers (3-1) and a driving motor (3-3) which drives the rollers (3-1) to rotate, and burrs (3-7) are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the rollers (3-1); the spraying structure (4) comprises a water inlet pipeline (41) and a plurality of spraying heads (42) arranged on the water inlet pipeline (41); the rollers (3-1) are uniformly arranged in the protective cover (5) in an arc shape to form arc-shaped grooves (3-4), two ends of each roller are respectively arranged on the rack (1), the openings of the arc-shaped grooves (3-4) are upward, the double-row chain wheels (3-2) at one end of each roller (3-1) are arranged on the same side of the rack (1), and the double-row chain wheels (3-2) are matched with each other through chains and driven to rotate through the driving motor (3-3), so that the rollers (3-1) are driven to rotate in the same direction; the arc-shaped groove (3-4) is formed by mutually staggering a plurality of rollers (3-1) with circular and oval cross sections, and burrs (3-7) on the adjacent circular rollers (3-1) and oval rollers (3-1) are arranged in a staggered manner when the rollers rotate; the spiral propeller is axially arranged in the arc-shaped groove (3-4) along the roller (3-1), two ends of the spiral shaft (2-2) are arranged on the rack (1), and one end of the spiral shaft (2-2) is driven to rotate by the propulsion motor (2-1);

the plurality of spray headers (42) are uniformly arranged above the spiral propeller; openings at two ends of the arc-shaped groove (3-4) are respectively provided with an oil grinding machine feed inlet (3-5) and an oil grinding machine discharge outlet (3-6), a slag discharging groove (6) is arranged below the plurality of rollers (3-1), fruits enter the arc-shaped groove (3-4) through the oil grinding machine feed inlet (3-5), the fruits puncture or pierce the citrus peel under the rotation of the rollers (3-1) and the action of the burrs (3-7), the fruit cortex essential oil or the fruit peel is flushed to the slag discharging groove (6) through the spray header (42), and the fruits are pushed to the oil grinding machine discharge outlet (3-6) under the action of the screw propeller;

the enzymolysis device comprises an enzymolysis platform (23), an enzymolysis tank (24) arranged on the enzymolysis platform (23) and a blanking buffer hopper (25) arranged below a discharge hole of the enzymolysis tank (24); the enzymolysis tank (24) comprises a tank body (241), an upper end enclosure (242) arranged at the upper end of the tank body (241), a lower movable cover (243) arranged at the lower end of the tank body (241), a locking component (244) for locking the lower movable cover (243), and a stirring component arranged on the upper end enclosure (242); the stirring assembly comprises a stirring motor (245), a stirring shaft (246), stirring blades (247) arranged on the stirring shaft (246) and a coupling structure (248) for connecting an output shaft of the stirring motor (245) and the stirring shaft (246), the stirring motor (245) and the coupling structure (248) are arranged above the upper end enclosure (242), the stirring shaft (246) is arranged in the tank body (241), and the cross section of each stirring blade (247) is circular; an enzymolysis tank feeding hole (30) is formed in the upper end enclosure (242), and a feeding hole gland (31) is formed in the enzymolysis tank feeding hole (30); an enzymolysis liquid inlet (32), an evacuation port (33), a vacuumizing port (34) and a cleaning device (35) are also arranged on the upper end enclosure (242), and an enzymolysis liquid outlet (36) is arranged on the lower movable cover (243);

the peeling machine comprises a bracket (7), a peeling part and an orange peel collecting part (22), wherein the peeling part, the peeling part and the orange peel collecting part are arranged on the bracket (7); the peeling part is arranged on the feeding side of the peeling part and comprises a primary roller gang tool (8), a secondary roller gang tool (9), a primary motor (10) for driving the primary roller gang tool (8) to rotate and a secondary motor (11) for driving the secondary roller gang tool (9) to rotate; the peeling part comprises a conveying peeling structure (12), a conveying motor (13) for driving the conveying peeling structure (12), a blocking structure arranged above the conveying peeling structure (12) for blocking the movement speed of the oranges and a spraying device (14); the conveying and skin tearing structure (12) comprises a conveying and skin tearing chain and a rack which is arranged on the bracket (7) and matched with the conveying and skin tearing chain; the conveying and skin tearing chain is arranged in an inverted triangle and comprises two closed chains (121) which are parallel to each other, a plurality of skin tearing rollers (122) which are arranged between the two closed chains (121) in parallel and three supporting chain wheels (123) for arranging the inner angles of the triangular conveying and skin tearing chain, and the conveying motor (13) drives one of the supporting chain wheels (123) to rotate so as to drive the conveying and skin tearing chain to rotate; two ends of the peel tearing roller (122) are respectively movably connected with the chain and are matched with the rack to rotate;

the secondary roller row knife (9) comprises a roller (91), a plurality of annular peeling knives (92) sleeved on the roller (91), a plurality of flexible fruit pressing discs (93) sleeved on the roller (91) at intervals of the annular peeling knives (92), and annular pressing pieces (94) arranged at two ends of the roller (91) and used for pressing the annular peeling knives (92) and the flexible fruit pressing discs (93); the secondary roller is arranged above the feeding side of the conveying and skin tearing chain; the diameter of the annular peeling knife (92) is smaller than that of the flexible fruit pressing disc (93); the oranges are broken through the annular peeling knives (92) between the adjacent flexible fruit pressing discs (93) in the extrusion state, and the oranges are driven by the conveying peeling chains to move at the discharging side;

after the fruits are ground into oil by an oil grinding machine, the enzymolysis device carries out enzymolysis treatment on peels and outer capsule coats, and the peeled fruits are peeled by a peeling machine to obtain naked fruit balls.

2. The production equipment for enzymatic peeling and peeling of the coatings of citrus fruits according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the double-row chain wheels (3-2) and the driving motors (3-3) are arranged at one side of the feeding port (3-5) of the oil grinding machine, the driving motors (3-3) are arranged below the feeding port (3-5) of the oil grinding machine, and the propelling motors (2-1) are arranged above one side of the discharging port (3-6) of the oil grinding machine.

3. The production equipment for enzymatic peeling and peeling of the capsule coat of the citrus fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the double-row chain wheels (3-2) is at least four, the output shaft of the driving motor (3-3) is provided with a driving chain wheel, and the driving chain wheel is matched with two double-row chain wheels (3-2) adjacent to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove (3-4) through a chain; the cross section of the roller (3-1) corresponding to the adjacent double-row chain wheel (3-2) matched with the driving chain wheel is circular, and the rollers (3-1) at the two adjacent sides are respectively formed by the oval rollers (3-1) and the circular rollers (3-1) in a staggered mode.

4. The production equipment for removing peels and capsules of citrus fruits by the enzymatic method according to claim 1, wherein the enzymatic hydrolysis device further comprises a lifter (26), a peel and residue spraying and impurity removing machine (27) and a buffer tank (28) for recovering enzymatic hydrolysis liquid in the enzymatic hydrolysis tank (24); the hoister (26) comprises a hoisting support (261), a hoisting motor (262) arranged on the hoisting support (261) and a hoisting structure, the hoisting support (261) is arranged on one side of the enzymolysis platform (23), the lower end of the hoisting support (261) is provided with an upper trough (263), the upper end of the hoisting support (261) is provided with a discharge trough (264), and the discharge trough (264) is connected with a feed inlet (30) of the enzymolysis tank; the enzymolysis liquid outlet (36) is connected with the buffer tank (28); the outlet of the blanking buffer hopper (25) is connected with the inlet of a peel residue spraying impurity removing machine (27); oranges and tangerines promote blown down tank (264) through the effect of lifting motor (262) and promotion structure in last silo (263), the oranges and tangerines of follow blown down tank (264) output get into enzymolysis tank (24) through enzymolysis tank feed inlet (30) on upper cover (242) and carry out the enzymatic hydrolysis and take off the capsule clothing, oranges and tangerines after the enzymolysis get into the skin sediment through unloading buffer hopper (25) and spray and remove the miscellaneous machine (27) in wasing and go miscellaneous, the enzymolysis liquid in enzymolysis tank (24) gets into buffer tank (28) recycle through enzymolysis liquid discharge port (36).

5. The production equipment for peeling and peeling the capsule coat of the citrus fruits by the enzyme method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the enzymolysis device further comprises a material distribution structure (29); the number of the enzymolysis tanks (24) is at least two, and the material distribution structure (29) comprises a belt conveyor (291), baffle plates (292) arranged on two sides of the belt conveyor (291), a feed chute (293) arranged on the belt conveyor (291) and respectively connected with feed inlets (30) of different enzymolysis tanks, and a flow distribution structure for controlling the opening and closing of the feed chute (293); the baffle (292) and a conveyor belt form a conveying groove (294), and a notch of a discharge groove (264) of the lifting machine (26) is connected with a feeding end of the conveying groove (294); the feeding groove (293) and the flow dividing structure are arranged on the baffle (292), and the flow dividing structure comprises a flow dividing plate (295) hinged to the baffle (292) and a control assembly (296) for controlling the flow dividing plate (295); during diversion, the diversion plate (295) is blocked in the feeding groove (293) under the action of the control assembly (296) and simultaneously opens the notch of the feeding groove (293) so as to divert the oranges into the corresponding enzymolysis tanks (24).

6. The production equipment for enzymatic peeling and capsule removing of citrus fruits as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper surface of a conveying peeling chain of the peeling machine arranged in an inverted triangle shape forms a channel (15) for peeling citrus fruits, the rack is arranged below an upper surface peeling roller (122) and is matched with the peeling roller (122), side plates (16) forming the channel (15) are respectively arranged on two sides of the channel (15), a plurality of blocking structures are arranged in the channel (15), and each blocking structure comprises a plurality of fixing strips (17) with two ends fixedly arranged on two sides of the channel (15) and a plurality of blocking pieces arranged below the fixing strips (17) and used for blocking the movement of the citrus fruits in the channel (15); the blocking piece is a flexible pressing blocking sheet (18) or/and a clamping blocking strip (19); the spraying device (14) is arranged above the discharging side channel (15) of the peeling part, and the orange peel collecting part (22) is arranged in the middle of the inverted-triangle-shaped conveying peeling chain to receive orange peels peeled by the peeling roller (122) and spray water; one-level cylinder row sword (8) set up on the bottom surface of peeler feed inlet (20), and oranges and tangerines are arranging sword (8) to passageway (15) roll in-process through the one-level cylinder of oranges and tangerines below and carry out preliminary broken skin, second grade cylinder row sword (9) set up in the top that peeler feed inlet (20) rear conveying torn the skin chain, tear skin chain and second grade cylinder row sword (9) at the conveying and carry out the secondary to oranges and tangerines and peel under the interact.

Images