CN114617272B - Shelling equipment for chestnut processing and application method thereof - Google Patents
Shelling equipment for chestnut processing and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114617272B CN114617272B CN202210317396.7A CN202210317396A CN114617272B CN 114617272 B CN114617272 B CN 114617272B CN 202210317396 A CN202210317396 A CN 202210317396A CN 114617272 B CN114617272 B CN 114617272B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
- A23N5/08—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts for removing fleshy or fibrous hulls of nuts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
- B07B1/22—Revolving drums
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/50—Cleaning
- B07B1/52—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers
- B07B1/526—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers with scrapers
- B07B1/528—Cleaning with brushes or scrapers with scrapers the scrapers being rotating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of chestnut processing, and in particular discloses shelling equipment for chestnut processing and a using method thereof, wherein the shelling equipment for chestnut processing comprises a support, the support is horizontally arranged, a conveying belt mechanism, an extrusion mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a sorting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the support, the conveying belt mechanism is a climbing conveying belt, and the using method of the shelling equipment comprises the following steps of S1: pretreatment of chestnut: freezing raw chestnut to be processed for 2.0-2.5h to obtain frozen chestnut for standby. According to the invention, the shells and the fruit coats of the Chinese chestnut can be effectively removed by freezing the Chinese chestnut and then shelling, the two press rolls carry out the action of pulling the shells off, hot brine is sprayed after the shells and the fruits are separated, so that the residual fruit coats on the surfaces are removed, the shells and the fruit coats are washed out, and the Chinese chestnut with different particle sizes is separated by the separation mechanism, so that the Chinese chestnut shelling machine is convenient for subsequent processing and use, the efficiency is high, the fruits are complete, and the removal rate of the fruit coats and the shells is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chestnut processing, in particular to shelling equipment for chestnut processing and a using method thereof.
Background
Chestnut is a general term for trees or shrubs in the chestnut genus of the family Fagaceae, about 7-9 species. China is generally divided into 2 types: wild chestnut and hybrid modified chestnut. The improved variety after hybridization culture is widely planted in China due to big size, sweet taste and strong disease resistance.
The prior art has the disadvantages that the prior art needs to remove shells and fruit coats of raw Chinese chestnut, the traditional Chinese chestnut processing is carried out by hot processing, so that the Chinese chestnut is separated from the shells and the fruit coats, the shells are removed after being crushed, the removal rate is low, and the fruit coats cannot be removed well, so that the quality of the product is affected during the subsequent processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides shelling equipment for chestnut processing and a using method thereof, which solve the technical problem that chestnut shells and fruit coats are not thoroughly removed in the related art.
According to one aspect of the invention, a shelling device for chestnut processing is provided, which comprises a bracket, wherein the bracket is horizontally arranged, and is sequentially provided with a conveying belt mechanism, an extrusion mechanism, a rolling mechanism and a sorting mechanism, the conveying belt mechanism is a climbing conveying belt, and the conveying belt mechanism conveys frozen chestnuts to be input and processed upwards;
the extrusion mechanism is positioned at the end part of the conveying belt mechanism, the rolling mechanism is arranged between the sorting mechanism and the extrusion mechanism, a blanking mechanism is arranged below the sorting mechanism, and a spraying mechanism is arranged above the sorting mechanism;
the squeezing mechanism is horizontally arranged and is used for kneading and breaking shells of frozen Chinese chestnut;
the rolling mechanism is vertically arranged and is used for separating fruits and shells of the shelled Chinese chestnut;
the orientation of the sorting mechanism is consistent with the length direction of the bracket, and the sorting mechanism is used for separating fruits and shells of Chinese chestnut and sorting the sizes of Chinese chestnut;
the spraying direction of the spraying mechanism is perpendicular to the length direction of the bracket, and the spraying mechanism is used for carrying out secondary separation on fruit coats on fruits and flushing the shell and the fruit coats to the lower part of the blanking mechanism;
the discharging mechanism comprises a shell separating part and a discharging part, the shell separating part and the discharging part are integrally in a bucket-shaped structure, the shell separating part is used for separating fruits from the shell, and the discharging part is used for discharging the fruits.
Further: the squeezing mechanism comprises an upper washboard and a lower washboard, an included angle of 0-15 degrees is formed between the upper washboard and the lower washboard, a hydraulic rod is arranged at the top of the upper washboard and drives the upper washboard to reciprocate along the length direction of the support, a cam arm body is arranged at the bottom side of the lower washboard and drives the lower washboard to be attached to the lower surface of the lower washboard in a reciprocating manner, and frozen Chinese chestnut is located between inner walls of opposite sides of the upper washboard and the lower washboard.
Further: the upper washboard is characterized in that concave tables are distributed on the lower surface matrix of the upper washboard, the concave tables are of cylindrical structures, and grooves facing one side of the upper washboard are formed in the middle of the concave tables.
Further: the upper surface matrix of the lower washboard is provided with variable-diameter rolling grooves, the bottoms of the variable-diameter rolling grooves penetrate through the lower surface of the lower washboard, the groove sections of the variable-diameter rolling grooves are of right trapezoid structures, and the groove widths of the variable-diameter rolling grooves decrease along one side facing the sorting mechanism.
Further: the rolling mechanism comprises two press rolls and an anisotropic transmission unit, wherein the anisotropic transmission unit is arranged at the end parts of the two press rolls and is used for driving the two press rolls to roll in opposite directions, and a gap between the two press rolls and the plate surface of the lower washboard are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Further: the differential drive unit includes, but is not limited to, two meshed gears, one of which is connected to the power end.
Further: the spraying mechanism comprises an electric heating spraying disc, a water tank and a water pump, the water pump is arranged on the outer wall of the support, the water tank is arranged on the bottom side of the support, the water pump is connected with the water tank and the electric heating spraying disc through pipelines, the electric heating spraying disc is located above the sorting mechanism, and hot salt water is sprayed from top to bottom by the electric heating spraying disc, and the hot salt water can enable fruit coats on frozen chestnut fruits to be separated.
Further: the sorting mechanism comprises a sorting cage and a rotating frame, wherein the rotating frame is vertically inserted into the sorting cage, the rotating frame rolls on the inner wall of the sorting cage, and the sorting cage is provided with a sorting frame with gradually enlarged groove width along the conveying direction of the conveying belt mechanism.
Further: the blanking mechanism is provided with a plurality of blanking hoppers which are distributed in parallel, and the positions of the blanking hoppers are arranged corresponding to the sorting frames.
The application method of the shelling equipment for processing the Chinese chestnut comprises the following steps:
s1: pretreatment of chestnut: freezing raw chestnut to be processed for 2.0-2.5h to obtain frozen chestnut for later use;
s2: feeding Chinese chestnut: pouring the frozen Chinese chestnut on a conveying belt body on the lower end of the conveying belt mechanism, and enabling the Chinese chestnut to be lifted upwards in a row by a supporting belt on the conveying belt body and input into the extrusion mechanism;
s3: shell rupture: the Chinese chestnut distributed in a row shape enters the lower washboard, the lower washboard is driven by the cam arm body to be supported upwards and move forwards, meanwhile, the upper washboard moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic rod at the moment, so that frozen Chinese chestnut is in a rolling and extruding state between the two washboards, a concave table on the upper washboard can clamp the upper surface of the Chinese chestnut, a reducing rolling groove of the lower washboard clamps the lower surface of the Chinese chestnut, the two washboards relatively move to drive the Chinese chestnut to roll and extrude along the reducing rolling groove, so that a shell is cracked, and in the reciprocating movement of the lower washboard, the Chinese chestnut is extruded in a rolling way on at least two sides, so that cracks are generated between fruits and the shell, and as the fruits and the shells of frozen Chinese chestnut are separated in the freezing process, the connection relationship between the fruits and the shell is unstable when the cracks are generated in the extrusion process, and the split is easy to be separated;
s4: fruit and hull separation: the chestnut subjected to S3 operation enters two oppositely arranged compression rollers, rubber roller hairs are arranged on the outer walls of the compression rollers, the roller hairs rotate in opposite directions to drive unstable connection relation between the chestnut fruits and the shell to be in a separation state, and then the chestnut fruits and the shell are thrown into a sorting mechanism;
s5: peel and fruit separation: the brine is pumped out of the water tank, the brine is heated by an electric heating spray disk and is sprayed from top to bottom freely, and the hot brine encounters the shelled frozen Chinese chestnut, so that the fruit coating attached to the surface of the hot brine is curled and separated from the fruit, and the fruit is ensured to be complete and clean;
s6: sorting and discharging fruits: the shelled fruits roll out through different gaps in the sorting cage, and then are output through a blanking part on the blanking mechanism, and the shells and the peel are driven by hot brine to be flushed into the water tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
this shelling setting is through freezing earlier to the chinese chestnut then shelling, can effectually remove the relation of connection between casing and fruit clothing and the fruit, and two compression rollers are done to it simultaneously and are taken the action of raking off, and casing and fruit separation, drenches hot brine, makes the surface remain fruit clothing by getting rid of, washes out the shell and the fruit clothing in the sorting cage simultaneously, utilizes sorting mechanism to select out the chinese chestnut that the granule is different, and the follow-up processing of being convenient for is used, efficient, and the fruit is complete, and the removal rate of fruit clothing and casing is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a shelling device for chestnut processing and a method for using the same;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side elevational view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the partial bottom structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the washboard of the pressing mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for using the shelling equipment for chestnut processing according to the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a bracket; 200. a conveyor belt mechanism; 210. a first motor; 220. a conveyor belt body; 230. a support bar; 300. an extrusion mechanism; 310. a washboard is arranged; 311. a connecting seat; 312. a concave table; 320. a hydraulic rod; 330. a second motor; 340. a lower washboard; 341. reducing rolling groove; 350. a cam arm body; 400. a rolling mechanism; 410. a third motor; 420. a press roller; 430. an anisotropic transmission unit; 500. a sorting mechanism; 510. a sorting cage; 520. a rotating frame; 530. a fourth motor; 540. cleaning a window; 600. a spraying mechanism; 610. an electric heating spray plate; 620. a water tank; 630. a water pump; 640. a shield; 700. and a blanking mechanism.
Detailed Description
The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be appreciated that these embodiments are discussed only to enable a person skilled in the art to better understand and thereby practice the subject matter described herein, and are not limiting of the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the specification. Various examples may omit, replace, or add various procedures or components as desired. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in other examples as well.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, in this embodiment, a shelling device for chestnut processing is provided, which includes a support 100, the support 100 is horizontally disposed, and a conveyor belt mechanism 200, an extrusion mechanism 300, a rolling mechanism 400 and a sorting mechanism 500 are sequentially installed on the support 100, the conveyor belt mechanism 200 is a climbing conveyor belt, frozen chestnuts are conveyed by the conveyor belt mechanism 200 and are input upwards for processing, the extrusion mechanism 300 is located at an end of the conveyor belt mechanism 200, the rolling mechanism 400 is disposed between the sorting mechanism 500 and the extrusion mechanism 300, a blanking mechanism 700 is disposed below the sorting mechanism 500, and a spraying mechanism 600 is disposed above the sorting mechanism 500.
The squeezing mechanism 300 is horizontally arranged, the squeezing mechanism 300 is used for breaking shells of frozen Chinese chestnut, the squeezing mechanism 300 comprises an upper washboard 310 and a lower washboard 340, an included angle of 0-15 degrees is formed between the upper washboard 310 and the lower washboard 340, a hydraulic rod 320 is mounted at the top of the upper washboard 310, the hydraulic rod 320 drives the upper washboard 310 to reciprocate along the length direction of the support 100, a cam arm 350 is arranged at the bottom side of the lower washboard 340, the cam arm 350 drives the lower washboard 340 to be attached to the lower surface of the lower washboard 340 in a reciprocating manner, frozen Chinese chestnut is located between the upper washboard 310 and the inner wall of the opposite side of the lower washboard 340, a concave table 312 is distributed on the lower surface matrix of the upper washboard 310, the concave table 312 is in a cylindrical structure, grooves extending towards one side of the upper washboard 310 are formed in the middle of the concave table 312, variable-diameter rolling grooves 341 are distributed on the upper surface matrix of the lower washboard 340, the groove 341 penetrates the lower surface of the lower washboard 340, the groove 341 is in a right-angle trapezoid structure, and the cross section of the variable-diameter rolling groove 341 is gradually decreases along the groove 500 towards one side of the variable-diameter rolling mechanism.
The rolling mechanism 400 is vertically arranged, the rolling mechanism 400 is used for separating fruits and shells of the shelled Chinese chestnut, the rolling mechanism 400 comprises two pressing rollers 420 and an anisotropic transmission unit 430, the anisotropic transmission unit 430 is installed at the end parts of the two pressing rollers 420, the anisotropic transmission unit 430 is used for driving the two pressing rollers 420 to roll in opposite directions, a gap between the two pressing rollers 420 and the plate surface of the lower washboard 340 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the anisotropic transmission unit 430 comprises but is not limited to two meshed gears, and one gear is connected with a power end.
Wherein, the orientation of sorting mechanism 500 is unanimous with the length direction of support 100, and sorting mechanism 500 is used for separating the fruit of chinese chestnut, casing to carry out the size to chinese chestnut and select separately, sorting mechanism 500 includes sorting cage 510 and rotating turret 520, and rotating turret 520 peg graft perpendicularly in sorting cage 510's inside, and rotating turret 520 rolls on sorting cage 510's inner wall, sorting cage 510 is equipped with the sorting frame that the slot width grows bigger gradually along the direction of delivery of conveyer belt mechanism 200.
Wherein, spray direction of spraying mechanism 600 is perpendicular to the length direction of support 100, and spraying mechanism 600 is used for carrying out secondary separation to the fruit clothing on the fruit, and wash the below to unloading mechanism 700 to casing and fruit clothing, spraying mechanism 600 includes electrical heating spray dish 610, water tank 620 and water pump 630, water pump 630 installs on the outer wall of support 100, water tank 620 installs in the downside of support 100, water pump 630 passes through pipeline connection water tank 620 and electrical heating spray dish 610, electrical heating spray dish 610 is located the top of sorting mechanism 500, and electrical heating spray dish 610 sprays hot brine from top to bottom, hot brine can make the fruit clothing separation on the frozen chinese chestnut fruit.
Wherein, unloading mechanism 700 includes casing separation portion and ejection of compact portion, and casing separation portion and ejection of compact portion are integrative to be the bucket-shaped structure, and the casing separation portion is used for the separation of fruit and casing, and ejection of compact portion is used for the ejection of compact of fruit, and unloading mechanism 700 is equipped with a plurality of parallel distribution's hopper down, and the position of hopper down corresponds the setting of sorting frame.
As shown in fig. 6, the application method of the shelling equipment for chestnut processing comprises the following steps:
s1: pretreatment of chestnut: freezing raw chestnut to be processed for 2.0-2.5h to obtain frozen chestnut for later use;
s2: feeding Chinese chestnut: pouring the frozen Chinese chestnut into a conveying belt body 220 on the lower end of the conveying belt mechanism 200, and driving the Chinese chestnut to ascend in a row shape by a supporting strip 230 on the conveying belt body 220 to be input into the extrusion mechanism 300;
s3: shell rupture: the Chinese chestnut distributed in a row shape enters the lower washboard 340, the lower washboard 340 is driven by the cam arm body 350 to be lifted upwards and move forwards, meanwhile, the upper washboard 310 moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic rod 320 at the moment, so that frozen Chinese chestnut is in a rolling and extruding state between the two washboards, a concave table 312 on the upper washboard 310 can clamp the upper surface of the Chinese chestnut, a variable-diameter rolling groove 341 of the lower washboard 340 clamps the lower surface of the Chinese chestnut, the two washboard relatively move to drive the Chinese chestnut to roll and extrude along the variable-diameter rolling groove 341, so that a crack is generated on a shell, and in the reciprocating movement of the lower washboard 340, the Chinese chestnut is extruded in a rolling way on at least two sides, so that the crack is generated between a fruit and the shell, and as the fruit and the shell of the frozen Chinese chestnut are separated in the freezing process, the connection relationship between the fruit and the shell is unstable in the extrusion process, and is easy to be separated;
s4: fruit and hull separation: the chestnut subjected to S3 operation enters two oppositely arranged press rolls 420, rubber roller hairs are arranged on the outer walls of the press rolls 420, the roller hairs rotate in opposite directions to drive unstable connection relation between the chestnut fruits and shells to be in a separation state, and then the chestnut fruits and shells are thrown into a sorting mechanism 500;
s5: peel and fruit separation: the brine is pumped out from the water tank 620, and is heated by the electric heating spraying disk 610, and is sprayed from top to bottom freely, and the hot brine encounters the shelled frozen Chinese chestnut, so that the fruit coating attached to the surface of the hot brine is curled and separated from the fruit, and the fruit is ensured to be complete and clean;
s6: sorting and discharging fruits: the shelled fruits roll out through different gaps in the sorting cage 510 and are then output through a blanking portion on the blanking mechanism 700, and the shells and the peel are driven by hot brine to be flushed into the water tank 620.
It should be noted that, in the step of feeding the chestnut in S2, the conveying belt mechanism 200 drives the frozen chestnut to climb upwards, the conveying belt mechanism 200 includes a conveying roller, a conveying belt body 220, a first motor 210 and a supporting strip 230, the conveying roller is installed in the bracket 100, the conveying roller is arranged along the climbing direction of the conveying belt, the conveying belt body 220 is sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying roller, the conveying roller drives the conveying belt body 220 to drive, the first motor 210 is connected with one of the conveying rollers, the roller end of the conveying roller can be provided with a conveying gear and a chain, the conveying belt body 220 is driven to drive by the gear chain driving structure, the supporting strip 230 is arranged on the outer wall of the conveying belt body 220, the supporting strip 230 is arranged perpendicular to the surface of the belt body, the width of the supporting strip 230 is 3 cm to 5cm, and the supporting strip 230 is made of hard rubber;
in the step S3, one end of the hydraulic rod 320 connected with the upper washboard 310, which is not a piston rod, is connected to the bracket 100, a connecting seat 311 is arranged at the connection part of the upper washboard 310 and the hydraulic rod 320, an included angle between the upper washboard 310 and a horizontal plane is 0 ° -15 °, a cam arm 350 connected with the lower washboard 340 is mounted on an output shaft of the second motor 330, the second motor 330 is mounted on the inner side of the bracket 100, the second motor 330 drives the cam arm 350 to swing along the output shaft thereof, and then drives the lower washboard 340 to perform a motion cycle of lifting forward and lower exploring back, and drives the upper chestnut to continuously squeeze between the upper washboard 310 moving forward and backward, and the lower washboard 340 rolls between the diameter-variable rolling groove 341 and the concave table 312 when the upper and lower boards 340 are relatively operated, so that the surface shells of the upper and lower boards are broken, and the shells are separated along with the separation of the shells due to the fact that the water crystals in the fruits are in the shells are separated when the fruits are frozen, but partial peel is not completely separated along with the separation of the shells, and the subsequent processing is required;
it should be noted that in the step of separating the fruit from the shell in S4, the ends of the two pressing rollers 420 are driven by the anisotropic transmission unit 430 to roll in opposite directions, so as to drive the bristles thereon to squeeze inwards, so that the chestnut breaking the shell is subject to a force of pulling open to two sides between the two bristles, the bristles are in a J-shaped structure, the ends of the bristles are provided with protrusions, the power source of the anisotropic transmission unit 430 is from the third motor 410, the third motor 410 is mounted in the bracket 100, the output shaft of the third motor 410 is connected with one of the gears, and the two meshed gears drive the two pressing rollers 420 to rotate and separate the fruit from the shell;
it should be noted that, in the step of separating the fruit from the pericarp in S5, in order to cope with the situation that the fruit and the pericarp in S3 are not completely separated, an electric heating component is disposed in the electric heating spray tray 610, the electric heating component includes but is not limited to an electric heating pipe, an electric heating wire or an electric heating rod, and the like, and the spray mechanism 600 further includes a shield 640, wherein a side of the shield 640, which is close to the water pump 630, is a supporting cover, and a side, which is close to the blanking mechanism 700, is a transparent cover, so as to facilitate observation of the situation in the sorting mechanism 500;
in the step of sorting and discharging the fruits in the step S6, a group of parallel rollers are arranged below the sorting cage 510 in the blanking hopper in the blanking mechanism 700, the size of the rollers is smaller than that of the particles of the Chinese chestnut fruits, and the rollers are convenient for the fruit shells and the shells to leak out;
meanwhile, a fourth motor 530 is arranged at one end of the rotating frame 520, the fourth motor 530 drives the rotating frame 520 to rotate along the shaft, a plurality of collision blocks and scraping blades are arranged at the periphery of the rotating frame 520, the collision blocks are used for further separating fruits and shells, and the scraping blades are used for scraping off peel attached to the sorting cage 510;
meanwhile, a cleaning window 540 is arranged at the end part of the sorting cage 510, and the cleaning window 540 is used for cleaning the cage body;
meanwhile, the sorting frame comprises frames and frame rods, the frame rods are distributed between the frames in an annular mode at equal intervals, the frame rods are arranged in parallel, the gaps between the frame rod bodies of the sorting frame are sequentially increased from the input end to the output end, fruits with different particle sizes are conveniently sorted out, and the fruits are leaked to the non-roller body portion of the discharging hopper.
It is also necessary to supplement that the fruit shell and the fruit peel leak into the water tank 620 at the bottom side, and the receiving end of the water tank 620 is provided with a filter screen, so that the fruit shell can be filtered on the filter screen, and the fruit shell can not be gathered into the water tank 620, and needs to be treated in a concentrated manner at regular intervals, so that the blockage of the fruit shell can be avoided.
The embodiment of the present embodiment has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiment is not limited to the above-described specific implementation, which is merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the embodiment and the scope of the protection of the claims, which fall within the protection of the embodiment.
Claims (6)
1. The shelling equipment for processing the Chinese chestnut comprises a bracket (100), wherein the bracket (100) is horizontally arranged, a conveying belt mechanism (200), an extrusion mechanism (300), a rolling mechanism (400) and a sorting mechanism (500) are sequentially arranged on the bracket (100), the conveying belt mechanism (200) is a climbing conveying belt, and the frozen Chinese chestnut is conveyed by the conveying belt mechanism (200) to be input upwards for processing;
the extrusion mechanism (300) is positioned at the end part of the conveying belt mechanism (200), the rolling mechanism (400) is arranged between the sorting mechanism (500) and the extrusion mechanism (300), a blanking mechanism (700) is arranged below the sorting mechanism (500), and a spraying mechanism (600) is arranged above the sorting mechanism (500);
the squeezing mechanism (300) is horizontally arranged, and the squeezing mechanism (300) is used for kneading and breaking shells of frozen Chinese chestnut;
the rolling mechanism (400) is vertically arranged, and the rolling mechanism (400) is used for separating fruits and shells of the shelled Chinese chestnut;
the orientation of the sorting mechanism (500) is consistent with the length direction of the bracket (100), and the sorting mechanism (500) is used for separating fruits and shells of Chinese chestnut and sorting the sizes of Chinese chestnut;
the spraying direction of the spraying mechanism (600) is perpendicular to the length direction of the bracket (100), and the spraying mechanism (600) is used for carrying out secondary separation on fruit coats on fruits and flushing the shell and the fruit coats to the lower part of the blanking mechanism (700);
the blanking mechanism (700) comprises a shell separating part and a discharging part, the shell separating part and the discharging part are integrally in a bucket-shaped structure, the shell separating part is used for separating fruits from shells, and the discharging part is used for discharging the fruits;
the extrusion mechanism (300) comprises an upper washboard (310) and a lower washboard (340), wherein an included angle of 0-15 degrees is formed between the upper washboard (310) and the lower washboard (340), a hydraulic rod (320) is arranged at the top of the upper washboard (310), the hydraulic rod (320) drives the upper washboard (310) to reciprocate along the length direction of the bracket (100), a cam arm body (350) is arranged at the bottom side of the lower washboard (340), the cam arm body (350) drives the lower washboard (340) to be attached to the lower surface of the lower washboard (340) in a reciprocating manner, and frozen Chinese chestnut is positioned between the inner walls of the opposite sides of the upper washboard (310) and the lower washboard (340);
concave tables (312) are distributed on the lower surface of the upper washboard (310) in a matrix mode, the concave tables (312) are of cylindrical structures, and grooves facing one side of the upper washboard (310) are formed in the middle of the concave tables (312);
the upper surface of the lower washboard (340) is provided with variable-diameter rolling grooves (341) in a matrix mode, the groove bottoms of the variable-diameter rolling grooves (341) penetrate through the lower surface of the lower washboard (340), the groove sections of the variable-diameter rolling grooves (341) are of right trapezoid structures, and the groove widths of the variable-diameter rolling grooves (341) decrease along one side facing the sorting mechanism (500);
the application method of the shelling equipment for processing the Chinese chestnut comprises the following steps:
s1: pretreatment of chestnut: freezing raw chestnut to be processed for 2.0-2.5h to obtain frozen chestnut for later use;
s2: feeding Chinese chestnut: pouring the frozen Chinese chestnut into a conveying belt body (220) on the lower end of a conveying belt mechanism (200), and driving the Chinese chestnut to ascend in a row shape by a supporting strip (230) on the conveying belt body (220) and input into an extrusion mechanism (300);
s3: shell rupture: the Chinese chestnut distributed in a row shape enters the lower washboard (340), the lower washboard (340) is driven by the cam arm body (350) to be lifted upwards and move forwards, meanwhile, the upper washboard (310) moves forwards under the action of the hydraulic rod (320) at the moment, so that frozen Chinese chestnut is in a rolling and extruding state between the two washboards, a concave table (312) on the upper washboard (310) can clamp the upper surface of the Chinese chestnut, a variable-diameter rolling groove (341) of the lower washboard (340) clamps the lower surface of the Chinese chestnut, the two washboard relatively move, the Chinese chestnut is driven to roll and extrude along the variable-diameter rolling groove (341), so that a shell is cracked, and in the reciprocating movement of the lower washboard (340), the Chinese chestnut is extruded in a rolling way on at least two sides, so that the crack is generated between the fruit and the shell of the frozen Chinese chestnut, and the shell are separated when the crack is generated by extrusion, the connection relationship between the fruit and the shell is unstable and easy to be separated;
s4: fruit and hull separation: the Chinese chestnut subjected to S3 operation enters two oppositely arranged compression rollers (420), rubber roller hairs are arranged on the outer walls of the compression rollers (420), the roller hairs rotate in opposite directions to drive unstable connection relation between fruits and shells of the Chinese chestnut to be in a separation state, and then the Chinese chestnut is thrown into a sorting mechanism (500);
s5: peel and fruit separation: the brine is pumped out from the water tank (620), and is heated by the electric heating spraying disk (610) and is sprayed from top to bottom freely, and the hot brine encounters the shelled frozen Chinese chestnut, so that the fruit coating attached to the surface of the hot brine is curled and separated from the fruit, and the fruit is ensured to be complete and clean;
s6: sorting and discharging fruits: the shelled fruits roll out through different gaps in the sorting cage (510), and then are output through a blanking part on the blanking mechanism (700), and the shells and the peel are driven by hot brine to be flushed into the water tank (620).
2. The shelling device for chestnut processing according to claim 1, wherein the rolling mechanism (400) comprises two press rolls (420) and an anisotropic transmission unit (430), the anisotropic transmission unit (430) is mounted at the end parts of the two press rolls (420), and the anisotropic transmission unit (430) is used for driving the two press rolls (420) to roll in opposite directions, and a gap between the two press rolls (420) and a plate surface of the lower washboard (340) are located on the same horizontal plane.
3. A shelling device for chinese chestnut processing according to claim 2, characterized in that said counter drive unit (430) comprises, but is not limited to, two meshed gears, one of which is connected to the power end.
4. The shelling device for chestnut processing according to claim 1, wherein the spraying mechanism (600) comprises an electric heating spraying disc (610), a water tank (620) and a water pump (630), the water pump (630) is installed on the outer wall of the bracket (100), the water tank (620) is installed on the bottom side of the bracket (100), the water pump (630) is connected with the water tank (620) and the electric heating spraying disc (610) through pipelines, the electric heating spraying disc (610) is located above the sorting mechanism (500), and the electric heating spraying disc (610) sprays hot brine from top to bottom, and the hot brine can separate fruit coats on frozen chestnut fruits.
5. The shelling device for chestnut processing according to claim 1, wherein the sorting mechanism (500) comprises a sorting cage (510) and a rotating frame (520), the rotating frame (520) is vertically inserted into the sorting cage (510), the rotating frame (520) rolls on the inner wall of the sorting cage (510), and the sorting cage (510) is provided with a sorting frame with gradually increased groove width along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism (200).
6. The shelling device for chestnut processing according to claim 1, wherein the blanking mechanism (700) is provided with a plurality of blanking hoppers distributed in parallel, and the positions of the blanking hoppers are arranged corresponding to the sorting frames.
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| CN113080477A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-09 | 河北科技师范学院 | Automatic shell breaking, peeling and kernel taking machine for Chinese chestnuts and using method thereof |
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| KR101553776B1 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2015-09-16 | 이용식 | Method for strippers shell of chestnut |
| CN205106336U (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-03-30 | 山东省齐盛食品有限公司 | Sieving mechanism is peeld to onion |
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| CN208354525U (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-01-11 | 保山市奥福实业有限公司 | Automate nut screening decortication cleaning classifying equipoment |
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