CN114617021A - Sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-promotion secondary fruiting cultivation method - Google Patents
Sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-promotion secondary fruiting cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005976 Ethephon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- PFJJMJDEVDLPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benoxacor Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C(=O)C(Cl)Cl)C(C)COC2=C1 PFJJMJDEVDLPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004883 flower formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-time secondary fruiting promotion cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps: s1, after harvesting the fruits of the first crop, drip water and topdressing to restore the tree vigor; s2, in the middle 6 th of the month, spraying ethephon on leaves; s3, covering a shed film in the middle and last ten days of 6 months for dormancy; s4, cutting all the fruiting branches during dormancy, and using cyanamide to point the base winter buds; s5, observing winter bud fruit branches at the bottom of 7 months, picking when the fruit branch rate of the winter bud at the base part is lower than 60%, when the young shoots grow to 4-5 leaves, spraying PBO diluted liquid medicine on the whole plant, spraying for 7-9 days, observing the capacity of controlling the young shoots and promoting flowers, when the fruit branch rate is lower than 50%, picking and removing all fruit ears, spraying PBO diluted liquid medicine to promote flowers, and spraying mixed liquid medicine on the whole plant after the secondary fruit ears exceed 5 cm; and S6, performing water and fertilizer integrated management during the ripening period of the second crop fruit from S4. The present invention can realize secondary results and the yield is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-time secondary fruiting promotion cultivation method.
Background
The grapes are one of the main fruits in China, the marketing time of the grapes has great influence on the selling price of the grapes, the grapes produced in different seasons have good economic benefit, so in order to adjust the market supply of the grapes in the production period, meet the market demand and increase the income of farmers, a secondary fruiting technology appears, for example, Chinese patent CN106942008B discloses a cultivation method of summer black grapes, the yield of the summer black grapes can be harvested twice a year, but the yield of the second-harvest grapes is more different than that of the first-harvest grapes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-time fruiting promotion cultivation method, which can solve the problem of low yield of second-crop fruits.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the cultivation method for promoting secondary fruiting of summer black grapes in a sunlight greenhouse by controlling two conditions comprises the following steps:
s1, after harvesting the fruits of the first crop, restoring the tree vigor through drip topdressing for 18-22 days;
s2, in the middle of 6 months, 600-700 times of ethephon is sprayed on the leaves to promote the backflow of branch nutrients;
s3, covering a shed film in the middle and last days of 6 months for dormancy, controlling the temperature to be 5-10 ℃, controlling the humidity to be more than 90%, and controlling the dormancy period to be 18-22 days;
s4, cutting all fruiting branches in the dormancy period, and promoting bud eyes to germinate in the middle 7 th month by using the monacyanamide point base winter buds;
s5, observing winter bud fruit branches at the bottom of 7 months, if the fruit branch rate of the winter bud at the base part is lower than 60%, pinching after young shoots grow to 4-5 leaves, spraying PBO diluted liquid medicine on the whole plant, spraying for 7-9 days, observing the capacity of controlling shoots and promoting flowers, if the fruit branch rate is lower than 50%, pinching and removing all fruit ears, spraying the PBO diluted liquid medicine again to promote flowers, and spraying mixed liquid medicine of benoxacor, gibberellin, borax, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea on the whole plant after the secondary fruit ears exceed 5cm to promote the growth of branch fruit ears;
and S6, performing water and fertilizer integrated management during the period from S4 to the ripening of the second crop of fruits, and dripping water for 1 time every 7-10 days according to soil moisture content.
Further, the management of the production of the first batch of fruits comprises the following steps:
1) covering a greenhouse film in the middle of 11 months for dormancy, and controlling the dormancy period to be 18-22 days;
2) cutting all the bearing branches of the summer black grapes in the last ten days of 12 months;
3) and (3) after pruning, immediately using cyanamide to perform bud spotting and water dripping, slowly uncovering the greenhouse to raise the temperature and break sleep, and performing one-crop fruit production until the first crop fruit is mature in the middle ten days of 5 months, and performing water and fertilizer integrated management in the period.
Furthermore, the integrated management of water and fertilizer comprises the following steps: applying urea once per plant 20-30 g before germination and flowering, and applying N-P once from flowering phase to fruit expansion phase2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 8: 22: 22, 30-45 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant in a dripping mode in the fruit color turning period2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 7: 10: 35, 40-60 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant once per mu of base at the bottom of 6 months, and the application amount is 3m3-5m3。
Furthermore, the dilution factor of the PBO is 150-250 times.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the mixed liquid medicine comprises the following steps: adding gibberellin, borax, monopotassium phosphate and urea into 800 times diluted Bibao solution, and uniformly mixing, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin is 25mg/L, and the mass percentage concentrations of the borax, the monopotassium phosphate and the urea are 0.2%, 0.2% and 0.1% in sequence.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the first fruit yield control, branch management, the two-control-one flower promoting technology and the water and fertilizer integration technology are utilized, winter buds are promoted to germinate in advance through re-shearing and bud breaking sleep to achieve the secondary fruit bearing effect, the yield of the second-crop fruits is obviously improved, and the economic benefit is further improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto. The technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples can be commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The two-control one-time fruiting promotion secondary cultivation method for summer black grapes in the sunlight greenhouse provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
production management of one-crop fruits
1) Covering a greenhouse film in the middle of 11 months for dormancy, and controlling the dormancy period to be 18-22 days;
2) cutting off all fruit branches of the summer black grapes in the last ten days of 12 months, and reserving 2 buds at the base parts;
3) immediately using cyanamide to perform bud dotting and water dripping after pruning, slowly uncovering a greenhouse to raise temperature and break sleep, and performing fruit production for one crop until the fruit ripens for the middle 5 th month, wherein the integrated water and fertilizer management comprises the following steps: applying urea once per plant 20-30 g before germination and flowering, and applying N-P once from flowering phase to fruit expansion phase2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 8: 22: 22, 30-45 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant in a dripping mode in the fruit color turning period2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 7: 10: 35, 40-60 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant once per mu of base at the bottom of 6 months, and the application amount is 3m3-5m3。
Second crop fruit production management
S1, after harvesting a batch of fruits, recovering tree vigor through drip topdressing for 18-22 days;
s2, in the middle of 6 months, 600-700 times of ethephon is sprayed on the leaves to promote the backflow of branch nutrients;
s3, covering a greenhouse film in the middle and last ten days of 6 months, and controlling the temperature to be 5-10 ℃, the humidity to be more than 90 percent and the dormancy period to be 18-22 days;
s4, cutting all fruiting branches during dormancy, reserving 2 nodal positions at the base, and using cyanamide to point the winter buds at the 2 nodal positions at the base to promote bud eyes to germinate in the middle ten days of 7 months;
s5, 7, observing winter bud fruit branches at the bottom of the month, if the winter bud fruit branch rate of 2 nodes at the base part is lower than 60%, picking the core after the young shoots grow to 4-5 leaves, spraying 150-fold PBO diluted liquid medicine to the whole plant, spraying 7-9 days, then observing the capacity of controlling the tips and promoting the flowers, if the fruit branch rate is lower than 50%, picking the core and removing all the fruit ears, spraying 150-fold PBO diluted liquid medicine to the whole plant for promoting the flowers, and spraying mixed liquid medicine of dipheny, gibberellin, borax, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea to the whole plant after the secondary fruit ears exceed 5cm to promote the growth of the branch fruit ears; the preparation method of the mixed liquid medicine comprises the following steps: adding gibberellin, borax, monopotassium phosphate and urea into 800 times diluted 600-fold Care solution, and mixing uniformly, wherein the concentration of gibberellin is 25mg/L, and the mass percentage concentrations of borax, monopotassium phosphate and urea are 0.2%, 0.2% and 0.1% in sequence;
s6, performing water and fertilizer integrated management during the ripening period of the second crop fruit from S4, wherein the water and fertilizer integrated management comprises the following steps: applying urea once per plant 20-30 g before germination and flowering, and applying N-P once from flowering phase to fruit expansion phase2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 8: 22: 22, 30-45 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant in a dripping mode in the fruit color turning period2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 7: 10: 35, 40-60 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant once per mu of base at the bottom of 6 months, and the application amount is 3m3-5m3The water is dripped for 1 time every 7 to 10 days according to the soil moisture content. In the middle 10 months, the second crop of fruits is ripe; after the fruits are harvested, covering a greenhouse film in the middle of 11 months, enabling the grapes to enter the dormant period again, and performing the next fruit production management.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical scheme of the invention, summer black grapes growing four years are selected, and the technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail through the following tests.
Production management of one-crop fruits
1) Covering a greenhouse film in 11-month middle of 2020, and controlling the dormancy period to be 20 days;
2) cutting off all bearing branches of summer black grapes in 12-month last ten days of 2020, and reserving 2 buds at the base part;
3) immediately using cyanamide to perform bud spotting and water dripping after pruning, slowly uncovering a greenhouse to raise temperature and break sleep, and performing fruit production for one crop until the fruit ripens for the middle ten days of 2021 year, wherein the integrated management of water and fertilizer comprises the following steps: dripping 25g of urea once per plant before sprouting and flowering, and dripping N-P from flowering phase to fruit expansion phase2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 8: 22: 22, 40g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant in a dripping mode in the fruit color turning period2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 7: 10: 35 of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, 50g of each plant; dripping water 1 time every 8 days.
Second crop fruit production management
S1, after harvesting the fruits of the first crop, restoring the tree vigor through 20 days of drip topdressing;
s2, in the middle of 6 months, spraying 600 times of ethephon on the leaves to promote the backflow of nutrients of the branches;
s3, covering a greenhouse film in the middle and last ten days of 6 months, and controlling the temperature to be 5-10 ℃, the humidity to be more than 90 percent and the dormancy period to be 22 days;
s4, in the dormancy period, reserving 2 nodal positions of the base of all the fruiting branches for cutting, and using 2 nodal positions of the base of cyanamide points for winter buds to promote bud eyes to germinate in the middle 7 th month;
s5, observing winter bud fruit branches on 28 days in 7 months and counting, wherein the fruit branch rate of the winter bud at 2 nodes at the base of the fruit branches is lower than 60%, picking the core of the winter bud with 4 leaves after the new shoot grows to 4 leaves, spraying 200 times of PBO diluted liquid medicine on the whole plant, spraying 7 days, observing the capacity of controlling the tip and promoting the flower and counting the fruit branch rate, wherein the fruit branch rate is lower than 50%, picking the core and removing all fruit ears, spraying 1 time of 200 times of PBO diluted liquid medicine to promote the flower, and spraying mixed liquid medicine of Carba, gibberellin, borax, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea on the whole plant after the secondary fruit ears reach 5cm, so as to promote the growth of the branch fruit ears; the preparation method of the mixed liquid medicine comprises the following steps: adding gibberellin, borax, monopotassium phosphate and urea into the 700-time diluted benoxacor solution, and uniformly mixing, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin is 25mg/L, and the mass percentage concentrations of the borax, the monopotassium phosphate and the urea are 0.2%, 0.2% and 0.1% in sequence.
S6, performing water and fertilizer integrated management during the ripening period of the second crop fruit from S4, wherein the water and fertilizer integrated management comprises the following steps: applying urea once per plant 20-30 g before germination and flowering, and applying N-P once from flowering phase to fruit expansion phase2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 8: 22: 22, 45g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant in a dripping mode in the fruit color turning period2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 7: 10: 35, 60g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant once per mu of base at the bottom of 6 months, and the application amount is m31 drop every 7 days. In the middle 10 months, the second crop of fruits is ripe; after the fruits are harvested, covering a greenhouse film in the middle of 11 months, enabling the grapes to enter the dormant period again, and performing the next fruit production management.
By utilizing the sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-promotion two-fruiting cultivation method, the two-cropping per year is realized in the southern Xinjiang area, and the annual output of the original once-a-year 4-year summer black grape per mu is about 2000 kg.
In conclusion, by means of the technical scheme, the first-crop fruit yield is properly controlled, branch management, a two-control one-flower promoting technology and a water and fertilizer integration technology are utilized, winter buds are promoted to germinate in advance through re-shearing and dormancy breaking to achieve a secondary fruit effect, the effect of coming into the market in different seasons is achieved, and economic benefits are improved.
To further illustrate the effects of the two-control-one-promotion technique of the present invention on the flower formation and physiological properties of summer black grapes, the following test was conducted based on test example 1.
Firstly, test treatment
1. Two-control technology
When the young shoots grow to 4 leaves, pinching, spraying PBO diluted liquid medicine on the whole plant, wherein the dilution times are respectively 150(T1 group), 200(T2 group) and 250(T3 group), and spraying clear water as a control. Observing the tip control and flower promotion capability of the fruit, picking off the core and removing all the fruit ears 7 days later, spraying PBO for 1 time, wherein the dilution times are respectively 150(T1 group), 200(T2 group) and 250(T3 group) times of liquid, treating 1 row and 9 plants in each row, and spraying clear water as a control.
2. A promoting technique
After the secondary fruit ears reach 5cm, spraying the mixed liquid medicine to promote the growth of branch fruit ears; the preparation method of the mixed liquid medicine comprises the following steps: adding gibberellin, borax, monopotassium phosphate and urea into the 700-time diluted Bibao solution, and uniformly mixing, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin is 25mg/L, and the mass percentage concentrations of the borax, the monopotassium phosphate and the urea are 0.2%, 0.2% and 0.1% respectively.
3. In addition, a group of controls are set and recorded as a T4 group, and the rest treatments are the same as the T2 group, and the difference is that in the first promoting technology, after the secondary fruit cluster reaches 5cm, mixed liquid medicine is sprayed to promote the growth of the branch fruit cluster; the preparation method of the mixed liquid medicine comprises the following steps: adding gibberellin, monopotassium phosphate and urea into the 700-time diluted Bibao solution, and uniformly mixing, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin is 25mg/L, and the mass percentage concentration of the monopotassium phosphate and the mass percentage concentration of the urea are 0.2% and 0.1% respectively.
Second, measuring the index
1. Long internodes of branches, thickness of new shoots and flowering rate.
2. Leaf chlorophyll SPAD value.
3. And (4) measuring the fruit quality and yield.
Third, result and analysis
1. The internode length of the branch between 4 leaves and 7 leaves of the young sprout, the thickness of the young sprout, the flowering rate and the SPAD value are measured 30 days after the blossom, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatments on shoot internode length, shoot thickness and flowering rate
2. The quality and yield of summer black grape fruits are measured, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 summer black grape fruit quality and yield measurements
It should be noted that when the following claims refer to numerical ranges, it should be understood that both ends of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two ends can be selected, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described for the purpose of avoiding redundancy.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. The cultivation method for promoting secondary fruiting of summer black grapes in a sunlight greenhouse is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, after harvesting the fruits of the first crop, restoring the tree vigor through drip topdressing for 18-22 days;
s2, in the middle of 6 months, 600-700 times of ethephon is sprayed on the leaves to promote the backflow of branch nutrients;
s3, covering a greenhouse film in the middle and last ten days of 6 months, and controlling the temperature to be 5-10 ℃, the humidity to be more than 90 percent and the dormancy period to be 18-22 days;
s4, cutting all fruiting branches in the dormancy period, and promoting bud eyes to germinate in the middle 7 th month by using the monacyanamide point base winter buds;
s5, observing winter bud fruit branches at the bottom of 7 months, if the fruit branch rate of the winter bud at the base part is lower than 60%, pinching after young shoots grow to 4-5 leaves, spraying PBO diluted liquid medicine on the whole plant, spraying for 7-9 days, observing the capacity of controlling shoots and promoting flowers, if the fruit branch rate is lower than 50%, pinching and removing all fruit ears, spraying the PBO diluted liquid medicine to promote flowers, and after the secondary fruit ears exceed 5cm, spraying mixed liquid medicine of bengal, gibberellin, borax, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea on the whole plant to promote the growth of branch fruit ears;
and S6, performing water and fertilizer integrated management during the period from S4 to the ripening of the second crop of fruits, and dripping water for 1 time every 7-10 days according to soil moisture content.
2. The sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-time fruiting promotion cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the one-crop fruit production management comprises:
1) covering a greenhouse film in the middle of 11 months for dormancy, and controlling the dormancy period to be 18-22 days;
2) cutting all bearing branches of the summer black grapes in the last 12 th month;
3) and (3) after pruning, immediately using cyanamide to perform bud spotting and water dripping, slowly uncovering the greenhouse to raise the temperature and break sleep, and performing one-crop fruit production until the first crop fruit is mature in the middle ten days of 5 months, and performing water and fertilizer integrated management in the period.
3. The sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-time fruiting promoting cultivation method according to claim 2, wherein the water and fertilizer integrated management comprises: applying urea once per plant 20-30 g before germination and flowering, and applying N-P once from flowering phase to fruit expansion phase2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 8: 22: 22, 30-45 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant in a dripping mode in the fruit color turning period2O5-K2The mass ratio of O is 7: 10: 35, 40-60 g of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is applied to each plant once per mu of base at the bottom of 6 months, and the application amount is 3m3-5m3。
4. The sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-promotion secondary fruiting cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the dilution multiple of PBO is 150-250 times.
5. The sunlight greenhouse summer black grape two-control one-time fruiting promotion cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein the mixed liquid medicine preparation method is as follows: adding gibberellin, borax, monopotassium phosphate and urea into 800 times diluted Bibao solution, and uniformly mixing, wherein the concentration of the gibberellin is 25mg/L, and the mass percentage concentrations of the borax, the monopotassium phosphate and the urea are 0.2%, 0.2% and 0.1% in sequence.
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| CN114617021B CN114617021B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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