CN108064641B - Cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield - Google Patents
Cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108064641B CN108064641B CN201810115750.1A CN201810115750A CN108064641B CN 108064641 B CN108064641 B CN 108064641B CN 201810115750 A CN201810115750 A CN 201810115750A CN 108064641 B CN108064641 B CN 108064641B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- eggplant
- ridge
- watering
- eggplants
- days
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002634 Solanum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000207763 Solanum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930002868 chlorophyll a Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930002869 chlorophyll b Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NSMUHPMZFPKNMZ-VBYMZDBQSA-M chlorophyll b Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C=O)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 NSMUHPMZFPKNMZ-VBYMZDBQSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000003763 chloroplast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NKLPQNGYXWVELD-UHFFFAOYSA-M coomassie brilliant blue Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 NKLPQNGYXWVELD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006552 photochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002377 thylakoid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield, which comprises the following steps: uniformly distributing and applying 15m of organic fertilizer per mu in a sunlight greenhouse3Preparing soil and making bed, ridge height is 26cm, ridge width is 6cm, ridge distance is 19cm, between two ridges a 58cm long walkway is set, and two ridges are coveredA watering ditch is reserved in the middle; before field planting, diluting 50 times of solution with nitrogen-fixing biological bacterial manure to dip roots; planting eggplant seedlings when the atmospheric temperature is 20-25 ℃, covering soil, compacting and watering; after the eggplants are planted for 12 days, covering a plastic mulching film after the eggplants delay seedlings; spraying the bacterial manure diluted by 120 times once every 15 days after the eggplant blooms until the four-door eggplant set fruit, and spraying by using a sprayer until the leaf surface has water drops. According to the invention, by adopting a specific cultivation method, the spread of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, and the yield and quality of the eggplant are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a cultivation method for improving the quality and yield of eggplants.
Background
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a vegetable which takes berries as products in Solanum of Solanaceae, originates from the southeast tropical region of Asia, belongs to thermophilic plants, has small and bitter taste of wild fruits, and has improved flavor and enlarged fruits after long-term cultivation and domestication. The method has become one of the main vegetable varieties in the south and the north of China, plays an important role in production, is generally cultivated in various parts of China, and particularly in vast rural areas, the cultivation area of the eggplant is far larger than that of the tomato. According to the statistical data of FAO yearbook, the global eggplant harvest area in 2004 is 170.1 ten thousand hectares, and the total yield is 2984 ten thousand tons; the harvest area in China is 81.7 ten thousand hectares, the total yield is 1653 ten thousand tons, and the harvest area and the total yield respectively account for about 50 percent of the world harvest area and the total yield. In 2014, the planting area of the eggplants in China is 85 ten thousand hectares, and the total yield is 250 ten thousand tons.
Under natural conditions, the northern area of China can only be cultivated in the frost-free season, and the northern area is harvested and supplied to markets 7 months, 8 months and 9 months every year. With the gradual improvement of the living standard of people in China, the demand on out-of-season vegetables is larger and larger, the cultivation area of an eggplant protected area is enlarged day by day, but low temperature and weak light bring great influence on the eggplant in the cultivation process of the protected area, so that the yield and the quality of the eggplant are reduced, and great harm is brought to production.
① low temperature weak light directly affects the structure and activity of photosynthetic mechanism, such as the composition, permeability and fluidity of chloroplast thylakoid membrane, the sub-microstructure of chloroplast, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b value, photochemical reaction and dark reaction in photosynthesis, ② low temperature weak light affects other physiological processes in plant body to indirectly affect photosynthesis, such as low temperature induced water stress, stomatal pair CO, and the like2Increased diffusion resistance, hindered transport of photosynthetic products, etc. The external expression is that the differentiation of eggplant flower buds is delayed, the flowering node is increased, the yield is reduced, the quality is poor, and the appearance and the commodity are influenced.
For a long time, the method for improving the yield and the quality of the eggplants cultivated in the protected area is mostly to spray hormone substances, so that the production cost is higher, the production efficiency is low, the ecology of vegetable fields is deteriorated, and the environmental pollution is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a cultivation method for improving the quality and the yield of eggplants.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly distributing and applying organic fertilizer 15m per mu in a sunlight greenhouse before planting eggplants3Soil preparation and ridge making, ridge height of 26cm and ridge widthA walkway with the length of 58cm is arranged between two ridges and is 6cm, the ridge distance is 19cm, a watering ditch is reserved between the two ridges, and the watering is preferably carried out when the water surface overflows one third of the ridge height;
s2, before field planting, diluting eggplant seedlings by 50 times of liquid with nitrogen-fixing biological bacterial manure to dip roots;
s3, planting the eggplant seedlings when the atmospheric temperature is 20-25 ℃, and punching holes with the diameter of about 10cm and the depth of 15cm on two sides of a ridge and 1 row per ridge during transplanting; placing eggplant seedlings in holes during transplanting, covering soil, compacting and watering;
s4, after the eggplants are planted for 10 days, covering a plastic mulching film after the eggplants are subjected to seedling rejuvenation;
and S5, spraying the bacterial manure diluted by 120 times once every 15 days after the eggplant flowers until the four-door eggplant set fruits, and spraying by using a sprayer until the leaves have water drops.
Preferably, the step S1 is performed by drip irrigation or micro irrigation, and the drip irrigation is spread near the root of the eggplant.
Preferably, the spraying bacterial manure adopts ER-CN bacterial manure.
Preferably, if the bacterial manure is not used up 15 days after the bottle is opened, the bacterial manure is invalid, and a new bottle is opened.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention increases the row spacing and the plant spacing of the eggplants, ensures that the roots are not easy to accumulate water, enhances the ventilation and the light transmittance, uses the azotobacter fertilizer to dip the roots, stimulates the root growth, sprays the ER-CN bacterial fertilizer, is beneficial to photosynthesis, reduces the spread of plant diseases and insect pests and improves the yield and the quality of the eggplants by a specific cultivation method.
The invention utilizes the characteristics of the ER-CN bacterial fertilizer to improve the soil structure, stimulate the growth of the eggplant and improve the yield and the quality of the eggplant.
By implementing the technology, the yield and the quality of the eggplants can be obviously improved, and the use amount of chemical pesticides and hormone substances is reduced. The yield of the eggplant is improved by more than 10%, and the soluble solid and soluble protein are improved by more than 10%.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an eggplant after field planting in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly distributing and applying organic fertilizer 15m per mu in a sunlight greenhouse before planting eggplants3Preparing soil and making furrows, wherein the ridge height is 26cm, the ridge width is 6cm, the ridge distance is 19cm, a walkway with the length of 58cm is arranged between two ridges, a watering ditch is reserved between the two ridges, and the watering is preferably carried out when the water surface overflows one third of the ridge height; preferably, drip irrigation or micro irrigation is adopted, and the drip irrigation is spread near the root of the eggplant;
s2, before field planting, diluting eggplant seedlings by 50 times of liquid with nitrogen-fixing biological bacterial manure to dip roots;
s3, planting eggplant seedlings when the atmospheric temperature is 20-25 ℃, and punching holes with the diameter of about 10cm and the depth of 15cm on two sides of a ridge and 1 row per ridge during planting; placing eggplant seedlings in holes during transplanting, covering soil, compacting and watering;
s4, after the eggplants are planted for 10 days, covering a plastic mulching film after the eggplants are subjected to seedling rejuvenation;
and S5, spraying the ER-CN bacterial manure diluted by 120 times once every 15 days after the eggplant blooms to four-door eggplant set fruits, and spraying by using a sprayer until the leaf surfaces have water drops.
It is worth noting that if the bacterial manure is not used up 15d after the bottle is opened, the bacterial manure is invalid, and a new bottle is opened.
Examples
In this example, the method of the present invention was performed in 2 treatments, treatment 1, treatment 2, and treatment 2 as a control.
The treatment comprises the following steps:
the eggplant variety used in the examples is "jin eggplant early one". The method is carried out in experiment demonstration bases of Shanxi province agricultural science academy in Shanyang town of Shanxi province, Jinzhong city, Shanxi province in 2015 and 2016.
Eggplant adopts a plug seedling method, and the seedling time is 2 ten days in the middle of each year.
Before eggplant seedlings are transplanted, organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, and the using amount per mu is 15m3And (3) land preparation and ridge making are carried out, the ridge height is 26cm, the ridge width is 6cm, the ridge distance is 19cm, and a walkway with the length of 58cm is arranged between two ridges. During planting, holes are punched on two sides of a ridge, the diameter of each hole is about 10cm, the depth of each hole is 15cm, and each ridge is provided with 1 row; and placing eggplant seedlings in the holes during transplanting, covering soil, compacting and watering. And planting the eggplant seedlings when the atmospheric temperature is between 20 and 25 ℃.
The specific treatment is as follows:
1: before planting, diluting eggplant seedlings by 50 times of liquid with nitrogen-fixing biological bacterial manure to dip roots, spraying 120 times of liquid diluted by bacterial manure every 15 days after the eggplant blooms and the four-door eggplant set fruit,
and 2, treating the eggplant seedlings without dipping roots, spraying no bacterial fertilizer after blooming, only applying chemical fertilizer, and carrying out the same management method for the rest of the eggplant seedlings.
After the fruit ripened, the individual plant yield, the soluble solid content of the fruit (refractometer method), and the soluble protein content (Coomassie Brilliant blue method) were measured.
As a result, the yield of the treated plant 1 reaches 10.1kg, the soluble solid content reaches 10%, the soluble protein content reaches 9.5%, the yield of the treated plant 2 reaches 8kg, the soluble solid content reaches 8.5%, and the soluble protein content reaches 7.5%, and data analysis shows that the yield and the quality of the treated plant 1 are improved by more than 10% compared with the treated plant 2.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly distributing and applying organic fertilizer 15m per mu in a sunlight greenhouse before planting eggplants3Soil preparation, bed making and ridge height26cm, the width of each ridge is 6cm, the distance between the ridges is 19cm, a walkway with the length of 58cm is arranged between the two ridges, a watering ditch is reserved between the two ridges, and the watering is preferably carried out when the water surface overflows one third of the ridge; watering by adopting drip irrigation or micro irrigation, and spreading the drip irrigation near the root of the eggplant;
s2, before field planting, diluting eggplant seedlings by 50 times of liquid with nitrogen-fixing biological bacterial manure to dip roots;
s3, planting the eggplant seedlings when the atmospheric temperature is 20-25 ℃, and punching holes with the diameter of about 10cm and the depth of 15cm on two sides of a ridge and 1 row per ridge during transplanting; placing eggplant seedlings in holes during transplanting, covering soil, compacting and watering;
s4, after the eggplants are planted for 10 days, covering a plastic mulching film after the eggplants are subjected to seedling rejuvenation;
and S5, spraying the ER-CN bacterial manure diluted by 120 times once every 15 days after the eggplant blooms to four-door eggplant set fruits, and spraying by using a sprayer until the leaf surfaces have water drops.
2. The cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing eggplant yield as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bacterial manure is exhausted after 15 days after the bottle is opened, and a new bottle is opened.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810115750.1A CN108064641B (en) | 2018-01-28 | 2018-01-28 | Cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810115750.1A CN108064641B (en) | 2018-01-28 | 2018-01-28 | Cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108064641A CN108064641A (en) | 2018-05-25 |
| CN108064641B true CN108064641B (en) | 2020-09-15 |
Family
ID=62155048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810115750.1A Active CN108064641B (en) | 2018-01-28 | 2018-01-28 | Cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108064641B (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1311067C (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2007-04-18 | 北京天地绿园农业科学研究院 | Fermentation and preparation for composite bacterial prepn and organic bacterial manure for preventing and controlling soil plant diseases and insect pests |
| CN103782818A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | 上海市农业科学院 | Cultivation method for improving low temperature resistance of eggplants |
| CN105950519A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-09-21 | 北京康缘益生生物科技有限公司 | Complex fungicide and preparing and application thereof |
| CN107251740A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-17 | 王正伟 | A kind of cultural method of eggplant |
-
2018
- 2018-01-28 CN CN201810115750.1A patent/CN108064641B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108064641A (en) | 2018-05-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102487708A (en) | Method for growing pepper | |
| CN105474971A (en) | Planting method for improving sugar content of passion fruits | |
| CN107873286A (en) | A kind of mating system of passion fruit female parent seedling | |
| CN104642043A (en) | Method for improving fruit setting rate of pomegranates | |
| CN106376420A (en) | Method for planting blueberry | |
| CN104798654A (en) | Greenhouse grape dense-planting and high-yield early maturing cultivating method | |
| CN103069998A (en) | Cultivation method for edible chrysanthemum | |
| CN110972864A (en) | Selenium-rich cultivation method for Bigheng white atractylodes rhizome | |
| CN104160849A (en) | Raspberry planting method | |
| CN110786199B (en) | Citrus planting method | |
| CN103460962B (en) | Method for germinating winter buds of mulberry in advance | |
| CN104413063A (en) | Dormancy breaking agent for fruit tree under protected cultivation and application method | |
| CN106342498A (en) | Blueberry cultivation method | |
| CN107873377A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of low altitude area tealeaves | |
| CN111903408A (en) | High-yield peach tree cultivation method | |
| CN108419474B (en) | Method for increasing alpha-bisabolol content of chamomile | |
| CN106613638A (en) | Citrus gonggan cultivation and insecticidal method | |
| CN103931452B (en) | A kind of fibert high-yield cultivating method | |
| CN113179849B (en) | High-yield cultivation method for harvesting summer black grapes twice a year by utilizing winter buds of the current year | |
| CN108064641B (en) | Cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield | |
| JP6789612B2 (en) | Growth improver for plants and method of manufacturing plants using it | |
| CN107242100A (en) | A kind of currant plants seedling pruning method then | |
| CN110012802A (en) | A kind of continuous cropping implantation methods of Radix Notoginseng | |
| CN107333510B (en) | Fertilizing method for enabling citrus gonggan saplings to grow and form rapidly | |
| CN113141967A (en) | High-yield green organic grape planting method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240507 Address after: 030031 No. 81 Longcheng Street, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province Patentee after: SHANXI AGRICULTURAL University Country or region after: China Address before: No.79 Longcheng street, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province Patentee before: VEGETABLE Research Institute OF SHANXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURE SCIENCES Country or region before: China |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20240511 Address after: No. 0911, Unit 1, No. 11 Zhenxing Street, Taiyuan Xuefu Park Demonstration Zone, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province 030006 Patentee after: Shanxi Sanan Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 030031 No. 81 Longcheng Street, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province Patentee before: SHANXI AGRICULTURAL University Country or region before: China |