CN108064641A - A kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108064641A
CN108064641A CN201810115750.1A CN201810115750A CN108064641A CN 108064641 A CN108064641 A CN 108064641A CN 201810115750 A CN201810115750 A CN 201810115750A CN 108064641 A CN108064641 A CN 108064641A
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eggplant
improving
quality
bacterial manure
seedling
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CN108064641B (en
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阎世江
张治家
刘洁
张继宁
田如霞
杜海平
柴文臣
郭伟民
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Shanxi Sanan Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.
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Vegetable Research Institute Of Shanxi Academy Of Agriculture Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural methods for improving eggplant quality and improving yield, include the following steps:The uniform cloth organic fertilizer 15m per acre in heliogreenhouse3, site preparation does furrow, the high 26cm in ridge, row spacing 6cm, row spacing 19cm, sets the aisle of a length of 58cm between two ridges, and is stayed among two ridges and pour ditch;Before field planting, 50 times of liquid root dippings are diluted with diazotroph bacterial manure;Eggplant seedling, earthing compacting, watering are transplanted when atmospheric air temperature is at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C;After being colonized eggplant 12d, the plastic covering mulch after eggplant slow seedling;Bacterial manure is sprayed every 15d in eggplant Post flowering to four eggplant fruit settings and dilute 120 times of liquid once, sprayed, sprayed until there is droplet on blade face using sprayer.The present invention reduces the propagation of pest and disease damage, improves the yield and quality of eggplant by specific cultural method.

Description

A kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield.
Background technology
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is vegetables of the Solanaceae Solanum using berry as product, originating from the Asia southeast Torrid areas belongs to thermophilous, and wild species fruit is small and bitter, is tamed through cultivated since long, Improving flavor, fruit becomes larger.It has become For one of southern and northern main vegetable species in China, occupy an important position in production, cultivation is universal throughout our country, especially In wast rural area, the cultivated area of eggplant is big more than tomato.According to the statistics of FAO yearbooks, global eggplant harvest face in 2004 Product is 170.1 ten thousand hectares, and total output is 29,840,000 tons;China's harvest area is 81.7 ten thousand hectares, and total output is 16,530,000 tons, point 50% or so of Bie Zhan worlds harvest area and total output.China's eggplant cultivated area in 2014 is 850,000 hectares, total output 250 Ten thousand tons.
Under field conditions (factors), the northern area of China can only cultivate in season frost-free period, annual July, August, September harvesting supply Market.It is increasing to the demand of vegetables in improper season with stepping up for our people's living standard, eggplant Protectorate cultivation Area is also growing, but low temperature and poor light brings larger impact to eggplant in the cultivation of protecting field, makes its yield and quality Declined, great harm is brought to production.
The environment of low temperature and poor light is very big to the growth effect of eggplant during Protectorate cultivation, drops eggplant germination percentage Low, germinating energy, germination index decline, and after low temperature and poor light is subject to injure, eggplant leaf cell membrane is destroyed, permeability increase, carefully After birth lipid peroxidation aggravates, and MDA contents rise;Photosynthesis is suppressed, and can be divided into two aspects:1. low temperature and poor light is direct The structure and activity of Photosynthetic, such as the component of Thylakoid membrane, permeability and mobility are influenced, the Asia of chloroplaset is micro- Structure, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b value, photochemical reaction, dark reaction in photosynthesis etc.;2. low temperature and poor light influences to plant Other physiology courses so that influence photosynthesis indirectly in object, as low temperature causes water stress, stomata to CO2Diffusional resistance increases Add, Photosynthate trasport is obstructed.External shows as to make eggplant bud differentiation to postpone, and Flower node rise, yield reduces, Poor quality influences appearance and commodity.
The method for improving yield and quality for cultivating eggplant in protecting field for a long time, mostly sprays steroids object Matter, makes that production cost is higher, production efficiency is low, field of vegetables ecological degeneration, environmental pollution are serious.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of cultural methods for improving eggplant quality and improving yield.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution taken of the present invention is:
A kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield, includes the following steps:
S1, in heliogreenhouse, be colonized before eggplant, uniform cloth organic fertilizer 15m per acre3, site preparation does furrow, and ridge is high 26cm, row spacing 6cm, row spacing 19cm set the aisle of a length of 58cm between two ridges, and are stayed among two ridges and pour ditch, during watering with The water surface cover ridge it is high 1/3rd at be advisable;
S2, before field planting, by eggplant seedling with diazotroph bacterial manure dilute 50 times of liquid root dippings;
S3, eggplant seedling is transplanted when atmospheric air temperature is at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, first both sides punching is straight on alley in transplanting Footpath 10cm or so, depth 15cm, per 1 row of ridge;In the hole for being positioned over eggplant seedling during transplanting, earthing compacting, watering;
After S4, field planting eggplant 10d, the plastic covering mulch after eggplant slow seedling;
S5,120 times of liquid of bacterial manure dilution are sprayed once every 15d in eggplant Post flowering to four eggplant fruit settings, using sprayer It sprays, sprays until there is droplet on blade face.
Preferably, the step S1 uses trickle irrigation or slight irrigation, and trickle irrigation is layered near eggplant root.
Preferably, the bacterial manure that sprays is using ER-CN bacterial manure.
Preferably, bacterial manure 15d after corkage is such as not run out, then has been failed, and should open new bottle.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention increases the line-spacing of eggplant, spacing in the rows, root is not easy ponding, ventilation and penetrating light by specific cultural method Property enhancing, using azotobacteria fertilizer root dipping, stimulate root growth, spray ER-CN bacterial manure, beneficial to photosynthesis, reduce pest and disease damage It propagates, improves the yield and quality of eggplant.
The present invention utilizes the characteristic of ER-CN bacterial manure, improves soil texture, stimulates the growth of eggplant, improves the yield of eggplant With quality.
By the implementation of the technology of the present invention, the yield and quality of eggplant can be significantly improved, reduces chemical pesticide, hormone The usage amount of class substance.Make the output increased more than 10% of eggplant, soluble solid, soluble protein improve 10% with On.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram after eggplant field planting in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to which objects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, the present invention is carried out with reference to embodiments further It is described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not intended to limit the present invention only to explain the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of cultural methods for improving eggplant quality and improving yield, include the following steps:
S1, in heliogreenhouse, be colonized before eggplant, uniform cloth organic fertilizer 15m per acre3, site preparation does furrow, and ridge is high 26cm, row spacing 6cm, row spacing 19cm set the aisle of a length of 58cm between two ridges, and are stayed among two ridges and pour ditch, during watering with The water surface cover ridge it is high 1/3rd at be advisable;Preferably with trickle irrigation or slight irrigation, trickle irrigation is layered near eggplant root;
S2, before field planting, by eggplant seedling with diazotroph bacterial manure dilute 50 times of liquid root dippings;
S3, eggplant seedling is transplanted when atmospheric air temperature is at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, first both sides punching is straight on alley in field planting Footpath 10cm or so, depth 15cm, per 1 row of ridge;In the hole for being positioned over eggplant seedling during transplanting, earthing compacting, watering;
After S4, field planting eggplant 10d, the plastic covering mulch after eggplant slow seedling;
S5,120 times of liquid of ER-CN bacterial manure dilution are sprayed once every 15d in eggplant Post flowering to four eggplant fruit settings, using spray Day with fog sprays, and sprays until there is droplet on blade face.
It it is worth noting that, bacterial manure 15d after corkage is such as not run out, has then failed, new bottle should be opened.
Embodiment
The method of the present invention is made 2 processing by the present embodiment, respectively handles 1, processing 2, processing 2 is control.
Processing includes the following steps:
Eggplant Varieties used in embodiment are " Shanxi eggplant morning No.1 ".2015,2016 in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province Dongyang town It is carried out in Shanxi Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences experiment and demonstration base.
Eggplant uses hole plate seedling growth method, and seedling raise period is annual mid-February.
Before eggplant transplantation of seedlings, make base fertilizer with organic fertilizer, per acre dosage 15m3, site preparation does furrow, the high 26cm in ridge, row spacing 6cm, ridge Away from 19cm, the aisle of a length of 58cm is set between two ridges.In field planting, first diameter 10cm or so, depth are punched in both sides on alley 15cm, per 1 row of ridge;In the hole for being positioned over eggplant seedling during transplanting, earthing compacting, watering.When atmospheric air temperature is 20 DEG C~25 DEG C when transplant eggplant seedling.
Specific processing is as follows:
Processing 1:Before field planting, eggplant seedling diazotroph bacterial manure is diluted into 50 times of liquid root dippings, in eggplant Post flowering extremely Four eggplant fruit settings sprayed bacterial manure every 15 days and dilute 120 times of liquid once,
Processing 2:Root dipping is not handled eggplant seedling, and Post flowering does not spray bacterial manure, and only to fertilize, remaining management method is identical.
After fruit maturation, measure single plant yield, fruit soluble solids content (compound microcapsule), soluble protein and contain It measures (Coomassie Brilliant Blue).
It turns out that handle 1 single plant yield up to 10.1kg, soluble solid content is up to 10%, soluble protein Content is up to 9.5%, and the single plant yield for handling 2 reaches 8kg, and up to 8.5%, content of soluble protein reaches soluble solid content 7.5%, find that processing 1 relatively 2 yield of processing, quality are improved more than 10% through data analysis.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1, in heliogreenhouse, be colonized before eggplant, uniform cloth organic fertilizer 15m per acre3, site preparation does furrow, the high 26cm in ridge, row spacing 6cm, row spacing 19cm set the aisle of a length of 58cm between two ridges, and are stayed among two ridges and pour ditch, cover ridge with the water surface during watering It is advisable at high 1/3rd;
S2, before field planting, by eggplant seedling with diazotroph bacterial manure dilute 50 times of liquid root dippings;
S3, eggplant seedling is transplanted when atmospheric air temperature is at 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, first diameter is punched on both sides on alley in transplanting 10cm or so, depth 15cm, per 1 row of ridge;In the hole for being positioned over eggplant seedling during transplanting, earthing compacting, watering;
After S4, field planting eggplant 10d, the plastic covering mulch after eggplant slow seedling;
S5,120 times of liquid of bacterial manure dilution are sprayed once every 15d in eggplant Post flowering to four eggplant fruit settings, are sprayed using sprayer, It sprays until there is droplet on blade face.
A kind of 2. cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S1 uses trickle irrigation or slight irrigation, and trickle irrigation is layered near eggplant root.
3. a kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to spray Bacterial manure uses ER-CN bacterial manure.
4. a kind of cultural method for improving eggplant quality and improving yield as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that bacterial manure is being opened 15d is such as not run out after bottle, then has failed, should open new bottle.
CN201810115750.1A 2018-01-28 2018-01-28 Cultivation method for improving eggplant quality and increasing yield Active CN108064641B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1616648A (en) * 2004-04-14 2005-05-18 北京天地新生力生物技术有限公司 Fermentation and preparation for composite bacterial prepn and organic bacterial manure for preventing and controlling soil plant diseases and insect pests
CN103782818A (en) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-14 上海市农业科学院 Cultivation method for improving low temperature resistance of eggplants
CN105950519A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-09-21 北京康缘益生生物科技有限公司 Complex fungicide and preparing and application thereof
CN107251740A (en) * 2017-06-21 2017-10-17 王正伟 A kind of cultural method of eggplant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1616648A (en) * 2004-04-14 2005-05-18 北京天地新生力生物技术有限公司 Fermentation and preparation for composite bacterial prepn and organic bacterial manure for preventing and controlling soil plant diseases and insect pests
CN103782818A (en) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-14 上海市农业科学院 Cultivation method for improving low temperature resistance of eggplants
CN105950519A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-09-21 北京康缘益生生物科技有限公司 Complex fungicide and preparing and application thereof
CN107251740A (en) * 2017-06-21 2017-10-17 王正伟 A kind of cultural method of eggplant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
于天富: "《晋北地区设施蔬菜栽培》", 31 January 2014, 中国农业科学技术出版社 *

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