CN104413063A - Dormancy breaking agent for fruit tree under protected cultivation and application method - Google Patents
Dormancy breaking agent for fruit tree under protected cultivation and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104413063A CN104413063A CN201310376583.3A CN201310376583A CN104413063A CN 104413063 A CN104413063 A CN 104413063A CN 201310376583 A CN201310376583 A CN 201310376583A CN 104413063 A CN104413063 A CN 104413063A
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Abstract
The invention provides a dormancy breaking agent for fruit trees under protected cultivation and an application method. The dormancy breaking agent is prepared from 50% by mass of cyanamide and 0.48% by mass of boron, and when in use, Bijia with a mass being 1500 times of the amount of the agent is added. The application method comprises the following steps: smearing or spraying grapes under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 20-25 times of the amount of the fruiting branches 1 week before the temperature increases; spraying nectarines under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 60-80 times of the amount of the branches at the day when the temperature increases or 1-2 days before and after the temperature increases; spraying sweet cherries under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 60 times of the amount of the branches at the day when the temperature increases or 1-2 days before and after the temperature increases; spraying plums under protected cultivation with the dormancy breaking agent with an amount being 60-100 times of the amount of the branches at the day when the temperature increases or 1-2 days before and after the temperature increases. The dormancy breaking agent of the invention is easy to prepare, low in price, and safe in use, enables fruit trees to sprout and bloom earlier and orderly, can concentrate the flowering period, increases the flower amount, enables the fruit maturity period of the treated fruit trees to be earlier and uniform, and can improve fruit quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit-trees chemicals for breaking dormancy and a using method, is a kind of protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy and using method specifically.
Background technology
Deciduous fruit tree is in northern facility cultivation and southern outdoor cropping, and the dormancy of how effectively to break bud is precocious forcing culture and can one of the key technology of normal growth at southern open country.The chemical substances such as Nitrates, cyanamide class, plant growth regulator can replace the effect of part low temperature, are that sleeping bud terminates dormancy ahead of time, germinate ahead of time, bloom, and promote getting up early growth.Preliminary Results shows, potassium nitrate, calcium cyanamide, cyanamide, gibberellic acid etc. are to breaking fruit tree dormancy, promoting that maturation has certain effect, but widely different, to promoting that the effect of fruit tree premature ripening is not ideal.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide one makes fruit tree germinate ahead of time and neat, and the fructescence is uniform protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy and using method in advance.
For realizing above-mentioned object, cyanamide, mass fraction that the present invention is 50% by mass fraction are the formulated fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy aqua of boron of 0.48%, adding 1500 times must add during use is again mixed with solution, comprise the steps: protected fruit trees 1-2 days before and after intensification, spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 20 ~ 100 times of liquid are in branch.Concrete facility grape within 1 week before intensification, smear or spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 20 ~ 25 times to result branches and tendrils; 1 ~ 2d of the facility nectarine intensification same day or front and back of heating up, spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 60 ~ 80 times of liquid are in branch; 1 ~ 2d of the facility sweet cherry intensification same day or front and back of heating up, spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 60 ~ 80 times of liquid are in branch; 1 ~ 2d of the same day that facility plum heats up or front and back of heating up, spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 60 ~ 100 times of liquid are in branch.Described grape variety is huge peak, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart, America dipper, Victoria, pink Yadu honey one wherein.Described Nectarine Cultivars Revealed is the U.S.'s early red No. 2, middle oily No. 4,12-6 nectarine one wherein.Described plum kind is lucky Lee, black plum, No. 14, Australia one wherein.Described sweet cherry variety is red light, sand honey beans, beautiful early cherry one wherein.
The invention has the advantages that: easy, cheap, the use safety of chemicals for breaking dormancy configuration, rudiment and bloom neat, florescence concentrates, increase flower is measured, and 15 ~ 20d, the ripe 9 ~ 10d ahead of time of nectarine fruits, sweet cherry fruit ripe 9 ~ 15d, plum fruit maturing stage ahead of time shift to an earlier date 5 ~ 8d ahead of time can to make grape fruit maturation.Treated Tree Fruit is evenly ripe, and improve fruit quality, chemicals for breaking dormancy is very fast in plant vivo degradation, noresidue, can not produce harmful effect, be suitable for large-area applications to the safety of environment and fruit.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
embodiment 1
1, test and carry out in Greenhouse in North in July, 2012, examination material is 2 years raw ' Thompson seedless 's, and distance between rows and hills 2m × 0.3m, every 670 ㎡ plant 1110 strains.After first batch of grape is gathered, tree body was rested and reorganized through 35 days, and pruned July 28, each bearing basal shoot stays 4 ~ 10 buds.Cyanamide, mass fraction that test medicine is 50% by mass fraction are the formulated fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy of boron of 0.48%, and add 1500 times must add during use again, test establishes chemicals for breaking dormancy to dilute 25,20 times of liquid and clear water contrast, and totally 3 process, now with the current.Direct writing brush by the fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy uniform application of variable concentrations on the eye of 2, the top of grape bearing basal shoot hibernaculum.All the other untreated hibernaculums give over to spring in coming year grape and produce, and 96 strains are smeared in each process, smear 192 strains altogether, 1344 buds, and to be coated with clear water for contrast, totally 24 strains, investigate 170 buds, tree-plot.Identical for examination grape management condition.Grape hibernaculum after 1 week, investigates the rudiment number of the bearing basal shoot of each process through the process of variable concentrations fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy, calculates germination rate.10 colored fringes are fixed in each process at random, add up every fringe number of flowers and fruit grain number before blooming He after bearing fruit, and calculate fruit-setting rate.The grape harvest time receiving calculates average strain and produces.Often process and get 20 fruit ears at random, measure average spike weight, average single weight.Each process is chosen immediately and is got 20 grapes, surveys its sugar content of fruit with WYT-J saccarimeter.
Table 1 fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy process Growing season ' Thompson seedless ' hibernaculum germination rate and regrowth hair fruit fruit-setting rate
2, for life in 2 years, the ' Thompson seedless ' branches and tendrils that maturity is good, within 1 week before intensification, smear or spraying vine chemicals for breaking dormancy 20 doubly to result branches and tendrils, ' Thompson seedless ' can be made to shift to an earlier date 25d and germinate, and have and germinate neat, fruit maturation does sth. in advance 20d.Rudiment and bloom neat, the florescence concentrates, increase flower amount, and promote that young sprout increases, increase leaf area, fruit maturation is even, improves fruit quality.
3, for the ' Thompson seedless ' branches and tendrils of the growth golden mean of the Confucian school, within 1 week before intensification, smear or spraying vine chemicals for breaking dormancy 25 doubly to result branches and tendrils, ' Thompson seedless ' can be made to shift to an earlier date 20d and germinate, and have and germinate neat, fruit maturation does sth. in advance 15d.Rudiment and bloom neat, the florescence concentrates, increase flower amount, and promote that young sprout increases, increase leaf area, fruit maturation is even, improves fruit quality.
embodiment 2
1, test is established in red No. 2 nectarine greenhouse by solar heats northerly U.S. morning.Soil is sandy loam, and have water to water condition, managerial skills are higher.Greenhouse by solar heat long 100 m, high 3.6 m of span 8.5 m, ridge.Test tree kind is the 6 Nian Sheng U.S. early red No. 2 nectarine, and seeding row spacing is 1.5 m × 2.0 m.Amount to field planting 250 strain.The reagent of application to be cyanamide, the mass fraction being 50% by mass fraction be 0.48% the formulated fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy of boron, adding 1500 times must add during use is again mixed with solution.Because test of many times is observed before, concentration is that 60 times of fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy break dormancy successful, and therefore this test only sets concentration as the process of 60 times of fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy aqueous solution, and spray clear water is contrast.Process plant is 200 strains, and contrast strain is 50 strains, and individual plant is community.On November 24th, 2012, take off curtain to heat up the same day in greenhouse, with knapsack sprayer, even spraying is set entirely 1 time to process plant and adjoining tree, the process of random selecting 5 strain subsequently strain and contrast strain make marks, observe each phenophase of process strain and contrast strain as budding period, initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage, whole florescence and fructescence, and investigate the soluble solid content of its fruit and economic benefit etc.
Table 2 fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy is on the impact (moon-) in morning in red No. 2 nectarine phenophases
2, for the 6 Nian Sheng U.S. early red No. 2 nectarine trees of tree vigo(u)r stalwartness, 1 ~ 2d of the U.S.'s red No. 2 nectarine intensification same day morning or front and back of heating up, the spraying U.S. early red No. 2 nectarine tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 60 times of liquid in branch, the U.S. early red No. 2 nectarine bud expanding stage, dew calyx phase, dew lobe phase, initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage, thank to the florescence and comparatively contrast respectively 12 d, 10 d, 9 d, 8 d, 13 d, 16 d in advance.Rudiment and bloom neat, the florescence concentrates, increase flower amount, and promote that young sprout increases, increase leaf area, fruit maturation is even, improves fruit quality.
embodiment 3
1, test is established in northerly sweet cherry greenhouse by solar heat.Soil is sandy loam, and have water to water condition, managerial skills are higher.The long 50m of greenhouse by solar heat, span 8m.Test tree is 8 years raw red light cherries, and seeding row spacing is 4 m × 4 m.Pollinizers are thunder Buddhist nun, sand honey beans.The reagent of application to be cyanamide, the mass fraction being 50% by mass fraction be 0.48% the formulated fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy of boron, adding 1500 times must add during use is again mixed with solution.2 process are established in test: spray 60 times of chemicals for breaking dormancy respectively, and spray clear water is contrast.Main breed and pollinated variety all process, and often process 2 strains, repeat 3 times, randomized arrangement.On December 20th, 2012, take off curtain to heat up the same day in greenhouse, set even spraying 1 time with knapsack sprayer to complete, observe thereafter each phenophase of different disposal tree at any time as budding period, initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage, whole florescence and fructescence, and investigate germination rate, the fruit-setting rate of different disposal.
The table 3 fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy aqueous solution is on the impact in red light cherry phenophase
Table 4 fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy is on the impact of large cherry rudiment, result
2, after spraying the fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy of 60 times, budding period, full-bloom stage comparatively contrast respectively in advance 16 d, 15 d, 20d after dispenser, and 60 times of liquid cyanamide process trees start rudiments, and rudiment comprehensively, bloom neat, effect is best.Rudiment and bloom neat, the florescence concentrates, increase flower amount, and promote that young sprout increases, increase leaf area, fruit maturation is even, improves fruit quality.
embodiment 4
1, test is established in northerly plum greenhouse by solar heat.Soil is sandy loam, and have water to water condition, managerial skills are higher.The long 50m of greenhouse by solar heat, span 7.5m.Test tree is 4 years lucky plums of life, and seeding row spacing is 2 .5m × 2.5 m.Pollinizers are black Lee.The reagent of application to be cyanamide, the mass fraction being 50% by mass fraction be 0.48% the formulated fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy of boron, adding 1500 times must add during use is again mixed with solution.3 process are established in test: spray 60 times, the 100 times fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy aqueous solution respectively, and spray clear water is contrast.Often process 2 strains.On December 4th, 2012, second day namely after curtain intensification is taken off in greenhouse, set even spraying 1 time with sprayer to complete, observe thereafter each phenophase of different disposal tree.
The table 5 fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy aqueous solution is on the impact in lucky Lee's phenophase
2, after spraying the chemicals for breaking dormancy aqueous solution of 60 times of liquid, 100 times of liquid, budding period, full-bloom stage comparatively contrast respectively 11 d, 9 d in advance.20d after dispenser; 60 times of liquid, 100 times of juicy fruits tree chemicals for breaking dormancy process trees start rudiments, and rudiment comprehensively, bloom neat, effect is best, and the effect of wherein 60 times of liquid process is better than 100 times of liquid.Rudiment and bloom neat, the florescence concentrates, increase flower amount, and promote that young sprout increases, increase leaf area, fruit maturation is even, improves fruit quality.
The present invention configures easy, cheap, use safety, and main component cyanamide is degraded very soon in plant corpus, maturing stage noresidue.Be urea and ammonium in degraded in soil, be finally converted into nitrate, the half life period is only 1.26 days, does not accumulate, residual in environment, therefore can not produce harmful effect to the safety of environment and fruit.
Claims (6)
1. a protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy, is characterized in that: the cyanamide, the mass fraction that are 50% by mass fraction are the formulated fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy of boron of 0.48%, adds 1500 times must add during use again.
2. a using method for protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy, is characterized in that: facility grape within 1 week before intensification, smear or spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 20 ~ 25 times to result branches and tendrils; 1 ~ 2d of the facility nectarine intensification same day or front and back of heating up, spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 60 ~ 80 times of liquid are in branch; 1 ~ 2d of the facility sweet cherry intensification same day or front and back of heating up, spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 60 ~ 80 times of liquid are in branch; 1 ~ 2d of the same day that facility plum heats up or front and back of heating up, spraying fruit tree chemicals for breaking dormancy 60 ~ 100 times of liquid are in branch.
3. the using method of protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described grape variety is huge peak, the seedless Cold boiled chicken heart, America dipper, Victoria, pink Yadu honey one wherein.
4. the using method of protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described Nectarine Cultivars Revealed is the U.S.'s early red No. 2, middle oily No. 4,12-6 nectarine one wherein.
5. the using method of protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described plum kind is lucky Lee, black plum, No. 14, Australia one wherein.
6. the using method of protected fruit trees chemicals for breaking dormancy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described sweet cherry variety is red light, sand honey beans, beautiful early cherry one wherein.
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Cited By (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105453789A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-06 | 宁夏大荣化工冶金有限公司 | Method for applying cyanamide to increase yield of cherries |
| CN106472223A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-08 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method releasing european large cherry dormancy |
| CN107466701A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-15 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所 | A kind of 1 year two germination accelerating method for receiving grape regrowth hair fruit |
| CN107494008A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 界首市朝鹏家庭农场 | A kind of method for releasing pear tree bud dormancy |
| CN111955481A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 屏边苗族自治县经济作物技术推广站 | Method for improving germination rate of kiwi fruits |
| CN113229020A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-10 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Method for forcing culture of plum trees in open field |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105453789A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-06 | 宁夏大荣化工冶金有限公司 | Method for applying cyanamide to increase yield of cherries |
| CN106472223A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-08 | 合肥润雨农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method releasing european large cherry dormancy |
| CN107466701A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2017-12-15 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所 | A kind of 1 year two germination accelerating method for receiving grape regrowth hair fruit |
| CN107466701B (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2022-12-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Germination accelerating method for two-harvest grape and two-harvest grape fruits in one year |
| CN107494008A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 界首市朝鹏家庭农场 | A kind of method for releasing pear tree bud dormancy |
| CN111955481A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-20 | 屏边苗族自治县经济作物技术推广站 | Method for improving germination rate of kiwi fruits |
| CN113229020A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-10 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Method for forcing culture of plum trees in open field |
| CN113229020B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2024-01-23 | 广西特色作物研究院 | Method for forcing cultivation of plum tree in open field |
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