CN114568274A

CN114568274A - Double-fork seedling growing method for solanaceous fruit crops

Info

Publication number: CN114568274A
Application number: CN202210288890.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李嘉铭
Original assignee: Heyuan Hongjia Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Heyuan Hongjia Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-23
Filing date: 2022-03-23
Publication date: 2022-06-03

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a double-branch seedling method for solanaceous fruit crops, which is used for time-saving and efficient seedling, improving the upper limit of yield, reducing the production cost of seed consumption and reducing the risk of disease and insect pest infection of later-stage multi-stem pruning. The method of the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: and (3) after sowing, when the growth state of the seedling meets the topping condition, carrying out topping by leaving seed leaves, keeping the matrix wet, and carrying out shading treatment before the axillary buds are extracted. And irrigating again after the axillary buds are extracted, achieving three leaves and one heart at the planting seedling age, and irrigating again before planting to enable root systems to form clusters so as to enable seedlings to be convenient for transplanting and planting.

Description

Double-fork seedling growing method for solanaceous fruit crops

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of soilless culture, in particular to a double-branch seedling method for solanaceous fruit crops.

Background

Soilless culture refers to a culture method in which water, grass carbon or forest leaf mold, vermiculite and other media are used as substrates for fixing plants, and the plant roots can directly contact with nutrient solution. The components of the nutrient solution in the soilless culture are easy to control and can be adjusted at any time.

At present, the cultivation of solanaceous fruit crops by using a soilless culture technology is a mature technical means. Taking the tomato cultivated without soil as an example, the measures for improving the high yield of the tomato in the seedling stage are mainly considered to provide a relatively proper growth condition for plants, so as to achieve a relatively good seedling strengthening effect, for example, the aspects of seedling substrate proportion, environmental control, nutrition supply and the like are optimized, and the growth and development of root systems in the seedling stage are facilitated, so that the maximum yield potential in the later stage is exerted.

However, the existing seedling raising method is generally a hole-by-hole one-plant mode, the yield is improved limitedly, and the increase of the seed consumption is considered if the planting density is required to be increased in the later period, so that the production cost is not reduced. Or if a double-rod or multi-rod cultivation mode is adopted in the later stage, due to the fact that the branches are too high, branch openings of the tomatoes are prone to cracking caused by long-period cultivation tendril falling operation of the tomatoes, plant infection probability is increased, and pest prevention and control are not facilitated. Aiming at the proportion of the seedling culture substrate and the supply of nutrition, high-frequency inspection is needed in regulation and control, and the growth state in the seedling stage is judged for regulation, so that the requirement on time precision control in the whole seedling culture stage is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a double-branch seedling method for solanaceous fruit crops, which is used for time-saving and efficient seedling, improving the upper limit of yield, reducing the production cost of seed consumption and reducing the risk of disease and insect pest infection of later-stage multi-stem pruning.

The double-fork seedling raising method for the solanaceous fruit crops comprises the following steps:

and (3) after sowing, when the growth state of the seedling meets the topping condition, carrying out topping by leaving seed leaves, keeping the substrate moist, and carrying out shading treatment before extracting axillary buds. And (4) irrigating the axillary buds after the axillary buds are extracted, irrigating the three leaves and the heart once again after the axillary buds reach the fixed planting seedling age, and irrigating the three leaves and the heart again before fixed planting so as to enable root systems to form a group, so that the seedlings are convenient to transplant and fix the seedlings.

Optionally, after irrigating again before the field planting to make root systems conglomerate, so that seedlings are convenient for transplanting, the method further includes:

and (4) regularly observing the growth condition of the plants during seedling raising, and if the temperature is too high at noon, the transpiration amount of the seedlings is too large and wilting occurs, performing supplementary irrigation according to the wilting degree in a shady state.

Optionally, the topping condition is that the germination rate reaches 80% and the two leaves are in a one-heart state.

Optionally, the topping position of the remained cotyledon topping is 0.8cm to 1.2cm on the cotyledon.

Optionally, the light shielding treatment is 50% to 70% light shielding treatment.

According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:

through the mode of growing seedlings of two branches, topping during growing seedlings, aim at make full use of the light and heat resource, utilize the easy growth characteristics that germinate of tomato side bud to save time high-efficient grow seedlings, improve the output upper limit, reduce the manufacturing cost of the volume of using the seed and reduce the risk that the later stage multi-rod pruning disease and pest is infected with illness.

Detailed Description

An implementation manner of the double-branch seedling raising method for solanaceous fruit crops provided by the embodiment of the application includes:

In the embodiment, topping is carried out during seedling raising in a double-branch seedling raising mode, the aim is to fully utilize photo-thermal resources, time-saving and efficient seedling raising is carried out by utilizing the growth characteristic that lateral buds of tomatoes are easy to germinate, the upper limit of yield is improved, the production cost of seed consumption is reduced, and the risk of disease and insect pest infection of later-stage multi-stem whole branches is reduced.

Specifically, another embodiment of the double-branch seedling raising method for solanaceous fruit crops provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:

firstly, mixing coconut chaff and perlite according to the proportion of (2-5) to 1, mixing with clear water before sowing, covering with a film for moisturizing after sowing until emergence of seedlings, not watering any more, and removing the film after emergence of seedlings; observing the seedling condition in the early morning after emergence of seedlings, and irrigating the nutrient solution for 2 times within 7 days after emergence of seedlings until the two leaves are formed in one heart according to the dry and wet condition of the seedling substrate, wherein the principle of irrigating the substrate completely and thoroughly every time is adopted. And (3) after the germination rate reaches 80%, performing tomato leaf topping on the tomato in a two-leaf and one-heart state 7 days, removing the growing point by pinching, wherein the topping position is 1cm away from the upper part of the cotyledon, supplementing nutrient solution once after topping, keeping the matrix moist, and performing shading treatment by 60% before axillary buds are extracted. After 3 days, the axillary buds are extracted for irrigation again. The three leaves with the seedling age for field planting are irrigated with nutrient solution for 2 times in about 6 to 7 days, and the water requirement of the plants is met. Irrigating clear water one day before planting to make root systems form clusters, so as to facilitate transplanting and planting. Removing normal irrigation nutrient solution during seedling culture, observing plant conditions at regular time every day according to temperature and illumination conditions, if the temperature is too high at noon and the seedling transpiration is too large, irrigating clear water is supplemented according to the wilting degree under the condition of shading when wilting occurs, and the irrigation principle is that the flow rate of a mild wilting nozzle is 0.59 liter per minute, the movement speed of the nozzle is 10m/min, the irrigation is performed for 1 time, the flow rate of the nozzle is 1.58 liter per minute when medium wilting occurs, the movement speed of the nozzle is 10m/min, the irrigation is performed for 1 time, the flow rate of the nozzle is 2.37 liter/min when severe wilting occurs, the movement speed of the nozzle is 10m/min, and the irrigation is performed for 1 time. In addition, the seedlings were shaded from 11 pm to 3 pm.

In this embodiment, through the mode of growing seedlings of two forks, topping during growing seedlings, and cooperate appropriate irrigation mode, improve the survival rate of seedling, aim at the abundant light and heat resource of utilization, utilize the easy growth characteristics that germinate of tomato side bud to save time the high efficiency and grow seedlings, improve the output upper limit, reduce the manufacturing cost of the volume of using the seed and reduce the risk that the later stage multi-rod whole branch's plant diseases and insect pests are infected with diseases.

Claims

1. A double-fork seedling raising method for solanaceous fruit crops is characterized by comprising the following steps:

and (3) after sowing, when the growth state of the seedling meets the topping condition, carrying out topping by leaving seed leaves, keeping the substrate moist, and carrying out shading treatment before extracting axillary buds. And irrigating again after the axillary buds are extracted, achieving three leaves and one heart at the planting seedling age, and irrigating again before planting to enable root systems to form clusters so as to enable seedlings to be convenient for transplanting and planting.

2. The double-branch seedling raising method for solanaceous crops as claimed in claim 1, wherein irrigation is performed again before the planting to enable root systems to form clusters so that seedlings can be transplanted conveniently, and the method further comprises the following steps:

and (3) observing the growth condition of the plants at regular time during seedling raising, and if the temperature is too high in noon, the transpiration amount of the seedlings is too large and wilting occurs, performing supplementary irrigation according to the wilting degree in a shady state.

3. The double-branch seedling raising method for solanaceous fruit crops as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the topping condition is that the budding rate reaches 80% and that the seedling raising is in a two-leaf and one-core state.

4. The double-branch seedling raising method for solanaceous fruit crops as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the topping position of the topping of the remained cotyledon is 0.8cm to 1.2cm above the cotyledon.

5. The double-branch seedling raising method for solanaceous crops as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the light-shielding treatment is 50% to 70% light-shielding treatment.