CN1145300A - 用于热产品的耐热毡垫 - Google Patents

用于热产品的耐热毡垫 Download PDF

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CN1145300A
CN1145300A CN96108978A CN96108978A CN1145300A CN 1145300 A CN1145300 A CN 1145300A CN 96108978 A CN96108978 A CN 96108978A CN 96108978 A CN96108978 A CN 96108978A CN 1145300 A CN1145300 A CN 1145300A
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heat
fiber
felt pan
resisting
felt
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大场秋藏
三泽浩则
野村行洋
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Ichikawa Woolen Textile Co Ltd
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Ichikawa Woolen Textile Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/027—Thermal properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G39/00—Rollers, e.g. drive rollers, or arrangements thereof incorporated in roller-ways or other types of mechanical conveyors 
    • B65G39/02—Adaptations of individual rollers and supports therefor
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
    • D04H1/4234—Metal fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/02—Skids or tracks for heavy objects
    • F27D3/026—Skids or tracks for heavy objects transport or conveyor rolls for furnaces; roller rails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/103—Metal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2369—Coating or impregnation improves elasticity, bendability, resiliency, flexibility, or shape retention of the fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/50—FELT FABRIC
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T442/51—From natural organic fiber [e.g., wool, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T442/56—From synthetic organic fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y10T442/667—Needled

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于热产品的耐热毡垫，该毡垫的耐热性足以在铁和钢，无铁金属及陶瓷产品的生产过程中传输或放置热产品，为改进质量和生产寿命做出贡献。耐热纤维腹板由金属纤维和无机纤维混融或层压组成，或由金属纤维或无机纤维和耐热有机纤维混融或层压组成，并经与或不与耐热基网冲压成栅条层压以至于混融。

Description

用于热产品的耐热毡垫
本发明涉及一种用于热产品的耐热毡垫，适用于铁、有色金属和陶瓷工业生产领域的热产品的传输、特别涉及热产品的耐热毡垫，适用于有效地阻止铝和铜热产品的延伸，在高温区域传输，损坏其表面，出现裂缝、凹痕和变质(伤点)，适用于如材料，在钢生产领域在平板线上传输钢板，如材料在陶瓷领域传输平板玻璃，如材料传输模制产品象加固的汽车防风罩，并且如用于热处理过程的垫片材料，用于有色金属的轧制产品。
通常碳模制产品用来做为传输材料传输热产品(铝型材)在铝挤压机设备的后部(铝挤压过程)。尽管碳模制产品有极好的耐热性和较长寿命，碳模制品可将铝型材损坏成裂缝，凹痕和伤点，特别是伤点是由于铝型材局部快速冷却造成的，这时，分子结构局部变化使其表面变质(这一现象被叫做黑点)。这一现象更确切地说是铝合金(特别是6063合金)，和高热传导的碳模制品(10到15Kcal/m·hr℃)引起快速的冷却产生的。
为解决这一问题，本发明的发明人提出一上述用于热产品的耐热毡垫主要包括碳纤维和耐热纤维，例如，“一耐热滚筒用于铝挤压机的后部”(日本实用新型专利No.1818591)和“一耐热垫用于冷却台”(日本实用新型专利No.1990726)。这些发明描述的耐热毡垫的热传导为0.10到0.14Kcal/m·hr℃。这值是上述碳模制品的1/100或更少倍。因此，这些毡垫不能引起裂点。
在铁的平板线中，通常的传动滚筒，它是用于从锌熔锅传输平板铁板(熔点为420℃)，其表面覆盖石棉，可是，因为石棉影响周围环境健康的问题，目前滚筒外表面包盖聚对芳香族酰胺纤维管或无纺布滚，在陶瓷特别是玻璃，纺织的生产过程中，包括聚合芳香族尼龙纤维用于传输大约650℃的玻璃。
另一方面，陶瓷和云母通常被用于热处理过程的有色金属滚筒，象铝，可是，这些材料已引起工业安全和卫生保健的问题。尽管这些严重问题存在，还没有替换这些材料的产品。
用于热产品的耐热毡垫(铝型材)从铝挤压机排出，主要用聚对芳香族酰胺纤维或聚间芳香族酰胺纤维之一的有机纤维，因此，该耐热材料是不够的，刚在挤压机挤出以后的最初部分，此处温度是550℃，其材料的寿命很短。在耐热材料上补偿这一不足，补救措施是在毡垫中暂时注入水或采取毡垫和碳模制品一起使用。这些补救包含了许多困难的工作。
在铁的平板线和玻璃的生产线中，聚对芳香族酰胺纤维做为耐热毡垫是不同的耐热材料，因此，毡垫的寿命短。另一方面，在上述的热处理过程中，垫片材料包括聚芳香族酰胺纤维在350℃到550℃的高温下使用，垫片被热熔解，寿命短，短寿命是存在的问题。
本发明的目的是解决在铁、有色金属和陶瓷工业领域的上述问题，提供一种用于热产品的耐热毡垫，最好的耐热材料，它有长的使用寿命，及有助于改进产品的质量。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种用于热产品的耐热毡垫，最好是两种纤维的混合物，它有长的使用寿命，较好的安全性。本发明的再一目的是提供一种用于热产品的耐热毡垫，它有好的耐磨性。
为达到本发明的目的，按照本发明用于热产品的耐热毡垫是冲成栅条的耐热毡垫，以便耐热纤维腹板互相混合，包括金属纤维和无机纤维混融或层压。或金属纤维或无机纤维与耐热有机纤维的混融或层压。
依照本发明的用于热产品的耐热毡垫中，一耐热纤维腹板与耐热的基网被冲成栅条。另外，按照本发明的用于热产品的耐热毡垫，在冲压栅条后可以加入耐热树脂。
金属纤维(不锈钢纤维、铜纤维)和无机纤维(玻璃纤维、碳纤维、陶瓷纤维、矾土纤维、tyrano纤维)有较高的耐热性，因此，这些纤维可单独地用于耐热纤维腹板，或用于耐热纤维腹板的与其它材料的混融或层压。因此，这些耐热纤维腹板被冲压成栅条状以至于能密实地混合。这样，该产品可用于铝挤压机的最初部分，此处铝型材的温度为大约550℃。
由金属纤维或无机纤维混融或层压的耐热纤维腹板与耐热有机纤维(像聚对芳香族酰胺纤维和聚间芳香族酰胺纤维)按规定比例混合或层压后有较高的耐热性。通过混合并合成一体，这些纤维通过冲成栅条的过程，合成的毡垫可被用于热产品的耐热毡垫。耐热有机树脂可补偿金属树脂和无机树脂的脆性，也可改进两纤维的结合力。
另外，由上述复数个耐热纤维组成的腹板与耐热的基网状被冲压栅条(如纺织品的网状)以混合腹板纤维与基网，由此，两纤维的结合力和安全性可得到改进。
由所用耐热树脂(如耐热硅酮树脂、氟树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、和tyrano树脂)，通过喷淋、涂敷，或深入在腹板上，然后经过冲压栅条过程耐磨性也被改进了。
图1是按照本发明传输滚的透视图；
图2是本发明毡垫的放大的横剖视图；
图3是按照本发明传输滚的侧视图；
图4是本发明构成传输带的毡垫放大的横剖视图；
图5是无纺布滚生产过程的透视图；
图6是本发明毡垫构成滚筒的滚元件的放大的透视图；
图7是在铝滚过程的热处理过程中，使用垫片材料的实施例，其中(a)是棒材，(b)是平板。
现在，本发明的实施例将按照所供附图进行详细描述。
如图1传输滚1是用于铝挤压机的最初部位，此处铝材的最高温度为大约550℃，金属滚体2的外表面覆盖着本发明的毡垫3，制成管状。
如图2，本发明的毡垫3由冲压成栅条的耐热纤维腹板4与耐热基网5密实地混合而制成的，所说腹板4包括单独的金属纤维，单独的无机纤维，或金属纤维与无机纤维的混融或层压。
耐热腹板4是由金属纤维或无机纤维与耐热有机纤维(像聚对芳香族酰胺纤维和间芳香族酰胺纤维)混融的，或由金属纤维层或无机纤维层与耐热有机纤维压合而成。该腹板4与耐热的基网5可被冲压栅条而密实的混合。这种情况下，金属纤维层或无机纤维层被设在最外层是合乎要求的。
上述耐热基网5是使纤维有效的结合的，基网可由耐热的聚对或间芳香族酰胺有机纤维丝构成，也可由每一方向都平行设制的丝构成的平行布组成，以使其空间稳固，或由平行丝层和另一叠加的平行丝层一个径向另一个横向构成的无纺布组成。
一传输带1a如图3用于铝挤压机的冷却部分，此处铝材保持350℃到480℃的高温，本发明的毡垫3用于此处，由图3中耐热基网5，金属纤维或无机纤维或它们的混融或层压的耐热纤维腹板4组成，腹板4设在基网5上，被冲压呈栅条与耐热基网5密实的混合，及耐磨树脂层6置于一侧与导向件G接触。
这样的传输带1a，耐热有机纤维除金属纤维和无机纤维之外混入是可能的。尽管它没在图中显示，自然地，复数个基网5可与腹板在深层处层压。
无纺布滚1b如图5所示，被用于铝挤压机的最初部分或输出部分，此处铝材的温度为480℃到550℃。这种情况下，本发明的毡垫3不包括耐热基网5如图2和图4所示，只包括耐热纤维腹板4，它由单独的金属纤维，单独地无机纤维或它们的混融或层压物被冲成栅条以混合而组成。
详述地，上述无纺布滚1b是由滚元件E按轴向装配成的，即沿着图5所示金属滚2a的键方向冲压如图6所示的本发明的毡垫3，并且将其从滚的两侧压入。本发明毡垫3的横截面层由无纺布滚1b的表面显示出。如果耐热基网被用于腹板，基网层有不同的硬度暴露于无纺布滚1b的表面。
冲压栅条的比值，整个层每一区域的厚度和重量包括耐热基网5混合后可视实际条件而定。在实际应用条件中，耐热树脂，像硅酮树脂、氟树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、tyrano树脂，被应用在耐热纤维腹板4中经过喷淋、涂敷入深入后。一个树脂的应用改进了毡垫的耐磨性。所含树脂而改进耐磨性由下述耐磨试验决定的。
垫片材料7如图7所示，是用于不含铁金属滚8的热处理过程。垫片材料7是由热纤维腹板栅条制成，该腹板包括金属纤维或无机纤维，或该耐热纤维腹板由无机纤维和有机纤维像聚芳香族酰胺纤维混融或层压密实地混合而成。该垫片的实例将在下面描述。
另外，耐热纤维腹板包括三种型号的纤维将形成(a)到(c)，它们以比值为3000到3300栅/英寸2冲压栅条而得到本发明的毡垫(厚度为6到7毫米，重量为2500到3000克/平方米)玻璃纤维的纤维直径为5μ，不锈钢的纤维直径为12μ，聚对芳香族酰胺纤维(商业名称为Kevlar 1.5d)，这些毡垫必须经过耐磨试验。对于试验，样品被加热到350℃用3小时，然后以500g重做Taber型耐磨试验，磨损环等于H-18，样品必须经过耐磨试验2000次，测量磨损量，其结果见表1。
(a)100％聚对芳香族酰胺纤维；
(b)60％玻璃纤维和40％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维混合物，
(c)80％玻璃纤维和20％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维的混合物。
                         表1
毡垫成分     磨损量     比较磨损量
(a)聚对芳香族酰胺纤维：100％(b)玻璃纤维∶聚对芳香族酰胺纤维＝60∶40(c)玻璃纤维∶聚对芳香族酰胺纤维＝80∶20     1.95g1.30g1.75g     10.670.90
由试验结果，发现混合或合成的玻璃纤维与聚对芳香族酰胺纤维改进了所得毡垫的耐热性并减少了磨损量0.67到0.9，与100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维，所给参考值为1相比、磨损量是由于毡垫纤维热变质引起的。
由试验结果，发现玻璃纤维与聚对芳香族酰胺纤维的最佳混合值为60∶40，增加玻璃纤维的比值是导致纤维的混合松散，松散的混合导致磨损量的增加。反之，增加聚对芳香族酰胺纤维在混合中的比例导致纤维混合的改进。可是同时使耐热性降低，这样，磨损量是由于热变质而增加的。
详细地说，这已证明，这种毡垫是由玻璃纤维和无机纤维混合冲成栅条制成，腹板包括单独的玻璃纤维或单独的无机纤维或包括上述这些纤维松散混合的混合物。并且与有机纤维像聚对芳香族酰胺纤维混融或层压以有效地改进混合度。
另外，一毡垫在上述耐磨试验中由上述(b)合成的毡垫是最佳混合物(玻璃纤维与聚对芳香族酰胺纤维以60∶40混合)。它们被注入和凝结耐热的硅酮树脂。所得样品分别达到5％，10％和15％的树脂，这些样品必须经过上述的耐磨试验，其结果如表2。
                        表2
 内有树脂     磨损量 相对磨损量
    0％     1.85％     1
    5％     0.57％     0.31％
    10％     0.65％     0.35％
    15％     0.95％     0.51％
从表2得出，发现深度凝入耐热树脂其结果改进了耐磨性，这样磨损量与未加树脂相对值1相比减少了0.31到0.51。可是，磨损量由加入树脂的增加而增加，由此，提议树脂本身的磨损应包括在磨损量之内。
从上述试验，发现加入大约5％的树脂可有效改进耐磨性，加入多的树脂使磨损量增加，但，本发明将不对上述试验的合成和添加进行限定，条件可依靠使用的改进而变化。
                实施例1
一耐热纤维腹板包括100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维被冲压栅条以混合和一耐热毡垫(相当的毡垫)具有4000g/m2重及10.0mm宽，及一耐热纤维腹板包括60％的玻璃纤维与40％的聚对芳香酰胺纤维混合并被冲压栅条以混融，和一耐热毡垫(本发明的毡垫)具有4000g/m2重和10.0mm宽。
这两毡垫被切成60mm×450mm大小，150块毡垫，安装在实际的传输中，实际使用测定。用2750吨挤压机，该毡垫安装在平输送机的输出端，详细地说，在输送机的每一板条上设置一毡垫，由此共需设有150条，以至于每一毡垫都与铝型材均匀地接触。此时挤压速度与平板输送机同时运行。
挤压出的铝材是任意形状，有同一重量3.5kg/m，且仅用空气冷却扇冷却铝材，铝材与安在平板输送机上的毡垫接触温度是预设的350℃到480℃。该机器每天连续工作24小时。
用于上述条件的两毡垫，其结果，相当毡垫包括100％聚对芳香族酰胺纤维与铝材接触部分磨损快使用约30天，毡垫就损坏。另一方面，本发明的毡垫包括60％玻璃纤维与40％聚对芳香族酰胺纤维的混合物能使用40到50天。当然，没有通常由所接触耐热毡垫引起的异常黑色出现在铝材上。
耐热树脂(硅酮树脂)以3％到30％注入或凝入本发明的上述毡垫中，这些毡垫被用于上述操作的同样条件下，发现加入25％或更少的树脂的毡垫可获得更大的耐磨性的改进，能用60到75天。
加入超过25％的树脂的毡垫其结果增加了毡垫的磨损度，因为增加了树脂的磨损，由此发现增加树脂的含量不能达到改进耐磨性的目的。
                   实施例2
一耐热纤维腹板包括100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维被冲压栅条以密实地混合，及一耐热毡垫(相当的毡垫)具有4000g/m2重及10.0mm厚，也有，耐热纤维腹板包括60％的玻璃纤维和40％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维混合而成并被冲压成栅条以密实地混合，及耐热毡垫(本发明毡垫)具有4000g/m2重和10.0mm厚，铝挤压机冷却部分的两耐热毡垫带由两耐热毡垫分别制成。其带的尺寸为95毫米宽，7780亳米长及12毫米厚。
两种型号的传输带被用于实际的机器上测定，对于该测定，一1800吨挤压机有附着链式冷却台可用，十条传输带以1200亳米的间距安装在挤压机上以至于该传输带与铝材均匀地接触着。
铝材被挤压成任意形状，平均每一个重2kg/m，传输带的传输部分的数量为7到12个。一空气冷却扇用于冷却铝材。铝材在传输中接触上述传输带的最高温度测定为约450℃，冷却到最低温度为200℃。操作试验每天持续24小时。
在上述使用条件下，相当毡垫包括100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维逐渐降低其厚度，厚度降到6.0毫米(树脂厚度占50％)使用两天后，因为变质的叠加导致其部分发热并且导致传输带接触表面磨损。另一方面，本发明的传输带包含60％的玻璃纤维和40％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维逐渐多降低其厚度，厚度被减到8.0毫米(树脂厚度占67％)然后同样使用两天。
这些毡垫传输带还有进一步的用途，上述具有耐热带的传输带，包括腹板由100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维组成，进一步减少其厚度，约3年后由于磨损和损坏而不能使用，因为由于热使传输带损坏和变质。另一方面，本发明的传输带，包括耐热毡垫由含有玻璃纤维的混合腹板组成，能安全使用较长时间，约3.5到4年后被损坏而不能使用。
                  实施例3
耐热纤维腹板包含100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维被冲压成栅条以密实地混合，及一耐热毡垫(相当的毡垫)有2000g/m2重和2mm厚，另一耐热毡垫包括一耐热纤维腹板由同质量的100％的不锈钢纤维组成(本发明的毡垫(1))和一耐热毡垫包括耐热纤维腹板由60％的玻璃纤维和40％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维组成，与(本发明毡垫(2)同质量。这三种型号的毡垫被冲压成设置的滚筒元件E，用于无纺布滚16，如图5所示，无纺布滚1b由这三种型号的毡垫分别各自构成。其外直径，长度和表面硬度是60mm，300mm，和85±5”用JIS-C型硬度米。
这三种型号的滚筒是用在实际机器上测定的。-2000吨挤压机用于检测，在机器的最初部分(总长度5米)，上述15个无纺布滚筒与铝材均匀地接触，在挤压机后以300mm间隔排列，此时无纺布滚的速度与挤压速度同步。被挤压的铝材形状任意，有统一的重量2kg/m。一空气冷却扇和水冷却显示器用于铝材的冷却。与无纺布滚接触的铝材的温度测定为480℃到550℃。该试验每天持续操作24小时。
在上述条件下，实际使用试验的结果，上述无纺布滚提供一标准毡垫包括100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维在使用中被逐渐地磨损，损坏到不能使用需6个月后，因为与铝材接触部分滚筒被磨损。另一方面，无纺布滚提供一本发明混合的毡垫(2)包含60％的玻璃纤维和40％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维经受得住10个月的使用。
无纺布滚提供的本发明毡垫(1)包含100％的不锈钢纤维能使用约24个月。当然，在使用期间，由于无纺布滚的设置没有异常的裂缝、凹痕和黑点在铝材上。
以上述实例1到3为基础，对于用于铝挤压机从起始部分到冷却部分的热区域的传输材料，已被证明，与现有的耐垫毡垫相比金属纤维和无机纤维的混合的耐热毡垫有最好的耐热性和耐磨性或长的寿命。
另外，一耐热纤维腹板包含100％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维被冲压成栅条以密实地混合，一管形耐热毡垫(比较毡垫具有4000g/m2的重量。耐热纤维腹板包含60％的玻璃纤维和40％的聚对芳香族酰胺纤维混合后冲压成栅条以密实混合，和一管形耐热毡垫(本发明的毡垫)有2000g/m2重。这些毡垫用于所用平板线滚筒的顶(外)部，平板的温度为380℃。
相当的毡垫包含100％聚对芳香族酰胺纤维的寿命是20天，另一方面，本发明毡垫包含60％玻璃纤维和40％聚对芳香族酰胺纤维的寿命为36天，提高寿命180％。
另外，本发明的垫片与现有石棉垫片相比，详细描述在铝滚过程的热处理中。一耐热纤维腹板包含70％的碳纤维和30％的聚间芳香族酰胺纤维的混合物设在含有玻璃纤维的基网上，层压冲压成栅条形状的本发明毡垫厚度为4.5mm，本发明的毡垫可用8小时在350℃的气体中。本发明的毡垫没有一般的尘集。
不锈钢纤维腹板和周边无纺布包括玻璃纤维被交替层压和冲压成栅条以密实的混合，本发明的毡垫具有8mm厚，该毡垫被用于550℃的热处理过程。本发明毡垫的寿命为30天，另一方面，石棉毡垫寿命仅10天。
根据上述，本发明所提供的毡垫由耐热纤维腹板冲压栅条制成，该腹板由金属纤维和无机纤维混合或层压而成，或由金属纤维，无机纤维和耐热的有机纤维混合或层压而成，则本发明的毡垫能成功地用于像铝挤压机的起始部分这样的热区域，此处温度为550℃。
本发明提供的毡垫由上述耐热纤维腹板和耐热基网一起冲压成栅条而成，其所得毡垫改进了两纤维的结合力从而改进了耐磨性，另外本发明的毡垫不引起裂缝和黑点在软热产品的表面，在刚形成铁非铁金属和陶瓷工业的生产过程中。该耐热基网(耐热无纺布)的设置改进了安全性和延长了使用寿命。
同时，在耐热纤维腹板中添加耐热树脂后冲压成栅条，结果为更大地改进其使用寿命和耐热性。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于热产品的生产的耐热毡垫，它是冲压成栅条以便耐热纤维腹板的混合，包括金属纤维和无机纤维的混融或层压，或金属纤维或无机纤维和耐热有机纤维的混融与层压。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于热产品的耐热毡垫，其中所述耐热纤维腹板是与耐热基网冲压成栅条的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于热产品的耐热毡垫，其中所述冲压成的栅条是再添加耐热树脂的。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于热产品的耐热毡垫，其中所述冲压成的栅条是再添加耐热树脂的。
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CN1346336A (zh) 1999-04-09 2002-04-24 贝克特股份有限公司 耐热覆盖材料
DE10316259A1 (de) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-28 Fleissner Gmbh Verfahren zur Verfestigung oder Veredelung einer Warenbahn mittels der hydrodynamischen Vernadelung und Produkt nach diesem Verfahren
US7241283B2 (en) * 2003-04-25 2007-07-10 Ad-Tech Medical Instrument Corp. Method for intracranial catheter treatment of brain tissue
JP2006171046A (ja) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-29 Fujikoo:Kk オイル供給装置とクリーニング装置
KR100865590B1 (ko) * 2008-04-22 2008-10-28 (주)쌍림멀티택 강판 이송용 롤러
US10316463B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2019-06-11 Nccm Company, Llc Non-woven covered roller

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JPS55101224A (en) * 1979-01-30 1980-08-01 Ichikawa Woolen Textile Multiilayer needle felt cushion material
JPS5876730U (ja) * 1981-11-18 1983-05-24 市川毛織株式会社 アルミ押出プレス機の後面設備用耐熱パツト
WO1987000192A1 (en) * 1985-07-09 1987-01-15 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Friction material composition for brake lining
JPH028565A (ja) * 1988-01-11 1990-01-12 Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd リップシール装置
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JP2580265B2 (ja) * 1988-06-30 1997-02-12 大阪瓦斯株式会社 複合不織布
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AU3182693A (en) * 1993-01-15 1994-07-21 Ichikawa Woolen Textile Co. Ltd. Conveying belt

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EP0740006A1 (en) 1996-10-30
TW346512B (en) 1998-12-01
US5662507A (en) 1997-09-02
KR960037274A (ko) 1996-11-19
AU5082496A (en) 1996-11-07
JPH08296160A (ja) 1996-11-12

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